I created a virtualenv around my project, but when I try to activate it I cannot.
It might just be syntax or folder location, but I am stumped right now.
You can see below, I create the virtualenv and call it venv. Everything looks good, then I try to activate it by running source venv/bin/activate
I'm thinking it might just have to do with my system path, but not sure what to point it to (I do know how to edit the path). I'm on python 7 / windows os, virtual env 2.2.x
Processing dependencies for virtualenv
Finished processing dependencies for virtualenv
c:\testdjangoproj\mysite>virtualenv --no-site-packages venv
The --no-site-packages flag is deprecated; it is now the default behavior.
Using real prefix 'C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Python'
New python executable in venv\Scripts\python.exe
File venv\Lib\distutils\distutils.cfg exists with different content; not overwri
ting
Installing setuptools.................done.
Installing pip...................done.
c:\testdjangoproj\mysite>source venv/bin/activate
'source' is not recognized as an internal or external command,
operable program or batch file.
c:\testdjangoproj\mysite>source venv/bin/activate
'source' is not recognized as an internal or external command,
operable program or batch file.
c:\testdjangoproj\mysite>source mysite/bin/activate
'source' is not recognized as an internal or external command,
operable program or batch file.
c:\testdjangoproj\mysite>
source is a shell command designed for users running on Linux (or any Posix, but whatever, not Windows).
On Windows, virtualenv creates a .bat/.ps1 file, so you should run venv\Scripts\activate instead (per the virtualenv documentation on the activate script).
Just run activate, without an extension, so the right file will get used regardless of whether you're using cmd.exe or PowerShell.
I had the same problem. I was using Python 2, Windows 10 and Git Bash. Turns out in Git Bash you need to use:
source venv/Scripts/activate
I was also facing the same issue in my Windows 10 machine.
What steps i tried were:
Go to andconda terminal
Step 1
pip3 install -U pip virtualenv
Step 2
virtualenv --system-site-packages -p python ./venv
or
virtualenv --system-site-packages -p python3 ./venv
Step 3
.\venv\activate
You can check it via spider tool in anaconda by typing import tensorflow as tf
For activation you can go to the venv your virtualenv directory
by cd venv.
Then on Windows, type dir (on unix, type ls).
You will get 5 folders include, Lib, Scripts, tcl and 60
Now type .\Scripts\activate to activate your virtualenv venv.
Your prompt will change to indicate that you are now operating within the virtual environment. It will look something like this (venv)user#host:~/venv$.
And your venv is activated now.
source command is officially for Unix operating systems family and you can't use it on windows basically. instead, you can use venv\Scripts\activate command to activate your virtual environment.
Ensure venv is there and just follow the commands below. It works in Windows 10.
Go to the path where you want your virtual enviroments to reside:
> cd <my_venv_path>
Create the virtual environment named "env":
> python -m venv env
Add the path to the git ignore file (optional):
> echo env/ >> .gitignore
Activate the virtual env:
> .\env\Scripts\activate
For windows, type "C:\Users\Sid\venv\FirstProject\Scripts\activate" in the terminal without quotes. Simply give the location of your Scripts folder in your project. So, the command will be location_of_the_Scripts_Folder\activate.
if you already cd your project type only in windows 10
Scripts/activate
That works for me:)
Tried several different commands until I came across:
source venv/Scripts/activate
This did it for me. Setup: Win 10, python 3.7, gitbash. Gitbash might be the culprit for not playing nice with other activate commands.
A small reminder, but I had my slashes the wrong way on Win10 cmd. According to python documentation the activate command is: C:\> <venv>\Scripts\activate.bat
When you're browsing directories it's e.g. cd .env/Scripts
So to create my venv I used python -m venv --copies .env and to activate .env\Scripts\activate.bat
Open your powershell as admin
Enter "Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Force
Run "gpedit.msc" and go to >Administrative Templates>Windows Components>Windows Powershell
Look for "Activate scripts execution" and set it on "Activated"
Set execution directive to "Allow All"
Apply
Refresh your env
I have a hell of a time using virtualenv on windows with git bash, I usually end up specifying the python binary explicitly.
If my environment is in say .env I'll call python via ./.env/Scripts/python.exe …, or in a shebang line #!./.env/Scripts/python.exe;
Both assuming your working directory contains your virtualenv (.env).
You can run the source command on cygwin terminal
If you’re using Windows, use the command "venv\Scripts\activate" (without the word source) to activate the virtual environment. If you’re using PowerShell, you might need to capitalize Activate.
open the folder with any gitbash console.
for example using visualCode and Gitbash console program:
1)Install Gitbash for windows
2) using VisualCode IDE, right click over the project open in terminal console option
3) on window console in Visualcode, looking for a Select->default shell and change it for Gitbash
4)now your project is open with bash console and right path, put source ./Scripts/activate
btw : . with blank space = source
For windows Microsoft Tech Support it might be a problem with Execution Policy Settings. To fix it, you should try executing
Set-ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted -Scope Process
Finally Worked on Windows 10 by using:
activate myvenv
where myvenv is the name the virtual environment I want to activate.
So basically, the command is:
activate <<your_venv_name>>
All the best!
Some people are having trouble with vscode i assume as all the above methods dont work.
Its simply because by default vscode uses powershell not cmd...
click on the little arrow beside it and select cmd and run the command.
if .\venv\Scripts\activate does not work neither and you find this error
\Activate.ps1 cannot be loaded because running scripts is disabled on this system
you can simple type set-executionpolicy remotesigned in powershell and the error must be gone.
powershell should run as administrator
If you see the 5 folders (Include,Lib,Scripts,tcl,pip-selfcheck) after using the virtualenv yourenvname command, change directory to Scripts folder in the cmd itself and simply use "activate" command.
If wants to open virtual environment on Windows then just remember one thing on giving path use backwards slash not forward.
This is right:
D:\xampp\htdocs\htmldemo\python-virtual-environment>env\Scripts\activate
This is wrong:
D:\xampp\htdocs\htmldemo\python-virtual-environment>env/Scripts/activate
The steps for activating virtualenv using Python3 on windows are:
python3 -m venv env
.\env\bin\activate
Use These it worked for meenv\Scripts\activate
For those of you crazy enough to have a custom DOS prompt, venv activation may fail, depending on your %PROMPT% environment variable content.
Say you have a DOS prompt defined as follows:
set PROMPT=$_$E[1;30;40m[$E[0;36;40m%computername% | %userdomain%\%username%$E[1;30;40m] $E[0;33;40m$M$_$E[35;40m$d$s$t$h$h$h$h$h$h$_$E[1;33;40m$p$_$E[1;30;40m$g $E[0;37;40m
(btw, it shows as follows, with some fancy colors:
[W10-MY_COMPUTER | W10-MY_COMPUTER\JOHNDOE]
15/09/2022 20:31
F:\
> echo "Hello World"
Hello World
[W10-MY_COMPUTER | W10-MY_COMPUTER\JOHNDOE]
15/09/2022 20:31
F:\
>
)
Then if you try to activate a venv :
.\venv\Scripts\activate.bat
it may fail with a rather unclear error that states:
Path not found
without further indications.
The trick is that activate.bat(/deactivate.bat) scripts try to save(/restore) the %PROMPT% variable with this syntax:
...
set _OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT=%PROMPT%
...
set PROMPT=(venv) %PROMPT%
...
It can be fixed with this syntax:
...
set "_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT=%PROMPT%"
...
set "PROMPT=(venv) %PROMPT%"
...
now it shows:
[W10-MY_COMPUTER | W10-MY_COMPUTER\JOHNDOE]
15/09/2022 20:31
F:\
> venv\Scripts\activate.bat
(venv)
[W10-MY_COMPUTER | W10-MY_COMPUTER\JOHNDOE]
15/09/2022 20:31
F:\
>
Instead of using:
source ./venv/Scripts/activate
Use only:
./venv/Scripts/activate
Your Script will be activated.
If you are using windows OS then in Gitbash terminal use the following command $source venv/Scripts/activate. This will help you to enter the virtual environment.
Open your project using VS code editor .
Change the default shell in vs code terminal to git bash.
now your project is open with bash console and right path, put
"source venv\Scripts\activate" in Windows
Navigate to your virtualenv folder eg ..\project1_env>
Then type
source scripts/activate
eg ..\project1_env>source scripts/activate
The best way is, using backward slahes and using .bat at the end of activate
C:\Users>your_env_name\Scripts\activate.bat
:: location of bat file
::C:\Users\gaojia\Dropbox\Projects\free_return\venv\Scripts\activate.bat
:: location of the cmd bat file and the ipython notebook
::C:\Users\gaojia\Dropbox\Projects\free_return\scripts\pre_analysis
source ..\..\venv\Scripts\activate
PAUSE
jupyter nbconvert --to html --execute consumer_response_DID.ipynb
PAUSE
Above is my bat file through which I try to execute an ipython notebook. But the cmd window gives me nothing and shut down instantly, any suggestion why would this happen?
I'm using direnv to source my virtualenv when I change into the directory.
/project
.envrc
/env <--- my virtualenv
.envrc
source env/bin/activate
When I change directory into /project I get the output:
direnv: loading .envrc
direnv: export +VIRTUAL_ENV -PS2 ~PATH
It prepends the env directory to my PATH environment variable so when I run which python and which pip both point to python and pip that's in my env directory
=> which python
/USER/project/env/bin/python
=> which pip
/USER/project/env/bin/pip
However it doesn't seem to run source env/bin/activate as I expect it to. I expect it to activate my virtualenv by adding the virtualenv name (env) to my CLI prompt and give access to the deactivate command, neither of that happens. Is there something I'm misunderstanding about how direnv and virtualenv work? I'm new to python so I'm not sure if there are existing tools to do something like this.
I think it's important to understand how direnv works to form a proper mental model first; direnv doesn't load the .envrc directly in the current shell. Instead, it starts a new bash shell, executes the .envrc in there, records the changes in environment and exports the diff bash into the current shell.
What is happening here is that:
virtualenv is using $PS1 to set the prompt. This is a local variable and thus not re-exported. direnv also filters PS1 because it causes segfaults on the old macOS bash when it's unset.
The deactivate() function is not exported from the bash sub-shell as it's not an environment variable.
In practice the activation worked as you noticed. python is in the right path and running pip or easy_install is going to install things in the virtualenv. deactivation is not necessary as direnv will automatically unload the environment when cd-ing out of the directory.
To restore the custom prompt, there is more info available on the wiki: https://github.com/direnv/direnv/wiki/Python#restoring-the-ps1
There is a "hidden" feature to do what you want in direnv. You have to take a look at the toolbox that is loaded by direnv for you to use in the .envrc files. You can use the layout command with python (layout python3) to activate a virtualenv on entering the dir, and deactivating it when exiting the directory. It will even take care of creating the virtualenv the first time.
Also take a look at source_up that keep loading .envrc files higher in the file system. I start all my projects by creating a .envrc file with the following:
layout python3
source_up
This will create, activate and deactivate a python virtualenv automatically, and keep on reading variables from higher-level .envrc files. Environement variables for the current project only will go in the local .envrc.
I have a command that only runs correctly inside a Python virtual environment I've configured (as intended). I know that I can run the command as
$ cmd args
once I've activated the venv. But (due to the constraints of the tool I'm using) I need to activate run (and deactivate?) in one line: something equivalent to running
$ activate_somehow cmd args
outside the command line.
Is there a way to do this?
You can generally run something in a virtual environment simply by using a fully qualified path to the script. For example, if I have:
virtualenv .venv
Then I can install something into that virtual environment without activating it by running:
.venv/bin/pip install foo
This should be true for anything installed using standard Python mechanisms.
After looking into the generated bin/activate script, it seems like the only thing relevant to python is the VIRTUAL_ENV variable, so this should be enough to get going:
$ env VIRTUAL_ENV=path/to/venv python ...
Note that the python executable in the bin directory of target environment is just a symlink to globally installed interpreter, which does nothing other that setting process executable path. Assuming the program does not make use of it, utilizing the main binary itself seems harmless. In case you have installed a package which in turn installs some executables, just specify the absolute path:
$ env VIRTUAL_ENV=path/to/venv path/to/venv/bin/executable
You can create a simple wrapper script which runs activate, executes your command, and then deactivates simply by exiting the script in which your environment was activated.
#!/bin/sh
. ${venv-./env}/bin/activate
"$#"
This lets you set the environment variable venv to the path of the environment you want to use, or else uses ./env if it is unset. Perhaps a better design would be to pass the env as the first parameter:
#!/bin/sh
. "$1"/bin/activate
shift
"$#"
Either way, save this somewhere in your PATH ($HOME/bin is a common choice for your private scripts) and give it executable permission.
I found venv-run which should do what you ask:
pip install venv-run
venv-run cmd args
Larsk's answer is probably cleaner, but this is another possible way.
Assuming you use UNIX and your user is user and you have a virtual environment in home (any) directory, ie /home/user/venv, you can make a script like:
#!/bin/sh
export VIRTUAL_ENV=/home/user/venv
export PATH=/home/user/venv/bin:$PATH
python3 "$#"
We can make this script executable (eg call it venv-python3 and do chmod +x venv-python3) and call it as such, or put it some place discoverable in PATH - let's say alongside python. Assuming you have sudo rights:
sudo cp venv-python3 /usr/bin/venv-python3
Then we can call that instead of the python callable. Since the variables are set within the script, explicit call on deactivate is not necessary at exit.
Example:
user#machine ~ % venv-python3 --help
This works for at least for virtualenv version 20.0.17 but if adopted, you should be keeping an eye on what variables bin/activate sets, if this ever changes.
Yes, you can execute the python file using a virtual environment in a single line of command on windows.
venv\Scripts\activate&&python fall_detector.py
I installed pgadmin4 in my home directory in a virtual environment called "pgadmin4".
I use fish shell and it runs perfectly fine with:
~/pgadmin4/bin/python3 ~/pgadmin4/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pgadmin4/pgAdmin4.py
Just in case this helps somebody.
I am running a program using virtualenv. But the multiprocessing.Process spawned here uses system python by default. How do I force it to use virtualenv python.
import os
from multiprocessing import Process
def function1():
# do_something_here
p = Process(func2(), args=(param,))
p.start()
return something
def func2(param):
os.system("which python")
Here it prints "/usr/bin/python". But I need it to use virtualenv python instead.
With sudo venv/bin/python, you effectively activated virtualenv by using python executable in virtualenv directly.
multiprocessing.Process spawn child process with fork(), without exec(), it uses exactly the same python executable as the parent process.
You could confirm python executable in-use by:
>>> import sys
>>> print(sys.executable)
/Users/georgexsh/workspace/tmp/venv/bin/python
>>> print(sys.exec_prefix)
/Users/georgexsh/workspace/tmp/venv/bin/..
Do not use which to determine running python executable path. which, as a Bash command, searches each element of $PATH, for a directory containing an executable file named "python", as you use virtualenv's python directly, not by run its shell activate script first, $PATH not get patched with virtualenv's, as a result, shell command which python would output path of the system python executable.
In fact, at python layer, $PATH is irrelevant, patching $PATH is for the convenience at the Bash layer, to invoke python executable in the virtualenv path by just typing "python", rather than typing full path, What matters most is which python executable is invoked, but not how it is get invoked.
Your problem is here (copied your comment):
#georgexsh I was running it using sudo. By default if you use sudo
then it will use system python. So, I have used "sudo venv/bin/python
main.py" to run the program. Even though I am using venv's python here
it returns "/usr/bin/python" for "os.system('which python')". I don't
understand this behaviour
Basically, what you explain here is something where your virtualenv is not active.
When you activate a virtualenv (. venv/bin/activate), the activation script will change your environment so that your PYTHONPATH is correct and Python executable is searched (and found) first in the virtual env directory. This is what virtualenv does.
By just executing the Python binary from virtualenv directories, your environment is not set for the virtual environment, so any subsequent calls to Python use your default path - as virtualenv is not there to override it.
When you execute sudo, a new process/shell is created and it does not inherit your virtual environment. You might be able to use sudo -E to pass environment but it depends on your sudo. The bulletproof version that should work in every environment is to execute a shell that first activates virtualenv and then executes your script. Something like this:
sudo -- bash -c ". /home/test/mytest/bin/activate; which python"
This executes a bash shell as root, then activates the virtual environment and finally tells you which python it uses. Just modify the above command with your virtual environment path and it might even work.
If your system is shared, just keep in mind that this is a horrible thing to allow your regular users do from security perspective. If you create a passwordless sudo for your regular users to do this, it would give them root access with little tweaking. If it is your own system and the requirement is the knowledge of root password anyway, it does not matter.
I have a bash script that I'm trying to execute anytime an hg update occurs. The goal of this bash script is to switch to the correct virtualenv. For the sake of simplicity, this script is called .test - shown as follows:
#!/bin/bash
echo 'testing hg update hook'
source ~/.virtualenvs/myvirtualenv/bin/activate
Whenever I call this script from my shell using source .test everythying works properly; I can see the results of echo and my shell changes to reflect the activated virtualenv
However,when I do an hg update, the virtualenv is not being activated. The script is firing as I can see the echo result; however, my shell is not updated to reflect the activated virtualenv. Below is the hook setup in my .hg/hgrc file is below. Any ideas why my virtualenv isn't being activated in this hook?
[hooks]
# Update to the correct virtualenv when switching branches (hg update branchname)
update = source .test
UPDATE 1: Per this answer, I don't believe the hg update hook is firing in my current shell; which is why the virtualenv activates when I run the script manually but fails from the hook
Your problem is that when you invoke a shell script, any changes to the environment variables do not get exported to the calling shell (hence why you need to call source activate from the surrounding shell).
The good news is that you don't strictly need to call activate in order to access a virtual environment. What activate will do is:
Add the virtualenv's bin directory to $PATH.
Set the VIRTUAL_ENV environment variable.
Modify your prompt.
None of this is necessary in order to use the virtualenv, and you can execute the python binary in the virtualenv without ever using the script; the prompt is likely not relevant for your use case, you can add the directory (or just the python executable) to your path by symlinking it, and you need the VIRTUAL_ENV environment variable only for software that for some reason needs to be aware of the virtualenv it's running in. If necessary, you can figure it out from sys.executable. For example:
import sys, os
def find_venv():
python = sys.executable
for i in xrange(10):
if not os.path.islink(python):
break
python = os.path.realpath(python)
return os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(python))
if not os.environ.has_key("VIRTUAL_ENV"):
os.environ["VIRTUAL_ENV"] = find_venv()