Return dataframe with range of dates - python

I need a Python function to return a Pandas DataFrame with range of dates, only year and month, for example, from November 2016 to March 2017 and have this as result:
year month
2016 11
2016 12
2017 01
2017 02
2017 03
My dates are in string format Y-m (from = '2016-11', to = '2017-03'). I'm not sure on turning them to datetime type or to separate them into two different integer values.
Any ideas on how to achieve it properly?

Are you looking at something like this?
pd.date_range('November 2016', 'April 2017', freq = 'M')
You get
DatetimeIndex(['2016-11-30', '2016-12-31', '2017-01-31', '2017-02-28',
'2017-03-31'],
dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='M')
To get dataframe
index = pd.date_range('November 2016', 'April 2017', freq = 'M')
df = pd.DataFrame(index = index)

pd.Series(pd.date_range('2016-11', '2017-4', freq='M').strftime('%Y-%m')) \
.str.split('-', expand=True) \
.rename(columns={0: 'year', 1: 'month'})
year month
0 2016 11
1 2016 12
2 2017 01
3 2017 02
4 2017 03

You can use a combination of pd.to_datetime and pd.date_range.
import pandas as pd
start = 'November 2016'
end = 'March 2017'
s = pd.Series(pd.date_range(*(pd.to_datetime([start, end]) \
+ pd.offsets.MonthEnd()), freq='1M'))
Construct a dataframe using the .dt accessor attributes.
df = pd.DataFrame({'year' : s.dt.year, 'month' : s.dt.month})
df
month year
0 11 2016
1 12 2016
2 1 2017
3 2 2017
4 3 2017

Related

converting str to YYYYmmdd format in python

I have year, month and date in three columns, I am concatenating them to one column then trying to make this column to YYYY/mm/dd format as follows:
dfyz_m_d['dt'] = '01'# to bring one date of each of the month
dfyz_m_d['CalendarWeek1'] = dfyz_m_d['year'].map(str) + dfyz_m_d['mon'].map(str) + dfyz_m_d['dt'].map(str)
dfyz_m_d['CalendarWeek'] = pd.to_datetime(dfyz_m_d['CalendarWeek1'], format='%Y%m%d')
but for both 1 ( jan) and 10 ( Oct) months I am getting only oct in final outcome (CalendarWeek comun doesn't have any Jan. Basically it is retaining all records but Jan month also it is formatting to Oct
The issue is Jan is single digit numerically, so you end up with something like 2021101 which will be interpreted as Oct instead of Jan. Make sure your mon column is always converted to two digit months with leading zeros if needed using .zfill(2):
dfyz_m_d['year'].astype(str) + dfyz_m_d['mon'].astype(str).str.zfill(2) + dfyz_m_d['dt'].astype(str)
zfill example:
df = pd.DataFrame({'mon': [1,2,10]})
df.mon.astype(str).str.zfill(2)
0 01
1 02
2 10
Name: mon, dtype: object
I usually do
pd.to_datetime(df.mon,format='%m').dt.strftime('%m')
0 01
1 02
2 10
Name: mon, dtype: object
Also , if you name the column correctly , notice the name as year month and day
df['day'] = '01'
df['new'] = pd.to_datetime(df.rename(columns={'mon':'month'})).dt.strftime('%m/%d/%Y')
df
year mon day new
0 2020 1 1 01/01/2020
1 2020 1 1 01/01/2020
I like str.pad :)
dfyz_m_d['year'].astype(str) + dfyz_m_d['mon'].astype(str).str.pad(2, 'left', '0') + dfyz_m_d['dt'].astype(str)
It will pad zeros to the left to ensure that the length of the strings will be two. SO 1 becomes 01, but 10 stays to be 10.
You should be able to use pandas.to_datetime with your input dataframe. You may need to rename your columns.
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame({'year': [2015, 2016],
'month': [2, 3],
'dt': [4, 5]})
print(pd.to_datetime(df.rename(columns={"dt": "day"})))
Output
0 2015-02-04
1 2016-03-05
dtype: datetime64[ns]
You can add / between year, mon and dt and amend the format string to include it, as follows:
dfyz_m_d['dt'] = '01'
dfyz_m_d['CalendarWeek1'] = dfyz_m_d['year'].astype(str) + '/' + dfyz_m_d['mon'].astype(str) + '/' + dfyz_m_d['dt'].astype(str)
dfyz_m_d['CalendarWeek'] = pd.to_datetime(dfyz_m_d['CalendarWeek1'], format='%Y/%m/%d')
Data Input
year mon dt
0 2021 1 01
1 2021 2 01
2 2021 10 01
3 2021 11 01
Output
year mon dt CalendarWeek1 CalendarWeek
0 2021 1 01 2021/1/01 2021-01-01
1 2021 2 01 2021/2/01 2021-02-01
2 2021 10 01 2021/10/01 2021-10-01
3 2021 11 01 2021/11/01 2021-11-01
If you want the final output date format be YYYY/mm/dd, you can further use .dt.strftime after pd.to_datetime, as follows:
dfyz_m_d['dt'] = '01'
dfyz_m_d['CalendarWeek1'] = dfyz_m_d['year'].astype(str) + '/' + dfyz_m_d['mon'].astype(str) + '/' + dfyz_m_d['dt'].astype(str)
dfyz_m_d['CalendarWeek'] = pd.to_datetime(dfyz_m_d['CalendarWeek1'], format='%Y/%m/%d').dt.strftime('%Y/%m/%d')
Output
year mon dt CalendarWeek1 CalendarWeek
0 2021 1 01 2021/1/01 2021/01/01
1 2021 2 01 2021/2/01 2021/02/01
2 2021 10 01 2021/10/01 2021/10/01
3 2021 11 01 2021/11/01 2021/11/01

How to set order of sorting MultiIndex

I have dataframe like this:
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
np.random.seed(123)
col_num = 1
row_num = 18
col_names = ['C' + str(x) for x in range(col_num)]
mix = pd.MultiIndex.from_product([['a', 'b'], [ '01 Jan 2011', '02 Feb 2000', '30 Apr 1999'], [1,2,3]])
df = pd.DataFrame(np.round(((np.random.rand(row_num,col_num)* 2 - 1)*100),2), columns = col_names, index = mix)
#df
C0
a 01 Jan 2011 1 39.29
2 -42.77
3 -54.63
02 Feb 2000 1 10.26
2 43.89
3 -15.38
30 Apr 1999 1 96.15
2 36.97
3 -3.81
b 01 Jan 2011 1 -21.58
2 -31.36
3 45.81
02 Feb 2000 1 -12.29
2 -88.06
3 -20.39
30 Apr 1999 1 47.60
2 -63.50
3 -64.91
How to sort MultiIndex in such a way that dates on level 1 are kept in chronological order while preserving sorting on other mix levels as is, including priority of levels ordering (ie: first level 0, then level1 and finally level2).
I need to keep dates as strings in final df. Final df will be pickled. I try to set sorting order of dates before serializing rather than writing sorting function after retrieving df.
Let's create a new MultiIndex after setting the level 1 values mapped to datetime then use argsort on this new index to get the indices that would sort the original dataframe:
idx = df.index.set_levels(pd.to_datetime(df.index.levels[1]), 1)
df1 = df.iloc[np.argsort(idx)]
print(df1)
C0
a 30 Apr 1999 1 96.15
2 36.97
3 -3.81
02 Feb 2000 1 10.26
2 43.89
3 -15.38
01 Jan 2011 1 39.29
2 -42.77
3 -54.63
b 30 Apr 1999 1 47.60
2 -63.50
3 -64.91
02 Feb 2000 1 -12.29
2 -88.06
3 -20.39
01 Jan 2011 1 -21.58
2 -31.36
3 45.81
If one wants to create desired df with sorted index and doesn't mind having categorical index, here is a code to achieve it (probably there is a simpler way but I couldn't find it :).
Start with df from question above.
from datetime import datetime as dt
org_l1 = df.index.get_level_values(1).unique().tolist()
l1_as_date = [dt.strptime(x, '%d %b %Y') for x in org_level1]
l1_as_date.sort()
l1_sorted_as_str = [dt.strftime(x, '%d %b %Y') for x in l1_as_date]
df= df.reset_index()
df.level_1 = df.level_1.astype('category')
df.level_1 = df.level_1.cat.set_categories(l1_sorted_as_str, ordered=True)
df = df.set_index(['level_0', 'level_1', 'level_2'])
df.sort_index(inplace=True)

Pandas DF convert date string to date year and month [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
Extracting just Month and Year separately from Pandas Datetime column
(13 answers)
Closed 2 years ago.
HI all I have a column in a dataframe that looks like:
print(df['Date']):
29-Nov-16
4-Dec-16
1-Oct-16
30-Nov-19
30-Jun-20
28-Apr-16
24-May-16
And i am trying to get an output that looks like
print(df):
Date Month Year
29-Nov-16 Nov 2016
4-Dec-16 Dec 2016
1-Oct-16 Oct 2016
30-Nov-19 Nov 2019
30-Jun-20 Jun 2020
28-Apr-16 Apr 2016
24-May-16 May 2016
I have tried the following:
df['Month'] = pd.datetime(df['Date']).month
df['Year'] = pd.datetime(df['Date']).year
but am getting a TypeError: cannot convert the series to <class 'int'>
Any ideas or references to help out?
Thanks!
Use strftime and str.split and assign them to new columns
df_final = df.assign(**pd.to_datetime(df['Date']).dt.strftime('%b-%Y')
.str.split('-', expand=True)
.set_axis(['Month','Year'], axis=1))
Out[32]:
Date Month Year
0 29-Nov-16 Nov 2016
1 4-Dec-16 Dec 2016
2 1-Oct-16 Oct 2016
3 30-Nov-19 Nov 2019
4 30-Jun-20 Jun 2020
5 28-Apr-16 Apr 2016
6 24-May-16 May 2016
you are missing dt after pd.datetime(df['Date'])
try this:
df['Month'] = pd.datetime(df['Date']).dt.month
df['Year'] = pd.datetime(df['Date']).dt.year

Pivot and rename Pandas dataframe

I have a dataframe in the format
Date Datediff Cumulative_sum
01 January 2019 1 5
02 January 2019 1 7
02 January 2019 2 15
01 January 2019 2 8
01 January 2019 3 13
and I want to pivot the column Datediff from the dataframe such that the end result looks like
Index Day-1 Day-2 Day-3
01 January 2019 5 8 13
02 January 2019 7 15
I have used the pivot command shuch that
pt = pd.pivot_table(df, index = "Date",
columns = "Datediff",
values = "Cumulative_sum") \
.reset_index() \
.set_index("Date"))
which returns the pivoted table
1 2 3
01 January 2019 5 8 13
02 January 2019 7 15
And I can then rename rename the columns using the loop
for column in pt:
pt.rename(columns = {column : "Day-" + str(column)}, inplace = True)
which returns exactly what I want. However, I was wondering if there is a faster way to rename the columns when pivoting and get rid of the loop altogether.
Use DataFrame.add_prefix:
df.add_prefix('Day-')
In your solution:
pt = (pd.pivot_table(df, index = "Date",
columns = "Datediff",
values = "Cumulative_sum")
.add_prefix('Day-'))

pandas rename: change values of index for a specific column only

I have the following pandas dataframe:
Cost
Year Month ID
2016 1 10 40
2 11 50
2017 4 1 60
The columns Year, Month and ID make up the index. I want to set the values within Month to be the name equivalent (e.g. 1 = Jan, 2 = Feb). I've come up with the following code:
df.rename(index={i: calendar.month_abbr[i] for i in range(1, 13)}, inplace=True)
However, this changes the values within every column in the index:
Cost
Year Month ID
2016 Jan 10 40
Feb 11 50
2017 Apr Jan 60 # Jan here is incorrect
I obviously only want to change the values in the Month column. How can I fix this?
use set_levels
m = {1: 'Jan', 2: 'Feb', 4: 'Mar'}
df.index.set_levels(
df.index.levels[1].to_series().map(m).values,
1, inplace=True)
print(df)
Cost
Year Month ID
2016 Jan 10 40
Feb 11 50
2017 Mar 1 60

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