I've got a program that on launch will open a matplotlib graph of bitcoin prices and will update every time the price changes. Then when I close it a fullscreen tkinter application opens with a background image and a updating clock in the corner. What I would like to happen is when I launch the program a fullscreen tkinter application opens with a background image, an updating clock in the corner, and the matplotlib graph in the middle. Basically I want to embed the matplotlib graph into my application. I've tried putting the graph code into my class and calling it but that just gives the results mentioned earlier. I tried replacing the plt.show() with this:
canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, self)
canvas.show()
canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
but then the program wasn't launching at all. No matter where I put it in the script it would give errors like ''self' is not defined' when I directly replaced plt.show()with it and ''canvas' is not defined' when I tried to integrate it into the class. Here is the full code below:
from tkinter import *
from PIL import ImageTk, Image
import os
import time
import requests
import tkinter as tk
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as animation
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use("TkAgg")
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2TkAgg
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import matplotlib.animation as animation
from matplotlib import style
from tkinter import ttk
import urllib
import json
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
fig = plt.figure()
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)
class App(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
# call the __init__ method of Tk class to create the main window
tk.Tk.__init__(self)
# background image
img = ImageTk.PhotoImage(Image.open("0.png"))
panel = Label(self, image=img)
panel.pack()
# clock
self.label = tk.Label(self, text="", font=('comic',50,'bold'),
bg='#464545', fg='#1681BE')
self.label.place(height=204, width=484, x=1384, y=824)
self.update_clock()
# window geometry
w, h = self.winfo_screenwidth(), self.winfo_screenheight()
self.geometry("%dx%d+0+0" % (w, h))
self.overrideredirect(True)
self.mainloop()
def update_clock(self):
now = time.strftime('%H:%M:%S')
self.label.configure(text=now)
self.after(1000, self.update_clock)
def animate(self):
dataLink = 'https://btc-e.com/api/3/trades/btc_usd?limit=2000d'
data = urllib.request.urlopen(dataLink)
data = data.read().decode("utf-8")
data = json.loads(data)
data = data["btc_usd"]
data = pd.DataFrame(data)
buys = data[(data['type']=="ask")]
buys["datestamp"] = np.array(buys["timestamp"]).astype("datetime64[s]")
buyDates = (buys["datestamp"]).tolist()
plot(buyDates, buys["price"])
xlabel('time')
ylabel('Temperature')
title('Temperature Chart')
grid(True)
ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, interval=1000)
plt.show()
app = App()
There are a few dependable's like '0.png' which is the background image and of course the many modules but any feedback would be much appreciated.
plt.show() will open a new dedicated GUI window to host the figure(s) currently present in the matplotlib state machine. If you don't want that, don't use plt.show().
To be on the save side, best don't use pyplot at all as even such innocent commands as plt.xticks() can cause a new window to open.
Also, get rid of from pylab import *. Pylab is a construct which includes several packages like numpy and pyplot in a single namespace. This may be desired for interactive notebook-like applications, but is usually a bad idea for scripts, as it makes debugging very cumbersome. Instead, try to fully stick to matplotlib API commands.
This linked question actually is an example of how to use FigureCanvasTkAgg and NavigationToolbar2Tk to embed a figure into tk.
A better start might be to look at the matplotlib example page where a minimal example for tk embedding is presented.
Related
I am trying to implement a navigation toolbar that works with my graph that is embedded into Tkinter. When displayed, it looks broken, with the icons pushed into the bottom right corner and the buttons do not work correctly and sometimes get stuck. I am on MacOS BigSur.
Code to replicate:
import tkinter as tk
from PIL import ImageTk, Image
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import (FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2Tk)
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
root = tk.Tk()
figure = Figure(figsize = (7.5, 5.19), dpi = 100)
line = figure.add_subplot(111)
canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(figure, master = root)
canvasToolBar = NavigationToolbar2Tk(canvas, window = root)
canvas.get_tk_widget().pack()
canvasToolBar.pack()
line.plot([0,1,2,3,4,5], [0,1,2,3,4,5], marker='o')
canvas.draw()
root.mainloop()
I have noticed previously that some elements of Tkinter work incorrectly on a Mac system, so is this another problem Mac users will face or is the implementation of the toolbar incorrect?
Can anyone help me here? The textvariable is not being updated when I add the line:
f = plt.figure(0, figsize=(20,9))
If I comment the line above, then I see the textvariable being updated in the Label, but as soon as I uncomment the line, the Label is not updated anymore.
Can anyone help me, please?
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import StringVar
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.artist as artists
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2Tk
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import matplotlib.animation as animation
f = plt.figure(0, figsize=(20,9))
class make_window():
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.win = Tk()
self.win.title("Test")
self.win.state("zoomed")
Frame = ttk.Frame(self.win)
Frame.pack()
labelVar = StringVar()
labelVar.set("Hi")
self.LabelUpdate = Label(Frame, textvariable = labelVar)
self.LabelUpdate.pack()
#################################################################################
window = make_window()
window.win.mainloop()
I have noticed a few issues that you need to address.
First the way you are importing (from tkinter import *) is going to cause problems and in fact here in this case you make the kind of mistake this import is known for. Later in your code you do Frame = ttk.Frame() and this one line is actually overriding the Frame import from from tkinter import *. Do not name your variables the same as built in methods. In order to prevent this kind of mistake you can simply do import tkinter as tk and always use the tk. prefix to prevent any overriding in your code.
Next I noticed your Label does pack to the screen but does not show any text oddly enough but when I comment out f = plt.figure(0, figsize=(20,9)) the Label starts to work as expected.
So there is some odd interaction here with matplotlib and this label.
When I change f = plt.figure(0, figsize=(20,9)) to f = Figure(figsize=(20,9)) the label also works again.
If Figure() is not exactly what you are trying to use here then please add some more context to your code as to what you are expecting to do with f.
Update:
I did also notice that when you move f to be after self.win = tk.Tk() the code works fine. My only guess as to why this is happening is possible how matplotlib does have its own tkinter code in it. So if you try to create a plt.figure before you create your tkinter instance then I imaging in the back end a tkinter instance is being ran by matplotlib and this is what is causing the odd behavior. I could be wrong but I cannot think of anything else. Maybe the Tkinter master Bryan Oakley can enlighten us as to what is causing this :D
import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.ttk as ttk
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.artist as artists
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2Tk
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import matplotlib.animation as animation
class make_window():
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.win = tk.Tk()
# moving the line to here should at least allow your code to work.
f = plt.figure(0, figsize=(20,9))
self.win.title("Test")
self.win.state("zoomed")
frame = ttk.Frame(self.win)
frame.pack()
labelVar = tk.StringVar()
labelVar.set("Hi")
self.LabelUpdate = tk.Label(frame, textvariable = labelVar)
self.LabelUpdate.pack()
window = make_window()
window.win.mainloop()
I'm trying to capture and save to a file whole QWidget window with several matplotlib plots.
I'm adding matplotlib axes to the widget as below:
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
win = QtGui.QWidget()
grid = QtGui.QGridLayout()
fig = plt.figure()
axs = fig.add_subplot(111)
axs.plot([1,2,3,4],[5,6,7,8])
canv = FigureCanvas(fig)
canv.setMaximumHeight(100)
grid.addWidget(canv, 0, 0)
grid.addWidget(QtGui.QLabel('Label'),1,0)
win.setLayout(grid)
win.show()
win.setFixedSize(150,100)
Output window looks ok (output.png - from external print-screen app).
But when I try to capture the output window to the QPixmap object by:
sshot = QtGui.QPixmap.grabWidget(ow)
sshot.save('tmp.png')
tmp.jpg doesn't contain matplotlib figure (tmp.png).
Even when I try to capture whole desktop:
sshot = QtGui.QPixmap.grabWindow(app.desktop().winId())
sshot.save('desktop.png')
the matplotlib figure is empty (desktop.png).
Three screen-shots
How can I capture the whole window without blank matplotlib figures?
Cheers,
Pawel
How can I update a matplotlib plot event driven?
Background:
I wanna program a tool that displays me measured values I receive via a serial port.
These values will be send by a serial connected device when it has measured values and not when the host requests.
Current State:
It seems there is no way to update a plot manually.
When I call the plot()-function more than one time the new plots will be added. Similar to MATLAB or Octave, when you use the "hold on"-Option.
This ends after about 10 calls. Then it is freezed.
When I clear the figures before update, the whole plot disappears.
At least, when the plot is embedded in a window.
Neither draw() nor show() provide a remedy.
When I use a single plot figure, there is no easy way to update, because after the call of show(), the program flow sticks at this line, until the Window is closed. So the update has to be done in a separate thread.
Both problems will be solved, when I use an animation:
import sys
from PyQt4.QtGui import QApplication, QMainWindow, QDockWidget, QVBoxLayout,QTabWidget, QWidget
from PyQt4.QtCore import Qt
from matplotlib import pyplot, animation
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg
from random import randint
a = QApplication(sys.argv)
w = QMainWindow()
t = QTabWidget(w)
Tab1 = QWidget()
t.addTab(Tab1, '1st Plot')
t.resize(1280, 300)
x = [1, 2, 3]
Fig1 = pyplot.Figure();
Plot = Fig1.add_subplot(111);
Plot.plot(x)
Plot.grid();
layout = QVBoxLayout();
layout.addWidget(FigureCanvasQTAgg(Fig1));
Tab1.setLayout(layout);
def UpdateFunction(i):
x.append(randint(0, 10));
Plot.clear();
Plot.plot(x);
Plot.grid();
Anim = animation.FuncAnimation(Fig1, UpdateFunction, interval=500)
w.showMaximized()
sys.exit(a.exec_())
But such an animation is time triggered.
Is there any solution to update event triggered?
The event should be a finished UART read in.
Thank you very much.
Fabian
#tcaswell
Thank you!
This is my actual code:
import sys
from PyQt4.QtGui import QApplication, QMainWindow, QVBoxLayout,QTabWidget, QWidget
from PyQt4.QtCore import SIGNAL
from matplotlib import pyplot
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg
from random import randint
import time
from threading import Thread
a = QApplication(sys.argv)
w = QMainWindow()
t = QTabWidget(w)
Tab1 = QWidget()
t.addTab(Tab1, '1st Plot')
t.resize(1280, 300)
x = [];
x.append(randint(0, 10));
x.append(randint(0, 10));
x.append(randint(0, 10));
Fig1 = pyplot.Figure();
Plot = Fig1.add_subplot(111);
Line, = Plot.plot(x)
Plot.grid();
layout = QVBoxLayout();
layout.addWidget(FigureCanvasQTAgg(Fig1));
Tab1.setLayout(layout);
def triggerUpdate():
while True:
a.emit(SIGNAL('updatePlot()'));
time.sleep(2);
print('update triggered!\n')
def updateFunction():
x.append(randint(0, 10));
#Plot.clear();
Line.set_data(range(len(x)), x);
Fig1.canvas.draw_idle();
print('update done!\n')
a.connect(a, SIGNAL('updatePlot()'), updateFunction)
t = Thread(target=triggerUpdate);
t.start();
w.showMaximized()
sys.exit(a.exec_())
It seems to run, but the content of the plot gets not updated.
The Plot has no canvas. (Although it should have one, otherwise I don't now on what it is plotting when I command it.)
To be honest, I did not understand already the concept of the GUI and plot foo. The missing canvas is covered by its parenting figure. I really don't got it. When there is a figure, what can handle more than one plots, should't each plot have its own canvas?
But I think, here is the problem.
Thank you very much.
When using matplotlib:
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
figure = plt.figure()
ax = figure.add_subplot(111)
ax.plot(x,y)
figure.show() # figure is shown in GUI
# How can I view the figure again after I closed the GUI window?
figure.show() # Exception in Tkinter callback... TclError: this isn't a Tk application
figure.show() # nothing happened
So my questions are:
How can I get the previous plot back if I have called figure.show()?
Is there a more convenient alternative to figure.add_suplot(111) if I have multiple figures and thus from pylab import *; plot(..); show() seems not a solution I'm looking for.
And what I eagerly want is
showfunc(stuff) # or
stuff.showfunc()
where stuff is an object containing all the plots arranged in one picture, and showfunc is STATELESS(I mean, each time I call it, I behaves as if it's first time called). Is this possible when working with matplotlib?
I can't find a satisfactory answer, so I handle this problem by writing a custom Figure class extending matplotlib.figure.Figure and providing a new show() method, which create a gtk.Window object each time called.
import gtk
import sys
import os
import threading
from matplotlib.figure import Figure as MPLFigure
from matplotlib.backends.backend_gtkagg import FigureCanvasGTKAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_gtkagg import NavigationToolbar2GTKAgg as NaviToolbar
class ThreadFigure(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self, figure, count):
threading.Thread.__init__(self)
self.figure = figure
self.count = count
def run(self):
window = gtk.Window()
# window.connect('destroy', gtk.main_quit)
window.set_default_size(640, 480)
window.set_icon_from_file(...) # provide an icon if you care about the looks
window.set_title('MPL Figure #{}'.format(self.count))
window.set_wmclass('MPL Figure', 'MPL Figure')
vbox = gtk.VBox()
window.add(vbox)
canvas = FigureCanvas(self.figure)
vbox.pack_start(canvas)
toolbar = NaviToolbar(canvas, window)
vbox.pack_start(toolbar, expand = False, fill = False)
window.show_all()
# gtk.main() ... should not be called, otherwise BLOCKING
class Figure(MPLFigure):
display_count = 0
def show(self):
Figure.display_count += 1
thrfig = ThreadFigure(self, Figure.display_count)
thrfig.start()
Make this file as start file of IPython. And
figure = Figure()
ax = figure.add_subplot(211)
... (same story as using standard `matplotlib.pyplot` )
figure.show()
# window closed accidentally or intentionally...
figure.show()
# as if `.show()` is never called
Works! I never touched GUI programming, and don't know if this would have any side-effect. Comment freely if you think something should be done that way.