Develop Reference

Python tkinter window resizes, but widgets never change or move

Python beginner. I placed a scrollbar widget in window and that works, but no matter what I do I can't get the scrollbox widget to change size. Could go with a larger scrollbox or for it to resize when the window resizes, but can't figure out how to force either to happen. Tried lots of different solutions, but feels like the grid and canvas are defaulting to a size and can't figure out how to change that. Help would be appreciated. Code is below:
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
import os
import subprocess
class Scrollable(tk.Frame):
"""
Make a frame scrollable with scrollbar on the right.
After adding or removing widgets to the scrollable frame,
call the update() method to refresh the scrollable area.
"""
def __init__(self, frame, width=16):
scrollbar = tk.Scrollbar(frame, width=width)
scrollbar.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y, expand=True)
self.canvas = tk.Canvas(frame, yscrollcommand=scrollbar.set)
self.canvas.pack(side=tk.LEFT, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
scrollbar.config(command=self.canvas.yview)
self.canvas.bind('<Configure>', self.__fill_canvas)
# base class initialization
tk.Frame.__init__(self, frame)
# assign this obj (the inner frame) to the windows item of the canvas
self.windows_item = self.canvas.create_window(0,0, window=self, anchor=tk.NW)
def __fill_canvas(self, event):
"Enlarge the windows item to the canvas width"
canvas_width = event.width
self.canvas.itemconfig(self.windows_item, width = canvas_width)
def update(self):
"Update the canvas and the scrollregion"
self.update_idletasks()
self.canvas.config(scrollregion=self.canvas.bbox(self.windows_item))
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("application")
root.geometry('750x800')
dbEnvs = ['a','b']
x = 1
header = ttk.Frame(root)
body = ttk.Frame(root)
footer = ttk.Frame(root)
header.pack(side = "top")
body.pack()
footer.pack(side = "top")
#setup Environment selection
envLabel = tk.Label(header, text="Environment:")
envLabel.grid(row=0,column=0,sticky='nw')
dbselection = tk.StringVar()
scrollable_body = Scrollable(body, width=20)
x = 1
for row in range(50):
checkboxVar = tk.IntVar()
checkbox = ttk.Checkbutton(scrollable_body, text=row, variable=checkboxVar)
checkbox.var = checkboxVar # SAVE VARIABLE
checkbox.grid(row=x, column=1, sticky='w')
x += 1
scrollable_body.update()
#setup buttons on the bottom
pullBtn = tk.Button(footer, text='Pull')
pullBtn.grid(row=x, column=2, sticky='ew')
buildBtn = tk.Button(footer, text='Build')
buildBtn.grid(row=x, column=3, sticky='ew')
compBtn = tk.Button(footer, text='Compare')
compBtn.grid(row=x, column=4, sticky='ew')
root.mainloop()
have tried anchoring, changing the window base size and multiple other things (8 or 19 different items, plus reading lots of posts), but they normally involve packing and since I used grids that normally and ends with more frustration and nothing changed.

If you want the whole scrollbox to expand to fill the body frame, you must instruct pack to do that using the expand and fill options:
body.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
Another problem is that you're setting expand to True for the scrollbar. That's probably not something you want to do since it means the skinny scrollbar will be allocated more space than is needed. So, remove that attribute or set it to False.
scrollbar.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y, expand=False)
tip: when debugging layout problems, the problems are easier to visualize when you temporarily give each widget a unique color. For example, set the canvas to one color, body to another, the instance of Scrollable to another, etc. This will let you see which parts are visible, which are growing or shrinking, which are inside the borders of others, etc.

How make tkinter grid_forget resize LabelFrame?

I have a frame that holds buttons and it's packed in a LabelFrame with grid geometry manager.
When I remove this frame with grid_forget, the LabelFrame still has the same size.
With other words
it doesn't shrink.
Here is the code, when you press the button all the buttons are removed
but the size remains.
I expected that the grid geometry manager deals automatically with resizing when widgets are removed.
import tkinter as tk
class Collapsible():
def __init__(self, master):
self.master = master
self.dynamic_widgets()
self.fill_lb()
def dynamic_widgets(self):
"""create widgets"""
#frame that holds labelwidgets
self.fr_collapse = tk.Frame(self.master, bg="orange")
#title for label frame----------------------------------------------------------------
self.bt_title = tk.Button(self.fr_collapse, text="o",
highlightthickness = 0, bd = 0,
relief="flat", bg="orange", fg="red")
self.bt_title.grid(row=0, column=0)
self.label_title = tk.Label(self.fr_collapse, text="Name", bg="orange")
self.label_title.grid(row=0, column=1)
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
self.label_frame = tk.LabelFrame(self.master,
bg="orange", labelwidget=self.fr_collapse)
self.label_frame.grid(sticky="wesn", ipady=(10))
#frame for buttons
self.frame_forget = tk.Frame(self.label_frame, bg="orange")
self.frame_forget.grid()
#set command
self.bt_title.configure(command=lambda x=self.frame_forget, y=self.bt_title: self.hide(x, y))
def fill_lb(self):
"fill label frame with dumb buttons"""
b = tk.Button(self.frame_forget, text="Example button 1", bg="orange", relief="flat")
b.grid()
b2 = tk.Button(self.frame_forget, text="Example button 2", bg="orange", relief="flat")
b2.grid()
def hide(self, frame, button):
"""switch value: hide frame based on text configuration"""
bt_text = button.configure("text")
if bt_text[-1] == "o":
frame.grid_remove()
button.configure(text="-")
else:
frame.grid()
button.configure(text="o")
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tk.Tk()
col = Collapsible(root)
root.configure(bg="orange")
root.mainloop()
What I tried so far:
I thought that maybe I need to grid frame that holds buttons after deleting them. Does'n work because this will
grid my hidden buttons again which is logically.
I thought that maybe I need to grid the LableFrame again. No changes in size either
I thought that maybe I should put a dumb frame like a placeholder with minimal width and height values.
and grid it as child in my frame_forget frame with the hope that it will shrink. But still nothing.
None of those thoughts brought me a solution and the question remains
When I run my script it looks like this:
Then when I press flat button in the left corner 'o', I get this:
I wish it would collapse like this one:

How to display widgets on a frame that is mounted on canvas in Tkinter?

I created a main root with two frames.
-One frame is for program toolbar.
-Other frame is for canvas where data will be displayed and a scrollbar widget.
-Inside of the canvas is a third smaller frame which will be used for scrolling trough data.
However, when I try to define new widgets and place them on that third smaller frame, nothing happens. I'm defining new widgets inside of a function call of a button command. I have also tried declaring everything as global variables but without luck.
Hint: I tried placing the code from the function to the top level of the code and it works. Also, if I try to mount these widgets on the toolbar frame it also works. It seems that the only thing I can't do is to mount these new widgets on the small frame that is inside the canvas.
I used a simple for loop to create labels just for testing.
Could anyone tell what I am doing wrong?
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
#Creating main window
root = Tk()
root.resizable(width=False, height=False)
#Defining Background
toolbar = Frame(root, width=613, height=114)
toolbar.grid(row=0, column=0)
background_frame = Frame(root, width=615, height=560)
background_frame.grid(row=1, column=0)
background = Canvas(background_frame, width=615, height=560)
background.pack(side=LEFT, fill=BOTH, expand=1)
scroll_bar = ttk.Scrollbar(background_frame, orient=VERTICAL, command=background.yview)
scroll_bar.pack(side=RIGHT, fill=Y)
background.configure(yscrollcommand=scroll_bar.set)
background.bind('<Configure>', lambda e:background.configure(scrollregion = background.bbox('all')))
second_frame = Frame(background)
background.create_window(150,100, window=second_frame, anchor='nw')
def confirm1():
for x in range(100):
Label(second_frame, text = x ).grid(row=x, column=1)
show_labels = Button(toolbar, text= "Show labels", fg="black", command=confirm1)
show_labels.grid(row=0, column=2)
root.mainloop()
Picture of the app so far

I surely can't reproduce the issue with your current code, but looking at the previous edit it is pretty clear what your problem is.
(taken from your previous edit)
def confirm1():
global background_image1
background.delete('all') # <--- this line of code
for x in range(100):
Label(second_frame, text = x ).grid(row=x, column=1)
Here you delete all your items from your canvas:
background.delete('all')
hence no item appears.
You should instead delete only those items that you want to remove by passing the id or tags to delete method. You can delete multiple items together at once by giving the same tags.
Another option would be to recreate the frame item again on canvas using create_window (Do note: your frame is not deleted/destroyed, it's only removed from canvas)

How to shrink a frame in tkinter after removing contents?

Most of the topics I came across deals with how to not shrink the Frame with contents, but I'm interested in shrinking it back after the destruction of said contents. Here's an example:
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
lbl1 = tk.Label(root, text='Hello!')
lbl1.pack()
frm = tk.Frame(root, bg='black')
frm.pack()
lbl3 = tk.Label(root, text='Bye!')
lbl3.pack()
lbl2 = tk.Label(frm, text='My name is Foo')
lbl2.pack()
So far I should see this in my window:
Hello!
My name is Foo
Bye!
That's great, but I want to keep the middle layer interchangeable and hidden based on needs. So if I destroy the lbl2 inside:
lbl2.destroy()
I want to see:
Hello!
Bye!
But what I see instead:
Hello!
███████
Bye!
I want to shrink frm back to basically non-existence because I want to keep the order of my main widgets intact. Ideally, I want to run frm.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True) so that my widgets inside can scale accordingly. However if this interferes with the shrinking, I can live without fill/expand.
I've tried the following:
pack_propagate(0): This actually doesn't expand the frame at all past pack().
Re-run frm.pack(): but this ruins the order of my main widgets.
.geometry(''): This only works on the root window - doesn't exist for Frames.
frm.config(height=0): Oddly, this doesn't seem to change anything at all.
frm.pack_forget(): From this answer, however it doesn't bring it back.
The only option it leaves me is using a grid manager, which works I suppose, but not exactly what I'm looking for... so I'm interested to know if there's another way to achieve this.

When you destroy the last widget within a frame, the frame size is no longer managed by pack or grid. Therefore, neither pack nor grid knows it is supposed to shrink the frame.
A simple workaround is to add a small 1 pixel by 1 pixel window in the frame so that pack still thinks it is responsible for the size of the frame.
Here's an example based off of the code in the question:
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
lbl1 = tk.Label(root, text='Hello!')
lbl1.pack()
frm = tk.Frame(root, bg='black')
frm.pack()
lbl3 = tk.Label(root, text='Bye!')
lbl3.pack()
lbl2 = tk.Label(frm, text='My name is Foo')
lbl2.pack()
def delete_the_label():
lbl2.destroy()
if len(frm.winfo_children()) == 0:
tmp = tk.Frame(frm, width=1, height=1, borderwidth=0, highlightthickness=0)
tmp.pack()
root.update_idletasks()
tmp.destroy()
button = tk.Button(root, text="Delete the label", command=delete_the_label)
button.pack()
root.mainloop()

Question: Shrink a Frame after removing the last widget?
Bind to the <'Expose'> event and .configure(height=1) if no children.
Reference:
Expose
An Expose event is generated whenever all or part of a widget should be redrawn
import tkinter as tk
class App(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
tk.Label(self, text='Hello!').pack()
self.frm = frm = tk.Frame(self, bg='black')
frm.pack()
tk.Label(self, text='Bye!').pack()
tk.Label(frm, text='My name is Foo').pack()
self.menubar = tk.Menu()
self.config(menu=self.menubar)
self.menubar.add_command(label='delete', command=self.do_destroy)
self.menubar.add_command(label='add', command=self.do_add)
frm.bind('<Expose>', self.on_expose)
def do_add(self):
tk.Label(self.frm, text='My name is Foo').pack()
def do_destroy(self):
w = self.frm
if w.children:
child = list(w.children).pop(0)
w.children[child].destroy()
def on_expose(self, event):
w = event.widget
if not w.children:
w.configure(height=1)
if __name__ == "__main__":
App().mainloop()
Question: Re-run frm.pack(): but this ruins the order of my main widgets.
frm.pack_forget(), however it doesn't bring it back.
Pack has the options before= and after. This allows to pack a widget relative to other widgets.
Reference:
-before
Use its master as the master for the slaves, and insert the slaves just before other in the packing order.
Example using before= and self.lbl3 as anchor. The Frame are removed using .pack_forget() if no children and get repacked at the same place in the packing order.
Note: I show only the relevant parts!
class App(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
...
self.frm = frm = tk.Frame(self, bg='black')
frm.pack()
self.lbl3 = tk.Label(self, text='Bye!')
self.lbl3.pack()
...
def on_add(self):
try:
self.frm.pack_info()
except:
self.frm.pack(before=self.lbl3, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
tk.Label(self.frm, text='My name is Foo').pack()
def on_expose(self, event):
w = event.widget
if not w.children:
w.pack_forget()
Tested with Python: 3.5 - 'TclVersion': 8.6 'TkVersion': 8.6

Python Tkinter - Put Vertical and Horizontal Scrollbar at the edge of the canvas

I want to put the horizontal and vertical scrollbars at the edge of the yellow canvas using Python tkinter, but whatever I do, it does not move and just stay inside the perimeter of the canvas. Why? Below is the image:
Below is the code:
def render_gui(self):
self.main_window = tk.Tk()
self.main_window.geometry("1000x600")
self.main_window.title("Damaged Text Document Virtual Restoration")
self.main_window.resizable(True, True)
self.main_window.configure(background="#d9d9d9")
self.main_window.configure(highlightbackground="#d9d9d9")
self.main_window.configure(highlightcolor="black")
self.main_canvas = tk.Canvas(self.main_window, bg = "yellow")
self.main_canvas.pack(expand = True, fill = "both")
vsb = tk.Scrollbar(self.main_canvas, orient="vertical", command=self.main_canvas.yview)
hsb = tk.Scrollbar(self.main_canvas, orient="horizontal", command=self.main_canvas.xview)
vsb.grid(row=1, column=50,columnspan = 20, sticky='ns')
hsb.grid(row=20, column=1,rowspan = 20,sticky = 'wes')
self.main_canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=vsb.set,xscrollcommand=hsb.set)
self.main_window.mainloop()
Please help.

The problem is that you are putting the scrollbars inside the canvas, and you've put nothing else in the canvas.
When you use grid to put something inside another widget, rows and columns that are empty have a size of zero. Thus, even though you put the vertical scrollbar in column 50, columns 0 and 2-49 have a width of zero so column 50 appears on the left. (Column 1 is the width of the horizontal scrollbar.)
The same is true for the horizontal scrollbar - you're putting it in row 20, but rows 0 and 2-19 have a height of zero, so row 20 appears near the top.
Normally it's not a good idea to put scrollbars inside the canvas, since anything you draw on the canvas might be hidden or partially hidden by the scrollbars. If you want them to appear to be in the canvas, the simplest solution is to put both the canvas and the scrollbars inside a frame. You can then turn the border off on the canvas and turn the border on for the frame.
Example:
import tkinter as tk
class Example():
def render_gui(self):
self.main_window = tk.Tk()
self.main_window.geometry("1000x600")
self.main_window.title("Damaged Text Document Virtual Restoration")
self.main_window.resizable(True, True)
self.main_window.configure(background="#d9d9d9")
self.main_window.configure(highlightbackground="#d9d9d9")
self.main_window.configure(highlightcolor="black")
canvas_container = tk.Frame(self.main_window, bd=1, relief='sunken')
canvas_container.pack(expand = True, fill = "both")
self.main_canvas = tk.Canvas(canvas_container, bg = "yellow")
vsb = tk.Scrollbar(canvas_container, orient="vertical", command=self.main_canvas.yview)
hsb = tk.Scrollbar(canvas_container, orient="horizontal", command=self.main_canvas.xview)
self.main_canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=vsb.set,xscrollcommand=hsb.set)
vsb.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky="ns")
hsb.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky="ew")
self.main_canvas.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
canvas_container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
canvas_container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.main_window.mainloop()
e = Example()
e.render_gui()

The code has the canvas as the parent to the scrollbars.
Setting the scrollbars to have the same parent as the canvas, and changing a few placement things around, renders something workable:
import tkinter as tk
class test:
def __init__(self):
self.render_gui()
def render_gui(self):
self.main_window = tk.Tk()
self.main_window.geometry("1000x600")
self.main_window.title("Damaged Text Document Virtual Restoration")
self.main_window.resizable(True, True)
self.main_window.configure(background="#d9d9d9")
self.main_window.configure(highlightbackground="#d9d9d9")
self.main_window.configure(highlightcolor="black")
self.main_canvas = tk.Canvas(self.main_window, bg = "yellow")
vsb = tk.Scrollbar(self.main_window, orient="vertical", command=self.main_canvas.yview)
hsb = tk.Scrollbar(self.main_window, orient="horizontal", command=self.main_canvas.xview)
hsb.pack(side = "bottom", fill = "x")
vsb.pack(side = "right", fill = "y")
self.main_canvas.pack(expand = True, fill = "both")
self.main_canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=vsb.set,xscrollcommand=hsb.set)
self.main_window.mainloop()
t = test()

from tkinter import *
from tkinter import scrolledtext
janela = Tk()
scroll_x = Scrollbar(janela, orient="horizontal")
text = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(janela, wrap=NONE)
text.config(xscrollcommand=scroll_x.set)
scroll_x.configure(command=text.xview)
text.pack(fill=X)
scroll_x.pack(fill=X)
janela.mainloop()