Develop Reference

How to remove whitespaces in a string except from between certain elements

I have a string similar to (the below one is simplified):
" word= {his or her} whatever "
I want to delete every whitespace except between {}, so that my modified string will be:
"word={his or her}whatever"
lstrip or rstrip doesn't work of course. If I delete all whitespaces the whitespaces between {} are deleted as well. I tried to look up solutions for limiting the replace function to certain areas but even if I found out it I haven't been able to implement it. There are some stuff with regex (I am not sure if they are relevant here) but I haven't been able to understand them.
EDIT: If I wanted to except the area between, say {} and "", that is:
if I wanted to turn this string:
" word= {his or her} and "his or her" whatever "
into this:
"word={his or her}and"his or her"whatever"
What would I change
re.sub(r'\s+(?![^{]*})', '', list_name) into?

See instead going arround re you can replace uisng string.replace. Which will be much more easier and less complex when you playing around strings. Espacillay when you have multiple substitutions you end up bigger regex.
st =" word= {his or her} whatever "
st2=""" word= {his or her} and "his or her" whatever """
new = " ".join(st2.split())
new = new.replace("= ", "=").replace("} ", "}").replace('" ' , '"').replace(' "' , '"')
print(new)
Some outputs
Example 1 output
word={his or her}whatever
Example 2 output
word={his or her}and"his or her"whatever

You can use by replace
def remove(string):
return string.replace(" ", "")
string = 'hell o whatever'
print(remove(string)) // Output: hellowhatever

Python: Remove words from a given string

I'm quite new to programming (and this is my first post to stackoverflow) however am finding this problem quite difficult. I am supposed to remove a given string in this case (WUB) and replace it with a space. For example: song_decoder(WUBWUBAWUBWUBWUBBWUBC) would give the output: A B C. From other questions on this forums I was able to establish that I need to replace "WUB" and to remove whitespace use a split/join. Here is my code:
def song_decoder(song):
song.replace("WUB", " ")
return " ".join(song.split())
I am not sure where I am going wrong with this as I the error of WUB should be replaced by 1 space: 'AWUBBWUBC' should equal 'A B C' after running the code. Any help or pointing me in the right direction would be appreciated.

You're close! str.replace() does not work "in-place"; it returns a new string that has had the requested replacement performed on it.
Return a copy of the string with all occurrences of substring old replaced by new. If the optional argument count is given, only the first count occurrences are replaced.
Do this instead:
def song_decoder(song):
song = song.replace("WUB", " ")
return " ".join(song.split())
For example:
In [14]: song_decoder("BWUBWUBFF")
Out[14]: 'B FF'

Strings are immutable in Python. So changing a string (like you try to do with the "replace" function) does not change your variable "song". It rather creates a new string which you immediately throw away by not assigning it to something. You could do
def song_decoder(song):
result = song.replace("WUB", " ") # replace "WUB" with " "
result = result.split() # split string at whitespaces producing a list
result = " ".join(result) # create string by concatenating list elements around " "s
return result
or, to make it shorter (one could also call it less readable) you can
def song_decoder(song):
return " ".join(song.replace("WUB", " ").split())

Do the both steps in a single line.
def song_decoder(song):
return ' '.join(song.replace('WUB',' ').split())
Result
In [95]: song_decoder("WUBWUBAWUBWUBWUBBWUBC")
Out[95]: 'A B C'

How to print a text without substring in Python

I want to search for a word in the text and then print the text without that word. For example, we have the text "I was with my friend", I want the text be "I with my friend". I have done the following so far:
text=re.compile("[^was]")
val = "I was with my friend"
if text.search(val):
print text.search(val) #in this line it is obvious wrong
else:
print 'no'

val = "I was with my friend"
print val.replace("was ", "")
Output:
I with my friend

If you want to remove what you've found using a regular expression:
match = text.search(val)
if match is not None:
print val.replace(match.group(0), "")
(However, if you were searching for the word was then your pattern is wrong.)

Substitute an empty string if matched.
text=re.compile(r"was")
val = "I was with my friend"
if text.search(val):
print text.sub('',val)
else:
print 'no'
or you can split by match and join again.
if text.search(val):
print(''.join(text.split(val)))

May be something like this:
print val[:val.index('was')] + val[val.index('was ') + 4:]
This example assumes that word is was. But you can define a variable and use that variable
search_word = 'was'
print val[:val.index(search_word)] + val[val.index(search_word) + len(search_word) + 1:]
Also, this only works for the first occurrence of the search_word and doesn't do any validation if it contains the word or not

to search a substring simply do
if 'was' in 'i was with my friend':
print ...

How to make a sentence in Python?

Im using Python 3.2 on Win7. I wrote this using ASCII code:
print (''.join((chr(i+22) for i in (50,75,90,90,99))))
print (''.join((chr(j+22) for j in (44,83,92,94,82,78,75,99,11))))
which as a result writes:
Happy
Birthday!
Now, I'd like to join these two words in one sentence, so it writes:
Happy Birthday!
It seems like a simple thing to do, but I'm new at Python, so could someone help me?
Thanks :)

Do you mean like this?
print (''.join((chr(i+22) for i in (50,75,90,90,99,10,44,83,92,94,82,78,75,99,11))))

To have them on the same line, and the end of the first print statement, type in the parameter end=" ", so the next print statement will print on the same line.

its simple.. just use + operator.
print (''.join((chr(i+22) for i in (50,75,90,90,99))))+" "+ (''.join((chr(j+22) for j in (44,83,92,94,82,78,75,99,11))))

You can ask print() not to add a newline:
print(..., end='')
end, by default, is set to \n.
For your sample, that'd be:
print(''.join((chr(i+22) for i in (50,75,90,90,99))), end=' ')
print(''.join((chr(j+22) for j in (44,83,92,94,82,78,75,99,11))))
printing a space instead of a newline after Happy.
You could also include the space in your list of ASCII codepoints; ASCII space is 32, but you add 22 to your values, so including 10 should do it:
print(''.join((chr(i+22) for i in (50,75,90,90,99,10,44,83,92,94,82,78,75,99,11))))

Print your output using string formatting:
s1 = ''.join((chr(i+22) for i in (50,75,90,90,99)))
s2 = ''.join((chr(j+22) for j in (44,83,92,94,82,78,75,99,11))))
print("%s %s" % (s1, s2))

How to print spaces in Python?

In C++, \n is used, but what do I use in Python?
I don't want to have to use:
print (" ").
This doesn't seem very elegant.
Any help will be greatly appreciated!

Here's a short answer
x=' '
This will print one white space
print(x)
This will print 10 white spaces
print(10*x)
Print 10 whites spaces between Hello and World
print(f"Hello{x*10}World")

If you need to separate certain elements with spaces you could do something like
print "hello", "there"
Notice the comma between "hello" and "there".
If you want to print a new line (i.e. \n) you could just use print without any arguments.

A lone print will output a newline.
print
In 3.x print is a function, therefore:
print()

print("hello" + ' '*50 + "world")

Any of the following will work:
print 'Hello\nWorld'
print 'Hello'
print 'World'
Additionally, if you want to print a blank line (not make a new line), print or print() will work.

First and foremost, for newlines, the simplest thing to do is have separate print statements, like this:
print("Hello")
print("World.")
#the parentheses allow it to work in Python 2, or 3.
To have a line break, and still only one print statement, simply use the "\n" within, as follows:
print("Hello\nWorld.")
Below, I explain spaces, instead of line breaks...
I see allot of people here using the + notation, which personally, I find ugly.
Example of what I find ugly:
x=' ';
print("Hello"+10*x+"world");
The example above is currently, as I type this the top up-voted answer. The programmer is obviously coming into Python from PHP as the ";" syntax at the end of every line, well simple isn't needed. The only reason it doesn't through an error in Python is because semicolons CAN be used in Python, really should only be used when you are trying to place two lines on one, for aesthetic reasons. You shouldn't place these at the end of every line in Python, as it only increases file-size.
Personally, I prefer to use %s notation. In Python 2.7, which I prefer, you don't need the parentheses, "(" and ")". However, you should include them anyways, so your script won't through errors, in Python 3.x, and will run in either.
Let's say you wanted your space to be 8 spaces,
So what I would do would be the following in Python > 3.x
print("Hello", "World.", sep=' '*8, end="\n")
# you don't need to specify end, if you don't want to, but I wanted you to know it was also an option
#if you wanted to have an 8 space prefix, and did not wish to use tabs for some reason, you could do the following.
print("%sHello World." % (' '*8))
The above method will work in Python 2.x as well, but you cannot add the "sep" and "end" arguments, those have to be done manually in Python < 3.
Therefore, to have an 8 space prefix, with a 4 space separator, the syntax which would work in Python 2, or 3 would be:
print("%sHello%sWorld." % (' '*8, ' '*4))
I hope this helps.
P.S. You also could do the following.
>>> prefix=' '*8
>>> sep=' '*2
>>> print("%sHello%sWorld." % (prefix, sep))
Hello World.

rjust() and ljust()
test_string = "HelloWorld"
test_string.rjust(20)
' HelloWorld'
test_string.ljust(20)
'HelloWorld '

Space char is hexadecimal 0x20, decimal 32 and octal \040.
>>> SPACE = 0x20
>>> a = chr(SPACE)
>>> type(a)
<class 'str'>
>>> print(f"'{a}'")
' '

Tryprint
Example:
print "Hello World!"
print
print "Hi!"
Hope this works!:)

this is how to print whitespaces in python.
import string
string.whitespace
'\t\n\x0b\x0c\r '
i.e .
print "hello world"
print "Hello%sworld"%' '
print "hello", "world"
print "Hello "+"world

Sometimes, pprint() in pprint module works wonder, especially for dict variables.

simply assign a variable to () or " ", then when needed type
print(x, x, x, Hello World, x)
or something like that.
Hope this is a little less complicated:)

To print any amount of lines between printed text use:
print("Hello" + '\n' *insert number of whitespace lines+ "World!")
'\n' can be used to make whitespace, multiplied, it will make multiple whitespace lines.

In Python2 there's this.
def Space(j):
i = 0
while i<=j:
print " ",
i+=1
And to use it, the syntax would be:
Space(4);print("Hello world")
I haven't converted it to Python3 yet.

A lot of users gave you answers, but you haven't marked any as an answer.
You add an empty line with print().
You can force a new line inside your string with '\n' like in print('This is one line\nAnd this is another'), therefore you can print 10 empty lines with print('\n'*10)
You can add 50 spaces inside a sting by replicating a one-space string 50 times, you can do that with multiplication 'Before' + ' '*50 + 'after 50 spaces!'
You can pad strings to the left or right, with spaces or a specific character, for that you can use .ljust() or .rjust() for example, you can have 'Hi' and 'Carmen' on new lines, padded with spaces to the left and justified to the right with 'Hi'.rjust(10) + '\n' + 'Carmen'.rjust(10)
I believe these should answer your question.