If I have the following timestring:
20150505
How would I convert this into the date May 5, 2015 in Python? So far I've tried:
from datetime import datetime
sd = datetime.strptime('20150504', '%Y%M%d')
But this outputs:
2015-01-04 00:05:00
The capital M denotes minute not month. Use the lowercase m and then call the strftime method to refactor the format:
>>> datetime.strptime('20150504', '%Y%m%d').strftime('%b %d, %Y')
'May 04, 2015'
You can remove the zero padding from the month by using the -d directive in place of d:
%-d Day of the month as a decimal number. (Platform specific)
For longer month names, you can use the directive %B in place of %b to get the full month name.
Reference:
http://strftime.org/
If you know it's a date and not a datetime, or you don't know the format. You can use dateutil.
from dateutil.parser import parse
print(parse('20150504'))
This is the anwser, wihout leading zero for day, as OP's example:
print(sd.strftime('%b %-d, %Y'))
# Jan 4, 2015 # note your sd parsing is wrong. Thus Jan
Related
I am trying to convert a dataframe column "date" from string to datetime. I have this format: "January 1, 2001 Monday".
I tried to use the following:
from dateutil import parser
for index,v in df['date'].items():
df['date'][index] = parser.parse(df['date'][index])
But it gives me the following error:
ValueError: Cannot set non-string value '2001-01-01 00:00:00' into a StringArray.
I checked the datatype of the column "date" and it tells me string type.
This is the snippet of the dataframe:
Any help would be most appreciated!
why don't you try this instead of dateutils, pandas offer much simpler tools such as pd.to_datetime function:
df['date'] = pd.to_datetime(df['date'], format='%B %d, %Y %A')
You need to specify the format for the datetime object in order it to be parsed correctly. The documentation helps with this:
%A is for Weekday as locale’s full name, e.g., Monday
%B is for Month as locale’s full name, e.g., January
%d is for Day of the month as a zero-padded decimal number.
%Y is for Year with century as a decimal number, e.g., 2021.
Combining all of them we have the following function:
from datetime import datetime
def mdy_to_ymd(d):
return datetime.strptime(d, '%B %d, %Y %A').strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
print(mdy_to_ymd('January 1, 2021 Monday'))
> 2021-01-01
One more thing is for your case, .apply() will work faster, thus the code is:
df['date'] = df['date'].apply(lambda x: mdy_to_ymd)
Feel free to add Hour-Minute-Second if needed.
This is the data that is being returned from my API:
"Jun 02, 2021, 2 PMEST"
If I'm within 7 days of the current date which I'm getting by doing this:
from datetime import date
today = date.today()
print("Today's date:", today)
Just need to convert Jun to a number and 02 and compare to see if it's within 7 days in the future of the current date, then return True
APPROACH 0:
Given the format of your example data, you should be able to convert it to a datetime using this code:
datetime.strptime("Jun 02, 2021, 2 PMEST", "%b %d, %Y, %I %p%Z")
The details about this format string are here: https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#strftime-strptime-behavior
However, when I tested this locally, it worked for this input:
"Jun 02, 2021, 2 PMUTC"
but not for your input (which has different timezone):
"Jun 02, 2021, 2 PMEST"
I have investigated this some more and "read the docs" (https://docs.python.org/3/library/time.html).
To get EST parsing to work, you would have to change your OS timezone and reset the time module's timezones like this:
from datetime import datetime
import os
import time
os.environ["TZ"] = "US/Eastern". # change timezone
time.tzset(). # reset time.tzname tuple
datetime.strptime("Jun 02, 2021, 2 PMEST", "%b %d, %Y, %I %p%Z")
When you're done, be safe and delete the "hacked" environment variable:
del os.environ["TZ"]
Note - Since your system timezone is presumably still UTC, it can still parse UTC timezone too.
See this thread for detailed discussion: https://bugs.python.org/issue22377
Also note that the timestamp is not actually captured. The result you get with EST and UTC is a naive datetime object.
APPROACH 1
So, it seems like there is a better way to approach this.
First, you need to pip install dateutils if you don't already have it.
THen do something like this:
from dateutil import parser
from dateutil.tz import gettz
tzinfos = {"EST": gettz("US/Eastern")}
my_datetime = parser.parse("Jun 02, 2021, 2 PM EST", tzinfos=tzinfos)
What's happening here is we use gettz to get timezone information from the timezones listed in usr/share/zoneinfo. Then the parse function can (fuzzy) parse your string (no format needs to be specified!) and returns my_datetime which has timezone information on it. Here are the parser docs: https://dateutil.readthedocs.io/en/stable/parser.html
I don't know how many different timezones you need to deal with so the rest is up to you. Good luck.
Convert the date to a datetime structure and take the direct difference. Note that today must be a datetime, too.
import datetime
date_string = "Jun 02, 2021, 2 PMEST"
today = datetime.datetime.today()
date = datetime.datetime.strptime(date_string,
"%b %d, %Y, %I %p%Z") # Corrected
(date - today).days
#340
I work with api in python3 in this api return date like this
'Jun 29, 2018 12:44:14 AM'
but i need just hours, minute ad second like this
12:44:14
are there a fonction that can format this
It looks like the output is a string. So, you can use string slicing:
x = 'Jun 29, 2018 12:44:18 AM'
time = x[-11:-3]
It's best to use negative indexing here because the day may be single-digit or double-digit, so a solution like time = x[13:21] won't work every time.
If you're inclined, you may wish to use strptime() and strftime() to take your string, convert it into a datetime object, and then convert that into a string in HH:MM:SS format. (You may wish to consult the datetime module documentation for this approach).
Use the datetime module. Use .strptime() to convert string to datetime object and then .strftime() to convert to your required string output. Your sample datetime string is represented as '%b %d, %Y %H:%M:%S %p'
Ex:
import datetime
s = 'Jun 29, 2018 12:44:14 AM'
print( datetime.datetime.strptime(s, '%b %d, %Y %H:%M:%S %p').strftime("%H:%M:%S") )
Output:
12:44:14
how would i convert this timestamp '20141031131429Z' to 31 october 2014 in python
>>>datetime.datetime.strptime( "20141031131429Z", "%Y%m%d%H%M%S%Z" )
the above code gives me an error shown below:
ValueError: time data '20141031131429Z' does not match format '%Y%m%d%H%M%S%Z'
Remove the % in front of the Z:
d = datetime.datetime.strptime("20141031131429Z", "%Y%m%d%H%M%SZ" )
print(d.strftime("%d %B %Y"))
Output:
31 October 2014
Set the documentation for the strftime() and strptime() behavior.
That's not a unix timestamp (which are parsed with %s in strftime/strptime) - it looks like iCalendar form #2 (RFC 2445). A module like iCalendar might help you parse that without having to hardcode which form is used.
Once you have a datetime object, it can be used to retrieve any other format:
>>> dt=datetime.datetime.strptime( "20141031131429Z", "%Y%m%d%H%M%SZ" )
>>> dt.strftime('%d %B %Y')
'31 October 2014'
>>> dt.strftime('%x')
'10/31/14'
I am trying to write a program that asks for the user to input the date in the format mm/dd/yyyy and convert it. So, if the user input 01/01/2009, the program should display January 01, 2009. This is my program so far. I managed to convert the month, but the other elements have a bracket around them so it displays January [01] [2009].
date=input('Enter a date(mm/dd/yyy)')
replace=date.replace('/',' ')
convert=replace.split()
day=convert[1:2]
year=convert[2:4]
for ch in convert:
if ch[:2]=='01':
print('January ',day,year )
Thank you in advance!
Don't reinvent the wheel and use a combination of strptime() and strftime() from datetime module which is a part of python standard library (docs):
>>> from datetime import datetime
>>> date_input = input('Enter a date(mm/dd/yyyy): ')
Enter a date(mm/dd/yyyy): 11/01/2013
>>> date_object = datetime.strptime(date_input, '%m/%d/%Y')
>>> print(date_object.strftime('%B %d, %Y'))
November 01, 2013
You might want to look into python's datetime library which will take care of interpreting dates for you. https://docs.python.org/2/library/datetime.html#module-datetime
from datetime import datetime
d = input('Enter a date(mm/dd/yyy)')
# now convert the string into datetime object given the pattern
d = datetime.strptime(d, "%m/%d/%Y")
# print the datetime in any format you wish.
print d.strftime("%B %d, %Y")
You can check what %m, %d and other identifiers stand for here: https://docs.python.org/2/library/datetime.html#strftime-and-strptime-behavior
As a suggestion use dateutil, which infers the format by itself:
>>> from dateutil.parser import parse
>>> parse('01/05/2009').strftime('%B %d, %Y')
'January 05, 2009'
>>> parse('2009-JAN-5').strftime('%B %d, %Y')
'January 05, 2009'
>>> parse('2009.01.05').strftime('%B %d, %Y')
'January 05, 2009'
Split it by the slashes
convert = replace.split('/')
and then create a dictionary of the months:
months = {1:"January",etc...}
and then to display it do:
print months[convert[0]] + day + year