Develop Reference

Screenshot with selenium and python

I need to take a screenshot of my entire screen for some automated tests I need to perform.
I was able to do this, using driver.get_screenshot_as_file , but the problem is that it only takes the picture of the web page, I need to get the whole picture from the browser, since the data I need to check is in the devtools.
Pic:
enter image description here
I need this:
enter image description here
Thankss!

You can use the package pyautogui to get screenshot of the desktop on the os level. This take screenshot of the entire desktop rather than just the webpage.
import pyautogui
pyautogui.screenshot().save('screenshot.png')

Another alternative to pyautogui would be PIL's ImageGrab. The advantage is that you are able to specify a bounding box:
from PIL import ImageGrab
image = ImageGrab.grab(bbox=None) # bbox=None gives you the whole screen
image.save("your_browser.png")
# for later cv2 use:
import numpy
import cv2
image_cv2 = cv2.cvtColor(numpy.array(image), cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
This also makes it possible to adapt to your browser's window size and only capture its specific window. You can get your browsers bounding box as shown in this answer: https://stackoverflow.com/a/3260811/20161430.
From a speed perspective, it doesn't seem to make much of a difference whether you are using pyautogui or PIL.

How to open an image in Paint and save it by Python?

I'm trying to write a code in python that is able to open an image in paint and save it with a different name of the original one.
My code is the follow:
import os
import subprocess
new_path='img.png'
path_img='./img.jpeg'
paintPath = os.path.splitdrive(os.path.expanduser("~"))[0]+r"\WINDOWS\system32\mspaint.exe"
subprocess.call([paintPath, path_img])
At this point, my image appears on Paint, but I would like automatically to save it and close the program, if it is possible. I didn't find any solution online.

PIL image display error "It looks like the image was moved or renamed"

Here is a bit of my code:
from PIL import Image
image = Image.open('fall-foliage-1740841_640.jpg')
image.show()
The error is when the default photo viewer is started and shows the error
"It looks like the image was moved or renamed"
Restarting doesn't help. I am just starting using PIL and can't find a way round this.
I appreciate any help. Thanks!!!

You can just add a prompt to keep the python script from closing.
from PIL import Image
image = Image.open('fall-foliage-1740841_640.jpg')
image.show()
input()
Essentially, The problem is that when the image is opened, it's stored in temporary memory. So when the program closes, the image is not saved and is lost from memory. There for when the Photos app or whatever app you are using to view the image, searches for the image, it's already gone when the script is finished executing.
Hope this helps

Python image recognition with pyautogui

When I try to recognize an image with pyautogui it just says: None
import pyautogui
s = pyautogui.locateOnScreen('Dark.png')
print s
When I ran this code the picture was on my screen but it still failed.

Pyautogui.locateOnScreen has a parameter that specifies the 'confidence' you have in the image you enter.
This way, pyautogui will deal with slight pixel deviations.
For example:
import pyautogui
s = pyautogui.locateOnScreen('Dark.png', confidence=0.9)
print(s)
For more information, see https://buildmedia.readthedocs.org/media/pdf/pyautogui/latest/pyautogui.pdf.

It's pixel perfect.
It can't find the image if it is not 100% match.
For example, I cropped an area with an Opera extension. Then I ran my script with Firefox, and pyautogui did not recognize it.
Don't let your image get resized or compressed by screen capture software or extensions.
Use the same window/screen (size, resolution) as where you saved your screenshot.

On my system, I get this if the picture is on a second monitor. If I move it to the main screen, the image is located successfully.
It looks like multiple-monitor functionality is not yet implemented:
From http://pyautogui.readthedocs.org/en/latest/roadmap.html
Future features planned (specific versions not planned yet):
Find a list of all windows and their captions.
Click coordinates relative to a window, instead of the entire screen.
Make it easier to work on systems with multiple monitors.
...

Unable to show an image using python PIL Image.show

I'm using the Python Imaging Library and I am unable to open an image successfully in Windows Live Photo Gallery. There is a message that shows up saying "There are no photos or videos selected" instead of the image.
This is what I've tried:
import Image
img = Image.open(r"C:\Users\User\Pictures\image.jpg")
img.show()
This is pretty much the same as in the PIL handbook tutorial, so I'm not sure where I'm going wrong.

The documentation says:
On Windows, it [show()] saves the image to a temporary BMP file, and uses the standard BMP display utility to show it.
Problem is that your program exits immediately somehow, the temporary file is deleted upon exit and Windows etc. cannot find it. As a temporary solution, try adding:
import time
# Your code as above
time.sleep(30)
This will make the program wait 30 seconds before exiting. If you prefer, you could make it wait the user to press a key.
EDIT: it seems like you are experiencing problems with temporary files. As a workaround, save the image somewhere on the disk using, say, img.save("C:\Users\User\Pictures\test.jpg") and open it with your favorite image viewer. Whenever you want to show the processed image, call save again and reload the picture in the image viewer.