I've got a kind of weird question--but would be immensely useful if it is possible--in Maya using Python, can I take in several points of user input and have Python create a separate script for me? In this instance, I want to take in controller and locator names and have Python spit out a complete IKFK match script also in Python (it's really just a lot of getAttr and setAttr commands, although with 6 if statements per limb for PV matching.) The only other wrinkle there is that it has to be able to prefix hierarchy names in the script if necessary if the rig is imported into a new scene rather than just opened. There's an expression component to my switches that it would be nice if Python could make for me, too.
Is this possible or am I crazy?
That's no problem. Just write a textfile with a .py extension into a path where maya can find it. Then you have to import it somewhere. Creating expressions is not a problem either.
Maybe it could make sense to think about the approach you choose. Imagine you have written a dozen of these new python files and you discover a problem in the script, you will have to redo it. I'd try to collect all data and only write the required informations into a textfile e.g. in json format. Then you can read the data and rebuild your skeletons.
Related
I have written a Python script which models an academic problem which I wish to publish. I will put the source on Github and some academics that just happen to know Python may get my source and play with it themselves. However there are probably more academics that may be interested in the model but that are not python programmers and I would like them to be able to run my model too. Even though they are not programmers they could at least try out editing the values of some of the parameters to see how that affects the results. So now my question is how could I arrange for a non-python programmer to run a Python program as easily (for them) as possible. I would guess that my options may be...
google colab
an online python compiler like this one
compiling the program into an exe (and letting the user set parameters via a config file)
something else?
So now a couple of complications that makes my problem trickier.
The output of the program is graphical and uses matplotlib. As I understand it, the utilities that turn python scripts into exe files struggle or fail altogether when it comes to matplotlib.
The source is split into two separate files, one small neat file which contains the model and the user might like to have a good look at it and get the gist of it even if they're not really a python programmer. And a separate large ugly file which just handles the graphics - an academic would have no interest in this and I'd like to spare them the gory details.
EDIT: I did ask a related question here - but that was all about programmers that won't mind doing things like installing python and using pip... this question is in relation to non-programmers who would not be comfortable doing things like that.
Colab can handle the 2 problems, but you may need to adapt some code.
Matplotlib interface: Colab can display plots just fine. But you may want user to interact with slider, checkbox, dropdown menu. Then, you need to use Colab's own Form UI, or pywidgets. See an example here
2 separate python files: you can convert one of them to a notebook. Then import the other. Or you can create a new notebook that import both files. Here's an example.
I'm trying to figure if it's possible to import a maya file into a Maya scene, but only certain things objects (such as locators named "xyz" and it's animation) but skip everything else. (I'm not looking to import a folder amount of files, but select certain elements from a maya file)
I've been searching low and wide for something resembling what I'm after, but I' can't seem to find it.
Is it possible with Maya's Python API?
Feels like you will be much better off solving this problem at an earlier stage, than waiting until Maya importing.
If it's a .ma file, you can probably parse and do filtering on it, and save the relevant elements into another .ma file. Otherwise I found this forum question seems to be relevant:
http://tech-artists.org/t/loading-mb-ma-outside-of-maya/2344
Here are the facts:
I have a collection of python scripts that work together as part of a program
It takes a user input and outputs .docx and .excel files
Right now, only executable through command-line/editor (i.e. you call one script, it does the rest)
Non-CS people have difficulties downloading the necessary modules, and running the program
I want to make my program easily executable/portable to different OSs. So far, I have the following options:
Create a website that takes input visually, and does what it has to do. How do I get the website to refer to my code? Do I have to put it in some sort of web server?
Create an executable that others can simply run (Not sure if this is possible)
Create a GUI that does everything visually.
What are the pros and cons of each one of these options? Which one would you say is most feasible?
My apologies if I said something silly. I'm still learning most of this stuff.
Thank you!
I am in the works of creating a python program similar to this
. Anyway what i want to do is have users be able to modify there own programs but i need help understanding how this works. I have looked through the source code and am confused where this happens even if someone could just point me towards that that would be very helpful. I know that the programs will not be sandboxed but that is not something im worried about at the moment. If you could point me in any direction that would be great! Thank you!
The "robot programs" are just stored as plain text files.
There's a general-purpose text editor in editor.py. When you open a robot in a given view, e.g., the Qt4 view in qt4view.py, it just instantiates a text editor and hands it the robot's file. Again, the fact that the robot's file is a Python script doesn't matter; it just edits it as a text file.
The battle code, meanwhile, opens the same robot files as Python code that the text editor opens as text files. You can see this code in game.py: It just uses the subprocess module to run Python, passing the robot file as an argument.
My other answer deals with what you actually asked. But I don't think it's what you really wanted to know.
You just want to know how to run some Python script, that you've got a pathname for, in a separate Python interpreter, right?
While it's possible to figure that out from the pybotwar code, there's a whole lot of extra stuff that will get in the way of understanding it—the conf.py file, the configurable extra flags, etc.
But the answer is simple: Use the subprocess module, just as you would for running any program. In this case, the Python interpreter is the executable (usually you want sys.executable, the same Python interpreter you're using), and the script you want to run as an argument. For example:
script_output = subprocess.check_output([sys.executable, script_path])
The subprocess documentation explains all the different options very nicely.
I am about to get a bunch of python scripts from an untrusted source.
I'd like to be sure that no part of the code can hurt my system, meaning:
(1) the code is not allowed to import ANY MODULE
(2) the code is not allowed to read or write any data, connect to the network etc
(the purpose of each script is to loop through a list, compute some data from input given to it and return the computed value)
before I execute such code, I'd like to have a script 'examine' it and make sure that there's nothing dangerous there that could hurt my system.
I thought of using the following approach: check that the word 'import' is not used (so we are guaranteed that no modules are imported)
yet, it would still be possible for the user (if desired) to write code to read/write files etc (say, using open).
Then here comes the question:
(1) where can I get a 'global' list of python methods (like open)?
(2) Is there some code that I could add to each script that is sent to me (at the top) that would make some 'global' methods invalid for that script (for example, any use of the keyword open would lead to an exception)?
I know that there are some solutions of python sandboxing. but please try to answer this question as I feel this is the more relevant approach for my needs.
EDIT: suppose that I make sure that no import is in the file, and that no possible hurtful methods (such as open, eval, etc) are in it. can I conclude that the file is SAFE? (can you think of any other 'dangerous' ways that built-in methods can be run?)
This point hasn't been made yet, and should be:
You are not going to be able to secure arbitrary Python code.
A VM is the way to go unless you want security issues up the wazoo.
You can still obfuscate import without using eval:
s = '__imp'
s += 'ort__'
f = globals()['__builtins__'].__dict__[s]
** BOOM **
Built-in functions.
Keywords.
Note that you'll need to do things like look for both "file" and "open", as both can open files.
Also, as others have noted, this isn't 100% certain to stop someone determined to insert malacious code.
An approach that should work better than string matching us to use module ast, parse the python code, do your whitelist filtering on the tree (e.g. allow only basic operations), then compile and run the tree.
See this nice example by Andrew Dalke on manipulating ASTs.
built in functions/keywords:
eval
exec
__import__
open
file
input
execfile
print can be dangerous if you have one of those dumb shells that execute code on seeing certain output
stdin
__builtins__
globals() and locals() must be blocked otherwise they can be used to bypass your rules
There's probably tons of others that I didn't think about.
Unfortunately, crap like this is possible...
object().__reduce__()[0].__globals__["__builtins__"]["eval"]("open('/tmp/l0l0l0l0l0l0l','w').write('pwnd')")
So it turns out keywords, import restrictions, and in-scope by default symbols alone are not enough to cover, you need to verify the entire graph...
Use a Virtual Machine instead of running it on a system that you are concerned about.
Without a sandboxed environment, it is impossible to prevent a Python file from doing harm to your system aside from not running it.
It is easy to create a Cryptominer, delete/encrypt/overwrite files, run shell commands, and do general harm to your system.
If you are on Linux, you should be able to use docker to sandbox your code.
For more information, see this GitHub issue: https://github.com/raxod502/python-in-a-box/issues/2.
I did come across this on GitHub, so something like it could be used, but that has a lot of limits.
Another approach would be to create another Python file which parses the original one, removes the bad code, and runs the file. However, that would still be hit-and-miss.