Sometimes when I'm inputting for the below code, it will display two outputs instead of just one. Also, it I choose a number too low, it will display "Pick a number between 1 through 10" instead of "that's a little too low, pick again!".
Something else I've noticed is I will start inputting from 1 all the way up to 10 but I will often times not get the message, "You guessed it, you won!"
I've attached the picture of my code, what am I doing wrong? Is there something missing?
My Code
Output Example
Two outputs are displayed as you are using print(input(, which is unnecessary as replies to input statement will already show in the console. You are printing the input even though it's already there.
As for why you sometimes don't get the You guessed it, you won! message, it's because you don't change guess after a new guess it's entered.
Here's what that part of your code should look like:
while True:
if guess < random_number:
guess = input("That's a little too low, pick again!: \n")
elif guess > random_number:
guess = input("That's a little too high, pick again!: \n")
Also I'm not sure what you're trying to do with if play_again == "y", that won't replay the game and in fact causes a TypeError.
IMAGE HERE I'm making a project on python and this IF statement is not executing the required response even tho the two values are exactly the same. songs[random_number] and user_guess have the same values Please help, I have tried everything and made sure the two variables are IDENTICAL but it is still not working. It should be printing out 'WELL DONE' but is not.
Thanks
Jack
if songs[random_number] == user_guess:
print("Well Done, you have guessed correctly!")
guess_counter = guess_counter + 1
else:
guess_counter = guess_counter + 1
print("Incorrect, Try Again!")
#BELOW IS THE 2 VALUES PRINTED OUT BEFORE THE IF EXECUTES
Welcome to the game!
Y_____3_____ by:Busted
Enter your guess at the full title of the song:Year 3000
Year 3000
Year 3000
Incorrect, Try Again!
You might be using a input() statement, which always returns a string type. Often times Boolean checks with binary operators don't return expected results because the type() is different. Try checking if not only the characters are identical but also the data types.
I have solved this now, if you have the same issue with an extra line being read in from an external file visit this link to see if it can solve your issue.
https://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/2001-December/010357.html
Thanks for everyone who helped and identified that an extra line had been read in.
This is the line of code that needed to be modified with '[:-1]' :
songs.append(line[:-1])
so I'm having a few thoughts about this challenge. I'm supposed to, instead of guess a number that the program is randomly picking from 1-100 this time myself pick a number randomly and have the program guess it.
So I made it work but its not exactly what I want it to be, here is what I got so far tho:
#I'm deciding to go with number 43.
import random
print("Hello computer, welcome to my guessing game!")
guess_list=[]
computer_guess=""
tries=1
while computer_guess!=43:
computer_guess =(random.randint(1, 100))
if computer_guess in guess_list:
continue
elif computer_guess==43:
break
else:
print("Is the number you're thinking of ",computer_guess,"?")
guess_list.append(computer_guess)
tries+=1
print("I finally got it! Your number was 43 and it only took me",tries,"tries!")
I kind of wanted to make it so that, based on what I reply the program understands( and repicks a number ) diffrently.
Basiclly I tried adding this:
if response=="I'm thinking of a higher number, keep guessing!":
computer_guess=(random.randint(int(computer_guess),100))
if response=="I'm thinking of a lower number, keep guessing!":
computer_guess=random.randint(1,int(computer_guess))
My thought was to answer based on its previous guess and have it correct itself("too high, or "too low"). I do understand I cant have computer_guess inside of computer_guess, but I'm not sure what to do here. If its worht mentioning I'm doing this on my sparetime so sadly I dont have any professor to ask on the subject.
Should I just keep it simple or is it easy making this adjustment?
Thanks,
Etil
Well, the computer must guess whatever numbers, the easiest solution would be for the computer to guess 1, if that isn't correct then guess 2 etc, but that would mean traversing all the numbers and asking n times the user for an answer (quite annoying).
FIRST: I would change your hardcoded 43 for a number that you choose.
THEN: You can make your program guess 1 by one (That works)
THEN: Explore more efficient solutions (e.g go to (max+min/2) and ask the user if higher, equal etc if higher reset your min to be ((max+min)/2) and do not touch max, if lower reset your max to be max+min/2 and repeat.
That is also way more efficient as you don't have to keep track of what the computer guessed, eventually it would get there.
Hope that helps!
Okay, so I have had some help with some fellow users on this website and I found you can't just ask someone for code. I am not. I want to know some of the variables and stuff needed to code.
1) Need to have a raw_input so the user can type in their number.
- I have seen you type:
raw_input("Please insert a number: ") #This allows you the user to type in a number.
2) Need to have if, elif and else statements in my code to stop the user from typing in Anything but numerical values
-I think you need this:
if raw_input == '£' or '$' or '%' ETC
but I think that might take too long :( Need help to make my if statements
3) Need to stop the user from entering a value below 1 and above 256.
I think you need this:
if raw_input > 256:
return("Enter a value below 256")
elif raw_input < 1: return("Enter a value above 1")
4) Need to have the binary number presented as an '8 bit'
Example "00000111" same as "111".
Thanks, all information will be useful and I will try to reply to all of yous! Thanks!!!
First of all, welcome to StackOverflow. It looks like you've been burned on questions in the past, and probably rightly so. This site is not typically well-suited for rank amateurs, who are better suited looking up a tutorial or reading documentation.
That said, you seem earnest in your efforts and have phrased the question in a meaningful way, so let me try to help:
1) Need to have a raw_input so the user can type in their number
That's correct, the way you store user input in Python2 is raw_input, as such:
variable_name = raw_input("Prompt")
2 and 3) Input validation
Basically both these points are the same -- how do I make sure my user entered data that's appropriate? There's lots of schools of thought on this, and you should read the difference between EAFP and LBYL coding, as well as concepts like duck-typing and etc. For now, let me just show you what I would do.
number = raw_input("prompt")
try:
number = int(number)
except ValueError:
# the user entered a value that can't be converted
# to an integer, e.g. letters or a decimal number
# so you'd handle that here, maybe with...
print("Invalid number")
if 1 <= number <= 255:
# user has entered a number below 1 or above 256
# handle it as above, probably ending with:
return
4) Conversion and return of value
Once you've done all the steps above, your number is GUARANTEED to either have thrown an error or be an integer between 1-256. From this point on, it's smooth sailing, just return the binary representation of that number (which is done with the built-in bin)
else:
# number is now an integer between 1-256
return bin(number) # bin(x) returns the number in base 2
Clarification
There are some terms here you've never seen before, so let me explain.
try:
do_a_thing()
except Exception:
handle_exception()
This is called a try/except block, and you use them when you're expecting the thing you're doing inside the block might throw an exception. For instance I might do:
try:
f = open("path/to/a/file.txt", "r") # open a file in read mode
except (IOError,FileNotFoundError,PermissionError):
print("Can't open that file because of an error")
I know when I try to open a file, it might fail if another application has it open, or if I'm not able to access the drive it's on, or even if the file doesn't exist! I then specify underneath how my code should handle each situation, and could even do
try:
f = open("path/to/a/file.txt","r")
except IOError:
handle_IOError()
except FileNotFoundError:
make_file("path/to/a/file.txt")
except PermissionError:
get_permission('path/to/a/file.txt')
To handle multiple errors in different ways.
Final Product
If this were my code, I would write it like this:
def get_binary(value):
try:
value = int(value)
assert 1 >= value >= 255
except ValueError:
raise TypeError("Value must be an integer")
except AssertionError:
raise ValueError("Value must be between 1-255")
return bin(value)
user_in = raw_input("Enter a number between 1-255: ")
print "The number in binary is {}".format(get_binary(user_in)[2:])
The basic strategy is to see if you can cast your number appropriately to a float (or int, if you prefer). If you can, it's a valid number. If you can't, ask the user for another input.
while (True):
input = raw_input("Please enter a number: ")
try:
number = float(input)
if number < 1 or number > 256:
print("The number must be between 1 and 256 inclusive.")
continue
break
except ValueError:
pass
# do whatever you want with your number here
print(number)
To answer your questions:
"try" means do something that we think might not work quite right, such as making a number out of something the user is entering that isn't a number. If you do that, it causes a ValueError.
So, we "except" or "catch" this ValueError. This is where we could do some sort of error handling code, like print("I said a number!").
continue brings us back to the start of the while loop
break stops the while look and goes to the next line of code.
Make the computer guess a number that the user chooses between 1 and 1000 in no more than 10 guesses.This assignment uses an algorithm called a binary search. After each guess, the algorithm cuts the number of possible answers to search in half. Pseudocode for the complete
program is given below; your task is to turn it into a working python program.
The program should start by printing instructions to the screen, explaining that the user
should pick a number between 1 and 1000 and the computer will guess it in no more than
10 tries. It then starts making guesses, and after each guess it asks the user for feedback.
The user should be instructed to enter -1 if the guess needs to be lower, 0 if it was right,
and 1 if it needs to be higher.When the program guesses correctly, it should report how many guesses were required. If the user enters an invalid response, the instructions should be repeated and the user allowed to try again.
Pseudocode
- Print instructions to the user
-Start with high = 1000, low = 1, and tries = 1
- While high is greater than low
- Guess the average of high and low
- Ask the user to respond to the guess
- Handle the four possible outcomes:
- If the guess was right, print a message that tries guesses were required and quit the program
- If the guess was too high, set high to one less than the guess that was displayed to the user and increment tries
- If the guess was too low, set low to one more than the guess that was displayed to the user and increment tries
- If the user entered an incorrect value, print out the instructions again
- high and low must be equal, so print out the answer and the value of tries
I need some serious help! I don't understand any of this stuff at all!
This is all I have
def main(x, nums, low, high):
input("Enter -1 if the guess needs to be lower, 0 if the guess was right, or 1 if the guess needs to be higher: ")
for i in range (1, 1001):
main()
and I don't even know if it's right!
Before thinking about how to implement this in python (or any language) lets look at the pseudocode, which looks like a pretty good plan to solve the problem.
I would guess that one thing you might be getting stuck on is the way the pseudocode references variables, like high and low. The way to understand variables is to consider them slots that values can be stored. At any given time, a variable has some value, like the number 5, or a reference to an open file. That value can be summoned at any time by using its name, or it can be given a new value by assigning to it, and the old value will be forgotten with the new value taking its place.
The pseudocode references three variables, high, low and tries. It also tells you what their initial values should be. After the second line has executed, those values are set to 1000, 1 and 1, respectively, but they take on new values as the program progresses.
Another feature of the pseudocode is a conditional loop, and a case analysis of the user input. Your translation of the pseudocode's loop is incorrect. In your case, you have created a new variable, i and have instructed your program to run the loop body with every value of i between 1 and 1000. Obviously this doesn't have a whole lot to do with the pseudocode.
Instead what you want to do is loop forever, until some condition (which changes in the loop body) becomes false. In python, the while statement does this. If you're familiar with an if statement, while looks the same, but after the body is done, the condition is re-evaluated and the body is executed again if it is still true.
Finally, the case analysis in the body of the loop requires comparing something to expected values. Although some other languages have a number of ways of expressing this, in python we only have if-elif-else clauses.
Outside of transforming pseudocode to working code, it is probably useful to understand what the program is actually doing. The key here is on line 4, where the program guesses the average of two values. after that the program acts on how well the guess worked out.
In the first run through the loop, with high containing 1000 and low containing 1, the average is 500 (actually the average is 500.5, but since we're averaging whole numbers, python guesses that we want the result of the division to also be an integer). Obviously that guess has only a 0.1% chance of being right, but if it's wrong, the user is expected to tell us if it was too high, or too low. Either way, that answer completely eliminates 50% of the possible guesses.
If, for instance, the user was thinking of a low number, then when the program guessed 500, the user would tell the program that 500 was too high, and then the program wouldn't ever have to guess that the number was in the range of 501 thru 1000. That can save the computer a lot of work.
To put that information to use, the program keeps track of the range of possible values the goal number could be. When the number guessed is too high, the program adjusts its upper bound downward, just below the guess, and if the guess was too low, the program adjusts its lower bound upward to just above the guess.
When the program guesses again, the guess is right in the middle of the possible range, cutting the range in half again. The number of possible guesses went from the original 1000 to 500 in one guess, to 250 in two guesses. If the program has terrible luck, and can't get it two (which is actually pretty likely), then by the third, it has only 125 numbers left to worry about. After the fourth guess, only 62 numbers remain in range. This continues, and after eight guesses, only 3 numbers remain, and the program tries the middle number for its ninth guess. If that turns out to be wrong, only one number is left, and the program guesses it!
This technique of splitting a range in half and then continuing to the closer half is called bisection and appears in a wide range topics of interest to computer science.
How about some CODE! Since i don't want to deprive you of the learning experience, I'll just give you some snippets that might help you along. python is a language designed for interactive exploration, so fire up your interpreter and give this a shot. I'll be posting examples with the prompts shown, don't actually type that.
Here's an example using the while clause:
>>> x = 1000
>>> while x > 1:
... x = x/2
... print x
...
500
250
125
62
31
15
7
3
1
>>> x
1
Getting console input from the user should be done through the raw_input() function. It just returns whatever the user types. This is a little harder to show. To simplify things, after every line of python that requires input, I'll type "Hello World!" (without the quotes)
>>> raw_input()
Hello World!
'Hello World!'
>>> y = raw_input()
Hello World!
>>> print y
Hello World!
>>>
How about some combining of concepts!
>>> myvar = ''
>>> while myvar != 'exit':
... myvar = raw_input()
... if myvar == 'apples':
... print "I like apples"
... elif myvar == 'bananas':
... print "I don't like bananas"
... else:
... print "I've never eaten", myvar
...
apples
I like apples
mangoes
I've never eaten mangoes
bananas
I don't like bananas
exit
I've never eaten exit
>>>
Oops. little bit of a bug there. See if you can fix it!
I don't understand any of this stuff at all!
That's pretty problematic, but, fine, let's do one step at a time! Your homework assignment begins:
Print instructions to the user
So you don't understand ANY of the stuff, you say, so that means you don't understand this part either. Well: "the user" is the person who's running your program. "Instructions" are English sentences that tell him or her what to do to play the game, as per the following quote from this excellently clear and detailed assignment:
The program should start by printing instructions to the screen, explaining
that the user should pick a number between 1 and 1000 and the computer will
guess it in no more than 10 tries.
"print" is a Python instruction that emits information; for example, try a program containing only
print "some information"
to see how it works. OK, can you please edit your answer to show us that you've gotten this point, so we can move to the next one? Feel free to comment here with further questions if any words or concepts I'm using are still too advanced for you, and I'll try to clarify!
You're obviously very new to programming, and I guess that is one of the reasons for a delayed response from the community. It's tough to decide where to start and how to guide you through this whole exercise.
So, before you get a good answer here that includes making you understand what's happening there, and guiding you through building the solution yourself (ideally!) I would suggest you visit this page to try to get a grasp of the actual problem itself.
http://www.openbookproject.net/pybiblio/gasp/course/4-highlow.html
In the meantime, look at all the answers in this thread and keep editing your post so that we know you're getting it.
Doesn't match the psudocode exactly but it works. lol ;)
I know this is a wicked old post but this is the same assignment I got also. Here is what I ended up with:
high = 1000
low = 1
print "Pick a number between 1 and 1000."
print "I will guess your number in 10 tries or less."
print "Or at least i'll try to. ;)"
print "My first guess is 500."
guess = 500
tries = 0
answer = 1
print "Enter 1 if it's higher."
print "Enter -1 if it's lower."
print "Enter 0 if I guessed it!"
print ""
while (answer != 0):
answer = int(raw_input("Am I close?"))
if answer == 1:
tries = tries + 1
low = guess
guess = (high + low) / 2
print "My next guess is:"
print guess
elif answer == -1:
tries = tries + 1
high = guess
guess = (high + low) / 2
print "My next guess is:"
print guess
elif answer == 0:
tries = tries + 1
print "Your number is:"
print guess
print "Yay! I got it! Number of guesses:"
print tries
Okay, the nice part about using Python is that it's almost pseudocode anyway.
Now, let's think about the individual steps:
How do you get the average between high and low?
How do you ask the user if the answerr is correct
What do "if" statements look like in Python, and how would you write the pseudocode out as if statements?
Here's another hint -- you can run python as an interpreter and try individual statements along, so, for example, you could do
high=23
low=7
then compute what you think should be the average or midpoint between them (hint: 15)
Welcome to Stack Overflow!
The trick here is to realize that your Python program should look almost like the pseudocode.
First let's try to understand exactly what the pseudocode is doing. If we had to interact with the program described by the pseudocode, it would look something like this:
Think of a number between 1 and 1000 and press Enter.
>>>
Is it 500? Enter -1 if it's lower, 0 if I guessed right, or 1 if it's higher.
>>> 1
Is it 750? Enter -1 if it's lower, 0 if I guessed right, or 1 if it's higher.
>>> -1
Is it 625? Enter -1 if it's lower, 0 if I guessed right, or 1 if it's higher.
etc.
When we first think of our number, the program knows only that it is between 1 and 1000. It represents this knowledge by setting the variable 'low' to 1 and the variable 'high' to 1000. Its first guess is the average of these numbers, which is 500.
After we tell the program that our number is greater than 500, it updates the value of 'low' to 501. In other words the program then knows that our number is between 501 and 1000. It then guesses the average of 501 and 1000, which is 750. We tell it that our number is lower, so the program updates the value of 'high' to 749 and guesses the average of 501 and 749 next, and so on until it guesses right, or it has narrowed the possible range down to a single number (meaning its next guess will be right).
So back to writing the program in Python: We basically just translate the pseudocode line for line. For example our program loop should look just like it does in the pseucode:
while high > low:
# Guess (high + low) / 2 and ask user to respond
# Handle user response
There is no need for a for-loop as you have in your code.
To take input we can do something like this:
guess = (high + low) / 2
response = input('Is it ' + str(guess) + '? Enter -1 if it's lower, 0 if I guessed right, or 1 if it's higher.')
Now the user input is stored in the variable 'response', and we can handle the possibilities with if statements like 'if response == -1:' for example.
Just remember to print the instructions and set 'high' and 'low' to their initial values before entering the while loop and you should be all set.
Good luck!
Here's a few hints to get you started:
Average = Value + Value + Value [...] / Number of Values; (for instance, ((2 + 5 + 3) / (3))
Many programming languages use different operator precedence. When I am programming, I always use parentheses when I am unsure about operator precedence. In my example above, if you only did 2 + 5 + 3 / 3, the program would do division operations before addition - so it would evaulate to 2 + 5 + (3 / 3), or 2 + 5 + 1 == 7.
Skip this for python users
/*
Secondly: your earliest programs can benefit from const correctness (here is a good explanation of what it is and why it is EXTREMELY good practice). Please read through that and understand why you should use constants (or whatever the python equivalent is). Also look up "magic numbers," which is a big area where constants are used.
*/
Google "Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally" (NOTE: this only deals with mathematical operators, and mostly holds true for programming languages; for a more comprehensive study of operator precedence, look up your chosen language's documentation for precedence - also note that most programs don't have built in power operators, but most standard libraries have pow functions).
Speaking of standard library: Get acquainted with standard library functions (I have never used Python, I don't know how it implements a SL, but I would be extremely surprised if a language that popular didn't have a well developed SL). If you don't know what that is, and your book/tutorial doesn't have it, get a new one. Any resource that doesn't reference a standard library is not worth the time.
Lastly: while this post may look like I know what I'm talking about, I really am still in the early phases of learning, just like you. A few things you might want to get used to early on (when I skipped these parts, it slowed my learning a lot): The use of references and pointers (Q for comments: does Python have pointers?), the difference between the data IN a memory location and the actual memory location (often times, the location of the value in memory will be more useful than the value itself, at least when writing data structures). Especially get used to the standard library; look for copy, find, etc. type functions useful in string manipulation.
Actually, rereading your original post, I did not realize this was a homework type assignment. If you aren't doing this for fun, you will probably never take my advice. Just remember that programming can be extremely fun, if you don't make it a chore - and don't get frustrated when your code doesn't compile (or...interpret), or you get unexpected results, etc.