I am creating a simple GUI program to manage priorities. I am having troubles with adding items to the listbox. I tried to create an instance of Priority class by passing two attributes to the constructor and then use g.listBox.insert(END, item), but it seems it doesn't work like that. I am getting an error:
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/cali/PycharmProjects/priorities/priorities.py
Exception in Tkinter callback Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3.5/tkinter/init.py", line 1553, in call
return self.func(*args) File "/home/cali/PycharmProjects/priorities/priorities.py", line 52, in
addItem
item = Priority(subject = g.textBox.get("1.0", 'end-1c'), priority = g.textBox.get("1.0", 'end-1c')) AttributeError: 'GuiPart' object has no attribute 'textBox'
Process finished with exit code 0
Here is what I have done:
# priorities.py
# GUI program to manage priorities
from tkinter import *
class Priority:
def __init__(self, subject, priority):
self.subject = subject
self.priority = priority
def subject(self):
return self.subject
def priority(self):
return self.priority
class GuiPart:
def __init__(self):
self.root = self.createWindow()
def createWindow(self):
root = Tk()
root.resizable(width = False, height = False)
root.title("Priorities")
return root
def createWidgets(self):
Button(self.root,
text = "Add",
command = self.addItem).grid(row = 2, column = 0, sticky = W + E)
Button(self.root,
text="Remove",
command = self.removeItem).grid(row = 2, column = 1, sticky = W + E)
Button(self.root,
text="Edit",
command = self.editItem).grid(row = 2, column = 2, sticky = W + E)
listBox = Listbox(width = 30).grid(row = 1, sticky = W + E, columnspan = 3)
textBox = Text(height=10, width=30).grid(row = 3, columnspan = 3, sticky = W + E + N + S)
def addItem(self):
item = Priority(subject = g.textBox.get("1.0", 'end-1c'), priority = g.textBox.get("1.0", 'end-1c'))
g.listBox.insert(END, item)
def removeItem(self):
pass
def editItem(self):
pass
class Client:
pass
if __name__ == "__main__":
g = GuiPart()
g.createWidgets()
g.root.mainloop()
I'm using Python 3.5.
So if I understood your aim, you are trying to describe a priority by allowing the user to type, within the text zone widget, its information which consists in its subject and order; after that, the user can click on the "Add" button to insert the priority information into your list box.
There are lot of things to consider around your code. If I go to fix and comment them one by one, I believe my answer will be long while I feel lazy today.
I think my program below is easy to understand (ask a clarification otherwise). I did not find specifications inherent to how the propriety information is typed in the text zone. So my program below works under the assumption the user types the priority subject on the first line of the text area, and then uses a new line to type the priority order. The click on "Add" button will lead to the insertion of these 2 data on the same line of the text box widget as shown below:
Here is an MCVE:
import tkinter as tk
class ProioritiesManager(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, master):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.master = master
self.master.resizable(width = False, height = False)
self.master.title("Priorities")
self.create_buttons()
self.create_listbox()
self.create_priorities_description_zone()
def create_buttons(self):
add_item = tk.Button(self.master, text='Add', command=self.add_item)
add_item.grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=tk.W+tk.E)
remove_item = tk.Button(self.master, text='Remove', command=self.remove_item)
remove_item.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E)
edit_item = tk.Button(self.master, text='Edit', command=self.edit_item)
edit_item.grid(row=2, column=2, sticky=tk.W+tk.E)
def create_listbox(self):
self.item_alternatives = tk.Listbox(self.master, width=30)
self.item_alternatives.grid(row=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, columnspan=3)
def create_priorities_description_zone(self):
self.priority_text_zone = tk.Text(self.master, height=10, width=30)
self.priority_text_zone.grid(row=3, columnspan=3, sticky=tk.W+tk.E+tk.N+tk.S)
def get_priority_subject(self):
return self.priority_text_zone.get('1.0', '1.0 lineend')
def get_priority_order(self):
return self.priority_text_zone.get('2.0', '2.0 lineend')
def add_item(self):
self.item_alternatives.insert(tk.END, self.get_priority_subject()+' '+ self.get_priority_order())
def remove_item(self):
pass
def edit_item(self):
pass
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tk.Tk()
ProioritiesManager(root)
root.mainloop()
If you want to give a good UX to your GUI then it would be nice if you add a button to allow the user to clear the content of the text area so that he can type in a new priority:
For this purpose, you can add a rest button to create_buttons() function by adding these 2 lines of code:
clear_text_area = tk.Button(self.master, text='Reset', command=self.reset_priority_text_zone)
clear_text_area.grid(row=4, column=2)
The callback reset_priority_text_zone() is defined this way:
def reset_priority_text_zone(self):
self.priority_text_zone.delete('1.0', tk.END)
These Lines are causing Error :
listBox = Listbox(width = 30).grid(row = 1, sticky = W + E, columnspan = 3)
textBox = Text(height=10, width=30).grid(row = 3, columnspan = 3, sticky = W + E + N + S)
Do it like this:
self.listBox = Listbox(self.root,width = 30)
self.listBox.grid(row = 1, sticky = W + E, columnspan = 3)
self.textBox = Text(self.root,height=10, width=30)
self.textBox.grid(row = 3, columnspan = 3, sticky = W + E + N + S)
Actually you are not creating listBox and textBox objects instead grid is returning to listBox and textBox
Related
I'm working on developing a GUI for a project and once I put all of this into a class, it is returning saying
Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python33\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1475, in __call__
return self.func(*args)
File "c:\users\ryan\documents\visual studio 2015\Projects\Group_3_Project\Group_3_Project\Group_3_Project.py", line 30, in <lambda>
b1 = Button(root, text = 'Submit', command = (lambda e = ents: getInfo(e)))
NameError: global name 'getInfo' is not defined
Here is my code so far:
from tkinter import*
class GUI:
fields = 'Last Name', 'First Name', 'Field', 'Phone Number', 'Office number'
def getInfo(entries):
for entry in entries:
field = entry[0]
text = entry[1].get()
print('%s: "%s"' % (field, text))
def makeForm(root, fields):
entries = []
for field in fields:
row = Frame(root)
lab = Label(row, width = 15, text = field, anchor = 'w')
ent = Entry(row)
row.pack(side = TOP, fill = X, padx = 5, pady = 5)
lab.pack(side = LEFT)
ent.pack(side = RIGHT, expand = YES, fill = X)
entries.append((field, ent))
return entries
if __name__ == '__main__':
root = Tk()
root.wm_title("HoursWizard")
ents = makeForm(root, fields)
root.bind('<Return>', (lambda event, e = ents: getInfo(e)))
b1 = Button(root, text = 'Submit', command = (lambda e = ents: getInfo(e)))
b2 = Button(root, text = 'Quit', command = root.quit)
b1.pack(side = LEFT, padx = 5, pady = 5)
b2.pack(side = LEFT, padx = 5, pady = 5)
root.mainloop()
I have no idea what is going on and why it isn't working correctly. I'm sure it is an easy fix and I'm just missing something. Any help is appreciated. Thanks!
You should check the official Python tutorial and look at the section on classes. Basically, your scoping and namespaces are not what you think they are. Every class method (unless it's been designated as static) is first passed the instance itself, usually denoted with self. You would then refer to instance attributes with self.myattribute. In getInfo, for example, what you call entries isn't entries at all, but rather the instance of the GUI class that has been created.
I highly recommend you look up some tutorials for how to make an OO Tkinter app. It generally goes like this:
class App:
def __init__(self, parent):
self.parent = parent
self.parent.after(5000, self.other_method) # just a demo
# create buttons, lay out geometry, etc.
def other_method(self):
self.do_print()
def do_print(self):
print('hello world')
root = Tk()
app = App(root)
root.mainloop()
Recently I've changed the layout of my program to include a multi-page window similar to what is in the provided example.
In the original, two-window configuration I had a binding set on each window to highlight all of the text in the Entry widget, based on a condition (no condition present in the example). This was fine.
Upon upgrading to a multi-page window, I tried to combine the callback to highlight text by passing the relevant widget and calling widget.select_range(0, END) as it is done in the example. Now I can't seem to highlight any text on mouse-click.
In addition to this, I've also tested my example code with having a separate callback for each Entry; even this would not highlight the text in the Entry upon clicking on it.
Could this have something to do with lifting frames & where the focus lies? As a test I've added a similar callback for "submitting" the Entry value, and this is working fine. At this point I'm confused as to why this wouldn't work. Any help is greatly appreciated.
UPDATE:
I forgot that to solve the highlighting problem, I've needed to include a return "break" line in the callback that is used to highlight the text.
Now, with this included, I have some very strange behavior with the Entry widgets. I can't click on them unless they have been focused using the tab key.
Is there any way to work around this problem?
Here is the example code I have been playing with (with the updated return statement):
from Tkinter import *
class Window():
def __init__(self, root):
self.root = root
self.s1 = StringVar()
self.s1.set("")
self.s2 = StringVar()
self.s2.set("")
# Frame 1
self.f1 = Frame(root, width = 50, height = 25)
self.f1.grid(column = 0, row = 1, columnspan = 2)
self.page1 = Label(self.f1, text = "This is the first page's entry: ")
self.page1.grid(column = 0, row = 0, sticky = W)
self.page1.grid_columnconfigure(index = 0, minsize = 90)
self.val1 = Label(self.f1, text = self.s1.get(), textvariable = self.s1)
self.val1.grid(column = 1, row = 0, sticky = E)
self.l1 = Label(self.f1, text = "Frame 1 Label")
self.l1.grid(column = 0, row = 1, sticky = W)
self.e1 = Entry(self.f1, width = 25)
self.e1.grid(column = 1, row = 1, sticky = E)
self.e1.bind("<Button-1>", lambda event: self.event(self.e1))
self.e1.bind("<Return>", lambda event: self.submit(self.e1, self.s1))
# Frame 2
self.f2 = Frame(root, width = 50, height = 25)
self.f2.grid(column = 0, row = 1, columnspan = 2)
self.page2 = Label(self.f2, text = "This is the 2nd page's entry: ")
self.page2.grid(column = 0, row = 0, sticky = W)
self.page2.grid_columnconfigure(index = 0, minsize = 90)
self.val2 = Label(self.f2, text = self.s2.get(), textvariable = self.s2)
self.val2.grid(column = 1, row = 0, sticky = E)
self.l2 = Label(self.f2, text = "Frame 2 Label")
self.l2.grid(column = 0, row = 1, sticky = W)
self.e2 = Entry(self.f2, width = 25)
self.e2.grid(column = 1, row = 1, sticky = E)
self.e2.bind("<Button-1>", lambda event: self.event(self.e2))
self.e2.bind("<Return>", lambda event: self.submit(self.e2, self.s2))
self.b1 = Button(root, width = 15, text = "Page 1", command = lambda: self.page(1), relief = SUNKEN)
self.b1.grid(column = 0, row = 0, sticky = E)
# Buttons
self.b2 = Button(root, width = 15, text = "Page 2", command = lambda: self.page(2))
self.b2.grid(column = 1, row = 0, sticky = W)
# Start with Frame 1 lifted
self.f1.lift()
def page(self, val):
self.b1.config(relief = RAISED)
self.b2.config(relief = RAISED)
if val == 1:
self.f1.lift()
self.b1.config(relief = SUNKEN)
else:
self.f2.lift()
self.b2.config(relief = SUNKEN)
def event(self, widget):
widget.select_range(0, END)
return "break"
def submit(self, widget, target):
target.set(widget.get())
root = Tk()
w = Window(root)
root.mainloop()
Well, this has been a productive question. If anyone in the future is doing something similar to this and needs a reference for how to solve the problem:
I was able to work around the problem by forcing the Entry widgets into focus every time I switch frames, and using the return "break" statement that I mention in the question's update.
This isn't ideal, as every time a page is changed you automatically focus on the Entry widget, but once the widget is in focus it's behavior is exactly what I would expect so this isn't of great concern. In my program, if you are changing pages it is quite likely you will use the Entry widget anyway (it is a search entry).
Here's the final changes required to make the code work correctly:
# .... some code ....
self.f1.lift()
self.e1.focus_force()
def page(self, val):
self.b1.config(relief = RAISED)
self.b2.config(relief = RAISED)
if val == 1:
self.f1.lift()
self.b1.config(relief = SUNKEN)
self.e1.focus_force()
else:
self.f2.lift()
self.b2.config(relief = SUNKEN)
self.e2.focus_force()
def event(self, widget):
widget.select_range(0, END)
return "break"
# .... more code ....
When I try to run the code it gives me this nasty error:
Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python33\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1475, in __call__
return self.func(*args)
File "E:\Tkinter\count_num_CHALLENGE.py", line 39, in count_num
for num in range(start, end):
TypeError: 'Entry' object cannot be interpreted as an integer
Please help I don't know what is wrong! I tried int() Around entry but that did not work either If you guys can help me out that would be great. As I am in need of assistance
from tkinter import *
class Application(Frame):
def __init__(self, master):
super(Application, self).__init__(master)
self.grid()
self.create_widgets()
def create_widgets(self):
# Create the instruction Label
Label(self,
text = "Enter a starting number then an ending number."
).grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = W)
# Create the entry box for starting/ending
self.starting_num = Entry(self)
self.starting_num.grid(row = 2, column = 0, sticky = W)
self.ending_num = Entry(self)
self.ending_num.grid(row = 3, column = 0, sticky = W)
# Create the text box
self.result_txt = Text(self, width = 20, height = 10, wrap = WORD)
self.result_txt.grid(row = 4, column = 0, columnspan = 1)
# Submit button
Button(self,
text = "Count the numbers",
command = self.count_num
).grid(row = 5, column = 0, sticky = W)
def count_num(self):
start = self.starting_num
end = self.ending_num
for num in range(start, end):
print(num)
self.result_txt.delete(0.0, END)
self.result_txt.insert(0.0, count_num)
# Main
root = Tk()
root.title("Count the numbers")
app = Application(root)
root.mainloop()
In your code, self.starting_num is an instance of an Entry widget, but you are trying to use it as if it were a number just as the error message is telling you.
I'm going to guess your intent is to use the value of the entry widget, in which case you need to use something like start=int(self.starting_num.get()), though you will need to handle the case where the entry is emply or has non-digits in it. The same goes for ending_num
I'm using Python's Tkinter to create a GUI for a project i'm working on.
When I try to run part of the code though, I get this error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "calculator.py", line 59, in <module>
app = Application()
File "calculator.py", line 28, in __init__
self.create_widgets()
File "calculator.py", line 45, in create_widgets
self.special_chars.create_button(char, self.add_char_event(special_characters[char]))
File "calculator.py", line 20, in create_button
self.button_list += Button(self, text = txt, command = fcn)
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/
lib-tk/Tkinter.py", line 1206, in cget
TypeError: cannot concatenate 'str' and 'int' objects
The problem is that I can't find the file that the error message references; my python2.7/lib-tk folder only contains complied versions (.pyo and .pyc) of Tkinter.
Is there a way to figure out what's going wrong?
Here's the source of calculator.py
from Tkinter import *
from exp import full_eval
from maths import special_characters
class special_char_frame(LabelFrame):
def __init__(self, master = None, text = 'Special Characters'):
LabelFrame.__init__(self, master)
self.grid()
self.button_list = []
def create_button(self, txt, fcn):
self.button_list += Button(self, text = txt, command = fcn)
self.button_list[-1].grid(row = 0)
class Application(Frame):
def __init__(self, master = None):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.grid()
self.create_widgets()
def create_widgets(self):
## equation entry pane
self.text_entry = Entry(self, width = 100)
self.text_entry.grid(row = 0, column = 0)
self.text_entry.bind('<KeyPress-Return>', self.calculate)
## result pane
self.result = StringVar()
self.result_label = Label(self, textvariable = self.result, wraplength = 815, justify = LEFT)
self.result_label.grid(row = 1, column = 0, columnspan = 2, sticky = W)
self.result.set('')
## calculate button
self.calc_button = Button(self, text = 'Calculate', command = self.calculate)
self.calc_button.grid(row = 0, column = 1)
## special character button pane
self.special_chars = special_char_frame(self)
for char in special_characters:
self.special_chars.create_button(char, self.add_char_event(special_characters[char]))
self.special_chars.grid(column = 0, columnspan = 2, row = 2)
def calculate(self, event = None):
try:
self.result.set(full_eval(self.text_entry.get()))
except Exception as error:
raise
#self.result.set(str(error))
self.text_entry.select_range(0, END)
def add_char_event(self, char):
def add_char(self = self, event = None):
self.text_entry.insert(INSERT, char)
return add_char
app = Application()
app.master.title('Calculator')
app.mainloop()
full_eval is a function for evaluating mathematical expressions.
special_characters is a dict containing special characters and their explanations. For now it's just special_characters = {'imaginary unit' : u'\u2148'}
Ok, so I missed this the first time, but the issue is actually that you are trying to add a Button to a list:
self.button_list += Button(self, text = txt, command = fcn)
If you simply wrap the Button in brackets, the error goes away (which makes sense because you are supposed to be able to add two lists):
self.button_list += [Button(self, text = txt, command = fcn)]
ORIGINAL ATTEMPT
My guess:
special_characters is a dictionary. It has key-value mappings where the values are ints. Then, when used in self.text_entry.insert(INSERT, char), text_entry is trying to insert an int into a str and causing the above error. The simple solution: wrap char with str in add_char.
def add_char_event(self, char):
def add_char(self = self, event = None):
self.text_entry.insert(INSERT, str(char))
return add_char
Your other option is to wrap str around the special_characters lookup:
for char in special_characters:
self.special_chars.create_button(char,
self.add_char_event(str(special_characters[char])))
from Tkinter import *
class Application (Frame):
def __init__(self, master):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.grid()
self.create_widgets()
def create_widgets(self):
Label(self, text = "Select the last book you read.").grid (row = 0, column = 0, sticky = W)
self.choice = StringVar()
Radiobutton (self,text = "Nausea by Jean-Paul Sartre",variable = self.choice,
value = "Wake up. This is a dream. This is all only a test of the emergency broadcasting system.",
command = self.update_text).grid (row = 2, column = 1, sticky = W)
Radiobutton (self,
text = "Infinite Jest by David Foster Wallace",
variable = self.choice,
value = "Because an adult borne without the volition to choose the thoughts that he thinks, is going to get hosed ;)",
command = self.update_text).grid (row = 3, column = 1, sticky = W)
Radiobutton (self,
text = "Cat's Cradle by Kurt Vonnegut",
variable = self.choice,
value = " \"Here we are, trapped in the amber of the moment. There is no why!\" ",
command = self.update_text.grid (row = 4, column = 1, sticky = W)
self.txt_display = Text (self, width = 40, height = 5, wrap = WORD)
self.txt_display.grid (row = 6, column = 0, sticky = W)
#There is only one choice value - self.choice. That can be "printed."
def update_text(self):
message = self.choice.get()
self.txt_display.delete (0.0, END)
self.txt_display.insert (0.0, message)
# The Main
root = Tk()
root.title ("The Book Critic One")
root.geometry ("400x400")
app = Application (root)
root.mainloop()
I keep getting a Syntax Error in the self.text_display_delete line which I can't seem to lose.
Any input would be greatly appreciated.
Take a look at the previous line - I only count one closing parenthesis, while you should have two:
Radiobutton (self,
text = "Cat's Cradle by Kurt Vonnegut",
variable = self.choice,
value = " \"Here we are, trapped in the amber of the moment. There is no why!\" ",
command = self.update_text.grid (row = 4, column = 1, sticky = W)) #<-- Missing that second paren
Usually if one line looks clean, the syntax error is on the previous line(s), and 99% of the time it's a missing paren.