I have a superclass (tk window) , and another subclass (tk window) which inherits properties from the original class. on the super class, I have a method callback which is called every second. The subclass displays a tk options menu, and i would like to update the options displayed in the tk options menu though the superclass method which is called every second. I've created a shortened version of my program which shows generally what I'm trying to do. This program will run, and it works as i'd like it to, but in pycharm I receive a warning highlighting the subclass method def update(self, controller)::
Signature of method 'OtherPage.update()' does not match
signature of base method in class 'Misc'
what is the correct way to do this?
import tkinter as tk
exchanges = ['Bitfinex', 'Bittrex', 'Kraken', 'Gdax']
class Trader(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
tk.Tk.wm_title(self, "Multi-Trader-Wallet")
container = tk.Frame(self)
container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
menubar = tk.Menu(container)
filemenu = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
filemenu.add_command(label='Exit', command=lambda: print('exit'))
menubar.add_cascade(label='File', menu=filemenu)
tk.Tk.config(self, menu=menubar)
self.exchange1 = tk.StringVar()
self.frames = {}
self.id = self.after(1000, self.callback)
for F in (MainPage, OtherPage):
frame = F(container, self)
self.frames[F] = frame
frame.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=1, rowspan=1, sticky="nsew")
self.show_frame(OtherPage)
def show_frame(self, cont):
frame = self.frames[cont]
frame.tkraise()
def callback(self):
print('callback')
print(self.frames[OtherPage])
self.frames[OtherPage].update(self)
self.id = self.after(1000, self.callback)
class MainPage(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
label = tk.Label(self, text='MainPage')
label.grid(row=1, column=1)
class OtherPage(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
label2 = tk.Label(self, text='OtherPage')
label2.grid(row=1, column=1)
drop = tk.OptionMenu(self, controller.exchange1, *exchanges)
drop.config(width=10)
drop.grid(row=2, column=1)
def update(self, controller):
exchanges.append('new exchange')
drop = tk.OptionMenu(self, controller.exchange1, *exchanges)
drop.config(width=10)
drop.grid(row=2, column=1)
app = Trader()
app.mainloop()
Related
I am having trouble with passing the variables into different classes. I am a beginner. I am trying to get the entry box to pass the textvariable which is self.margaritapizza(). However, when I try run it, it says 'nextage' has no attribute to 'margaritapizza'. So not sure how to pass the variable to different classes. I am using tkinter and it is in visual studio code if that helps.
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import IntVar
class SampleApp(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
container = tk.Frame(self)
container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.margaritapizza = IntVar()
self.frames = {}
for F in (StartPage, nextpage):
page_name = F.__name__
frame = F(parent=container, controller=self)
self.frames[page_name] = frame
frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
self.show_frame("StartPage")
def show_frame(self, page_name):
frame = self.frames[page_name]
'''Show a frame for the given page name'''
frame.tkraise()
class StartPage(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent, bg='#3d3d5c')
self.controller = controller
heading_label = tk.Label(self,
text="start page",
font=('arial', 45, 'bold'),
foreground='#ffffff',
background='#3d3d5c')
heading_label.pack(pady=25)
def next():
controller.show_frame('nextpage')
next_button = tk.Button(text="start page",command=next).pack
class nextpage(tk.Frame,SampleApp):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent, bg='#3d3d5c')
self.controller = controller
heading_label = tk.Label(self,
text="start page",
font=('arial', 45, 'bold'),
foreground='#ffffff',
background='#3d3d5c')
heading_label.pack(pady=25)
entry = tk.entry(borderwidth=2,width=15,textvariable=self.margaritapizza).pack
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = SampleApp()
app.mainloop()
First, nextpage should definitely not inherit from SampleApp. So, change the definition to:
class nextpage(tk.Frame):
Second, margaritapizza is an attribute of SampleApp, so you need to refer to it via the instance of SampleApp. In your case, self.controller is that instance, so you can use self.controller.margaritapizza.
There are other problems with how you define the entry, I'll fix them as well:
self.entry = tk.Entry(self, borderwidth=2,width=15,textvariable=self.controller.margaritapizza)
self.entry.pack()
I need to update listbox when I'm changing view, but I dont know how to do it. On first page I'm adding some items to list and on second it should to show all items in listbox.
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from tkinter import *
tb1 = [["Kofola", "0,5","30"]]
class SeaofBTCapp(Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
container = Frame(self)
container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand = True)
container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.frames = {}
for F in (StartPage, PageOne):
frame = F(container, self)
self.frames[F] = frame
frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
self.show_frame(StartPage)
def show_frame(self, cont):
frame = self.frames[cont]
frame.tkraise()
class StartPage(Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
Frame.__init__(self,parent)
label = Label(self, text="Start Page")
label.pack(pady=10,padx=10)
button = Button(self, text="Visit Page 1",
command=lambda: controller.show_frame(PageOne))
button.pack()
button2 = Button(self, text="add",
command=self.add)
button2.pack()
def add(self):
tb1.append(["Radegast", "0,5","30"])
print(tb1)
class PageOne(Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
Frame.__init__(self, parent)
label = Label(self, text="Page One!!!")
label.pack(pady=10,padx=10)
button1 = Button(self, text="Back to Home",
command=lambda: controller.show_frame(StartPage))
button1.pack()
self.bill=Listbox(self)
self.bill.pack()
for item in tb1:
co=" ".join(str(x) for x in item)
self.bill.insert(END, co)
app = SeaofBTCapp()
app.mainloop()
In the PageOne class You are reading the list tb1 only once, in __init__(). To get the changes in tb1 to be seen in the listbox you also have to update the listbox with the new altered list.
There is also an issue with the list. As it's defined in the global namespace your app will depend on this. I'd suggest you define it in the SeaofBTCapp() __init__() function and then you can access it through the controller object:
class SeaofBTCapp(Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
self.tb1 = [["Kofola", "0,5","30"]]
... etc ...
class StartPage(Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
self.controller = controller
... etc ...
def add(self):
self.controller.tb1.append(["Radegast", "0,5","30"])
... etc ...
And then add an update() method to the PageOne() class which updates the listbox and calls it from the add() method. I'm calling by way of controller method update_pageone(). See full example below:
from tkinter import *
class SeaofBTCapp(Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
self.tb1 = [["Kofola", "0,5","30"]] # Create instance variable tb1
container = Frame(self)
container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand = True)
container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.frames = {}
for F in (StartPage, PageOne):
frame = F(container, self)
self.frames[F] = frame
frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
self.show_frame(StartPage)
def show_frame(self, cont):
frame = self.frames[cont]
frame.tkraise()
def update_pageone(self):
self.frames[PageOne].update() # Call update on PageOne
class StartPage(Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
self.controller = controller # Remember the controller
Frame.__init__(self,parent)
label = Label(self, text="Start Page")
label.pack(pady=10,padx=10)
button = Button(self, text="Visit Page 1",
command=lambda: self.controller.show_frame(PageOne))
button.pack()
button2 = Button(self, text="add", command=self.add)
button2.pack()
def add(self):
self.controller.tb1.append(["Radegast", "0,5","30"])
self.controller.update_pageone() # Asking controller for an update
class PageOne(Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
self.controller = controller # Remember the controller
Frame.__init__(self, parent)
label = Label(self, text="Page One!!!")
label.pack(pady=10,padx=10)
button1 = Button(self, text="Back to Home",
command=lambda: controller.show_frame(StartPage))
button1.pack()
self.bill = Listbox(self)
self.bill.pack()
for item in controller.tb1:
co = " ".join(str(x) for x in item)
self.bill.insert(END, co)
def update(self):
# Delete all from Listbox bill
self.bill.delete(0, 'end')
# Add revised table into Listbox bill
for item in self.controller.tb1:
co = " ".join(str(x) for x in item)
self.bill.insert(END, co)
app = SeaofBTCapp()
app.mainloop()
I'm trying to make a calculator and it has different frames i.e Basic, Statistics, ..., etc. However, I'm having issues to show each frame.
This is the container for all the frames (I took a code of a previous post as example)
import tkinter as tk
class calculatorframe(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
#----------------CONTAINER FOR ALL THE FRAMES----------
container = tk.Frame(self)
container.pack()
#--------------------- DROPDOWN MENU------------------
tkvar = tk.StringVar()
choices={'Basic Mode','Calculus Mode'} #Options of the dropdown menu
tkvar.set('Basic Mode') #default frame
dropdownmenu =tk.OptionMenu(container, tkvar, *choices)
dropdownmenu.grid(row=2,column=3) #position of the dropdown menu
self.frames = {}
for F in (Basic, Calculus):
page_name = F.__name__
frame = F(parent= container, controller=self)
self.frames[page_name] = frame
frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky= "nsew")
self.show_frame('Basic')
#-------FUNCTION TO SHOW THE CURRENT FRAME
def show_frame(self, page_name):
frame = self.frames[page_name]
frame.tkraise()
These are the classes that I created for the basic calculator
class Basic(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
#--------------- SCREEN ---------------
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
screen = tk.Entry(self, width=80)
screen.grid(row=3, column=1,columnspan=7) #position of the screen
#------------ BUTTON ---------------------
button7=tk.Button(self, text="7", width=8) #button
button7.grid(row=4,column=1)
#---------------------frame for calculus -------------------------
class Calculus(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
#-----------------------------SCREEN------------
screen=tk.Entry(self, width=50)
screen.pack()
screen.grid(row=3, column=1, pady=20, columnspan=7) #position of the screen
#------------------------BUTTON---------------
go=tk.Button(self, height=1, text="Go") #button
go.grid(row=1, column=8)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = calculatorframe()
app.mainloop()
I'm aware that I have to keep track of the value of tkvar and that I need to do it using trace() and pass that value to show_frame, however, I don't know where to place it in my code. I tried to put it below the dropdown menu, but I get an error message and I tried after the function show_frame and it did not work either. I'm a bit stuck, I would really appreciate your help, thanks in advance.
The simple solution would be to add a command to your OptionsMenu() function. We will also need to change your class names and your choice options due to how the command argument works here.
For the OptionsMenu() command argument when you tell it to call a method it will automatically pass the value of the selected item in the drop down. So because of this we need to make sure our selection reflect the class names. You can change the choices/classes to be whatever you wish I just used BasicMode and CalculusMode as an example.
The command will automatically pass the value selected so we can use that to call each frame using you show_frame method.
Take a look at the below code and let me know if you have any questions.
import tkinter as tk
class calculatorframe(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
container = tk.Frame(self)
container.pack()
tkvar = tk.StringVar()
choices = {'BasicMode', 'CalculusMode'}
tkvar.set('BasicMode')
dropdownmenu = tk.OptionMenu(container, tkvar, *choices, command=self.show_frame)
dropdownmenu.grid(row=2, column=3)
self.frames = {}
for F in (BasicMode, CalculusMode):
page_name = F.__name__
frame = F(parent= container, controller=self)
self.frames[page_name] = frame
frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
self.show_frame('BasicMode')
def show_frame(self, page_name):
frame = self.frames[page_name]
frame.tkraise()
class BasicMode(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
screen = tk.Entry(self, width=80)
screen.grid(row=3, column=1, columnspan=7)
button7 = tk.Button(self, text="7", width=8)
button7.grid(row=4,column=1)
class CalculusMode(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
screen = tk.Entry(self, width=50)
screen.pack()
screen.grid(row=3, column=1, pady=20, columnspan=7)
go = tk.Button(self, height=1, text="Go")
go.grid(row=1, column=8)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = calculatorframe()
app.mainloop()
I managed to build a little GUI, where I can switch between frames related to the following question: Switch between frames in tkinter
I wanted to have a status bar on the Bottom of my GUI and it should stay on every frame! The status bar shows info about buttons when hovering over it!
Not hovered:
Hovered:
As you can see it works, BUT I can't manage to make the status bar update its values when another frame is raised, because I could only manage to create the status bar in one frame class...
class SampleApp(Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
self.title_font = font.Font(family='Helvetica', size=18,
weight="bold", slant="italic")
container = Frame(self)
container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.frames = {}
for F in (start_frame, cr_frame, db_frame):
page_name = F.__name__
frame = F(parent=container, controller=self)
self.frames[page_name] = frame
frame.pack()
self.show_frame("start_frame")
def show_frame(self, page_name):
'''Show a frame for the given page name'''
for frame in self.frames.values():
#frame.grid_remove()
frame.pack_forget()
frame = self.frames[page_name]
frame.pack()
if page_name == "start_frame":
frame.winfo_toplevel().geometry("545x200")
if page_name == "cr_frame":
frame.winfo_toplevel().geometry("600x200")
if page_name == "db_frame":
frame.winfo_toplevel().geometry("700x630")
class start_frame(Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
Frame.__init__(self, parent)
self.controller = controller
self.btn_cr = Button(self, text="Copyright Analyse", command=lambda: self.controller.show_frame("cr_frame"), width=40)
self.btn_cr.pack(side=LEFT, padx=15, pady=1, ipady=40)
self.btn_db = Button(self, text="Copyright Datenbank", command=lambda: self.controller.show_frame("db_frame"), width=40)
self.btn_db.pack(side=LEFT, pady=1, ipady=40)
###################Here is the statusbar defined + bindings and so on##########
self.lbl_status = Label(self.controller, text="...", border=1, relief=SUNKEN, anchor=W)
self.lbl_status.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X, anchor=W)
self.btn_cr.bind("<Enter>", lambda event: self.lbl_status.configure(text="Open copyright analysis window..."))
self.btn_cr.bind("<Leave>", self.leave_bindings)
self.btn_db.bind("<Enter>", lambda event: self.lbl_status.configure(text="Open copyright database..."))
self.btn_db.bind("<Leave>", self.leave_bindings)
class cr_frame(Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
Frame.__init__(self, parent)
self.controller = controller
Now, if I switch to page 2 (cr_frame), the status bar is still there because I attached it to the top-level controller (of all frames) but I can't edit it through the cr_frame class...
I don't know how to do it.
First, move the statusbar to the main app since it's part of the app and not part of a page:
class SampleApp(Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
...
container = Frame(self)
self.lbl_status = Label(self, text="", border=1, relief=SUNKEN, anchor=W)
container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
self.lbl_status.pack(side="bottom", fill="x")
Next, add a method to the app for setting the status:
class SampleApp(Tk):
...
def set_status(self, string):
self.lbl_status.configure(text=string)
Finally, call that method whenever you need to change the status:
class cr_frame(Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
Frame.__init__(self, parent)
self.controller = controller
...
def something(self):
...
self.controller.set_status("Hello, world")
...
The following is an excerpt of a my first python project I am currently working on.
I am able to add the check button into the GUI, but it is practically useless because I can't find out how I can get the value from the checkbutton.
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import *
class base(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
#tk.Tk.iconbitmap(self, "iconz.ico")
tk.Tk.wm_title(self, "Mandelbrot Renderer")
container = tk.Frame(self)
container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand = True)
container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.frames = {}
for F in (StartPage, MainPage):
frame = F(container, self)
self.frames[F] = frame
frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
self.show_frame(StartPage)
def show_frame(self, cont):
frame = self.frames[cont]
frame.tkraise()
class MainPage(tk.Frame):
def getcheckvalue(self):
print (self.mvar.get())
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
label = tk.Label(self, text="Graph Page!", font=LARGE_FONT)
label.pack(pady=10,padx=10)
button1 = ttk.Button(self, text="Back to Home",
command=lambda: controller.show_frame(StartPage))
button1.pack()
button2 = ttk.Button(self, text="Re-Render",
command=self.getcheckvalue)
button2.pack()
mvar = IntVar()
self.cbutton = ttk.Checkbutton(self, text="shadow",onvalue=1, offvalue=0, variable=mvar)
self.cbutton.pack()
app = base()
app.geometry ("800x600")
app.mainloop()
mvar = IntVar()
In this line you are creating a local mvar. To access it from outside of your __init__ method, you need to make it class variable by adding self. prefix.
self.mvar = IntVar()
self.cbutton = ttk.Checkbutton(..., variable=self.mvar)