I have an excel file I am reading in python using the xlrd module. I am extracting the values from each row, adding some additional data and writing it all out to a new text file. However I am running into an issue with cells that contain text with the fraction 3/4. Python reads the value as \xbe, and each time I encounter it, I get this error:
UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character u'\xbe' in position 317: ordinal not in range(128)
I am converting my list of values from each row into a string, have tried the following without success:
row_vals_str = [unicode(str(val), 'utf-8') for val in row_vals]
row_vals_str = [str(val).encode('utf-8') for val in row_vals]
row_vals_str = [str(val).decode() for val in row_vals]
Each time I hit the first occurrence of the 3/4 fraction I get the same error.
How can I convert this to something that can be written to text?
I came across this thread but didn't find an answer: How to convert \xXY encoded characters to UTF-8 in Python?
It is latin-1 group. you can use latin1 to decode the char or replace to different one if you do not need it.
http://www.codetable.net/hex/be
>>> '\xbe'.decode('latin1')
u'\xbe'
>>> '\xbe'.decode('cp1252')
u'\xbe'
>>> '\xbe this is a test'.replace('\xbe','3/4')
'3/4 this is a test'
What actually ending up working was to to decode the string, then encode it, then replace:
row_vals_str = [str(val).decode('latin1').encode('utf8').replace(r'\xbe', '3/4') for val in row_vals]
Related
I am dealing with German text that I'd like to encode and decode to get rid of some characters. For instance, say I have
text = 'führt - möglich'
I would like to obtain:
corrected_text = 'führt - möglich'
If I encode text once using cp1252 and decode the result with utf8, I get:
text.encode('cp1252').decode('utf8')
# 'führt - möglich'
The first word is OK, but there remain some characters to replace in the second word. I can encode/decode a second time to get
text.encode('cp1252').decode('utf8').encode('cp1252').decode('utf8', 'ignore')
# 'fhrt - möglich'
This is now OK for the second word, but the first has a missing ü.
I could code and use this debugging table, together with str.replace(), to solve the above issue. However, I would like to know: given text, is there a way of using encode and decode to get corrected_text?
I am trying run a bash command from my python program which out put the result in a file.I am using os.system to execute the bash command.But I am getting an error as follows:
UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character u'\u201c' in position 793: ordinal not in range(128)
I am not able to understand how to handle it.Please suggest me a solution for it.
Have a look at this Blog post
These messages usually means that you’re trying to either mix Unicode strings with 8-bit strings, or is trying to write Unicode strings to an output file or device that only handles ASCII.
Try to do the following to encode your string:
This can then be used to properly convert input data to Unicode. Assuming the string referred to by value is encoded as UTF-8:
value = unicode(value, "utf-8")
You need to encode your string as:
your_string = your_string.encode('utf-8')
For example:
>>> print(u'\u201c'.encode('utf - 8'))
“
I might be asking this wrong, but please help if I am. I need to establish whether a string contains non-ascii characters in order to separate them from the ones that is purely ascii.
I gather a string from multiple separate files and need to remove the non-ascii containing ones so that I can place the strings in a list to be used further. Without any filtering I get the following error while extracting the strings:
UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character u'\xeb' in position 40: ordinal not in range(128)
I would like to achieve the following:
Read string
if string contains non-ascii
->add to list
else
->do not add to list.
All I need to do is determine the how to filter, I have the rest of the code in tact.
You can attempt to encode the string and use a try/except to detect those that contain non-ascii characters. Something like this might work for you:
ascii_strings = []
non_ascii_strings = []
for s in sequence_of_strings:
try:
if isinstance(s, bytes): # handle Python 3 byte strings
_ = s.decode('ascii')
else:
_ = s.encode('ascii')
ascii_strings.append(s)
except UnicodeError:
non_ascii_strings.append(s)
That's the general idea and it should work in Python 2 and 3.
I have a definition that builds a string composed of UTF-8 encoded characters. The output files are opened using 'w+', "utf-8" arguments.
However, when I try to x.write(string) I get the UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character u'\ufeff' in position 1: ordinal not in range(128)
I assume this is because normally for example you would do `print(u'something'). But I need to use a variable and the quotations in u'_' negate that...
Any suggestions?
EDIT: Actual code here:
source = codecs.open("actionbreak/" + target + '.csv','r', "utf-8")
outTarget = codecs.open("actionbreak/" + newTarget, 'w+', "utf-8")
x = str(actionT(splitList[0], splitList[1]))
outTarget.write(x)
Essentially all this is supposed to be doing is building me a large amount of strings that look similar to this:
[日木曜 Deliverables]= CASE WHEN things = 11
THEN C ELSE 0 END
Are you using codecs.open()? Python 2.7's built-in open() does not support a specific encoding, meaning you have to manually encode non-ascii strings (as others have noted), but codecs.open() does support that and would probably be easier to drop in than manually encoding all the strings.
As you are actually using codecs.open(), going by your added code, and after a bit of looking things up myself, I suggest attempting to open the input and/or output file with encoding "utf-8-sig", which will automatically handle the BOM for UTF-8 (see http://docs.python.org/2/library/codecs.html#encodings-and-unicode, near the bottom of the section) I would think that would only matter for the input file, but if none of those combinations (utf-8-sig/utf-8, utf-8/utf-8-sig, utf-8-sig/utf-8-sig) work, then I believe the most likely situation would be that your input file is encoded in a different Unicode format with BOM, as Python's default UTF-8 codec interprets BOMs as regular characters so the input would not have an issue but output could.
Just noticed this, but... when you use codecs.open(), it expects a Unicode string, not an encoded one; try x = unicode(actionT(splitList[0], splitList[1])).
Your error can also occur when attempting to decode a unicode string (see http://wiki.python.org/moin/UnicodeEncodeError), but I don't think that should be happening unless actionT() or your list-splitting does something to the Unicode strings that causes them to be treated as non-Unicode strings.
In python 2.x there are two types of string: byte string and unicode string. First one contains bytes and last one - unicode code points. It is easy to determine, what type of string it is - unicode string starts with u:
# byte string
>>> 'abc'
'abc'
# unicode string:
>>> u'abc абв'
u'abc \u0430\u0431\u0432'
'abc' chars are the same, because the are in ASCII range. \u0430 is a unicode code point, it is out of ASCII range. "Code point" is python internal representation of unicode points, they can't be saved to file. It is needed to encode them to bytes first. Here how encoded unicode string looks like (as it is encoded, it becomes a byte string):
>>> s = u'abc абв'
>>> s.encode('utf8')
'abc \xd0\xb0\xd0\xb1\xd0\xb2'
This encoded string now can be written to file:
>>> s = u'abc абв'
>>> with open('text.txt', 'w+') as f:
... f.write(s.encode('utf8'))
Now, it is important to remember, what encoding we used when writing to file. Because to be able to read the data, we need to decode the content. Here what data looks like without decoding:
>>> with open('text.txt', 'r') as f:
... content = f.read()
>>> content
'abc \xd0\xb0\xd0\xb1\xd0\xb2'
You see, we've got encoded bytes, exactly the same as in s.encode('utf8'). To decode it is needed to provide coding name:
>>> content.decode('utf8')
u'abc \u0430\u0431\u0432'
After decode, we've got back our unicode string with unicode code points.
>>> print content.decode('utf8')
abc абв
xgord is right, but for further edification it's worth noting exactly what \ufeff means. It's known as a BOM or a byte order mark and basically it's a callback to the early days of unicode when people couldn't agree which way they wanted their unicode to go. Now all unicode documents are prefaced with either an \ufeff or an \uffef depending on which order they decide to arrange their bytes in.
If you hit an error on those characters in the first location you can be sure the issue is that you are not trying to decode it as utf-8, and the file is probably still fine.
EDIT: The error doesn't appear in Prompt, but in the following Google App Engine environment.
I have following json
>>>dat = r"""{"name":"Something", "data":"For youth \n\nBe a hero! Donate blood!\n\u091c\u092f \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926! \u0935\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u0930\u092e\u094d"}"""
It contains unicode escaped characters.
I want to parse this. So I did
>>>jsDat = json.loads(js)
Then following works
>>>name = jsDat.get('name')
>>>name = name.encode('ascii') #This is because json module handles in unicode
>>>print name
Something
But trying for the field with unicode data, that is "data", an error is displayed
>>>data = jsDat.get('data')
UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position 366-367: ordinal not in range(128)
How should I parse the data?
You can't encode unicode to ASCII if the characters exceed the ASCII character set. If you want to force the conversion, and lose data, you can do this:
data = jsDat.get('data')
data = data.encode('ascii', 'ignore')
See the doc for str.encode for more details about the ignore.
As an aside, I'm not sure why you're trying to encode to ASCII - the JSON module seems to handle that raw string just fine?
The error is coming from your 'print' line, and only because you're trying to print to a 'terminal' that doesn't understand the encoding. Doing anything else with the JSON object shouldn't produce errors.