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PytestCollectionWarning: cannot collect test class 'Test_001_Login' because it has a __init__ constructor

Hi I'm trying to learn Python/Selenium using a Page Object Model.
I have been following this tutorial and as far as I can tell I haven't missed anything. However I can't run my tests because of the init constructor. In the video, he has the same init constructor and the tests run for him.
Inside my project folder I have a subfolder pageObjects and testCases.
In pageObjects I have LoginPage.py where i set up my locators and actions i want to perform on the locators
class LoginPage:
textbox_username_id = "Email"
textbox_password_id = "Password"
button_login_xpath = "//input[#class='button-1 login-button']"
link_logout_linktext = "Logout"
def __init__(self,driver):
self.driver = driver
def setUserName(self,username):
self.driver.find_element_by_id(self.textbox_username_id).clear()
self.driver.find_element_by_id(self.textbox_username_id).send_keys(username)
def setPassword(self,password):
self.driver.find_element_by_id(self.textbox_password_id).clear()
self.driver.find_element_by_id(self.textbox_password_id).send_keys(password)
def clickLogin(self):
self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(self.button_login_xpath).click()
def clickLogout(self):
self.driver.find_element_by_link_text(self.link_logout_linktext).click()
In testCases I have test_login.py and conftest.py
I'll show conftest.py first
from selenium import webdriver
import pytest
#pytest.fixture()
def setup():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
return driver
and test_login.py
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from pageObjects.LoginPage import LoginPage
from testCases import conftest
class Test_001_Login:
baseURL = "https://admin=demo.nopcommerce.com/"
username = "admin#yourstore.com"
password = "admin"
def __init__(self):
self.lp = LoginPage(self.driver)
self.driver = conftest.setup
def test_homePageTitle(self, setup):
self.driver = setup
self.driver.get(self.baseURL)
act_title = self.driver.title
self.driver.close()
if act_title == "Your store. Login":
assert True
else:
assert False
def test_login(self, setup):
self.driver = setup
self.driver.get(self.baseURL)
self.lp.setUserName(self.username)
self.lp.setPassword(self.password)
self.lp.clickLogin()
act_title = self.driver.title
if act_title == "Dashboard / nopCommerce administration":
assert True
else:
assert False
There are 2 issues.
conftest.py is supposed to be a special type of class/fixture. I should be able to call it to create an instance of webdriver.Chrome(). However it does not work. In test_login.py when i call 'setup' I get an error 'unresolved reference 'setup''. So I've had to manually import it as a work around. Isn't the whole point of the conftest.py file so that my test_* files have access to the webdriver in conftest.py wihtout having to import it?
When i try to run the test_login.py file, I get a warning and 0 items are collected - testCases\test_login.py:6
C:\Users\Mirza\PycharmProjects\nopcommerceApp\testCases\test_login.py:6: PytestCollectionWarning: cannot collect test class 'Test_001_Login' because it has a init constructor (from: testCases/test_login.py)
class Test_001_Login:
I have absolutely no idea what to do here. Why can't my class Test_001_Login have an init constructor? I need it to create an instance of the LoginPage class and to create an instance of the webdriver from conftest.py.
Any help would be greatly appreciated.

How do I import selenium webdriver tests from one Python file to another?

I'm incredibly new to separating modules. I have this long Python script that I want to separate into different files by class and run them collectively in the same browser instance/window. The reason for this is all the tests are reliant on being logged into the same session. I'd like to do a universal setUp, then login, and then pull the different tests in one after another.
Folder structure is:
ContentCreator
- main.py
- _init_.py
- Features
- login.py
- pytest.py
- _init_.py
Here is my code:
login.py
import unittest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
import time
import json
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
class logIn(unittest.TestCase):
#classmethod
def test_login(self):
"""Login"""
driver.get("sign_in_url")
# load username and pw through a json file
with open('path/to/file.json', 'r') as f:
config = json.load(f)
# login
driver.find_element_by_id("email").click()
driver.find_element_by_id("email").clear()
driver.find_element_by_id("email").send_keys(config['user']['name'])
driver.find_element_by_id("password").click()
driver.find_element_by_id("password").clear()
driver.find_element_by_id("password").send_keys(config['user']['password'])
driver.find_element_by_id("submit").click()
time.sleep(3)
print("You are Logged In!")
pytest.py
import time
import unittest
from datetime import datetime
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from displays import DISPLAY_TYPES, DISPLAY_NAMES
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
#driver.get("url")
class createContent(unittest.TestCase):
#classmethod
def test_add_required(self):
"""Test adding all the required fields across all sites:"""
for i in range(1):
"""This is the number of each type of article that will be created."""
for i in range(1):
"""This is how many different article types that will be created."""
print("create new content")
time.sleep(1)
driver.find_element_by_link_text("Content").click()
time.sleep(1)
driver.find_element_by_link_text("Create New").click()
print("select a display type:")
display = DISPLAY_TYPES
display_type = driver.find_element_by_id(display[i])
display_type.click()
names = (DISPLAY_NAMES[i])
print(names), (" created and saved successfully!")
#classmethod
def tearDownClass(cls):
# close the browser window
driver.quit()
def is_element_present(self, how, what):
"""
Helper method to confirm the presence of an element on page
:params how: By locator type
:params what: locator value
"""
try:
driver.find_element(by=how, value=what)
except NoSuchElementException:
return False
return True
main.py
import unittest
from HtmlTestRunner import HTMLTestRunner
from features.login import logIn
from features.pytest import createContent
login_script = unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromTestCase(logIn)
add_pytest = unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromTestCase(createContent)
# create a test suite combining all tests
test_suite = unittest.TestSuite([login, add_pytest])
# create output
runner = HTMLTestRunner(output='Test Results')
# run the suite
runner.run(test_suite)
When running the above code it opens two browser sessions, and only the login script get executed. The test fails do to not finding the elements outlined in the next script.
EDIT:
Alfonso Jimenez or anyone else, here's what I have so far...
Folder structure:
- Files
- singleton.py
- singleton2.py
New Singleton code...
singleton.py:
from robot.api import logger
from robot.utils import asserts
from selenium import webdriver
class Singleton(object):
instance = None
def __new__(cls, base_url, browser='chrome'):
if cls.instance is None:
i = object.__new__(cls)
cls.instance = i
cls.base_url = base_url
cls.browser = browser
if browser == "chrome":
# Create a new instance of the Chrome driver
cls.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
else:
# Sorry, we can't help you right now.
asserts.fail("Support for Chrome only!")
else:
i = cls.instance
return i
singleton2.py:
import time
import json
from datetime import datetime
from singleton import Singleton
driver = Singleton('base_url')
def teardown_module(module):
driver.quit()
class logIn(object):
def test_login(self):
"""Login"""
driver.get("url.com")
# load username and pw through a json file
with open('file.json', 'r') as f:
config = json.load(f)
# login
driver.find_element_by_id("email").click()
driver.find_element_by_id("email").clear()
driver.find_element_by_id("email").send_keys(config['user']['name'])
driver.find_element_by_id("password").click()
driver.find_element_by_id("password").clear()
driver.find_element_by_id("password").send_keys(config['user']['password'])
driver.find_element_by_id("submit").click()
time.sleep(3)
print("You are Logged In!")
# take screenshot
driver.save_screenshot('path/screenshot_{}.png'.format(datetime.now()))
The result is that an instance of Chrome kicks off, but nothing happens. The base_url (or any other URL defined in my test) doesn't come up. The blank window is all I get. Any insights on what I'm doing wrong?

You're instantiating two times the selenium driver.
If you want to keep the same session opened you should pass the same object to both scripts, or import it, what it could be valid, however it would be a more dirty solution.
The best thing to do is create a singleton class to initiate the driver. Once you have done this, every time you create an object from this class you will get the a unique object of webdriver.
You can get an example from this answer.
You can also check more about singleton instances, they're a very common and very useful. You can check here.

I dont understand what you mean with robot, perhaps the testing framework?
You can write the singleton class wherever you want to. You will have to import the class from that place and then instantiate the object. Ex:
lib/singleton_web_driver.py
from robot.api import logger
from robot.utils import asserts
from selenium import webdriver
class Singleton(object):
instance = None
def __new__(cls, base_url, browser='firefox'):
if cls.instance is None:
i = object.__new__(cls)
cls.instance = i
cls.base_url = base_url
cls.browser = browser
if browser == "firefox":
# Create a new instance of the Firefox driver
cls.driver = webdriver.Firefox()
elif browser == "remote":
# Create a new instance of the Chrome driver
cls.driver = webdriver.Remote("http://localhost:4444/wd/hub", webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.HTMLUNITWITHJS)
else:
# Sorry, we can't help you right now.
asserts.fail("Support for Firefox or Remote only!")
else:
i = cls.instance
return i
and then in every script youre going to need the webdriver:
test_script_file.py
from lib.singleton_web_driver import Singleton
driver = Singleton('base_url')
This just a dummy code, I dindnt test it. The important point is to create the class with the _new_ method where you can check if the class has already been called. The import is just like any other class import, you write the class in a folder and then import it in the scripts youre going to use.

I had a similar problem. My solution was just to initiate the driver in the main file and then to use this driver within the imported files and functions. Like in this example to change createContent(unittest.TestCase) to createContent(unittest.TestCase, driver)

Import Selenium IDE script as unittest.TestCase and Modify Dynamically

I am writing a program in python that will generate more robust data and reports from Selenium tests. I want to be able to export a test case from Selenium IDE from Firefox, and without modifying that specific exported python file, inject it into my script and allow my script to make modifications such as changing the webdriver (part of the implementation is for a Nagios server, which will use PhantomJS as the driver) and pulling request information and screenshots for reporting (Btw, I know I can change the driver in the IDE template, but it's just an example).
Lets say I have a file exported from the IDE path/to/mytests/search.py:
import...
class Search(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.driver = webdriver.Firefox()
self.base_url = 'http://www.example.com'
def test_search(self):
driver = self.driver
driver.get(self.base_url)
elem = self.driver.find_element_by_name('q')
elem.send_keys('nagios')
elem.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)
assert 'No results found.' not in self.driver.page_source
driver.get(self.base_url + '/status')
assert 'OK' in self.driver.page_source
def tearDown(self):
self.driver.quit()
I want my script to be able to do this:
python -m my_wrapper mytests.search --url 'http://www.google.com'
Which will somehow import search.py, create a new testcase from it, and allow me to override the setUp/tearDown methods (changing the driver to PhantomJS, modifying the base URL from the sys.argv), and allow for catching errors and writing information related to where a failed test might have stopped (since there are two different URL calls, a screenshot of that page will be exported for wherever the driver is currently at).
I'm thinking something like my_wrapper.__main__:
# get 'mytests.search' from argparse
dirname, module = os.path.split('mytests.search'.replace('.', '/'))
suite = unittest.TestLoader().discover(dirname, pattern='%s.py' % module)
# Modify testcases here <-- THIS IS THE HARD PART
#
# Is there a way to inject the tests into another testCase class?
#
# class BaseClass(unittest.TestCase):
# def setUp(self):
# self.driver = webdriver.PhantomJS()
# ...
#
# def runTest(self): pass
#
# def tearDown(self): ...
#
# then...
new_suite = unittest.TestSuite()
for sub_suite in master_suite: #<-- iterating over the above suite here
for tests in sub_suite._tests: #<-- why do you have to do this twice?
for test_name in tests._tests:
# This doesn't work but show's my thought process
mytest = BaseClass(methodName=test_name)
setattr(mytest, test_func, getattr(tests, test_name))
new_suite.addTest(mytest)
try:
result = unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2).run(new_suite)
except (SOME_SELENIUM_ERROR):
# get the screenshot, save to file <-- don't know how to do this either
Anyway, any help into this would be appreciated. I would really like to keep this code as simple as possible using as much of what's available as I can.
Note: Other than selenium and PhantomJS, I'm also wary of using other dependencies like non-standard libraries, etc, for a number of policy reasons.
...

Hi my friend i have been searchin something like this for few days. I found this question in stackoverflow
Python unittest passing arguments
so you code should be like this:
import sys
import unittest
class Search(unittest.TestCase):
URL = ""
def setUp(self):
self.driver = webdriver.Firefox()
self.base_url = 'http://www.example.com'
def test_search(self):
driver = self.driver
driver.get(self.base_url)
elem = self.driver.find_element_by_name('q')
elem.send_keys('nagios')
elem.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)
assert 'No results found.' not in self.driver.page_source
driver.get(self.base_url + '/status')
assert 'OK' in self.driver.page_source
def tearDown(self):
self.driver.quit()
if __name__ == "__main__":
Search.URL=sys.argv.pop()
unittest.main()
I hope this is what you was looking for.
to execute you should do:
python mySearchTest.py "http://example.com"

Attribute error in python unittest

On executing this unittest getting
AttributeError: 'BaseUnit' object has no attribute 'driver'
import unittest
import redis
from selenium import webdriver
redis = redis.Redis(host='abc', port='123')
keys = redis.keys('*')
raw_baseunit = redis.get('test:baseunit')`enter code here`
class BaseUnit(unittest.TestCase):
def setup(self):
self.driver = webdriver.PhantomJS()
def test(self):
self.driver.get("myurl")
self.driver.find_element_by_id('username').send_keys("ngeo_pur1")
self.driver.find_element_by_id('password').send_keys("anything")
self.driver.find_element_by_xpath('html/body/div[1]/div[3]/div/section/div/form/ul/li[5]/div[2]/div/input').click()
self.driver.get("url")
self.driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text("18757424").click()
self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(".//*[#id='tabs']/nav/ul/li[2]/a/i").click()
Actual = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(".//*[#id='subcat_baseModelSection.baseModelChoice']/div/div[1]").text
keys = redis.keys('*')
raw_baseunit = redis.get('test:baseUnit')
print "Actual Base Unit=",Actual
print "Expected Base Unit=",raw_baseunit
self.assetEquals(raw_baseunit,Actual)
def teardown(self):
self.driver.quit()
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
Tried changing the class name 'BaseUnit' as well

Try modifying the setup class's name to this. I just read the doc and the setup class is written with the U in uppercase
def setUp(self):
self.driver = webdriver.PhantomJS()

The methods you want to override in unittest.TestCase are setUp and tearDown (note the capital "U" and "D"), not setup and teardown.
Your all-lowercase setup method doesn't get called before the test methods run (if it gets called at all), so the self.driver attribute doesn't exist when then test method tries to use it.

Running all selenium tests inside a test case

I have multiple tests inside one test case but I am noticing that it is only running the first test
import unittest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
class Test(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.driver = webdriver.Firefox()
self.base_url = "http://www.example.com/"
def test_Google(self):
driver = self.driver
driver.implicitly_wait(10)
driver.get(self.base_url)
def fill_contact(self):
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//a[contains(.,"Contact")]').click()
driver.implicitly_wait(10)
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//input[#type="submit"][#value="Send"]').click()
# def tearDown(self):
# self.driver.quit()
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()
Whenever I run this it only runs
def test_Google(self)
and nothing after that. am I doing something wrong?

Methods must begin with 'test' to be automatically run.
Per the docs:
A testcase is created by subclassing unittest.TestCase. The three
individual tests are defined with methods whose names start with the
letters test. This naming convention informs the test runner about
which methods represent tests. (my emphasis)
The TestLoader is responsible for loading test and returning them wrapped in a TestSuite. It uses this method to identify tests:
class TestLoader(object):
testMethodPrefix = 'test'
def getTestCaseNames(self, testCaseClass):
"""Return a sorted sequence of method names found within testCaseClass
"""
def isTestMethod(attrname, testCaseClass=testCaseClass,
prefix=self.testMethodPrefix):
return attrname.startswith(prefix) and \
hasattr(getattr(testCaseClass, attrname), '__call__')
testFnNames = filter(isTestMethod, dir(testCaseClass))
...
Thus, the attrname.startswith(prefix) checks if the method name begins with 'test'.

As an alternative to what #unubtu noted:
you can use a nose test runner and mark a method with #istest decorator:
from nose.tools import istest
class Test(unittest.TestCase):
...
#istest
def fill_contact(self):
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//a[contains(.,"Contact")]').click()
driver.implicitly_wait(10)
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//input[#type="submit"][#value="Send"]').click()
Besides, here is a pretty good overview of the unittest test discovery:
How does Python's unittest module detect test cases?