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How to right-align numeric data?
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Closed 5 years ago.
I'm trying to get the following exercise:
"Write a program containing a pair of neste while loops that displays the integer values 1-100, ten numbers per row, with the columns alignes as below.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
So far I've come up with this:
lijst = list(range(1, 101))
i = 0
while i < 100:
print(lijst[i],"\t", end=" ".format(">"))
i = i+1
if i % 10 == 0:
print("")
Although it produces the things I need, the tabs aren't working. whenever I try to add spaces instead of a tab, things move way too much on the second and further rows.
Furthermore I can't seem to find out why the .format(">") doesn't work. I've tried to apply .format(">3") but that didn't do anything at all.
You can use the {:>5d} format style to right align integers 5 spaces
lijst = list(range(1, 101))
i = 0
while i < 100:
print("{:>5d}".format(lijst[i]), end=" ")
i = i+1
if i % 10 == 0:
print("")
Output:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
Related
I have process where the end product is a Pandas DF where the output, which is variable in terms of data and length, is structured like this example of the output.
9 80340796
10 80340797
11 80340798
12 80340799
13 80340800
14 80340801
15 80340802
16 80340803
17 80340804
18 80340805
19 80340806
20 80340807
21 80340808
22 80340809
23 80340810
24 80340811
25 80340812
26 80340813
27 80340814
28 80340815
29 80340816
30 80340817
31 80340818
32 80340819
33 80340820
34 80340821
35 80340822
36 80340823
37 80340824
38 80340825
39 80340826
40 80340827
41 80340828
42 80340829
43 80340830
44 80340831
45 80340832
46 80340833
I need to get the numbers in the second column above, into the following grid format based on the numbers in the first column above.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
A 1 9 17 25 33 41 49 57 65 73 81 89
B 2 10 18 26 34 42 50 58 66 74 82 90
C 3 11 19 27 35 43 51 59 67 75 83 91
D 4 12 20 28 36 44 52 60 68 76 84 92
E 5 13 21 29 37 45 53 61 69 77 85 93
F 6 14 22 30 38 46 54 62 70 78 86 94
G 7 15 23 31 39 47 55 63 71 79 87 95
H 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 96
So the end result in this example would be
Any advice on how to go about this would be much appreciated. I've been asked for this by a colleague, so the data is easy to read for their team (as it matches the layout of a physical test) but I have no idea how to produce it.
pandas pivot table, can do what you want in your question, but first you have to create 2 auxillary columns, 1 determing which column the value has to go in, another which row it is. You can get that as shown in the following example:
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame({'num': list(range(9, 28)), 'val': list(range(80001, 80020))})
max_rows = 8
df['row'] = (df['num']-1)%8
df['col'] = np.ceil(df['num']/8).astype(int)
df.pivot_table(values=['val'], columns=['col'], index=['row'])
val
col 2 3 4
row
0 80001.0 80009.0 80017.0
1 80002.0 80010.0 80018.0
2 80003.0 80011.0 80019.0
3 80004.0 80012.0 NaN
4 80005.0 80013.0 NaN
5 80006.0 80014.0 NaN
6 80007.0 80015.0 NaN
7 80008.0 80016.0 NaN
I just had a quick question. How would one go about getting the last cell value of an excel spreadsheet when working with it as a dataframe using pandas, for every single different column. I'm having quite some difficulty with this, I know the index can be found with len(), but I can't quite wrap my finger around it. Thank you any help would be greatly appreciated.
If you want the last cell of a dataframe meaning the most bottom right cell, then you can use .iloc:
df = pd.DataFrame(np.arange(1,101).reshape((10,-1)))
df
Output:
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
3 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
4 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
5 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
6 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
7 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
8 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
9 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
Use .iloc with -1 index selection on both rows and columns.
df.iloc[-1,-1]
Output:
100
DataFrame.head(n) gets the top n results from the dataframe. DataFrame.tail(n) gets the bottom n results from the dataframe.
If your dataframe is named df, you could use df.tail(1) to get the last row of the dataframe. The returned value is also a dataframe.
Thanks beforehand.
I'm currently trying to get some values from an array in the format that another program requieres as input. I'm iterating over i rows and j columns since I need the value of i directly followed by the value of array[i,j] (if non-zero and i different than j) printed directly on the same line for each value on the first dimension. I also need to jump to the next line only for a new value of i. I've achieved it with a normal jump line "\n", but it leaves a blank line and I need the next line to be directly under the previous with no blank line. I know I could easily fix this in bash but I'd like to know a method to do it in python.
This is what I'm trying and the result:
import numpy as np
z=np.arange(100).reshape(10,10)
z[5,4]=0
print z
for i in xrange(1,10,1):
for j in xrange(1,10,1):
if not (i==j):
if not z[i,j]==0:
print j, z[i,j],
print "\n"
[[ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9]
[10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19]
[20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29]
[30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39]
[40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49]
[50 51 52 53 0 55 56 57 58 59]
[60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69]
[70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79]
[80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89]
[90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99]]
2 12 3 13 4 14 5 15 6 16 7 17 8 18 9 19
1 21 3 23 4 24 5 25 6 26 7 27 8 28 9 29
1 31 2 32 4 34 5 35 6 36 7 37 8 38 9 39
1 41 2 42 3 43 5 45 6 46 7 47 8 48 9 49
1 51 2 52 3 53 6 56 7 57 8 58 9 59
1 61 2 62 3 63 4 64 5 65 7 67 8 68 9 69
1 71 2 72 3 73 4 74 5 75 6 76 8 78 9 79
1 81 2 82 3 83 4 84 5 85 6 86 7 87 9 89
1 91 2 92 3 93 4 94 5 95 6 96 7 97 8 98
A call to print automatically adds a newline at the end of what it prints. You can suppress the newline by adding a comma at the end as you have done. However in your call to print '\n' at the end of the loop, you are adding two newlines because print adds a newline to the end of your '\n'. Either end this print statement with a comma or print the empty string, either will work:
import numpy as np
z=np.arange(100).reshape(10,10)
z[5,4]=0
print z
for i in xrange(1,10,1):
for j in xrange(1,10,1):
if not (i==j):
if not z[i,j]==0:
print j, z[i,j],
print "" # automatically adds newline to end of empty string.
# print "\n", # <---- could use this alternatively. Note the comma at the end
I'm trying to get:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
from this:
# nums is a range object
nums = list(range(1, 101))
chunks = []
print(nums)
print()
for i in range(0, len(nums), 10):
chunks.append(nums[i:i+10])
in Python.... I can't for the life of me solve it.
You can just use nested loops to print chunks out like that. Here's an example:
for i in chunks:
for j in i:
print(j, end=" ")
print()
This should produce exactly the same output as in the question:
for chunk in chunks:
print(''.join(str(x).rjust(5 if i else 2) for i, x in enumerate(chunk)))
Update: For every chunk it will first convert numbers to strings with str and then right justify them with rjust that uses space as default fill char. Since the first number on the row has width of 2 and rest of them have width of 5 enumerate is used to track the index so that correct argument can be passed to rjust. Enumerate returns tuples in form (index, item) and the index is then used in 5 if i else 2 to determine if number is first or not so width of 2 or 5 can be used respectively. Finally all the substrings are joined together for a row which is printed to screen.
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I'm trying to make a triangle that looks like this
10
11 12
13 14 15
16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37
38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
I am trying to use two for loops with one nested. Here is as close as I have gotten so far.
for j in range(11):
print(end='\n')
for i in range(j+1):
print(i+j,'',end='')
print(end='\n')
I'm pretty sure I need to create a variable, but not really sure how to incorporate it into the loop.
Here you go:
>>> a=range(10, 55)
>>> for i in range(10):
... print(' '.join(repr(e) for e in a[:i+1]))
... a = a[i+1:]
...
10
11 12
13 14 15
16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37
38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
How about short and simple like this:
k=10
for i in range(9):
for j in range(i+1):
print(k, end='')
k+=1
print('')
Here is another single for loop based solution:
number = 10
for line_length in range(9):
print(*range(number, number + line_length + 1))
number += line_length + 1
Giving:
10
11 12
13 14 15
16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37
38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
I like Maelstrom's short and sweet answer, but if you want to look at it mathematically, you might do something like this instead:
>>> for i in range(1, 10):
... j = 10 + i * (i - 1) // 2
... print(*range(j, j + i)) # This line edited per lvc's comment
...
10
11 12
13 14 15
16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37
38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Use one variable to keep track of the current number and one to keep track of the tier you are on
num = 10;
tier = 1;
tiers = 10;
for i in range(tiers):
for j in range(tier):
print(num + " ");
num = num + 1;
print("\n");
tier = tier + 1
You can change the triangle height by adjusting the triangle_height variable and the starting element by changing print_number.
print_number = 10
triangle_height = 9
for level_element_count in range(triangle_height):
print('\n')
while level_element_count > -1:
print(print_number, '', end='')
print_number += 1
level_element_count -= 1
print('\n')
Just for fun.
This is related to a common pattern where you divide a given sequence (here, the numbers from 10 to 54, inclusive) into non-overlapping 'windows', to do some analysis on, say, 10 values at a time. The twist here is that each window is one element larger than the last.
This looks like a job for itertools!
import itertools as it
def increasing_windows(i, start=1, step=1):
'''yield non-overlapping windows from iterable `i`,
increasing in size from `start` by `step`.
'''
pos = 0
for size in it.count(start, step):
yield it.islice(i, pos, pos+size)
pos += size
for line in it.islice(increasing_windows(range(10, 55)), 9):
print(*line)
Try this
counter = 10
for i in range(10):
output = ""
for j in range(i):
output = output + " " + str(counter)
counter += 1
print(output)
Output:
10
11 12
13 14 15
16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37
38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Explanation:
First loop controls the width of the triangle and second loop controls the content and hence the height. We need to convert an integer to string and concatenate. We create proper output in a string variable in each iteration of second loop and then display it once it gets finished.The key thing is to iterate second loop according to the first one, i.e. loop it as much as first does
You could write a generator:
def number_triangle(start, nrows):
current = start
for length in range(1, nrows+1):
yield range(current, current+length)
current += length
>>> for row in number_triangle(10, 9):
... print(*row)
10
11 12
13 14 15
16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37
38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
>>> for row in number_triangle(1, 12):
... print(*row)
1
2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21
22 23 24 25 26 27 28
29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55
56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66
67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78
Or you could have an infinite generator and leave it up to the caller to control how many rows to generate:
def number_triangle(start=0):
length = 1
while True:
yield range(start, start+length)
start += length
length += 1
>>> nt = number_triangle()
>>> for i in range(15):
... print(*next(nt))
0
1 2
3 4 5
6 7 8 9
10 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44
45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65
66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77
78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104
105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119
No need for nested loop:
a = range(10, 55)
flag = 0
current = 0
for i, e in enumerate(a):
print e,
if flag == i:
current += 1
flag = i + 1 + current
print '\n',