I am creating a table in python GUI using the pack method where students can enter their name by "requesting" help.
Below is a modified and simplified version of my code.
import tkinter as tk
class App(object):
def __init__(self, master):
self._master = master
master.title = 'Table'
master.geometry('600x600')
frame = tk.Frame(master).pack()
button = tk.Button(frame, text="Ask for help",
command=self.request_help)
button.pack(side=tk.TOP)
# frame for hashtag
self._hashtagframe = tk.Frame(frame)
self._hashtagframe.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
# frame for Names
self._nameframe = tk.Frame(frame)
self._nameframe.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
# frame for buttons
self._timeframe = tk.Frame(frame).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
def request_help(self):
name = "BOB" # they enter some name
num = "number" # they are some number
namelabel=tk.Label(self._nameframe, text=name).pack(side=tk.TOP)
numlabel=tk.Label(self._hashtagframe, text=num).pack(side=tk.TOP)
student_timeframe = tk.Frame(self._timeframe).pack(side=tk.TOP)
redbutton = tk.Button(student_timeframe, command=blah1)
redbutton.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
greenbutton= tk.Button(student_timeframe, command=blah2)
greenbutton.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
When a student enters their name, in the button frame, a red and green button must appear. I am attempting to get this all in the same 'row' by creating a frame to put those 2 buttons in. However, when I run this code, the two buttons are veering way off to the side.
I have tried altering everything yet the text and 2 buttons keep veering over to the right. Does anyone know why this is?
You do
student_timeframe = tk.Frame(self._timeframe).pack(side=tk.TOP, anchor=tk.W, expand=True)
This stores the return value of pack() in student_timeframe, which is None.
Therefore, you don't actually pack your timelabel, redbutton and greenbutton in this frame, because you pass None as their parent, which makes it default to the root window.
Split up the line like
student_timeframe = tk.Frame(self._timeframe)
student_timeframe.pack(side=tk.TOP, anchor=tk.W, expand=True)
so that student_timeframe actually holds a reference to the Frame.
Related
I'm trying to create a series of tkinter buttons with a loop that are .grid'd to their own respective frames. I want every button to have a function that .tkraises the next frame in the list of frames that I create. Any idea how? Here's what I've got. The buttons/ frames are created I think but the .tkraise function doesn't work. Thanks
from tkinter import *
from PIL import ImageTk, Image
## Define root and geometry
root = Tk()
root.geometry('200x200')
# Define Frames
winlist = list()
winlist = Frame(root, bg='red'), Frame(root, bg='green'), Frame(root, bg='blue')
# Configure Rows
root.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight = 1)
root.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight = 1)
# Place Frames
for window in winlist:
window.grid(row=0, column = 0, sticky = 'news')
# Raises first window 'To the top'
winlist[0].tkraise()
# Function to raise 'window' to the top
def raise_frame(window):
window.tkraise()
d = {}
count = 0
for x in range(0, 3):
d["label{0}".format(x)] = Label(winlist[x], text = "label{0}".format(x))
if count <=1:
try:
d["button{0}".format(x)] = Button(winlist[x], text = "button{0}".format(x), command = raise_frame(winlist[x+1]))
d["button{0}".format(x)].pack(side=TOP)
except:
pass
else:
d["label{0}".format(x)].pack(side=TOP)
count += 1
root.mainloop()
The issue is on the command option of the line:
d["button{0}".format(x)] = Button(winlist[x], text = "button{0}".format(x), command = raise_frame(winlist[x+1]))
It will execute raise_frame(winlist[x+1]) immediately and then assign the result (which is None) to command option. Therefore, clicking the button later does nothing.
You need to use lambda instead:
d["button{0}".format(x)] = Button(winlist[x], text="button{0}".format(x),
command=lambda x=x: raise_frame(winlist[x+1]))
I answered my own question. instead of using frames I went back to creating Tk() objects. I made a loop that runs a function that creates Tk() objects and passed in a variable that carried the count of my loop. I used that count to change information on each Tk() object and instead made the 'command =' of each button include a Tk().destroy function. This creates all the windows I wanted all at once and I can perform an action and exit the window. It's progress. Thanks,
Tim,
This question already has answers here:
tkinter creating buttons in for loop passing command arguments
(3 answers)
Closed 6 months ago.
I am trying to program a minesweeper game on python using tkinter. I started off by creating a grid of buttons using a two dimensional list, and the generation of the button and everything works. The only issue I have is that I don't know how to determine which button in my grid is clicked. My goal is to be able to click on a button and through that I know the coordinates of that in my grid [row][col].
This is the code I have so far.
from tkinter import *
from functools import partial
from itertools import product
# Here, we are creating our class, Window, and inheriting from the Frame
# class. Frame is a class from the tkinter module. (see Lib/tkinter/__init__)
class Window(Frame):
# Define settings upon initialization. Here you can specify
def __init__(self, master=None):
# parameters that you want to send through the Frame class.
Frame.__init__(self, master)
#reference to the master widget, which is the tk window
self.master = master
#with that, we want to then run init_window, which doesn't yet exist
numRows = int(input("# of Rows: "))
numCols = int(input("# of Cols: "))
self.init_window(numRows, numCols)
#Creation of init_window
def init_window(self, rowNum, colNum):
# print(x, y)
# changing the title of our master widget
self.master.title("GUI")
# allowing the widget to take the full space of the root window
self.pack(fill=BOTH, expand=1)
# creating a button instance
#quitButton = Button(self, text="Exit",command=self.client_exit)
# placing the button on my window
#quitButton.place(x=0, y=0)
but = []
for row in range(0, rowNum):
curRow = []
for col in range(0, colNum):
curRow.append(Button(self, bg="gray", width=2,height=1, command=lambda: self.open_button(row, col)))
curRow[col].grid(row=row,column=col)
but.append(curRow)
#but[1][1].config(state="disabled")
#but[1][1]["text"] = "3"
#but[1][1]["bg"] = "white"
def open_button(self, r, c):
print(r, " : ", c)
# root window created. Here, that would be the only window, but
# you can later have windows within windows.
root = Tk()
root.geometry("600x600")
#creation of an instance
app = Window(root)
#mainloop
root.mainloop()
Whenever I click on the grid, it gives me the very last button...
For example, a 9x9 grid always gives me "9 : 9" whenever I click any button.
Solutions welcomed! I want an easy way to get the coordinates without changing too much of the code (if possible).
Thanks!
The row and col variables are assigned each value in the ranges. At the end of the loop that generates the buttons, the values for those variables are left at the last values in the ranges, e.g. "9 : 9".
Try replacing the line
curRow.append(Button(self, bg="gray", width=2,height=1, command=lambda: self.open_button(row, col)))
with
curRow.append(Button(self, bg="gray", width=2,height=1, command=lambda rw=row, cl=col: self.open_button(rw, cl)))
This assigns the values of row and col at the time the button is created to the variables rw and cl, which remain the same for each button as the for-loop iterates.
See this link:
Tkinter assign button command in loop with lambda
I'm trying to clear a tkinter window completely. However, I need a way to clear every widget on the window all at once without using pack.forget().
You could use a simple recursive loop to list all the children wigets of your main window :
def all_children (window) :
_list = window.winfo_children()
for item in _list :
if item.winfo_children() :
_list.extend(item.winfo_children())
return _list
Then just use this list :
widget_list = all_children(window)
for item in widget_list:
item.pack_forget()
What you need to do is set a frame to your main window and place everything that is to be cleared out at some point inside that frame. Then you simply do frame_name.destroy()
The following example has a button that creates a frame with several label widgets and a button.
The button calls a method that will destroy the frame and everything in it.
Then you can create the frame again with the first button.
Let me know if you have any question:
import tkinter as tk
class ExampleApp(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, master):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.master = master
self.some_frame = None
tk.Button(self.master, text="Create new frame with widgets!", command = self.create_stuff).pack()
def create_stuff(self):
if self.some_frame == None:
self.some_frame = tk.Frame(self.master)
self.some_frame.pack()
for i in range(5):
tk.Label(self.some_frame, text = "This is label {}!".format(i+1)).pack()
tk.Button(self.some_frame, text="Destroy all widgets in this frame!",
command= self.destroy_some_frame).pack()
def destroy_some_frame(self):
self.some_frame.destroy()
self.some_frame = None
root = tk.Tk()
my_example = ExampleApp(root)
root.mainloop()
You can use destroy method for each widget for example if it's a button you write btn1.destroy() and do it for all widgets. The forget method isn't recommended for it only remove the widgets from appearance.
In Python/Tkinter, I am trying to get a value (integer) from a frame, do a calculation on it and return it as an output. I was able to make it work when using only a master frame and putting everything in that one frame. Now I want to separate it and another operation into their own frames.
My program converts board feet to Lineal feet (frame A) and
Lineal feet to board feet (frame B).
I get errors like: NameError: global name 'b_entry' is not defined. I have a feeling I might be doing things like referencing frames (self, master, a_frame, etc.) improperly.
Here's a simple example:
import Tkinter as tk
class App:
def __init__(self, master):
self.master = master
master.grid()
b_frame = tk.Frame(master).grid(row=0)
b_name = tk.Label(b_frame, text='Blah').grid(row=1, columnspan=4)
b_label = tk.Label(b_frame, text='Label').grid(row=2, column=0)
b_entry = tk.Entry(b_frame).grid(row=2, column=1)
b_output = tk.Label(b_frame, text='Output')
b_output.grid(row=3, columnspan=2)
b_button = tk.IntVar()
tk.Button(b_frame, text='calc', command=self.convert).grid(row=4, columnspan=2)
def convert(self):
a = int(b_entry.get())
result = int(a * a)
b_output.configure(text=result)
root = tk.Tk()
App(root)
root.mainloop()
I see two issues.
You should not assign a widget to a variable and pack/grid it on the same line. This causes the variable to have a value of None, because that's what pack and grid return. This will screw up your widget hierarchy because when b_frame is None, tk.Label(b_frame, ... will make the label a child of the Tk window instead of the Frame.
If you want a variable to be visible in all of a class' methods, you should assign it as an attribute of self.
So you should change lines like
b_entry = tk.Entry(b_frame).grid(row = 2, column = 1)
To
self.b_entry = tk.Entry(b_frame)
self.b_entry.grid(row = 2, column = 1)
Then you will be able to properly reference the entry in convert.
a = int(self.b_entry.get())
i am going to create an tkinter gui app, and i know how i want it to look. but after playing around with tkinter, i found no way to toggle between screens when you press buttons down at the bottom. i know it does nothing but below is the simple layout i want to have, and switch between "myframe1" and "myframe2" kind of like the Apple App Store layout. is this possible?
from tkinter import *
tk = Tk()
tk.geometry("300x300")
myframe1 = Frame(tk,background="green",width=300,height=275)
myframe1.pack()
myframe2 = Frame(tk,background="cyan",width=300,height=275)
myframe2.pack()
btnframe = Frame(tk)
btn1 = Button(btnframe,text="screen1",width=9)
btn1.pack(side=LEFT)
btn2 = Button(btnframe,text="screen2",width=9)
btn2.pack(side=LEFT)
btn3 = Button(btnframe,text="screen3",width=9)
btn3.pack(side=LEFT)
btn4 = Button(btnframe,text="screen4",width=9)
btn4.pack(side=LEFT)
myframe1.pack()
btnframe.pack()
tk.mainloop()
something for you to get started with:
def toggle(fshow,fhide):
fhide.pack_forget()
fshow.pack()
btn1 = Button(btnframe,text="screen1", command=lambda:toggle(myframe1,myframe2),width=9)
btn1.pack(side=LEFT)
btn2 = Button(btnframe,text="screen2",command=lambda:toggle(myframe2,myframe1),width=9)
btn2.pack(side=LEFT)
Are you looking for something like a tabbed widget? You could use forget and pack as suggested here
Here is a class that I use in my code that works:
class MultiPanel():
"""We want to setup a pseudo tabbed widget with three treeviews. One showing the disk, one the pile and
the third the search results. All three treeviews should be hooked up to exactly the same event handlers
but only one of them should be visible at any time.
Based off http://code.activestate.com/recipes/188537/
"""
def __init__(self, parent):
#This is the frame that we display
self.fr = tki.Frame(parent, bg='black')
self.fr.pack(side='top', expand=True, fill='both')
self.widget_list = []
self.active_widget = None #Is an integer
def __call__(self):
"""This returns a reference to the frame, which can be used as a parent for the widgets you push in."""
return self.fr
def add_widget(self, wd):
if wd not in self.widget_list:
self.widget_list.append(wd)
if self.active_widget is None:
self.set_active_widget(0)
return len(self.widget_list) - 1 #Return the index of this widget
def set_active_widget(self, wdn):
if wdn >= len(self.widget_list) or wdn < 0:
logger.error('Widget index out of range')
return
if self.widget_list[wdn] == self.active_widget: return
if self.active_widget is not None: self.active_widget.forget()
self.widget_list[wdn].pack(fill='both', expand=True)
self.active_widget = self.widget_list[wdn]