Pandas timeseries replace weekend with one value generated from the weekend mean - python

I have a multicolumn pandas dataframe, with rows for each day.
Now I would like to replace each weekend with it's mean values in one row.
I.e. (Fr,Sa,Su).resample().mean() --> (Weekend)
Not sure where to start even.
Thank you in advance.

import pandas as pd
from datetime import timedelta
# make some data
df = pd.DataFrame({'dt': pd.date_range("2018-11-27", "2018-12-12"), "val": range(0,16)})
# adjust the weekend dates to fall on the friday
df['shifted'] = [d - timedelta(days = max(d.weekday() - 4, 0)) for d in df['dt']]
# calc the mean
df2 = df.groupby(df['shifted']).val.mean()
df2
#Out[105]:
#shifted
#2018-11-27 0
#2018-11-28 1
#2018-11-29 2
#2018-11-30 4
#2018-12-03 6
#2018-12-04 7
#2018-12-05 8
#2018-12-06 9
#2018-12-07 11
#2018-12-10 13
#2018-12-11 14
#2018-12-12 15

Related

How to add day of the year column w.r.t Date in pandas

I have a date column and I want to add the day of year(1-365), day of half year(1-182), day of quarter(1-92) and day of half quarter(1-46) columns to my dataframe w.r.t date.
In R we can use
df$half_year = df$yearday %% 182
Can anyone help me with this?
the pandas.Timestamp has a descriptor called dayofyear which you can call like this: pd.Timestamp.dayofyear
import pandas as pd
# create dates
some_dates = pd.date_range(
start=pd.to_datetime('07-02-1990', format='%m-%d-%Y'),
end=pd.to_datetime('07-04-1990', format='%m-%d-%Y'),
)
# store in pandas df
some_df = pd.DataFrame()
some_df['Date'] = some_dates
# get day of years
some_df['day_of_year'] = some_df.Date.dt.dayofyear
some_df['day_of_half_year'] = some_df.Date.dt.dayofyear % 182
print(some_df)
>>> Date day_of_year day_of_half_year
0 1990-07-02 183 1
1 1990-07-03 184 2
2 1990-07-04 185 3

Elegant pandas pre-fill using date_range with various possible freq settings

I am trying to prefill a dataframe akin to:
In the sample I am randomly removing some rows to highlight the challenge. I am trying to *elegantly calculate the dti value. The dti value in the first row would be 0 (even if first row is deleted as per script) but as gaps appear in the dti sequence needs to skip the missing rows. A logical approach would be to divide dt/delta to create a unique integer representing the bucket but nothing I tried felt or seemed elegant.
A bit of code to help simulate the problem:
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
start = datetime.now()
nin = 24
delta='4H'
df = pd.date_range( start, periods=nin, freq=deltadf, name ='dt')
# remove some random data points
frac_points = 8/24 # Fraction of points to retain
r = np.random.rand(nin)
df = df[r <= frac_points] # reduce the number of points
df = df.to_frame(index=False) # reindex
df['dti'] = ...
Thank you in advance,
One solution is to divide the time differences between each row by the timedelta:
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
start = datetime.now()
nin = 24
delta='4H'
df = pd.date_range(start, periods=nin, freq=delta, name='dt')
# Round to nearest ten minutes for better readability
df = df.round('10min')
# Ensure reproducibility
np.random.seed(1)
# remove some random data points
frac_points = 8/24 # Fraction of points to retain
r = np.random.rand(nin)
df = df[r <= frac_points] # reduce the number of points
df = df.to_frame(index=False) # reindex
df['dti'] = df['dt'].diff() / pd.to_timedelta(delta)
df['dti'] = df['dti'].fillna(0).cumsum().astype(int)
df
dt dti
0 2019-03-17 18:10:00 0
1 2019-03-17 22:10:00 1
2 2019-03-18 02:10:00 2
3 2019-03-18 06:10:00 3
4 2019-03-18 10:10:00 4
5 2019-03-19 10:10:00 10
6 2019-03-19 18:10:00 12
7 2019-03-20 10:10:00 16
8 2019-03-20 14:10:00 17
9 2019-03-21 02:10:00 20

grouping time-series data based on starting and ending date

I have time-series data of a yearly sports tournament, with the date when each game was played. I want to group the games by the season(year) they were played in. Each season starts in August and ends the NEXT year in july.
How would I go about grouping the games by season, like -
season(2016-2017), season(2017-2018), etc..
This Answer involving df.resample() may be related, but I'm not sure how I'd go about doing it.
This is what the date column looks like:
DATE
26/09/09
04/10/09
17/10/09
25/10/09
31/10/09
...
29/09/18
07/10/18
28/10/18
03/11/18
I want to group by seasons so that I can perform visualization operations over the aggregated data.
UPDATE: For the time being my solution is to split up the dataframe into groups of 32 as I know each season has 32 games. This is the code I've used:
split_df = np.array_split(df, np.arange(0, len(df),32))
But I'd rather prefer something more elegant and more inclusive of time-series data so I'll keep the question open.
The key to success is proper grouping, in your case pd.Grouper(key='DATA', freq='AS-AUG').
Note that freq='AS-AUG' states that your groups should start from the start of
August each year.
Look at the following script:
import pandas as pd
# Source columns
dates = [ '01/04/09', '31/07/09', '01/08/09', '26/09/09', '04/10/09', '17/12/09',
'25/01/10', '20/04/10', '31/07/10', '01/08/10', '28/10/10', '03/11/10',
'25/12/10', '20/04/11', '31/07/11' ]
scores_x = np.random.randint(0, 20, len(dates))
scores_y = np.random.randint(0, 20, len(dates))
# Source DataFrame
df = pd.DataFrame({'DATA': dates, 'SCORE_X': scores_x, 'SCORE_Y': scores_y})
# Convert string date to datetime
df.DATA = pd.to_datetime(df.DATA, format='%d/%m/%y')
# Grouping
gr = df.groupby(pd.Grouper(key='DATA', freq='AS-AUG'))
If you print the results:
for name, group in gr:
print()
print(name)
print(group)
you will get:
2008-08-01 00:00:00
DATA SCORE_X SCORE_Y
0 2009-04-01 16 11
1 2009-07-31 10 7
2009-08-01 00:00:00
DATA SCORE_X SCORE_Y
2 2009-08-01 19 6
3 2009-09-26 14 5
4 2009-10-04 8 11
5 2009-12-17 12 19
6 2010-01-25 0 0
7 2010-04-20 17 6
8 2010-07-31 18 2
2010-08-01 00:00:00
DATA SCORE_X SCORE_Y
9 2010-08-01 15 18
10 2010-10-28 2 4
11 2010-11-03 8 16
12 2010-12-25 13 1
13 2011-04-20 19 7
14 2011-07-31 8 3
As you can see, each group starts just on 1-st of August and ends on
31-st of July.
They you can do with your groups whatever you want.
Use -
df.groupby(df['DATE'].dt.year).count()
Output
DATE
DATE
2009 5
2018 4
Custom Season Grouping
min_year = df['DATE'].dt.year.min()
max_year = df['DATE'].dt.year.max()
rng = pd.date_range(start='{}-07'.format(min_year), end='{}-08'.format(max_year), freq='12M').to_series()
df.groupby(pd.cut(df['DATE'], rng)).count()
Output
DATE
DATE
(2009-07-31, 2010-07-31] 3
(2010-07-31, 2011-07-31] 0
(2011-07-31, 2012-07-31] 0
(2012-07-31, 2013-07-31] 0
(2013-07-31, 2014-07-31] 0
(2014-07-31, 2015-07-31] 0
(2015-07-31, 2016-07-31] 0
(2016-07-31, 2017-07-31] 0
(2017-07-31, 2018-07-31] 1
Resampling using 'A-JUL' as an anchored offset alias should do the trick:
>>> df
SAMPLE
DATE
2009-01-30 1
2009-07-10 4
2009-11-20 3
2010-01-01 5
2010-05-13 1
2010-08-01 1
>>> df.resample('A-JUL').sum()
SAMPLE
DATE
2009-07-31 5
2010-07-31 9
2011-07-31 1
A indicates it is a yearly interval, -JUL indicates it ends in July.
You could build a season column and group by that. In below code, I used pandas.DateOffset() to move all dates 7 months back so a game that happened in August would look like it happened in January to align the season year with the calendar year. Building season string is fairly straightforward after that.
import pandas as pd
from datetime import date
dates = pd.date_range(date(2009, 8, 1), date(2018, 7, 30), freq='17d')
df = pd.DataFrame(dates, columns=['date'])
# copy the date column to a separate dataframe to do the work
df_tmp = df[['date']]
df_tmp['season_start_year'] = (df_tmp['date'] - pd.DateOffset(months=7)).dt.year
df_tmp['season_end_year'] = df_tmp['season_start_year'] + 1
df_tmp['season'] = df_tmp['season_start_year'].map(str) + '-' + df_tmp['season_end_year'].map(str)
# copy season column to the main dataframe
df['season'] = df_tmp['season']
df.groupby('season').count()

Pandas: Group by bi-monthly date field

I am trying to group by hospital staff working hours bi monthly. I have raw data on daily basis which look like below.
date hourse_spent emp_id
9/11/2016 8 1
15/11/2016 8 1
22/11/2016 8 2
23/11/2016 8 1
How I want to group by is.
cycle hourse_spent emp_id
1/11/2016-15/11/2016 16 1
16/11/2016-31/11/2016 8 2
16/11/2016-31/11/2016 8 1
I am trying to do the same with grouper and frequency in pandas something as below.
data.set_index('date',inplace=True)
print data.head()
dt = data.groupby(['emp_id', pd.Grouper(key='date', freq='MS')])['hours_spent'].sum().reset_index().sort_values('date')
#df.resample('10d').mean().interpolate(method='linear',axis=0)
print dt.resample('SMS').sum()
I also tried resampling
df1 = dt.resample('MS', loffset=pd.Timedelta(15, 'd')).sum()
data.set_index('date',inplace=True)
df1 = data.resample('MS', loffset=pd.Timedelta(15, 'd')).sum()
But this is giving data of 15 days interval not like 1 to 15 and 15 to 31.
Please let me know what I am doing wrong here.
You were almost there. This will do it -
dt = df.groupby(['emp_id', pd.Grouper(key='date', freq='SM')])['hours_spent'].sum().reset_index().sort_values('date')
emp_id date hours_spent
1 2016-10-31 8
1 2016-11-15 16
2 2016-11-15 8
The freq='SM' is the concept of semi-months which will use the 15th and the last day of every month
Put DateTime-Values into Bins
If I got you right, you basically want to put your values in the date column into bins. For this, pandas has the pd.cut() function included, which does exactly what you want.
Here's an approach which might help you:
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame({
'hours' : 8,
'emp_id' : [1,1,2,1],
'date' : [pd.datetime(2016,11,9),
pd.datetime(2016,11,15),
pd.datetime(2016,11,22),
pd.datetime(2016,11,23)]
})
bins_dt = pd.date_range('2016-10-16', freq='SM', periods=3)
cycle = pd.cut(df.date, bins_dt)
df.groupby([cycle, 'emp_id']).sum()
Which gets you:
cycle emp_id hours
------------------------ ------ ------
(2016-10-31, 2016-11-15] 1 16
2 NaN
(2016-11-15, 2016-11-30] 1 8
2 8
Had a similar question, here was my solution:
df1['BiMonth'] = df1['Date'] + pd.DateOffset(days=-1) + pd.offsets.SemiMonthEnd()
df1['BiMonth'] = df1['BiMonth'].dt.to_period('D')
The construction "df1['Date'] + pd.DateOffset(days=-1)" will take whatever is in the date column and -1 day.
The construction "+ pd.offsets.SemiMonthEnd()" converts it to a bimonthly basket, but its off by a day unless you reduce the reference date by 1.
The construction "df1['BiMonth'] = df1['BiMonth'].dt.to_period('D')" cleans out the time so you just have days.

Slice, combine, and map fiscal year dates to calendar year dates to new column

I have the following pandas data frame:
Shortcut_Dimension_4_Code Stage_Code
10225003 2
8225003 1
8225004 3
8225005 4
It is part of a much larger dataset that I need to be able to filter by month and year. I need to pull the fiscal year from the first two digits for values larger than 9999999 in the Shortcut_Dimension_4_Code column, and the first digit for values less than or equal to 9999999. That value needs to be added to "20" to produce a year i.e. "20" + "8" = 2008 | "20" + "10" = 2010.
That year "2008, 2010" needs to be combined with the stage code value (1-12) to produce a month/year, i.e. 02/2010.
The date 02/2010 then needs to converted from fiscal year date to calendar year date, i.e. Fiscal Year Date : 02/2010 = Calendar Year date: 08/2009. The resulting date needs to be presented in a new column. The resulting df would end up looking like this:
Shortcut_Dimension_4_Code Stage_Code Date
10225003 2 08/2009
8225003 1 07/2007
8225004 3 09/2007
8225005 4 10/2007
I am new to pandas and python and could use some help. I am beginning with this:
Shortcut_Dimension_4_Code Stage_Code CY_Month Fiscal_Year
0 10225003 2 8.0 10
1 8225003 1 7.0 82
2 8225003 1 7.0 82
3 8225003 1 7.0 82
4 8225003 1 7.0 82
I used .map and .str methods to produce this df, but have not been able to figure out how to get the FY's right, for fy 2008-2009.
In below code, I'll assume Shortcut_Dimension_4_Code is an integer. If it's a string you can convert it or slice it like this: df['Shortcut_Dimension_4_Code'].str[:-6]. More explanations in comments alongside the code.
That should work as long as you don't have to deal with empty values.
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from datetime import date
from dateutil.relativedelta import relativedelta
fiscal_month_offset = 6
input_df = pd.DataFrame(
[[10225003, 2],
[8225003, 1],
[8225004, 3],
[8225005, 4]],
columns=['Shortcut_Dimension_4_Code', 'Stage_Code'])
# make a copy of input dataframe to avoid modifying it
df = input_df.copy()
# numpy will help us with numeric operations on large collections
df['fiscal_year'] = 2000 + np.floor_divide(df['Shortcut_Dimension_4_Code'], 1000000)
# loop with `apply` to create `date` objects from available columns
# day is a required field in date, so we'll just use 1
df['fiscal_date'] = df.apply(lambda row: date(row['fiscal_year'], row['Stage_Code'], 1), axis=1)
df['calendar_date'] = df['fiscal_date'] - relativedelta(months=fiscal_month_offset)
# by default python dates will be saved as Object type in pandas. You can verify with `df.info()`
# to use clever things pandas can do with dates we need co convert it
df['calendar_date'] = pd.to_datetime(df['calendar_date'])
# I would just keep date as datetime type so I could access year and month
# but to create same representation as in question, let's format it as string
df['Date'] = df['calendar_date'].dt.strftime('%m/%Y')
# copy important columns into output dataframe
output_df = df[['Shortcut_Dimension_4_Code', 'Stage_Code', 'Date']].copy()
print(output_df)

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