Develop Reference

How to minimize or hide the Geckodriver in Selenium?

This is what I have:
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
How can I let the geckodriver open minimized or hidden?

You have to set the firefox driver options to headless so that it opens minimized. Here is the code to do that.
fireFoxOptions = webdriver.FirefoxOptions()
fireFoxOptions.set_headless()
driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_options=fireFoxOptions)
If this doesn't work for you there are other methods that you can use. Check out this other SO question for those: How to make firefox headless programmatically in Selenium with python?

geckodriver
geckodriver in it's core form is a proxy for using W3C WebDriver-compatible clients to interact with Gecko-based browsers.
This program provides the HTTP API described by the WebDriver protocol to communicate with Gecko browsers, such as Firefox. It translates calls into the Firefox remote protocol by acting as a proxy between the local- and remote ends.
So more or less it acts like a service. So the question to minimize the GeckoDriver shouldn't arise.
Minimizing Mozilla Firefox browser
The Selenium driven GeckoDriver initiated firefox Browsing Context by default opens in semi maximized mode. Perhaps while executing tests with the browsing context being minimized would be against all the best practices as Selenium may loose the focus over the Browsing Context and an exception may raise during the Test Execution.
However, Selenium's python client does have a minimize_window() method which eventually minimizes the Chrome Browsing Context effectively.
Solution
You can use the following solution:
Firefox:
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.FirefoxOptions()
options.binary_location = r'C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe'
driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_options=options, executable_path=r'C:\WebDrivers\geckodriver.exe')
driver.get('https://www.google.co.in')
driver.minimize_window()
Chrome:
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ["enable-automation"])
options.add_experimental_option('useAutomationExtension', False)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options, executable_path=r'C:\Utility\BrowserDrivers\chromedriver.exe')
driver.get('https://www.google.co.in')
driver.minimize_window()
Reference
You can find a detailed relevant discussion in:
How to Minimize browser window in selenium webdriver 3
tl; dr
How to make firefox headless programmatically in Selenium with python?

Headless Selenium suddenly stopped working

I have been using Selenium and python to web scrape for a couple of weeks now. It has been working fairly good. Been running on a macOS and windows 7. However all the sudden the headless web driver has stopped working. I have been using chromedriver with the following settings:
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
options = Options()
options.add_argument("--headless")
options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')
chrome_options.add_argument("--window-size=1920x1080")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)
driver.get('url')
Initially I had to add the window, gpu and sandbox arguments to get it work and it did work up until now. However, when running the script now it gets stuck at driver.get('url'). It doesn't produce an error or anything just seems to run indefinitely. When I run without headless and simply run:
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('url')
it works exactly as intended. This problem is also isolated to my windows machine. Where do I start?

Solved
For some reason the proxy setting was slowing it down. Therefore it got solved by adding:
options.add_argument(f'--proxy-server={None}')

I had exactly the same problem. It appeared randomly after the script has run fine for weeks. OP has led me to the right direction, but his solution doesnt worked for me. I had to add:
chrome_options.add_argument("--no-proxy-server")
chrome_options.add_argument("--proxy-server='direct://'");
chrome_options.add_argument("--proxy-bypass-list=*");
My complete code:
chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument("--headless")
chrome_options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
chrome_options.add_argument("--start-fullscreen")
chrome_options.add_argument("--no-proxy-server")
chrome_options.add_argument("--proxy-server='direct://'");
chrome_options.add_argument("--proxy-bypass-list=*");
chrome_options.binary_location = "C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome Dev\\Application\chrome.exe"
browser = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
browser.set_window_size(2000, 1080)
please see also:
Headless chrome driver too slow
and:
Chrome webdriver produces timeout in selenium

Headless Chrome Browser - Using Selenium and ChromeDriver

Running latest version of all features
(chrome version 66, selenium version 3.12, chromedriver version 2.39, python version 3.6.5)
I have tried all of the solutions that I have found online but nothing seems to be working. I have automated something using Selenium for Chrome and it does exactly what I need it to do.
The last thing I need to to is hide the browser because I do not need to see the UI. I have attempted to make the browser headless using the following code but when I do the program crashes.
I have also tried to alter the window size to 0x0 and even tried the command: options.set_headless(headless=True) instead but nothing seems to work.
NOTE: I am running on Windows and have also tried with the command:
options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')

Try to move browser over the monitor
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.set_window_position(-2000,0) # if -20000 don't help put -10000

What is happening when you run, does it produce any error or just run as if you hadn't even added the headless argument?
Here's what I do for mine to run headlessly -
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument('--headless')
options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')
selenium_chrome_driver_path = "blah blah my path is here"
my_driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options = options, executable_path = selenium_chrome_driver_path)
I'm running this code with python 3.6 with up to date selenium drivers on Windows 8 (unfortunately)

Got the solutions after combining a few sources. It seems that the libraries get often updated and eventually it becomes deprecated. Atm this one worked for me in Windows, using Python 3.4:
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.headless = True
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path="C:/Users/Admin/Documents/chromedriver_win32/chromedriver", options=options)

Try to use user agent in chrome_options
ua = UserAgent()
userAgent = ua.random
print(userAgent)
chrome_options.add_argument('user-agent={userAgent}')

python selenium - how to execute mobile chrome on incognito mode?

I'm trying to implement mobile chrome crawler using python selenium.
And I want to execute mobile chrome on incognito mode.
So, I tried as below.
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
## run chrome on incognito mode not to use web cache.
options.add_argument("--incognito")
options.add_experimental_option('androidPackage','com.android.chrome')
driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)
But, mobile chrome was executed on default mode, not incognito mode.
Help me please.

The officially recommended way to launch Chrome on mobile device using Python is this:
driver = webdriver.Remote(command_executor='http://127.0.0.1:4444/wd/hub',
desired_capabilities = chrome_options.to_capabilities())
See if that works for you.

This worked for me:
chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_argument("--incognito")
driver = webdriver.Chrome("driver path", chrome_options=chrome_options)

Chrome not going headless

this is my code:
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument("--headless")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options)
driver.get("https://google.com/")
Yet the browser opens instead of going headless.
Some other arguments do seem to work like --start-maximized

This is redundant but, since I've been asked to do it, https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2017/04/headless-chrome says that headless won't be available on Chrome for Windows until version 60.

Headless won't be available on Windows untill Chrome 60.