To be specific: My script uses another self-written script, call it sub_script which is placed in an subfolder. Furthermore, in the subfolder is an file which is uses a datasheet, placed in the subfolder, too.
#main_script
from subfolder import sub_script
sub_script.function()
#sub_scribt
import pandas as pd
def import():
data=pd.ExcelFile(Filename.xlsx)
print(data)
Error
[Errno 2] No such file or directory
So I guess this happens is because Python searches in the main-folder section and not in the sub-folder section. But how can I tell Python to exactly do that?
(It would be great if Python does this automatically, that means that it searches the data always in the sub-folder section, independently from the name of the sub-folder).
Thanks for your help!
Python only searches the current directory i.e. the directory that the entry-point script is running from, and sys.path.
try this:
#main_script
import sys
sys.path.insert(1, "/path/to/subfolder") # 0 is the script itself
import sub_script
Related
I have looked at I think 5 different answers to this problem, yet none of them have worked for me yet. For reference, I've looked through all of these posts:
Relative imports for the billionth time
Attempted relative import with no known parent package
"Attempted relative import with no known parent package"
From what I've gathered, there are two solutions to this problem:
Move the .py file you're trying to import functions from into the same directory as the script you're trying to run (this works, but it is not a good solution, I should be able to import from a parent directory without this error)
Create a __init__.py file in the directory of the .py file you're trying to import from, and use import package_name to it. (I have tried this, but same issue)
Here is my project's structure:
I'm trying to run the test.py script, which (attempts) to import the function add_technical_indicators from the add_technical_indicators.py file. My import statement looks like this:
from ..utils.add_technical_indicators import add_technical_indicators
Looking at the folder structure again, I have to go UP one directory, then into the utils folder to bring in the add_technical_indicators .py file, and finally the function add_technical_indicators.
Here's what I have tried so far:
from ..utils.add_technical_indicators import add_technical_indicators
from .utils.add_technical_indicators import add_technical_indicators
from utils.add_technical_indicators import add_technical_indicators (this doesn't work of course because add_technical_indicators is not in the same folder as the script being run)
Created an __init__.py file in the utils folder that reads import add_technical_indicators
Created an __init__.py file in the misc folder that reads import test
None of it works. I need a concise and actionable answer as to why this is still not working. I'm running Python 3.7.9, Windows 10, and VS code in case that matters.
I have looked through previous, repeat answers but none of them have worked for me, so although this IS a duplicate question, please do not close it until I have a solution because linking to the already "answered" questions didn't help me.
short solution
In test.py import as from utils.add_technical_indicators import add_technical_indicators
and run as python -m misc.test (not test.py) in parent directory(in STOCK_PEAKS_ADN_THROUGHS_2)
explained
python cannot import files from upper directory of your working directory unless you add them to PATH, so from ..utils.add_technical_indicators import add_technical_indicators won't work.
python finds files starting from your working directory, so from utils.add_technical_indicators import add_technical_indicators in test.py can find utils/add_technical_indicators.py if you run script at parent directory.
python -m misc.test will run misc/test.py in parent directory. Note that python misc/test.py will run script in misc directory and will give you same error.
You did the right thing here: from ..utils.add_technical_indicators import add_technical_indicators
The main issue must be in the imports of utils/add_technical_indicators.py file
Did you try importing stuffs inside add_technical_indicators.py relative to itself (if so, those imports only work when add_technical_indicators.py is run instead of test.py)
In contrast to what minolee has said Python actually can import files from upper directories. Python has a built-in SourceFileLoader that can load Python code from any file in the file system, also from any upper directory of your working directory.
It requires some boilerplate code, so I have decided to wrap this approach into an experimental import library: ultraimport
ultraimport can do file system based imports. In your test.py you could then write:
import ultraimport
add_technical_indicators = ultraimport('__dir__/../utils/add_technical_indicators.py')
This will always work, no matter what is your current working directory and no matter what is your current sys.path. You don't need to create __init__.py files and it also works if you run the code as a script or as a module.
One caveat when importing files like this is if the imported code contains further relative imports. ultraimport has a built-in preprocessor to automatically rewrite subsequent relative imports so they continue to work.
I am trying to use Lumerical in python. Lumerical is an electromagnetic simulation software that allows access via python. For more information, please refer to https://support.lumerical.com/hc/en-us/articles/360041873053
Anyway, to make it run, I need to import a module called lumapi. It's located in the program's directory:
C:\Program Files\Lumerical\v202\api\python\lumapi.py
So, naturally, to import it into my current script file, I used the following code:
import sys
sys.path.append(r"C:\Program Files\Lumerical\v202\api\python\lumapi.py")
import lumapi
But I got:
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'lumapi'
What I have tested
When I save the script file directly inside the folder where
lumapi is stored and just write import lumapi it works.
With sys.path I have tested if the directory was indeed added to
the path, and it seems to be the case
I also made sure that I have full write and read permission to the
folder where lumapi is stored
As per screen print, import shows error in Python 3.7 version, earlier it was working fine in version Python 2.7 and I am using IntelliJ Idea.
If you see, EOC related .py files are in the same folder and have classes which are being called in Main_EOC.py by passing objects which are inter-related. It's amazing to see the red line while importing files from same folder.
Please help me why it's showing such error
"This inspection detects names that should resolve but don't. Due to dynamic dispatch and duck typing, this is possible in a limited but useful number of cases. Top-level and class-level items are supported better than instance items.`"
Also, if you see the line which have full path, is not showing error
from EOC_Module.eoc.script.config import Config
Please help me if there is a way to add this full path on top of the code or other option.
The behavior of import path search changed between python2 and python3. The import path always includes the directory from which the main module was loaded, but it no longer includes directories from which modules were imported.
You need to change your import statement syntax as follows, if you want to import a module that lives in the same directory as the module in which you do the import:
# old way, import works if the named module is in this module's directory
import x
# new (Python3) way:
from . import x
For the second part: adding a path so all code can import from a certain directory: if that directory is (and will always be) relative to your main: you can add a few lines in the main module to make it available. Something like this:
import sys # if you haven't imported it already
import os.path
home = os.path.dirname(sys.argv[0])
sys.path.append( os.path.join(home, "EOC_Module/eoc/script") )
# now, you can import straight from the script directory
import EOC_Intraction
When using pycharm the root directory for your python executable is the same as the root directory of your project, this means that python will start looking for files in the root directory with this files:
.idea/
EOC_module/
logs/
reports/
sql/
This is the reason of why: from EOC_Module.eoc.script.config import Config works.
If you execute your code from the terminal with: python3 Main_EOC.py (not pycharm) the root directory for your python will be the same as the one containing the file, all the other imports will work but from EOC_Module.eoc.script.config import Config not.
So you need to make your imports from project directory if you are using pycharm.
I am currently working in the following directory ( my script and associated files are here)
/scratch/conte/v/vprithiv/Gmsh
While I give this line , it throws me that error mentioned
from fenpy.sirah.Sira import Sira
Sira is located in the following path
/home/vprithiv/Fen/Utils/fenpy/sirah
If I am running my script from /home/vprithiv/Fen/Utils
I am able to obtain the output, But can I do it from my current working directory and somehow import sira??
When you try and import a module (eg import foo) in Python, the interpreter first checks the list of built in modules, and then checks the list of directories given in the sys.path variable for a file called foo.py.
sys.path typically contains your current working directory as it's first entry, and then a list of standard package locations on your system.
If you are only going to be working on your system, and you know the path to your package is going to stay constant, then you can just add your package directory to sys.path.
import sys
sys.path.append('/home/vprithiv/Fen/Utils')
from fendpy.sirah.Sira import Sira
I have a piece of code located in a file (utils.py) in a folder different from the one my current script is located in. I tried:
from "/Z/scripts/utils.py" import *
but it gives a syntax error. Is there a way to "include" my own code located elsewhere other than the current folder?
You need to add that directory to your python path
import sys
sys.path.append("/Z/")
from scripts.utils import *
Make sure the scripts directory contains an __init__.py file
You can import code that is in a directory if it is added to PYTHONPATH. See here for more details.