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Which is the easiest way to simulate keyboard and mouse on Python?
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Closed 5 years ago.
I am searching for any module for OSX automation like opening any app via Python and controlling mouse, keyboard via Python etc. I tried with AppleScript but I was wondering if I can access mouse, keyboard and can automate any app on OSX using Python? I found pyauto, If there is any other good Python library, module for OSX automation please let me know.
I too am looking for a good python module to use 'applescript' within python. In fact this is how I got here. I was unable to find anything so I had to come up with my own solution.
What works well for me is to call osascript from within my python programme using the subprocess module.
More precisely, (see the code below for an example), if I want to add something to my calendar I generate the applescript that does it as string in my python programme and then pipe it into osascript.
This is not super elegant and probably also not super fast but it works well. So, I am currently writing a calendar module that has python functions for adding events, getting list of events .... and each generates the applescript as string and calls osascript.
It sounds terrible but works quite well and once you have a module for your favourite programme you don't need to worry anymore about applescript.
One needs a way to encode in the applescript the return data and then decode it in the python programme. As for me most data passed to and from the applescript are dictionary-like, this has not been an issue so far using the re module.
Here is an example to get the uid of the calendar "Birthdays".
The main problem with my method is that I need to write wrapper functions for everything I want to access in applescript. A tiresome process.
The main advantage I see is a) it works and I get where I want and b) it seems future proof. For, if apple at some point discards applescript in favour of javascript or whatever, then all my programmes will still work once I adapted the wrapper modules.
Anyway ...
Hope that helps.
By the way, if anyone knows of a better way let me know. Or if someone does not know of a better way but likes my approach and would be interested in helping writing wrapper modules, let me know as well.
Here is the example.
Best,
Stephan
import subprocess
def asrun(ascript):
"Run the AppleScript ascript and return the standard output and error."
return subprocess.run(['osascript'],
input=ascript,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
encoding="utf-8")
def get_uid_of_calendar(name):
script = '''\
tell application "Calendar"
return uid of calendar "'''+name+'''"
end tell
'''
cal_res = asrun(script)
return cal_res.stdout
get_uid_of_calendar("Birthdays")
Related
Here's a general example of what I need to do:
For example, I would initiate a back trace by sending the command "bt" to GDB from the program. Then I would search for a word such as "pardrivr" and get the line number associated with it by using regular expressions. Then I would input "f [line_number_of_pardriver]" into GDB. This process would be repeated until the correct information is eventually extracted.
I want to use named pipes in bash or python to accomplish this.
Could someone please provide a simple example of how to do this?
My recommendation is not to do this. Instead there are two more supportable ways to go:
Write your code in Python directly in gdb. Gdb has been extensible in Python for several years now.
Use the gdb MI ("Machine Interface") approach. There are libraries available to parse this already (not sure if there is one in Python but I assume so). This is better than parsing gdb's command-line output because some pains are taken to avoid gratuitous breakage -- this is the preferred way for programs to interact with gdb.
I am in the works of creating a python program similar to this
. Anyway what i want to do is have users be able to modify there own programs but i need help understanding how this works. I have looked through the source code and am confused where this happens even if someone could just point me towards that that would be very helpful. I know that the programs will not be sandboxed but that is not something im worried about at the moment. If you could point me in any direction that would be great! Thank you!
The "robot programs" are just stored as plain text files.
There's a general-purpose text editor in editor.py. When you open a robot in a given view, e.g., the Qt4 view in qt4view.py, it just instantiates a text editor and hands it the robot's file. Again, the fact that the robot's file is a Python script doesn't matter; it just edits it as a text file.
The battle code, meanwhile, opens the same robot files as Python code that the text editor opens as text files. You can see this code in game.py: It just uses the subprocess module to run Python, passing the robot file as an argument.
My other answer deals with what you actually asked. But I don't think it's what you really wanted to know.
You just want to know how to run some Python script, that you've got a pathname for, in a separate Python interpreter, right?
While it's possible to figure that out from the pybotwar code, there's a whole lot of extra stuff that will get in the way of understanding it—the conf.py file, the configurable extra flags, etc.
But the answer is simple: Use the subprocess module, just as you would for running any program. In this case, the Python interpreter is the executable (usually you want sys.executable, the same Python interpreter you're using), and the script you want to run as an argument. For example:
script_output = subprocess.check_output([sys.executable, script_path])
The subprocess documentation explains all the different options very nicely.
How to send string/data to STDIN of a running process in python?
i'd like to create a front end for a CLI program. eg. i want to pass multiple string to this Pascal application:
program spam;
var a,b,c:string;
begin
while e <> "no" do
begin
writeln('what is your name?');
readln(a);
writeln('what is your quest?');
readln(b);
writeln('what is your favorite color?');
readln(c);
print(a,b,c);
end;
end.
how do i pass string to this program from python (using subprocess module in python). thankyou. sorry for my english.
If you want to control another interactive program, it could be worth trying the Pexpect module to do so. It is designed to look for prompt messages and so on, and interact with the program. Note that it doesn't currently work directly on Windows - it does work under Cygwin.
A possible non-Cygwin Windows variant is WinPexpect, which I found via this question. One of the answers on that question suggests the latest version of WinPexpect is at http://sage.math.washington.edu/home/goreckc/sage/wexpect/, but looking at the modification dates I think the BitBucket (the first link) is actually the latest.
As Windows terminals are somewhat different to Unix ones, I don't think there is a direct cross-platform solution. However, the WinPexpect docs say the only difference in the API between it and pexpect is the name of the spawn function. You could probably do something like the following (untested) code to get it to work in both:
try:
import pexpect
spawn = pexpect.spawn
except ImportError:
import winpexpect
spawn = winpexpect.winspawn
# NB. Errors may occur when you run spawn rather than (or as
# well as) when you import it, so you may have to wrap this
# up in a try...except block and handle them appropriately.
child = spawn('command and args')
im willing to create a project same as JUNOS cli or cisco cli,
I came through gnu readline, but im confused as there are too many functions and methods to implement. any how i want a cli with auto complete using tab and space bar with question mark to display commands with help text.
I have two questions :
I have found code in python and perl but the im not use to python that code is complete and i just want to know if i should continue with python. im more experienced in perl but the code i found so far isn't complete for perl.
readline.parse_and_bind('tab: complete')
should i use the same complete function for both help and autocomplete feature. where as i have gone through another function
readline.set_completion_display_matches_hook(print_suggestions)
what you suggest :P im completely new to it!
I must say that I struggle to understand which specific point you are addressing in your question. But here is a suggestion anyway:
Start out with the cmd module. It gives you a nice little framework to build a command-line interpreter. It supports tab completion out of the box (provided readline is available). Start implementing your command-line interface. Once this stabilizes you can think about adding more comfort, e.g. tab completion for command arguments, help keys, and the like. This way, you have a working app to deal with, and can address readline details more specifically when you really need them. I wouldn't wade through the whole readline API upfront, if I were in your shoes.
We had to create a cli like JunOS/Cisco/VyOS and we built it on top of ishell, which uses readline for this job.
From the project page:
ishell helps you to easily create an interactive shell for your application. It supports command completion, dynamic arguments, a command history, and chaining of commands.
You can check the project at github: https://github.com/italorossi/ishell
Cisco example:
PS: I'm the author :).
Is there a way to send some parameter from autohotkey to python.
Using Autohot key I read some number from the notepad and store in a variable and now I want to send this number to the python code in order to do some calculations.
My Autohotkey code is:
controlGetText, telphoneNumber, Edit1, Untitled - Notepad
And I want to send this telphoneNumber to python file.
Is there a way I can do that?
Do I need to create an exe file of a python and then call from autohotkey?
For example:
RunWait, C:\Button\button.exe telphoneNumber
Or do I need to run command prompt commands from autohotkey to run python program? Something like:
Run Cmd Python C:\Button\button.py telphoneNumber
I do not know which is the best way as I am newbie in Autohotkey.
Any suggestion will be appreciated.
EDIT:
However I succeded in sending parameter by using run command from autohotkey, which will execute the python file from command prompt.
Run Cmd \k "Python C:\Button\button.py %telphoneNumber%"
But still want to know if this is the right solution, or if there are others?
Inter-process communication would be capable of sending the information while the Python script is already running.
Forum thread: http://www.autohotkey.com/forum/topic21699.html (there's a nice documentation link in that post)
You could also use TCP/IP Network communication (like in the post below), but that probably wouldn't be quite as slick as using IPC.
Forum thread: http://www.autohotkey.com/forum/topic13829.html
The way you got it working is the easiest, and probably best, method of accomplishing what you want.
Communication between applications can be done with more methods then you probably can imagine, but as long as it doesn't have to be realtime you can call your programs with arguments, as it is easy and reliable.
Python COM server allows directly calling Python functions(with args and return) using AHK.
you use it like this: MsgBox % pythonComServer.method(args)
You do not need to have a python script already running.
ComObjCreate() will instantiate an instance of python.
I don't know how the inter-process communication is done in the background by pywin32, but using it is simple.
2 examples here: Call python function with arguments and get returned value in autohotkey