What is the difference between:
python -m pip install forecasting
and
pip install forecasting
In my environment, the first is working when the second format raise the following error:
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pip._internal'
Answer to your first question.
From pip docs
pip is a command line program. When you install pip, a pip command is added to your system, which can be run from the command prompt as follows:
$ pip <pip arguments>
If you cannot run the pip command directly (possibly because the location where it was installed isn't on your operating system's PATH) then you can run pip via the Python interpreter:
$ python -m pip <pip arguments>
With reference to this GitHub issue:
https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/5373
Try the following command:
sudo easy_install pip
They're two different ways a package can expose commands to the commandline.
pip is a console_script entry-point. Any package can define globally available commands that way, and PIP (the package) uses it to define pip (the command).
In case of pip, the function they're executing using this method is set to pip._internal.main():
entry_points={
"console_scripts": [
"pip=pip._internal:main",
],
},
On the other side python -m pip is using a switch for calling modules. If your module contains a __main__.py file, this file will simply be interpreted and executed by the Python interpreter.
In case of python -m pip, this file essentially contains
from pip._internal import main as _main
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.exit(_main())
so the two commands try to do the same.
However, recently PIP has shown some weird quirks [1] [2] that cause one of the two to work, and the other one to fail.
Related
I'm trying to use pip to install a package. I try to run pip install from the Python shell, but I get a SyntaxError. Why do I get this error? How do I use pip to install the package?
>>> pip install selenium
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
pip is run from the command line, not the Python interpreter. It is a program that installs modules, so you can use them from Python. Once you have installed the module, then you can open the Python shell and do import selenium.
The Python shell is not a command line, it is an interactive interpreter. You type Python code into it, not commands.
Use the command line, not the Python shell (DOS, PowerShell in Windows).
C:\Program Files\Python2.7\Scripts> pip install XYZ
If you installed Python into your PATH using the latest installers, you don't need to be in that folder to run pip
Terminal in Mac or Linux
$ pip install XYZ
As #sinoroc suggested correct way of installing a package via pip is using separate process since pip may cause closing a thread or may require a restart of interpreter to load new installed package so this is the right way of using the API: subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, '-m', 'pip', 'install', 'SomeProject']) but since Python allows to access internal API and you know what you're using the API for you may want to use internal API anyway eg. if you're building own GUI package manager with alternative resourcess like https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/
Following soulution is OUT OF DATE, instead of downvoting suggest updates. see https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/7498 for reference.
UPDATE: Since pip version 10.x there is no more get_installed_distributions() or main method under import pip instead use import pip._internal as pip.
UPDATE ca. v.18 get_installed_distributions() has been removed. Instead you may use generator freeze like this:
from pip._internal.operations.freeze import freeze
print([package for package in freeze()])
# eg output ['pip==19.0.3']
If you want to use pip inside the Python interpreter, try this:
import pip
package_names=['selenium', 'requests'] #packages to install
pip.main(['install'] + package_names + ['--upgrade'])
# --upgrade to install or update existing packages
If you need to update every installed package, use following:
import pip
for i in pip.get_installed_distributions():
pip.main(['install', i.key, '--upgrade'])
If you want to stop installing other packages if any installation fails, use it in one single pip.main([]) call:
import pip
package_names = [i.key for i in pip.get_installed_distributions()]
pip.main(['install'] + package_names + ['--upgrade'])
Note: When you install from list in file with -r / --requirement parameter you do NOT need open() function.
pip.main(['install', '-r', 'filename'])
Warning: Some parameters as simple --help may cause python interpreter to stop.
Curiosity: By using pip.exe you actually use python interpreter and pip module anyway. If you unpack pip.exe or pip3.exe regardless it's python 2.x or 3.x, inside is the SAME single file __main__.py:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from pip import main
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw?|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(main())
To run pip in Python 3.x, just follow the instructions on Python's page: Installing Python Modules.
python -m pip install SomePackage
Note that this is run from the command line and not the python shell (the reason for syntax error in the original question).
I installed python and when I run pip command it used to throw me an error like shown in pic below.
Make Sure pip path is added in environmental variables. For me, the python and pip installation path is::
Python: C:\Users\fhhz\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\
pip: C:\Users\fhhz\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\Scripts
Both these paths were added to path in environmental variables.
Now Open a new cmd window and type pip, you should be seeing a screen as below.
Now type pip install <<package-name>>. Here I'm installing package spyder so my command line statement will be as pip install spyder and here goes my running screen..
and I hope we are done with this!!
you need to type it in cmd not in the IDLE. becuse IDLE is not an command prompt if you want to install something from IDLE type this
>>>from pip.__main__ import _main as main
>>>main(#args splitted by space in list example:['install', 'requests'])
this is calling pip like pip <commands> in terminal. The commands will be seperated by spaces that you are doing there to.
If you are doing it from command line,
try -
python -m pip install selenium
or (for Python3 and above)
python3 -m pip install selenium
I'm trying to use pip to install a package. I try to run pip install from the Python shell, but I get a SyntaxError. Why do I get this error? How do I use pip to install the package?
>>> pip install selenium
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
pip is run from the command line, not the Python interpreter. It is a program that installs modules, so you can use them from Python. Once you have installed the module, then you can open the Python shell and do import selenium.
The Python shell is not a command line, it is an interactive interpreter. You type Python code into it, not commands.
Use the command line, not the Python shell (DOS, PowerShell in Windows).
C:\Program Files\Python2.7\Scripts> pip install XYZ
If you installed Python into your PATH using the latest installers, you don't need to be in that folder to run pip
Terminal in Mac or Linux
$ pip install XYZ
As #sinoroc suggested correct way of installing a package via pip is using separate process since pip may cause closing a thread or may require a restart of interpreter to load new installed package so this is the right way of using the API: subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, '-m', 'pip', 'install', 'SomeProject']) but since Python allows to access internal API and you know what you're using the API for you may want to use internal API anyway eg. if you're building own GUI package manager with alternative resourcess like https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/
Following soulution is OUT OF DATE, instead of downvoting suggest updates. see https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/7498 for reference.
UPDATE: Since pip version 10.x there is no more get_installed_distributions() or main method under import pip instead use import pip._internal as pip.
UPDATE ca. v.18 get_installed_distributions() has been removed. Instead you may use generator freeze like this:
from pip._internal.operations.freeze import freeze
print([package for package in freeze()])
# eg output ['pip==19.0.3']
If you want to use pip inside the Python interpreter, try this:
import pip
package_names=['selenium', 'requests'] #packages to install
pip.main(['install'] + package_names + ['--upgrade'])
# --upgrade to install or update existing packages
If you need to update every installed package, use following:
import pip
for i in pip.get_installed_distributions():
pip.main(['install', i.key, '--upgrade'])
If you want to stop installing other packages if any installation fails, use it in one single pip.main([]) call:
import pip
package_names = [i.key for i in pip.get_installed_distributions()]
pip.main(['install'] + package_names + ['--upgrade'])
Note: When you install from list in file with -r / --requirement parameter you do NOT need open() function.
pip.main(['install', '-r', 'filename'])
Warning: Some parameters as simple --help may cause python interpreter to stop.
Curiosity: By using pip.exe you actually use python interpreter and pip module anyway. If you unpack pip.exe or pip3.exe regardless it's python 2.x or 3.x, inside is the SAME single file __main__.py:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from pip import main
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw?|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(main())
To run pip in Python 3.x, just follow the instructions on Python's page: Installing Python Modules.
python -m pip install SomePackage
Note that this is run from the command line and not the python shell (the reason for syntax error in the original question).
I installed python and when I run pip command it used to throw me an error like shown in pic below.
Make Sure pip path is added in environmental variables. For me, the python and pip installation path is::
Python: C:\Users\fhhz\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\
pip: C:\Users\fhhz\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\Scripts
Both these paths were added to path in environmental variables.
Now Open a new cmd window and type pip, you should be seeing a screen as below.
Now type pip install <<package-name>>. Here I'm installing package spyder so my command line statement will be as pip install spyder and here goes my running screen..
and I hope we are done with this!!
you need to type it in cmd not in the IDLE. becuse IDLE is not an command prompt if you want to install something from IDLE type this
>>>from pip.__main__ import _main as main
>>>main(#args splitted by space in list example:['install', 'requests'])
this is calling pip like pip <commands> in terminal. The commands will be seperated by spaces that you are doing there to.
If you are doing it from command line,
try -
python -m pip install selenium
or (for Python3 and above)
python3 -m pip install selenium
I'm trying to use pip to install a package. I try to run pip install from the Python shell, but I get a SyntaxError. Why do I get this error? How do I use pip to install the package?
>>> pip install selenium
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
pip is run from the command line, not the Python interpreter. It is a program that installs modules, so you can use them from Python. Once you have installed the module, then you can open the Python shell and do import selenium.
The Python shell is not a command line, it is an interactive interpreter. You type Python code into it, not commands.
Use the command line, not the Python shell (DOS, PowerShell in Windows).
C:\Program Files\Python2.7\Scripts> pip install XYZ
If you installed Python into your PATH using the latest installers, you don't need to be in that folder to run pip
Terminal in Mac or Linux
$ pip install XYZ
As #sinoroc suggested correct way of installing a package via pip is using separate process since pip may cause closing a thread or may require a restart of interpreter to load new installed package so this is the right way of using the API: subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, '-m', 'pip', 'install', 'SomeProject']) but since Python allows to access internal API and you know what you're using the API for you may want to use internal API anyway eg. if you're building own GUI package manager with alternative resourcess like https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/
Following soulution is OUT OF DATE, instead of downvoting suggest updates. see https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/7498 for reference.
UPDATE: Since pip version 10.x there is no more get_installed_distributions() or main method under import pip instead use import pip._internal as pip.
UPDATE ca. v.18 get_installed_distributions() has been removed. Instead you may use generator freeze like this:
from pip._internal.operations.freeze import freeze
print([package for package in freeze()])
# eg output ['pip==19.0.3']
If you want to use pip inside the Python interpreter, try this:
import pip
package_names=['selenium', 'requests'] #packages to install
pip.main(['install'] + package_names + ['--upgrade'])
# --upgrade to install or update existing packages
If you need to update every installed package, use following:
import pip
for i in pip.get_installed_distributions():
pip.main(['install', i.key, '--upgrade'])
If you want to stop installing other packages if any installation fails, use it in one single pip.main([]) call:
import pip
package_names = [i.key for i in pip.get_installed_distributions()]
pip.main(['install'] + package_names + ['--upgrade'])
Note: When you install from list in file with -r / --requirement parameter you do NOT need open() function.
pip.main(['install', '-r', 'filename'])
Warning: Some parameters as simple --help may cause python interpreter to stop.
Curiosity: By using pip.exe you actually use python interpreter and pip module anyway. If you unpack pip.exe or pip3.exe regardless it's python 2.x or 3.x, inside is the SAME single file __main__.py:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from pip import main
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw?|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(main())
To run pip in Python 3.x, just follow the instructions on Python's page: Installing Python Modules.
python -m pip install SomePackage
Note that this is run from the command line and not the python shell (the reason for syntax error in the original question).
I installed python and when I run pip command it used to throw me an error like shown in pic below.
Make Sure pip path is added in environmental variables. For me, the python and pip installation path is::
Python: C:\Users\fhhz\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\
pip: C:\Users\fhhz\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\Scripts
Both these paths were added to path in environmental variables.
Now Open a new cmd window and type pip, you should be seeing a screen as below.
Now type pip install <<package-name>>. Here I'm installing package spyder so my command line statement will be as pip install spyder and here goes my running screen..
and I hope we are done with this!!
you need to type it in cmd not in the IDLE. becuse IDLE is not an command prompt if you want to install something from IDLE type this
>>>from pip.__main__ import _main as main
>>>main(#args splitted by space in list example:['install', 'requests'])
this is calling pip like pip <commands> in terminal. The commands will be seperated by spaces that you are doing there to.
If you are doing it from command line,
try -
python -m pip install selenium
or (for Python3 and above)
python3 -m pip install selenium
I'm trying to use pip to install a package. I try to run pip install from the Python shell, but I get a SyntaxError. Why do I get this error? How do I use pip to install the package?
>>> pip install selenium
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
pip is run from the command line, not the Python interpreter. It is a program that installs modules, so you can use them from Python. Once you have installed the module, then you can open the Python shell and do import selenium.
The Python shell is not a command line, it is an interactive interpreter. You type Python code into it, not commands.
Use the command line, not the Python shell (DOS, PowerShell in Windows).
C:\Program Files\Python2.7\Scripts> pip install XYZ
If you installed Python into your PATH using the latest installers, you don't need to be in that folder to run pip
Terminal in Mac or Linux
$ pip install XYZ
As #sinoroc suggested correct way of installing a package via pip is using separate process since pip may cause closing a thread or may require a restart of interpreter to load new installed package so this is the right way of using the API: subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, '-m', 'pip', 'install', 'SomeProject']) but since Python allows to access internal API and you know what you're using the API for you may want to use internal API anyway eg. if you're building own GUI package manager with alternative resourcess like https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/
Following soulution is OUT OF DATE, instead of downvoting suggest updates. see https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/7498 for reference.
UPDATE: Since pip version 10.x there is no more get_installed_distributions() or main method under import pip instead use import pip._internal as pip.
UPDATE ca. v.18 get_installed_distributions() has been removed. Instead you may use generator freeze like this:
from pip._internal.operations.freeze import freeze
print([package for package in freeze()])
# eg output ['pip==19.0.3']
If you want to use pip inside the Python interpreter, try this:
import pip
package_names=['selenium', 'requests'] #packages to install
pip.main(['install'] + package_names + ['--upgrade'])
# --upgrade to install or update existing packages
If you need to update every installed package, use following:
import pip
for i in pip.get_installed_distributions():
pip.main(['install', i.key, '--upgrade'])
If you want to stop installing other packages if any installation fails, use it in one single pip.main([]) call:
import pip
package_names = [i.key for i in pip.get_installed_distributions()]
pip.main(['install'] + package_names + ['--upgrade'])
Note: When you install from list in file with -r / --requirement parameter you do NOT need open() function.
pip.main(['install', '-r', 'filename'])
Warning: Some parameters as simple --help may cause python interpreter to stop.
Curiosity: By using pip.exe you actually use python interpreter and pip module anyway. If you unpack pip.exe or pip3.exe regardless it's python 2.x or 3.x, inside is the SAME single file __main__.py:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from pip import main
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw?|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(main())
To run pip in Python 3.x, just follow the instructions on Python's page: Installing Python Modules.
python -m pip install SomePackage
Note that this is run from the command line and not the python shell (the reason for syntax error in the original question).
I installed python and when I run pip command it used to throw me an error like shown in pic below.
Make Sure pip path is added in environmental variables. For me, the python and pip installation path is::
Python: C:\Users\fhhz\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\
pip: C:\Users\fhhz\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\Scripts
Both these paths were added to path in environmental variables.
Now Open a new cmd window and type pip, you should be seeing a screen as below.
Now type pip install <<package-name>>. Here I'm installing package spyder so my command line statement will be as pip install spyder and here goes my running screen..
and I hope we are done with this!!
you need to type it in cmd not in the IDLE. becuse IDLE is not an command prompt if you want to install something from IDLE type this
>>>from pip.__main__ import _main as main
>>>main(#args splitted by space in list example:['install', 'requests'])
this is calling pip like pip <commands> in terminal. The commands will be seperated by spaces that you are doing there to.
If you are doing it from command line,
try -
python -m pip install selenium
or (for Python3 and above)
python3 -m pip install selenium
I'm trying to use pip to install a package. I try to run pip install from the Python shell, but I get a SyntaxError. Why do I get this error? How do I use pip to install the package?
>>> pip install selenium
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
pip is run from the command line, not the Python interpreter. It is a program that installs modules, so you can use them from Python. Once you have installed the module, then you can open the Python shell and do import selenium.
The Python shell is not a command line, it is an interactive interpreter. You type Python code into it, not commands.
Use the command line, not the Python shell (DOS, PowerShell in Windows).
C:\Program Files\Python2.7\Scripts> pip install XYZ
If you installed Python into your PATH using the latest installers, you don't need to be in that folder to run pip
Terminal in Mac or Linux
$ pip install XYZ
As #sinoroc suggested correct way of installing a package via pip is using separate process since pip may cause closing a thread or may require a restart of interpreter to load new installed package so this is the right way of using the API: subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, '-m', 'pip', 'install', 'SomeProject']) but since Python allows to access internal API and you know what you're using the API for you may want to use internal API anyway eg. if you're building own GUI package manager with alternative resourcess like https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/
Following soulution is OUT OF DATE, instead of downvoting suggest updates. see https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/7498 for reference.
UPDATE: Since pip version 10.x there is no more get_installed_distributions() or main method under import pip instead use import pip._internal as pip.
UPDATE ca. v.18 get_installed_distributions() has been removed. Instead you may use generator freeze like this:
from pip._internal.operations.freeze import freeze
print([package for package in freeze()])
# eg output ['pip==19.0.3']
If you want to use pip inside the Python interpreter, try this:
import pip
package_names=['selenium', 'requests'] #packages to install
pip.main(['install'] + package_names + ['--upgrade'])
# --upgrade to install or update existing packages
If you need to update every installed package, use following:
import pip
for i in pip.get_installed_distributions():
pip.main(['install', i.key, '--upgrade'])
If you want to stop installing other packages if any installation fails, use it in one single pip.main([]) call:
import pip
package_names = [i.key for i in pip.get_installed_distributions()]
pip.main(['install'] + package_names + ['--upgrade'])
Note: When you install from list in file with -r / --requirement parameter you do NOT need open() function.
pip.main(['install', '-r', 'filename'])
Warning: Some parameters as simple --help may cause python interpreter to stop.
Curiosity: By using pip.exe you actually use python interpreter and pip module anyway. If you unpack pip.exe or pip3.exe regardless it's python 2.x or 3.x, inside is the SAME single file __main__.py:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from pip import main
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw?|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(main())
To run pip in Python 3.x, just follow the instructions on Python's page: Installing Python Modules.
python -m pip install SomePackage
Note that this is run from the command line and not the python shell (the reason for syntax error in the original question).
I installed python and when I run pip command it used to throw me an error like shown in pic below.
Make Sure pip path is added in environmental variables. For me, the python and pip installation path is::
Python: C:\Users\fhhz\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\
pip: C:\Users\fhhz\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\Scripts
Both these paths were added to path in environmental variables.
Now Open a new cmd window and type pip, you should be seeing a screen as below.
Now type pip install <<package-name>>. Here I'm installing package spyder so my command line statement will be as pip install spyder and here goes my running screen..
and I hope we are done with this!!
you need to type it in cmd not in the IDLE. becuse IDLE is not an command prompt if you want to install something from IDLE type this
>>>from pip.__main__ import _main as main
>>>main(#args splitted by space in list example:['install', 'requests'])
this is calling pip like pip <commands> in terminal. The commands will be seperated by spaces that you are doing there to.
If you are doing it from command line,
try -
python -m pip install selenium
or (for Python3 and above)
python3 -m pip install selenium