I have thousands of text files on my disk.
I need to search for them in terms of selected words.
Currently, I use:
grep -Eri 'text1|text2|text3|textn' dir/ > results.txt
The result is saved to a file: results.txt
I would like the result to be saved to many files.
results_text1.txt, results_text2.txt, results_textn.txt
Maybe someone has encountered some kind of script eg in python?
One solution might be to use a bash for loop.
for word in text1 text2 text3 textn; do grep -Eri '$word' dir/ > results_$word.txt; done
You can run this directly from the command line.
By using combination of "sed" and "xargs"
echo "text1,text2,text3,textn" | sed "s/,/\n/g" | xargs -I{} sh -c "grep -ir {} * > result_{}"
One way (using Perl because it's easier for regex and one-liner).
Sample data:
% mkdir dir dir/dir1 dir/dir2
% echo -e "text1\ntext2\nnope" > dir/file1.txt
% echo -e "nope\ntext3" > dir/dir1/file2.txt
% echo -e "nope\ntext2" > dir/dir1/file3.txt
Search:
% find dir -type f -exec perl -ne '/(text1|text2|text3|textn)/ or next;
$pat = $1; unless ($fh{$pat}) {
($fn = $1) =~ s/\W+/_/ag;
$fn = "results_$fn.txt";
open $fh{$pat}, ">>", $fn;
}
print { $fh{$pat} } "$ARGV:$_"' {} \;
Content of results_text1.txt:
dir/file1.txt:text1
Content of results_text2.txt:
dir/dir2/file3.txt:text2
dir/file1.txt:text2
Content of results_text3.txt:
dir/dir1/file2.txt:text3
Note:
you need to put the pattern inside parentheses to capture it. grep doesn't allow one to do this.
the captured pattern is then filtered (s/\W+/_/ag means to replace nonalphanumeric characters with underscore) to ensure it's safe as part of a filename.
Related
I had around 10,000 text files in a directory,
I'd like to replace the text file headers with a same keyword (>zebra_cat).
Orginal file
head -n 1 dat.txt
>bghjallshkal
Modified file
head -n 1 dat.txt
>zebra_cat
sed '/^>/ s/.*/>dat/' *.txt
The output generates by sed is an concatenated file,
by adding loop, redirected output to a separate output files.
Is it possible to rename the header names with their respective file names ?
Orginal file
head -n 1 dat.txt
>xxxxxxxx ; zxf
Modified file
head -n 1 dat.txt
>dat
Suggestions please!
This is pretty simple using sed:
#!/bin/bash
filename="dat.txt" # Or maybe use Command-line parameter ${1}.
if [ ! -f ${filename} ]; then
echo "'${filename}' is not a file."
exit 1
elif [ ! -w ${filename} ]; then
echo "'${filename}' is not writable."
exit 1
fi
sed -i '1s/^.*$/> '${filename}'/' ${filename}
The -i option tells sed to update the file in-place.
I would like to rename folders name in specific path based on text list I will provide.
for example , I have folders list structure as following :
/home/XXX-01/$file1
/home/XXX-12/$file2
/home/XXX-23/$file66
/home/XXX-32/$file44
/home/XXX-123/$file65
and rand.txt file with details what folder name need to be change to , for example
XXX-22
XXX-33
XXX-55
XXX-4321
XXX-24456
the final folder structure would be like
/home/XXX-22/$file1
/home/XXX-33/$file2
/home/XXX-55/$file66
/home/XXX-4321/$file44
/home/XXX-24456/$file65
thank you
Using GNU awk version 4.0.2
awk 'NR==FNR { # Process the list of directories (direcs.txt)
map[NR]=$0 # Create an array indexed by the number record and with the directory as the value
}
NR!=FNR { # Process the output of the find command
newpath=gensub("(/home/)(.*)(/.*$)","\\1"map[NR]"\\3",$0); # Create the new path using the entry in the map array
newdir=gensub("(/home/)(.*)(/.*.txt$)","\\1"map[num],$0) # Create the directory to create.
print "mkdir "newdir # Print the mkdir command
print "mv "$0" "newpath # Print the command to execute
}' direcs.txt <(find /home -regextype posix-extended -regex "^.*[[:digit:]]+.*$")
One liner:
awk 'NR==FNR {map[NR]=$0} NR!=FNR { newpath=gensub("(/home/)(.*)(/.*.txt$)","\\1"map[NR]"\\3",$0);newdir=gensub("(/home/)(.*)(/.*.txt$)","\\1"map[num],$0);print "mkdir "newdir;print "mv "$0" "newpath }' direcs.txt <(find /home -regextype posix-extended -regex "^.*[[:digit:]]+.*$")
Once you are happy that the commands look as expected, execute by piping through to bash/sh and so
awk 'NR==FNR {map[NR]=$0} NR!=FNR { newpath=gensub("(/home/)(.*)(/.*.txt$)","\\1"map[NR]"\\3",$0);newdir=gensub("(/home/)(.*)(/.*.txt$)","\\1"map[num],$0);print "mkdir "newdir;print "mv "$0" "newpath }' direcs.txt <(find /home/robbo -regextype posix-extended -regex "^.*[[:digit:]]+.*$") | bash
I have to use the below bash command in a python script which includes multiple pip and grep commands.
grep name | cut -d':' -f2 | tr -d '"'| tr -d ','
I tried to do the same using subprocess module but didn't succeed.
Can anyone help me to run the above command in Python3 scripts?
I have to get the below output from a file file.txt.
Tom
Jack
file.txt contains:
"name": "Tom",
"Age": 10
"name": "Jack",
"Age": 15
Actually I want to know how can run the below bash command using Python.
cat file.txt | grep name | cut -d':' -f2 | tr -d '"'| tr -d ','
This works without having to use the subprocess library or any other os cmd related library, only Python.
my_file = open("./file.txt")
line = True
while line:
line = my_file.readline()
line_array = line.split()
try:
if line_array[0] == '"name":':
print(line_array[1].replace('"', '').replace(',', ''))
except IndexError:
pass
my_file.close()
If you not trying to parse a json file or any other structured file for which using a parser would be the best approach, just change your command into:
grep -oP '(?<="name":[[:blank:]]").*(?=",)' file.txt
You do not need any pipe at all.
This will give you the output:
Tom
Jack
Explanations:
-P activate perl regex for lookahead/lookbehind
-o just output the matching string not the whole line
Regex used: (?<="name":[[:blank:]]").*(?=",)
(?<="name":[[:blank:]]") Positive lookbehind: to force the constraint "name": followed by a blank char and then another double quote " the name followed by a double quote " extracted via (?=",) positive lookahead
demo: https://regex101.com/r/JvLCkO/1
I have much files like these(please see the screenshot):
30.230201521829.jpg
Mens-Sunglasses_L.180022111040.jpg
progressive-sunglasses.180041285287.jpg
Atmosphere.222314222509.jpg
Womens-Sunglasses-L.180023271958.jpg
DAILY ESSENTIALS.211919012115.jpg
aviator-l.Sunglasses.240202216759.jpg
aviator-l.Sunglasses.women.240202218530.jpg
I want to raname them to the following:
230201521829.jpg
180022111040.jpg
180041285287.jpg
222314222509.jpg
172254027299.jpg
211919012115.jpg
240202216759.jpg
240202218530.jpg
230201521829 is a timestamp ,180022111040 is a timestamp,180041285287 is a timestamp, etc.
Ensure that the final file name looks like "timestamp.jpg".
But I am not able to write the script more.
Sed(Bash) command or Python can be used to do it?
Could you give me a example? Thanks.
Using command substitution for renaming the file. Following code will loop to the current directory's (unless path is modified) jpg files.
Awk is used to filter out the penultimate and last column of file name which are separated by "." .
for file in *.jpg
do
mv "$file" $(echo "$file" |awk -F'.' '{print $(NF-1)"." $NF}')
done
I use python
examp.
import os
import sys
import glob
pth = "C:\Users\Test"
dir_show = os.listdir(pth)
for list_file in dir_show:
if list_file.endswith(".JPG"):
(shrname, exts) = os.path.splitext(list_file)
path = os.path.join(pth, list_file)
newname=os.path.join(pth,shrname[shrname.find(".")+1:len(shrname)]+".JPG")
os.rename(path,newname)
Using perl rename one-liner:
$ touch 30.230201521829.jpg Mens-Sunglasses_L.180022111040.jpg progressive-sunglasses.180041285287.jpg Atmosphere.222314222509.jpg Womens-Sunglasses-L.180023271958.jpg Womens-Eyeglasses-R.172254027299.jpg
$ ls -1
30.230201521829.jpg
Atmosphere.222314222509.jpg
Mens-Sunglasses_L.180022111040.jpg
progressive-sunglasses.180041285287.jpg
Womens-Eyeglasses-R.172254027299.jpg
Womens-Sunglasses-L.180023271958.jpg
$ prename -v 's/^[^.]*\.//' *.*.jpg
30.230201521829.jpg renamed as 230201521829.jpg
Atmosphere.222314222509.jpg renamed as 222314222509.jpg
Mens-Sunglasses_L.180022111040.jpg renamed as 180022111040.jpg
progressive-sunglasses.180041285287.jpg renamed as 180041285287.jpg
Womens-Eyeglasses-R.172254027299.jpg renamed as 172254027299.jpg
Womens-Sunglasses-L.180023271958.jpg renamed as 180023271958.jpg
You can use parameter expansion to strip off the extension, then
remove all but the last .-delimited field from the remaining name. After than, you can reapply the extension.
for f in *; do
ext=${f##*.}
base=${f%.$ext}
mv -- "$f" "${base##*.}.$ext"
done
The first line sets ext to the string following the last .. The second line sets base to the string that precedes the last . (by removing the last . and whatever $ext was set to). The third line constructs a new file name by first removing everything up to, and including, the final . in base, then reapplying the extension to the result.
#!/bin/bash/
echo "test: "
echo "" > 30.230201521829.jpg
echo "" > Mens-Sunglasses_L.180022111040.jpg
echo "" > progressive-sunglasses.180041285287.jpg
echo "" > Atmosphere.222314222509.jpg
echo "" > Womens-Sunglasses-L.180023271958.jpg
echo "" > DAILY\ ESSENTIALS.211919012115.jpg
echo "" > aviator-l.Sunglasses.240202216759.jpg
echo "" > aviator-l.Sunglasses.women.240202218530.jpg
echo "before: "
ls -ltr
for f in *.jpg; do
renamed=${f: -16}
mv "${f}" "${renamed}"
done
On Unix-like systems I use this script, which I'd like some help on porting to Python for execution on Windows hosts:
#!/bin/bash
SENTINEL_FILENAME='__sentinel__'
SENTINEL_MD5_CHECKSUM=''
SENTINEL_SHA_CHECKSUM=''
function is_directory_to_be_flattened() {
local -r directory_to_consider="$1"
local -r sentinel_filepath="${directory_to_consider}/${SENTINEL_FILENAME}"
if [ ! -f "${sentinel_filepath}" ]; then
return 1
fi
if [[
"$(
md5 "${sentinel_filepath}" \
| awk '{ print $NF }' 2> /dev/null
)" \
== "${SENTINEL_MD5_CHECKSUM}"
&& \
"$(
shasum -a 512 "${sentinel_filepath}" \
| awk '{ print $1 }' 2> /dev/null
)" \
== "${SENTINEL_SHA_CHECKSUM}"
]]; then
return 0
else
return 1
fi
}
function conditionally_flatten() {
local -r directory_to_flatten="$1"
local -r flatten_into_directory="$2"
if is_directory_to_be_flattened "${directory_to_flatten}"; then
if [ ! -d "${flatten_into_directory}" ]; then
mkdir -v "${flatten_into_directory}"
fi
for file_to_move in $(find ${directory_to_flatten} -type f -maxdepth 1); do
mv \
-v \
-n \
"${file_to_move}" \
"${flatten_into_directory}"
done
fi
}
function flatten_directory() {
local -r directory_to_flatten="$1"
local -r descend_depth="$2"
local -r flattened_directory="${directory_to_flatten}/__flattened__"
if [ ! -d "${directory_to_flatten}" ]; then
printf "The argument '%s' does not seem to be a directory.\n" \
"${directory_to_flatten}" \
>&2
return
fi
find "${directory_to_flatten}" \
-type d \
-maxdepth "${descend_depth}" \
| \
while read directory_path; do
conditionally_flatten \
"${directory_path}" \
"${flattened_directory}"
done
}
n_arguments="$#"
if [ "${n_arguments}" -eq 1 ]; then
flatten_directory "$1" '1' # maybe use a constant, not a "magic #" here?
else
echo usage: "$0" /path/to/directory/to/flatten
fi
unset is_directory_to_be_flattened
unset conditionally_flatten
unset flatten_directory
How would you port this to Win Python? I am a beginner in both Python and Bash scripting..
Feel free to upgrade my implementation as you port it if you find it lacking in any way too, with a justification please. This is not "Code Review" but a "thumbs up/thumbs down" on my effort in Bash would give me a sense of whether I am improving or I should change the way I study altogether...
Here we go, my attempt in Python: (criticise it hard if need be, it's the only way for me to learn!)
#!/usr/bin/env python2.7
import sys
import os
import shutil
SENTINEL_FILENAME=''
SENTINEL_MD5_CHECKSUM=''
SENTINEL_SHA_CHECKSUM=''
DEFAULT_DEPTH = 1
FLATTED_DIRECTORY_NAME = '__flattened__'
def is_directory_to_be_flattened(directory_to_consider):
sentinel_location = os.path.join(directory_to_consider, SENTINEL_FILENAME)
if not os.path.isfile(sentinel_location):
return False
import hashlib
with open(sentinel_location) as sentinel_file:
file_contents = sentinel_file.read()
return (hashlib.md5(file_contents).hexdigest() == SENTINEL_MD5_CHECKSUM
and hashlib.sha512(file_contents).hexdigest() == SENTINEL_SHA_CHECKSUM)
def flatten(directory, depth, to_directory, do_files_here):
if depth < 0:
return
contained_filenames = [f for f in os.listdir(directory)]
if do_files_here:
for filename in contained_filenames:
if filename == SENTINEL_FILENAME:
continue
filepath = os.path.join(directory, filename)
if not os.path.isfile(filepath):
continue
file_to = os.path.join(to_directory, filename)
if not os.path.isdir(to_directory):
os.makedirs(to_directory)
if not os.path.isfile(file_to):
print "Moving: '{}' -> '{}'".format(filepath, file_to)
shutil.move(filepath, file_to)
else:
sys.stderr.write('Error: {} exists already.\n'.format(file_to))
next_depth = depth - 1
for subdirectory in (d for d in contained_filenames if os.path.isdir(d)):
if is_directory_to_be_flattened(subdirectory):
flatten(subdirectory, next_depth, to_directory, True)
def flatten_directory(to_flatten, depth):
to_directory = os.path.join(to_flatten, FLATTED_DIRECTORY_NAME)
if not os.path.isdir(to_flatten):
sys.stderr.write(
'The argument {} does not seem to be a directory.\n'.format(
to_flatten))
return
flatten(to_flatten, depth, to_directory, False)
def main():
if len(sys.argv) == 2:
flatten_directory(sys.argv[1], DEFAULT_DEPTH)
else:
print 'usage: {} /path/to/directory/to/flatten'.format(sys.argv[0])
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
Although it's obvious from the code, the intent is:
Start at a given directory
Descend up to a certain depth
Consider subdirectories and move all files therein if and only if:
The directory contains a "sentinel file" with a given filename
The sentinel file is actually a sentinel file, not just a file renamed to the same name
Collate files in a __flattened__ directory under the directory in which the search started
Most file dealing functions in Python are in the module "os" - therein you will find
os.rename (for renaming or moving a directoruy entry), os.listdir - which gives you a listing of filenames in the directory, passed as first arg, os.walk - to recursively walk through a directory structure, os.path.walk, to do the same, but with a callback, os.path.exists, os.path.isdir, os.mkdir, are others that might be handy.
For a "quick and dirty" translation you might also cehck "os.system". which allows you to execute a shell command just like it was typed in the shell, and os.popen - which allows access to stdin and stdout of said process. A more carefull translation, tough, would require using anothe module: "subprocess" which can give one full control of a shell command executed as sub process (although if you need find, for example, it won't be available on windows)
Other moduless of interest are sys (sys.argv are the arguments passed to the script) and shutil (with things like copy, rmtree and such)
Your script does some error checking, and it is trivial, given the above funcion names in "os" and basic Python to add them - but a short "just do it" script in Python could be just:
import os, sys
dir_to_flatten = sys.argv[1]
for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(dir_to_flatten):
for filename in filenames:
try:
os.rename(os.path.join(dirpath, filename), os.path.join(dir_to_flatten, filename))
except OSError:
print ("Could not move %s " % os.path.join(dirpath, filename))