Why values is not normalized in certain array? - python
I have an array with certain values that I want normalize from 0 to 1. When I try to do it with minmax_scale function it returns the same set.
[2.80756379e-01 9.47215085e-01 2.98665545e-01 2.71729701e-01
9.53844447e-01 4.09155122e-01 7.73782687e-01 4.04866838e-01...]
If I slice it to 200 values (set has 400 values) function returns normalized values:
[0.28024599 0.94726674 0.29817026 0.2712117 0.95390169 0.40875301
0.77368808 0.40446111 0.0427401 0.98420903...]
if I generate for example 600 test values, it works fine.
[0. 0.00166945 0.0033389 0.00500835 0.0066778 … 0.9933222 0.99499165
0.9966611 0.99833055 1.]
So I assume that something wrong with my input, but it doesn’t raise any error that I could understand what is happening and why values haven’t been normalized.
So if someone could shed light on this and explain what I am doing wrong.
import numpy as np
from sklearn.preprocessing import minmax_scale
x = [3.4983787694629807, 6.8238036546277545, 3.5877400241270765, 3.4533384061573176, 6.856882141805892, 4.139049184316268, 5.958429090197188, 4.11765195576695, 2.314295679864955, 7.007979076325537, 4.591575092528983, 6.500165465269498, 2.8914665615540556, 3.543340276730918, 6.561891009978831, 3.6289541084867656, 3.5071777128342223, 7.056680192241884, 3.4788374494994114, 3.4464924916748862, 7.014214072992434, 3.4916155718006134, 3.5360046270365486, 7.086001703906676, 3.612050358553576, 3.896165015866581, 6.09922605707944, 3.3460547945703287, 3.910944920634269, 5.971772677577327, 5.178500485785331, 6.6090028576236675, 2.841807831193129, 5.149220347017544, 4.735677896132761, 3.8354921976610226, 7.038466835269509, 3.587747218864995, 3.555693227090981, 6.954475444783193, 3.437365707196104, 3.4325883202929894, 7.020900371706621, 3.4368379490007386, 3.475833945795732, 6.8688992156695585, 3.583554218078379, 3.520770727926182, 6.92133265995129, 4.044292336171232, 5.602564848428526, 4.411557629422499, 2.45924872382912, 7.086402867274765, 4.7372741724391965, 6.374350060657951, 2.6542178607167273, 3.508325152205329, 6.461025102348145, 3.6812426559272033, 3.5307800915694383, 7.066468458976694, 3.493276512558132, 3.4568759587746243, 7.0176506092750595, 3.478361485227409, 3.5201937331883713, 7.080979349338214, 3.5795505246747212, 3.8031183328096256, 6.245609213027018, 3.4165971380697018, 2.1723738636075023, 6.126159977852875, 5.013068437451677, 6.904030395006403, 2.7075477902159992, 4.895577020527206, 5.020958429692195, 3.9029736137362567, 7.005502917949908, 3.5789396294713756, 3.5676476014611818, 6.929131913377069, 3.4472779998622487, 3.4308686427915935, 7.018771879565203, 3.432009619429056, 3.457840956435269, 6.905877831610167, 3.5755167560389163, 3.5618219034900966, 6.97358473363722, 3.9600759412714175, 5.260824000465443, 4.692774833624142, 2.602129482124068, 7.035148649249085, 4.8915972720677825, 6.2369642563916825, 2.3878063740977975, 3.4610250988299063, 6.344643530169994, 3.745077609377894, 3.557344813692928, 7.0753891572282885, 3.5084174545346944, 3.4687392098349816, 7.018578929608326, 3.4657417965161157, 3.504674479158238, 7.073344198878297, 3.5505846727930717, 3.728275930579232, 6.374512212337401, 3.473738663253011, 2.455000320545692, 6.271460848569801, 4.853259564210921, 7.060300163815499, 2.5675976179261544, 4.625519502757723, 5.34193581659188, 3.9796698149770413, 6.961928522596542, 3.553928370489732, 3.577760192959362, 6.897549440276217, 3.4618068657264773, 3.4328376059178547, 7.019069392542759, 3.430955309222881, 3.4444356247624213, 6.935848551405397, 3.5648686589574554, 3.5823723667040626, 7.0144769584373465, 3.885706919437764, 4.947869760566333, 4.958988699542243, 2.740882010237675, 6.844670575188505, 5.052957262016582, 6.08929327319099, 2.1012153486394873, 3.4006432713737014, 6.211570326896137, 3.823951658625252, 3.5871290770943087, 7.082486008656476, 3.524032336877465, 3.481547522774735, 7.017048732257519, 3.454184925027273, 3.4896816808661573, 7.064127863850646, 3.5247589190924855, 3.6675470038864804, 6.486998043891378, 3.5179550925822936, 2.7150317741174828, 6.406130756762303, 4.700905963998837, 7.0786411289315705, 2.424024165788486, 4.340976405808333, 5.68871874308043, 4.066399458564197, 6.906772355480829, 3.5069849107646553, 3.584982183669687, 6.8586979941775175, 3.4809101839812273, 3.4385861350276734, 7.021776708035995, 3.433539453335249, 3.435646282061486, 6.959814531248965, 3.5525938762287192, 3.5880328691774226, 7.04501753482764, 3.8203341873417145, 4.672129393281222, 5.208396760624669, 2.873447040265478, 6.517042667648001, 5.219450800175008, 5.932960908282111, 4.071807320428156, 3.32681370883367, 6.060786017704781, 3.922140073470534, 3.6205701108946693, 7.086704780969265, 3.5398647239459082, 3.4949072952266786, 7.012978275363125, 3.4442572447205126, 3.4754567104312315, 7.054260858195003, 3.501860081901249, 3.6176350355084987, 6.584272251688416, 3.550139011669634, 2.9441212137915196, 6.528971419532436, 4.557509169353122, 6.971230117604573, 2.2788693414108083, 4.044384223064448, 6.045075381817579, 4.16380702973696, 6.8392444953122915, 3.4322587777495, 3.588015280869961, 6.811444662244569, 3.504571583212776, 3.448038447176144, 7.0267448030100095, 3.4394438861946495, 3.4313813610293606, 6.978663067682745, 3.539410445197603, 3.5836697468529928, 7.066336743389743, 3.763013423804524, 4.436678180031973, 5.439712464353549, 2.9978564390796802, 6.06598407921124, 5.38892971887227, 5.769885855777033, 4.7305353792164615, 3.2396389326858333, 5.891487403995336, 4.044576070907139, 3.658273834104114, 7.086908629948878, 3.5554434237079002, 3.508553789136474, 7.006154398318428, 3.4366257440898904, 3.462343969119664, 7.044561860711188, 3.4818481341401735, 3.576035272214573, 6.667629115969775, 3.5715246418069957, 3.1369130300148993, 6.639150212621939, 4.424195703276443, 6.759495560732593, 2.134069612887043, 3.7386525746914123, 6.388620586154337, 4.272297018941626, 6.7587843489580965, 3.324494111518356, 3.5853639214122595, 6.754568772053236, 3.5329516319997514, 3.4610002607293953, 7.033692354375017, 3.4481972797191154, 3.4313661148467935, 6.993158859550646, 3.5257969569299723, 3.5731476929367916, 7.07964197799761, 3.712767027132367, 4.2405670182736745, 5.652147101651347, 3.112331986409608, 5.515185072672031, 5.559088312172956, 5.602219157421699, 5.362655122965983, 3.1396940731308915, 5.703149958832117, 4.196548195898355, 3.700992351744346, 7.081897811873345, 3.569845801358458, 3.5223021303817146, 6.996232651966579, 3.4319885789163944, 3.450813363928631, 7.035729967483905, 3.464829989158296, 3.5409776462526583, 6.738403993391335, 3.583589535854453, 3.2912893051822354, 6.7362012208338795, 4.301697490919809, 6.470822564075378, 3.659773459738205, 2.0974903963829354, 6.692161174433521, 4.3919729995424195, 6.665106087684514, 3.1798600950044777, 3.5754169970262786, 6.686782075167818, 3.566547285071714, 3.47722596516465, 7.042206860585631, 3.459238171506453, 3.435134332592052, 7.003939734793729, 3.512049727586488, 3.559270908983708, 7.086176708003556, 3.6686375261134057, 4.080241002256502, 5.84537422915953, 3.215380734121881, 4.89528857023289, 5.727559855711503, 5.432265203060416, 5.934141424807943, 3.027998394822877, 5.495590110107973, 4.3831413048066254, 3.7495930218165427, 7.070434254364885, 3.5814467824887473, 3.535972176884382, 6.982737736524654, 3.43098967364103, 3.441422724579513, 7.028339316715845, 3.451013794888052, 3.5113341674962717, 6.797932388511367, 3.587942414572208, 3.4081496049032274, 6.82001018784346, 4.190357260509626, 6.134736264429092, 3.967315538885193, 2.2419098299323275, 6.926226800256952, 4.522587633421751, 6.558238517691441, 2.9967711785804605, 3.556550927861764, 6.606754741200447, 3.6063414285217674, 3.496491069547794, 7.05174661557621, 3.471997346906242, 3.4420693538840723, 7.011514159064076, 3.4983614083674994, 3.5438804663925714, 7.0871842215570755, 3.629734022986171, 3.9507935039967084, 6.019481038594121, 3.3058784855515917, 4.240129283449884, 5.892015134812656, 5.262390436269602, 6.413168227114006, 2.905958254165465, 5.269023998291438, 4.608362850137262, 3.8050205047007704, 7.051271296451422, 3.5877015700240324, 3.5493020337345564, 6.965064567979088, 3.434139087088657, 3.4347436167612146, 7.022835521591056, 3.4406465746514856, 3.4864976824344196, 6.847515844073905, 3.58620796770146, 3.4908273530643696, 6.890786354350282, 4.090156575701794, 5.77929297599503, 4.2665273948822655, 2.387152222353216, 7.062521670699347, 4.663509517553511, 6.438556051230168, 2.776539669077205, 3.52724382177749, 6.513147765418067, 3.6539307251684234, 3.5186578165204065, 7.061643896805739, 3.4859770491431257, 3.4514785509234778, 7.016259943745782, 3.4849078166839633, 3.528054396333257]
xa = np.array(x)
q = minmax_scale(xa)
# Not normalized
print(q)
d = minmax_scale(xa[:200])
# Normalized
print(d)
za = np.arange(600)
z = minmax_scale(za)
# Normalized
print(z)
You're probably making some wrong assumptions here, I can show you:
>> import numpy as np
>> from sklearn.preprocessing import minmax_scale
>> x = [3.4983787694629807, 6.8238036546277545, 3.5877400241270765, 3.4533384061573176, 6.856882141805892, 4.139049184316268, 5.958429090197188, 4.11765195576695, 2.314295679864955, 7.007979076325537, 4.591575092528983, 6.500165465269498, 2.8914665615540556, 3.543340276730918, 6.561891009978831, 3.6289541084867656, 3.5071777128342223, 7.056680192241884, 3.4788374494994114, 3.4464924916748862, 7.014214072992434, 3.4916155718006134, 3.5360046270365486, 7.086001703906676, 3.612050358553576, 3.896165015866581, 6.09922605707944, 3.3460547945703287, 3.910944920634269, 5.971772677577327, 5.178500485785331, 6.6090028576236675, 2.841807831193129, 5.149220347017544, 4.735677896132761, 3.8354921976610226, 7.038466835269509, 3.587747218864995, 3.555693227090981, 6.954475444783193, 3.437365707196104, 3.4325883202929894, 7.020900371706621, 3.4368379490007386, 3.475833945795732, 6.8688992156695585, 3.583554218078379, 3.520770727926182, 6.92133265995129, 4.044292336171232, 5.602564848428526, 4.411557629422499, 2.45924872382912, 7.086402867274765, 4.7372741724391965, 6.374350060657951, 2.6542178607167273, 3.508325152205329, 6.461025102348145, 3.6812426559272033, 3.5307800915694383, 7.066468458976694, 3.493276512558132, 3.4568759587746243, 7.0176506092750595, 3.478361485227409, 3.5201937331883713, 7.080979349338214, 3.5795505246747212, 3.8031183328096256, 6.245609213027018, 3.4165971380697018, 2.1723738636075023, 6.126159977852875, 5.013068437451677, 6.904030395006403, 2.7075477902159992, 4.895577020527206, 5.020958429692195, 3.9029736137362567, 7.005502917949908, 3.5789396294713756, 3.5676476014611818, 6.929131913377069, 3.4472779998622487, 3.4308686427915935, 7.018771879565203, 3.432009619429056, 3.457840956435269, 6.905877831610167, 3.5755167560389163, 3.5618219034900966, 6.97358473363722, 3.9600759412714175, 5.260824000465443, 4.692774833624142, 2.602129482124068, 7.035148649249085, 4.8915972720677825, 6.2369642563916825, 2.3878063740977975, 3.4610250988299063, 6.344643530169994, 3.745077609377894, 3.557344813692928, 7.0753891572282885, 3.5084174545346944, 3.4687392098349816, 7.018578929608326, 3.4657417965161157, 3.504674479158238, 7.073344198878297, 3.5505846727930717, 3.728275930579232, 6.374512212337401, 3.473738663253011, 2.455000320545692, 6.271460848569801, 4.853259564210921, 7.060300163815499, 2.5675976179261544, 4.625519502757723, 5.34193581659188, 3.9796698149770413, 6.961928522596542, 3.553928370489732, 3.577760192959362, 6.897549440276217, 3.4618068657264773, 3.4328376059178547, 7.019069392542759, 3.430955309222881, 3.4444356247624213, 6.935848551405397, 3.5648686589574554, 3.5823723667040626, 7.0144769584373465, 3.885706919437764, 4.947869760566333, 4.958988699542243, 2.740882010237675, 6.844670575188505, 5.052957262016582, 6.08929327319099, 2.1012153486394873, 3.4006432713737014, 6.211570326896137, 3.823951658625252, 3.5871290770943087, 7.082486008656476, 3.524032336877465, 3.481547522774735, 7.017048732257519, 3.454184925027273, 3.4896816808661573, 7.064127863850646, 3.5247589190924855, 3.6675470038864804, 6.486998043891378, 3.5179550925822936, 2.7150317741174828, 6.406130756762303, 4.700905963998837, 7.0786411289315705, 2.424024165788486, 4.340976405808333, 5.68871874308043, 4.066399458564197, 6.906772355480829, 3.5069849107646553, 3.584982183669687, 6.8586979941775175, 3.4809101839812273, 3.4385861350276734, 7.021776708035995, 3.433539453335249, 3.435646282061486, 6.959814531248965, 3.5525938762287192, 3.5880328691774226, 7.04501753482764, 3.8203341873417145, 4.672129393281222, 5.208396760624669, 2.873447040265478, 6.517042667648001, 5.219450800175008, 5.932960908282111, 4.071807320428156, 3.32681370883367, 6.060786017704781, 3.922140073470534, 3.6205701108946693, 7.086704780969265, 3.5398647239459082, 3.4949072952266786, 7.012978275363125, 3.4442572447205126, 3.4754567104312315, 7.054260858195003, 3.501860081901249, 3.6176350355084987, 6.584272251688416, 3.550139011669634, 2.9441212137915196, 6.528971419532436, 4.557509169353122, 6.971230117604573, 2.2788693414108083, 4.044384223064448, 6.045075381817579, 4.16380702973696, 6.8392444953122915, 3.4322587777495, 3.588015280869961, 6.811444662244569, 3.504571583212776, 3.448038447176144, 7.0267448030100095, 3.4394438861946495, 3.4313813610293606, 6.978663067682745, 3.539410445197603, 3.5836697468529928, 7.066336743389743, 3.763013423804524, 4.436678180031973, 5.439712464353549, 2.9978564390796802, 6.06598407921124, 5.38892971887227, 5.769885855777033, 4.7305353792164615, 3.2396389326858333, 5.891487403995336, 4.044576070907139, 3.658273834104114, 7.086908629948878, 3.5554434237079002, 3.508553789136474, 7.006154398318428, 3.4366257440898904, 3.462343969119664, 7.044561860711188, 3.4818481341401735, 3.576035272214573, 6.667629115969775, 3.5715246418069957, 3.1369130300148993, 6.639150212621939, 4.424195703276443, 6.759495560732593, 2.134069612887043, 3.7386525746914123, 6.388620586154337, 4.272297018941626, 6.7587843489580965, 3.324494111518356, 3.5853639214122595, 6.754568772053236, 3.5329516319997514, 3.4610002607293953, 7.033692354375017, 3.4481972797191154, 3.4313661148467935, 6.993158859550646, 3.5257969569299723, 3.5731476929367916, 7.07964197799761, 3.712767027132367, 4.2405670182736745, 5.652147101651347, 3.112331986409608, 5.515185072672031, 5.559088312172956, 5.602219157421699, 5.362655122965983, 3.1396940731308915, 5.703149958832117, 4.196548195898355, 3.700992351744346, 7.081897811873345, 3.569845801358458, 3.5223021303817146, 6.996232651966579, 3.4319885789163944, 3.450813363928631, 7.035729967483905, 3.464829989158296, 3.5409776462526583, 6.738403993391335, 3.583589535854453, 3.2912893051822354, 6.7362012208338795, 4.301697490919809, 6.470822564075378, 3.659773459738205, 2.0974903963829354, 6.692161174433521, 4.3919729995424195, 6.665106087684514, 3.1798600950044777, 3.5754169970262786, 6.686782075167818, 3.566547285071714, 3.47722596516465, 7.042206860585631, 3.459238171506453, 3.435134332592052, 7.003939734793729, 3.512049727586488, 3.559270908983708, 7.086176708003556, 3.6686375261134057, 4.080241002256502, 5.84537422915953, 3.215380734121881, 4.89528857023289, 5.727559855711503, 5.432265203060416, 5.934141424807943, 3.027998394822877, 5.495590110107973, 4.3831413048066254, 3.7495930218165427, 7.070434254364885, 3.5814467824887473, 3.535972176884382, 6.982737736524654, 3.43098967364103, 3.441422724579513, 7.028339316715845, 3.451013794888052, 3.5113341674962717, 6.797932388511367, 3.587942414572208, 3.4081496049032274, 6.82001018784346, 4.190357260509626, 6.134736264429092, 3.967315538885193, 2.2419098299323275, 6.926226800256952, 4.522587633421751, 6.558238517691441, 2.9967711785804605, 3.556550927861764, 6.606754741200447, 3.6063414285217674, 3.496491069547794, 7.05174661557621, 3.471997346906242, 3.4420693538840723, 7.011514159064076, 3.4983614083674994, 3.5438804663925714, 7.0871842215570755, 3.629734022986171, 3.9507935039967084, 6.019481038594121, 3.3058784855515917, 4.240129283449884, 5.892015134812656, 5.262390436269602, 6.413168227114006, 2.905958254165465, 5.269023998291438, 4.608362850137262, 3.8050205047007704, 7.051271296451422, 3.5877015700240324, 3.5493020337345564, 6.965064567979088, 3.434139087088657, 3.4347436167612146, 7.022835521591056, 3.4406465746514856, 3.4864976824344196, 6.847515844073905, 3.58620796770146, 3.4908273530643696, 6.890786354350282, 4.090156575701794, 5.77929297599503, 4.2665273948822655, 2.387152222353216, 7.062521670699347, 4.663509517553511, 6.438556051230168, 2.776539669077205, 3.52724382177749, 6.513147765418067, 3.6539307251684234, 3.5186578165204065, 7.061643896805739, 3.4859770491431257, 3.4514785509234778, 7.016259943745782, 3.4849078166839633, 3.528054396333257]
>> xa = np.array(x)
>> q = minmax_scale(xa)
>> x_set = set(x)
>> q_set = set(q)
>> x_set.intersection(q_set) == set()
True
As you can see, there's no intersection, it's definitely not returning the same set...
Related
Applying a non aggregating function to a groupby pandas object
I have a dataframe (called cep) with two indexes (Cloud and Mode) and data columns. It looks like this : The data columns are fitted to a linear function and I'm extracting the residuals to the fit in this way : import pandas as pd from scipy.optimize import least_squares args = [-1, 15] # initial guess for the fit def residuals(args, x, y): """ Residual with respect to a linear function args : list with 2 arguments x : array y : array """ return args[0] * x + args[1] - y def residual_function(df): """ Returns the array of the residuals """ return least_squares(residuals, args, loss='soft_l1', f_scale=0.5, args=(df.logP1, df.W)).fun cep.groupby(['Cloud', 'Mode']).apply(lambda grp : residual_function(grp)) This gives the expected result : Now is my issue : I'd like to insert those residual values each in their respective row in the original dataframe to compare them with other columns. I checked that the returned arrays are of the right length to be inserted but so far I have no idea how to proceed. I tried to follow tutorials, but the difference with the textbook problem here is that the function I applied does not aggregate the data. Do you have some hints? Small sample data here : Mode;Cloud;W;logP1 F;LMC;14,525;0,4939 F;LMC;13,4954;0,7491 F;LMC;14,5421;0,4249 F;LMC;12,033;1,0215 F;LMC;14,3422;0,5655 F;LMC;13,937;0,6072 F;LMC;13,53;0,737 F;LMC;15,2106;0,2309 F;LMC;14,0813;0,5721 F;LMC;14,5128;0,41 F;LMC;14,1059;0,5469 F;LMC;15,6032;0,1014 F;LMC;13,1088;0,8562 F;LMC;12,3528;1,0513 F;LMC;13,1629;0,8416 F;LMC;14,3114;0,4867 F;LMC;14,4013;0,498 F;LMC;13,5057;0,7131 F;LMC;14,3626;0,464 F;LMC;14,5973;0,4111 F;LMC;13,9286;0,6059 F;LMC;15,066;0,2711 F;LMC;12,7364;0,9466 F;LMC;13,3753;0,7442 F;LMC;13,9748;0,5854 F;LMC;12,8836;0,8946 F;LMC;14,4912;0,4206 F;LMC;14,4131;0,4567 F;LMC;12,183;1,1382 F;LMC;14,5492;0,3686 F;LMC;14,1482;0,5339 F;LMC;13,7062;0,7116 F;LMC;13,0731;0,8682 F;LMC;11,5609;1,353 F;LMC;13,9453;0,5551 F;LMC;14,0072;0,6715 F;LMC;13,9838;0,6021 F;LMC;13,9974;0,5562 F;LMC;14,3898;0,5069 F;LMC;14,4497;0,4433 F;LMC;14,3524;0,5064 F;LMC;12,9604;0,9134 F;LMC;12,9757;0,8548 F;LMC;14,2783;0,4927 F;LMC;13,7148;0,6758 F;LMC;14,2348;0,5142 F;LMC;12,6793;0,9415 F;LMC;14,2241;0,5738 F;LMC;14,472;0,4554 F;LMC;15,1508;0,2076 F;LMC;12,5414;1,0159 F;LMC;14,2102;0,5334 F;LMC;15,6086;0,1116 F;LMC;13,2986;0,8381 F;LMC;13,0136;0,8864 F;LMC;13,9774;0,585 F;LMC;14,4256;0,533 F;LMC;14,3582;0,4578 F;LMC;14,3258;0,4859 F;LMC;14,6646;0,3757 F;LMC;12,733;0,9901 F;LMC;14,6296;0,3839 F;LMC;14,054;0,5766 F;LMC;14,3194;0,4884 F;LMC;12,6602;0,9715 F;LMC;13,5909;0,5675 F;LMC;13,9268;0,6196 F;LMC;12,5813;0,9935 F;LMC;13,0824;0,8591 F;LMC;13,5097;0,7375 F;LMC;13,1938;0,5053 F;LMC;14,7357;0,3253 F;LMC;14,0624;0,6009 F;LMC;14,1528;0,533 F;LMC;14,6709;0,4007 F;LMC;14,2378;0,4875 F;LMC;11,951;1,2004 F;LMC;14,4555;0,4777 F;LMC;14,4001;0,4404 F;LMC;13,7707;0,6311 F;LMC;14,578;0,4175 F;LMC;15,8662;0,0159 F;LMC;14,055;0,5687 F;LMC;13,6238;0,7307 F;LMC;15,2572;0,2171 F;LMC;13,4022;0,7723 F;LMC;14,2392;0,5256 F;LMC;14,2505;0,4977 F;LMC;14,7174;0,3614 F;LMC;14,487;0,418 F;LMC;14,9309;0,3086 F;LMC;13,8352;0,6334 F;LMC;14,5598;0,41 F;LMC;14,5614;0,422 F;LMC;14,1486;0,5149 F;LMC;14,0304;0,4945 F;LMC;13,5781;0,6801 F;LMC;14,79;0,3218 F;LMC;12,376;1,0908 F;LMC;15,3215;0,2176 F;LMC;14,7264;0,3845 F;LMC;14,6276;0,4057 F;LMC;14,1712;0,5313 F;LMC;14,4153;0,483 F;LMC;12,905;0,9356 F;LMC;14,442;0,4309 F;LMC;12,8702;0,9159 F;LMC;12,8963;0,5775 F;LMC;13,8304;0,6467 F;LMC;14,4665;0,4165 F;LMC;13,0756;0,5794 F;LMC;13,841;0,6593 F;LMC;14,0924;0,5671 F;LMC;13,7546;0,6778 F;LMC;14,2828;0,5181 F;LMC;14,2424;0,5082 F;LMC;14,659;0,3989 F;LMC;13,7528;0,6768 F;LMC;13,7743;0,6368 F;LMC;13,2894;0,791 F;LMC;14,7512;0,3187 F;LMC;14,5241;0,4452 F;LMC;14,301;0,5121 F;LMC;13,334;0,7945 F;LMC;13,5052;0,7012 F;LMC;14,3664;0,4549 F;LMC;14,8614;0,3278 F;LMC;13,8612;0,582 F;LMC;14,2668;0,5158 F;LMC;14,3937;0,4457 F;LMC;14,0226;0,582 F;LMC;14,387;0,5565 F;LMC;14,3198;0,4362 F;LMC;14,4404;0,4701 F;LMC;14,2774;0,4939 F;LMC;13,7678;0,6557 F;LMC;14,3212;0,4882 F;LMC;14,6453;0,3696 F;LMC;13,9064;0,6084 F;LMC;13,5167;0,7581 F;LMC;14,1692;0,5134 F;LMC;14,6714;0,4136 F;LMC;14,4332;0,4507 F;LMC;14,705;0,3631 F;LMC;13,6728;0,496 F;LMC;15,358;0,1651 F;LMC;13,7592;0,6278 F;LMC;14,0626;0,5754 F;LMC;13,1127;0,8692 F;LMC;14,2108;0,498 F;LMC;14,4519;0,4449 F;LMC;14,0041;0,5666 F;LMC;14,157;0,5392 F;LMC;14,254;0,5245 F;LMC;15,4844;0,1838 F;LMC;14,0845;0,5626 F;LMC;13,0861;0,838 F;LMC;13,3144;0,831 F;LMC;14,2535;0,4911 F;LMC;14,0256;0,5723 F;LMC;14,3246;0,4938 F;LMC;14,4412;0,4136 F;LMC;14,1043;0,518 F;LMC;14,7512;0,3772 F;LMC;14,3982;0,5039 F;LMC;14,2701;0,5042 F;LMC;13,9166;0,5941 F;LMC;13,0324;0,837 F;LMC;13,4839;0,6331 F;LMC;13,4491;0,7443 F;LMC;14,4702;0,458 F;LMC;14,4814;0,4595 F;LMC;14,3008;0,4575 F;LMC;14,922;0,3313 F;LMC;14,6542;0,4263 F;LMC;14,5007;0,4838 F;LMC;14,4335;0,4829 F;LMC;14,4737;0,4586 F;LMC;14,2537;0,5442 F;LMC;14,038;0,5473 F;LMC;14,1413;0,5523 F;LMC;14,669;0,3505 F;LMC;12,3572;1,1033 F;LMC;13,868;0,6416 F;LMC;13,4292;0,816 F;LMC;11,6771;1,3442 F;LMC;14,5086;0,4654 F;LMC;14,3588;0,4807 F;LMC;14,6915;0,3674 F;LMC;15,6488;0,0647 F;LMC;12,4187;0,9791 F;LMC;14,1555;0,5235 F;LMC;14,5765;0,4281 F;LMC;14,3579;0,4596 F;LMC;13,0932;0,7957 F;LMC;14,4552;0,4216 F;LMC;13,2221;0,8505 F;LMC;14,4465;0,4466 F;LMC;14,2439;0,5032 F;LMC;14,9606;0,6308 F;LMC;14,4774;0,4424 F;LMC;14,1875;0,5361 F;LMC;13,3982;0,7644 F;LMC;13,0973;0,8595 F;LMC;13,8264;0,6334 F;LMC;13,9296;0,6164 F;LMC;14,5778;0,4033 F;LMC;13,579;0,726 F;LMC;14,0054;0,5779 F;LMC;14,1219;0,5451 F;LMC;14,3512;0,4808 F;LMC;14,5058;0,4199 F;LMC;14,598;0,4201 F;LMC;14,9516;0,2498 F;LMC;13,9944;0,6075 F;LMC;13,9462;0,557 F;LMC;14,2576;0,5148 F;LMC;14,9814;0,2929 F;LMC;14,3851;0,4573 F;LMC;14,3474;0,4606 F;LMC;14,4929;0,3882 F;LMC;14,5201;0,4234 F;LMC;13,7677;0,6548 F;LMC;14,3146;0,4695 F;LMC;14,2846;0,507 F;LMC;14,0967;0,5525 F;LMC;14,7976;0,3546 F;LMC;13,7497;0,6362 F;LMC;14,4647;0,4363 F;LMC;14,1924;0,5293 F;LMC;14,588;0,4089 F;LMC;13,4896;0,7329 F;LMC;14,695;0,3737 F;LMC;14,2672;0,4857 F;LMC;14,0784;0,5848 F;LMC;13,879;0,5743 F;LMC;14,2214;0,4988 F;LMC;12,922;0,8487 F;LMC;14,189;0,5238 F;LMC;13,9938;0,5713 F;LMC;14,379;0,4771 F;LMC;11,2308;1,3564 F;LMC;14,4472;0,4205 F;LMC;14,3739;0,4699 F;LMC;14,393;0,4416 F;LMC;13,9108;0,5927 F;LMC;14,0298;0,6058 F;LMC;15,1538;0,1961 F;LMC;13,0393;0,8731 F;LMC;13,7144;0,645 F;LMC;14,2682;0,487 F;LMC;14,3506;0,4927 F;LMC;14,0472;0,5619 F;LMC;15,1418;0,2506 F;LMC;13,1227;0,5998 F;LMC;13,5646;0,7193 F;LMC;14,5872;0,4357 F;LMC;14,2636;0,5007 F;LMC;13,9564;0,5599 F;LMC;12,8576;0,946 F;LMC;12,3042;1,1454 F;LMC;11,8416;1,3675 F;LMC;13,5498;0,7219 F;LMC;12,1976;1,1581 F;LMC;13,8632;0,6202 F;LMC;14,2952;0,4807 F;LMC;14,4349;0,4437 F;LMC;14,2392;0,5445 F;LMC;13,7248;0,7213 F;LMC;14,3395;0,5117 F;LMC;15,3588;0,2253 F;LMC;12,8509;0,9229 F;LMC;15,5192;0,1453 F;LMC;14,2072;0,4975 F;LMC;14,3524;0,4945 F;LMC;14,5152;0,4488 F;LMC;14,5106;0,4558 F;LMC;14,5759;0,3786 F;LMC;11,196;1,2374 F;LMC;14,3736;0,4788 F;LMC;14,1726;0,528 F;LMC;11,7899;1,1995 F;LMC;12,1062;1,1823 F;LMC;13,7113;0,6714 F;LMC;14,3512;0,4815 F;LMC;13,1016;0,8181 F;LMC;14,4968;0,562 F;LMC;12,4557;1,0671 F;LMC;14,0573;0,551 F;LMC;14,5916;0,4066 F;LMC;14,3214;0,488 F;LMC;13,5498;0,4885 F;LMC;14,4679;0,4273 F;LMC;14,2426;0,4816 F;LMC;13,5759;0,7052 F;LMC;14,0081;0,5769 F;LMC;14,0828;0,5379 F;LMC;12,4168;0,7578 F;LMC;14,1624;0,5052 F;LMC;13,8029;0,6621 F;LMC;14,1944;0,5145 F;LMC;13,7944;0,6184 F;LMC;15,0234;0,3158 F;LMC;13,0961;0,8282 F;LMC;13,976;0,5889 F;LMC;14,3236;0,4847 F;LMC;14,2618;0,4691 F;LMC;13,4528;0,7349 F;LMC;14,2846;0,507 F;LMC;14,4115;0,446 F;LMC;14,2199;0,5336 F;LMC;14,456;0,4423 F;LMC;14,2938;0,488 F;LMC;14,4109;0,4606 F;LMC;14,2599;0,497 F;LMC;13,9034;0,6384 F;LMC;13,6126;0,7075 F;LMC;14,5036;0,4218 F;LMC;14,0065;0,5741 F;LMC;14,8622;0,3404 F;LMC;14,635;0,3683 F;LMC;14,222;0,5454 F;LMC;14,1501;0,5548 F;LMC;14,0822;0,5705 F;LMC;13,5036;0,7267 F;LMC;14,5528;0,4161 F;LMC;14,3332;0,4614 F;LMC;14,1511;0,5471 F;LMC;14,6113;0,3934 F;LMC;14,2998;0,5031 F;LMC;14,1807;0,5352 F;LMC;13,5114;0,7013 F;LMC;12,2096;1,1344 F;LMC;14,3799;0,4304 F;LMC;12,4526;1,1135 F;LMC;14,5042;0,447 F;LMC;13,4594;0,7336 F;LMC;13,2066;0,8423 F;LMC;14,3734;0,4711 F;LMC;13,945;0,5953 F;LMC;12,9938;0,8969 F;LMC;13,4993;0,7034 F;LMC;13,9466;0,5678 F;LMC;14,1772;0,5077 F;LMC;13,5566;0,6949 F;LMC;14,021;0,5811 F;LMC;14,0264;0,646 F;LMC;12,0242;1,1666 F;LMC;14,3106;0,5027 F;LMC;14,9838;0,3164 F;LMC;14,1718;0,5266 F;LMC;14,2606;0,489 F;LMC;12,6479;1,0206 F;LMC;12,9768;0,8684 F;LMC;14,0837;0,5785 F;LMC;13,7944;0,6609 F;LMC;13,532;0,6911 F;LMC;14,835;0,3375 F;LMC;13,7378;0,6941 F;LMC;14,3618;0,4658 F;LMC;12,4782;1,0176 F;LMC;14,2216;0,4981 F;LMC;14,3958;0,4917 F;LMC;11,3796;1,3161 F;LMC;13,8073;0,6301 F;LMC;14,414;0,4601 F;LMC;12,4266;1,086 F;LMC;14,7974;0,3547 F;LMC;14,3369;0,5189 F;LMC;14,3202;0,4874 F;LMC;14,4614;0,4664 F;LMC;13,8344;0,6339 F;LMC;14,0452;0,5896 F;LMC;11,9134;1,161 F;LMC;14,2492;0,4891 F;LMC;14,1338;0,5139 F;LMC;14,439;0,4476 F;LMC;14,1446;0,5322 F;LMC;14,102;0,549 F;LMC;14,5043;0,4421 F;LMC;14,388;0,4511 F;LMC;12,3812;1,0331 F;LMC;14,5086;0,4294 F;LMC;13,6822;0,671 F;LMC;12,3012;1,0862 F;LMC;14,0848;0,534 F;LMC;14,3381;0,4886 F;LMC;14,5544;0,3908 F;LMC;14,216;0,5226 F;LMC;14,5028;0,4323 F;LMC;12,7769;0,9244 F;LMC;13,6262;0,6984 F;LMC;14,5276;0,4107 F;LMC;13,921;0,5835 F;LMC;14,6279;0,396 F;LMC;14,6304;0,3796 F;LMC;14,2079;0,4722 F;LMC;12,4538;1,0356 F;LMC;14,2662;0,4876 F;LMC;13,8493;0,6217 F;LMC;12,9806;0,8385 F;LMC;14,3148;0,4768 F;LMC;14,2225;0,49 F;LMC;14,3932;0,4084 F;LMC;13,6934;0,5829 F;LMC;14,1702;0,5297 F;LMC;11,7812;1,2435 F;LMC;14,2866;0,4778 F;LMC;15,2824;0,1739 F;LMC;14,451;0,4485 F;LMC;14,4842;0,4222 F;LMC;14,3422;0,449 F;LMC;14,4408;0,4435 F;LMC;12,527;1,0298 F;LMC;12,3746;1,1016 F;LMC;11,4802;1,3276 F;LMC;14,47;0,4643 F;LMC;14,1469;0,5183 F;SMC;14,423;0,4796 F;SMC;15,5626;0,2344 F;SMC;15,6889;0,236 F;SMC;15,3574;0,2926 F;SMC;15,8049;0,1015 F;SMC;12,9034;0,9993 F;SMC;14,0039;0,6867 F;SMC;15,9834;0,1812 F;SMC;15,7707;0,2028 F;SMC;15,777;0,1735 F;SMC;14,7121;0,4973 F;SMC;13,8691;0,7188 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A simple solution: arrays=df.groupby(['Mode','Cloud']).apply(lambda grp : residual_function(grp)) residuals_value=[] [residuals_value.extend(elem.tolist()) for elem in arrays] df["residuals"]=residuals_value
How to efficiently calculate pairwise ratios on rows using NumPy?
I'm trying to speed up my calculation of calculating pairwise values. However, I'm having trouble visualizing how to do this in NumPy without being overly verbose and explicit. Is there a way to use vector multiplication or broadcasting to speed up this operation? Essentially what I'm doing is iterating through each row, then through all combinations of features in each row, and then taking the ratio (followed by log transform). import pandas as pd import numpy as np from collections import * # Get data data = {'BC0a': {'1001.2': 4122,'1010.1': 6766,'1010.2': 11734,'1018.2': 5805,'1021.2': 9504,'1026.1': 18111,'1026.2': 1350,'1029.1': 3638,'1029.2': 3967,'1048.2': 9225,'1049.2': 8670,'1057.2': 21796,'1065.1': 5117,'1065.2': 7811,'1067.1': 17563,'1067.2': 8418,'1071.1': 10088,'1071.2': 9878,'1072.1': 13159,'1072.2': 8358,'1073.1': 5368,'1073.2': 2615,'1080.2': 9397,'1086.2': 1303,'2018.1': 2414,'2018.2': 1771,'2028.2': 13710,'2031.2': 3264,'2034.1': 10264,'2034.2': 4670,'2036.1': 7219,'2050.2': 11707,'3038.1': 1388,'3038.2': 13104,'3041.1': 4085,'3041.2': 9160,'3042.1': 8629,'3042.2': 11298,'A-1501-03.A': 4083,'A-1501-03.B': 7952,'A-1505-99.A': 4714,'A-1505-99.B': 4938,'A-1507-168.B': 9238,'M-1506-106.B': 10223,'M-1506-108.A': 2704,'M-1506-108.B': 5056,'M-1506-110.A': 20939,'M-1506-110.B': 18435,'M-1507-113.B': 23343,'M-1507-118.A': 5895,'M-1507-118.B': 5758,'M-1507-119.A': 4404,'M-1507-119.B': 5842,'M-1507-120.A': 9952,'M-1507-120.B': 7825,'M-1507-124.A': 12450,'M-1507-125.B': 28041,'M-1507-126.A': 7669,'M-1507-133.B': 4964,'M-1507-134.B': 1380,'M-1507-136.A': 5557,'M-1507-147.A': 3113,'M-1507-147.B': 1340,'M-1507-154.A': 2848,'M-1507-154.B': 17416,'M-1507-155.A': 5535,'M-1507-155.B': 3792,'S-1409-41.B': 3476,'S-1409-52.B': 3584,'S-1409-57.A': 2065,'S-1410-61.B': 10758,'S-1410-62.A': 5886,'S-1410-62.B': 7680,'S-1410-67.A': 4104,'S-1410-70.A': 2970,'S-1410-70.B': 9990,'S-1410-71.A': 14024,'S-1410-71.B': 11120,'S-1410-72.A': 9835,'S-1410-72.B': 7124,'S-1410-75.A': 1693,'S-1410-75.B': 3334,'S-1410-76.A': 3849,'S-1410-76.B': 12268,'S-1410-84.A': 16988,'S-1410-84.B': 19123,'S-1504-86.A': 15359},'BC0b': {'1001.2': 5935,'1010.1': 34253,'1010.2': 8016,'1018.2': 7557,'1021.2': 25213,'1026.1': 5462,'1026.2': 742,'1029.1': 11265,'1029.2': 2133,'1048.2': 7906,'1049.2': 27375,'1057.2': 7353,'1065.1': 8505,'1065.2': 18643,'1067.1': 22754,'1067.2': 7441,'1071.1': 15505,'1071.2': 18355,'1072.1': 9349,'1072.2': 21841,'1073.1': 8474,'1073.2': 6273,'1080.2': 7820,'1086.2': 2231,'2018.1': 1978,'2018.2': 6516,'2028.2': 12559,'2031.2': 2537,'2034.1': 13301,'2034.2': 3128,'2036.1': 12757,'2050.2': 17553,'3038.1': 1286,'3038.2': 13197,'3041.1': 11141,'3041.2': 19938,'3042.1': 11437,'3042.2': 12662,'A-1501-03.A': 36185,'A-1501-03.B': 38130,'A-1505-99.A': 16054,'A-1505-99.B': 14821,'A-1507-168.B': 26276,'M-1506-106.B': 9390,'M-1506-108.A': 8822,'M-1506-108.B': 10076,'M-1506-110.A': 32208,'M-1506-110.B': 31193,'M-1507-113.B': 72979,'M-1507-118.A': 5367,'M-1507-118.B': 4684,'M-1507-119.A': 66612,'M-1507-119.B': 13348,'M-1507-120.A': 33713,'M-1507-120.B': 8025,'M-1507-124.A': 16145,'M-1507-125.B': 28633,'M-1507-126.A': 18907,'M-1507-133.B': 4885,'M-1507-134.B': 42507,'M-1507-136.A': 17102,'M-1507-147.A': 5015,'M-1507-147.B': 114078,'M-1507-154.A': 16207,'M-1507-154.B': 12175,'M-1507-155.A': 9714,'M-1507-155.B': 14034,'S-1409-41.B': 4865,'S-1409-52.B': 2994,'S-1409-57.A': 3328,'S-1410-61.B': 12545,'S-1410-62.A': 12655,'S-1410-62.B': 3591,'S-1410-67.A': 3109,'S-1410-70.A': 14745,'S-1410-70.B': 16226,'S-1410-71.A': 3979,'S-1410-71.B': 2415,'S-1410-72.A': 25956,'S-1410-72.B': 19851,'S-1410-75.A': 5027,'S-1410-75.B': 1560,'S-1410-76.A': 28781,'S-1410-76.B': 11400,'S-1410-84.A': 15048,'S-1410-84.B': 5149,'S-1504-86.A': 15101},'BC1': {'1001.2': 289306,'1010.1': 161496,'1010.2': 69964,'1018.2': 47739,'1021.2': 124848,'1026.1': 68643,'1026.2': 17652,'1029.1': 35123,'1029.2': 131421,'1048.2': 178320,'1049.2': 97477,'1057.2': 72803,'1065.1': 66952,'1065.2': 116619,'1067.1': 70103,'1067.2': 60019,'1071.1': 355549,'1071.2': 253142,'1072.1': 72188,'1072.2': 181514,'1073.1': 132905,'1073.2': 123315,'1080.2': 105312,'1086.2': 26294,'2018.1': 63484,'2018.2': 341118,'2028.2': 65058,'2031.2': 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956,'S-1409-52.B': 85,'S-1409-57.A': 168,'S-1410-61.B': 1492,'S-1410-62.A': 1215,'S-1410-62.B': 562,'S-1410-67.A': 218,'S-1410-70.A': 925,'S-1410-70.B': 643,'S-1410-71.A': 87,'S-1410-71.B': 428,'S-1410-72.A': 232,'S-1410-72.B': 973,'S-1410-75.A': 11737,'S-1410-75.B': 21,'S-1410-76.A': 1169,'S-1410-76.B': 1833,'S-1410-84.A': 108,'S-1410-84.B': 6469,'S-1504-86.A': 13818}} X = pd.DataFrame(data) + 1 # Shape of X where rows are samples and columns are features n,m = X.shape index_samples = X.index index_features = X.columns X_values = X.values # A = np.empty((n, m**2 - m)) # A[:] = np.nan # Not the most efficient way but the best way to show what I'm trying to do A = defaultdict(dict) for row_pos, a in enumerate(X_values): id_sample = index_samples[row_pos] # col_pos = 0 for i in range(m): a_i = a[i] i_feature = index_features[i] for j in range( m): if i != j: a_j = a[j] j_feature = index_features[j] # A[row_pos, col_pos] = a_i - a_j A[id_sample]["{}/{}".format(i_feature, j_feature)] = np.log(a_i/a_j) # col_pos += 1 df = pd.DataFrame(A).T df.iloc[:5,:5] BC0a/BC0b BC0a/BC1 BC0a/BC10 BC0a/BC100 BC0a/BC101 1001.2 -0.364454 -4.250907 -2.102548 0.226606 -1.133489 1010.1 -1.621745 -3.172429 -0.889908 -0.481099 -0.866140 1010.2 0.381012 -1.785419 0.272488 0.422915 -0.874474 1018.2 -0.263715 -2.106878 1.558403 0.741490 -0.269520 1021.2 -0.975581 -2.575287 -2.139590 -1.405648 -1.129143
You can use np.triu_indices to get all possible combinations by indexing thusly: i_index, j_index = np.triu_indices(m, 1) Using the fact that logarithms were invented to be able to do log(a / b) = log(a) - log(b), you can now do: df = pd.DataFrame(data=np.log(X_values[:, i_index]) - np.log(X_values[:, j_index]), index=X.index.copy(), columns=[f'{a}/{b}' for a, b in zip(X.columns[i_index], X.columns[j_index])]) While it's more elegant in my opinion, you can just as easily keep the original formulation of the ratio: np.log(X_values[:, i_index] / X_values[:, j_index]) Notice that this is half of the data that your answer contains. The other half is just the inverse ratios, which appear as negatives in the log table. If you absolutely insist on computing those (even though it's quite wasteful), you can adjust i_index and j_index accordingly: i_index = np.repeat(np.arange(m), m - 1) j_index = np.delete(np.tile(np.arange(m), m), slice(None, None, m + 1)) Either way, your entire code can be expressed in about three lines.
Python Matrix/Vector Operations
I have an array with shape = (2, 257) and want to use each column which are vectors of shape = (2,) to create an array with shape = (2, 2) for each column. Previously I did this by selecting each column by iterating through my input array import numpy as np for counter in input x = np.array([input[0][counter], input[1][counter]]) y = np.conj(x) y = y.T E = x[:, None] * y corr_matr = np.where(self.iterator == 1, E, alpha * self.altes_E[counter] + (1 - alpha) * E) self.altes_E[counter] = corr_matr However this is very slow and I would like to vectorize this calculation so in the end I will have an array containing my E variables for each column of my input variable. I tried to do so but I get broadcasting errors I am not able to solve.. So it will be great if someone helped me out! Self.iterator will be removed and replaced by the first element of the new array containing all E arrays My goal now is to have an Array which has the shape (257, 2, 2) and contains 257 2x2 corr_matr matrices. The n-th corr_matr depends on the n-1-th Self.altes_E is this matrix I am looking for but I cant create it with my vectorized approach. Maybe you guys have an idea how I can create it vectorized without a for-loop. Test data: input = array([[ 3.94351315e-02+0.00000000e+00j, -1.50913336e-02+6.03795651e-04j,\n 1.99272113e-04-8.07005910e-04j, -4.67793985e-04+8.33903992e-04j,\n -2.64236148e-03+2.77521785e-05j, -1.49792915e-03+7.36359583e-04j,\n 1.50533594e-03-6.15859179e-04j, -6.54810392e-05-5.01831397e-04j,\n -1.01095434e-03-1.70553920e-04j, 5.81738784e-04+7.12800200e-04j,\n -3.11310287e-04-9.01545559e-04j, -5.86002908e-05-9.55615603e-04j,\n 1.44156235e-04+1.09251279e-03j, -4.87454341e-04+8.03194960e-05j,\n 3.78562845e-04+1.29788540e-04j, -4.87558912e-04+6.55677040e-04j,\n -4.87274113e-04-8.31101470e-04j, 8.16597471e-04+3.81774926e-04j,\n 5.89999582e-04-7.40645680e-05j, -7.03418446e-05-4.16067625e-04j,\n -1.02284759e-03+2.56541860e-04j, -7.25162530e-05-2.12897828e-04j,\n 2.86242195e-04+2.15252463e-04j, -6.97098238e-04-5.35675945e-04j,\n 4.49257188e-04+4.96744002e-04j, 2.86015111e-04+9.92285825e-05j,\n -6.63212048e-05-1.97287145e-04j, -4.96012767e-05+1.68083300e-04j,\n -3.68913382e-04-1.76126405e-04j, 3.05618600e-04-2.13305860e-05j,\n -1.22923172e-04-3.58717400e-04j, -3.92479536e-04+1.02063591e-03j,\n 6.45622389e-04-8.53094144e-04j, -3.14203107e-04+1.47936574e-04j,\n 1.54020776e-05-2.45868608e-05j, 2.78312174e-04+2.11224838e-04j,\n -1.70668244e-04+4.57545662e-04j, 1.89143085e-04-1.62612861e-04j,\n -5.05276967e-04-7.33565277e-04j, 3.87931183e-04+6.84968797e-05j,\n -3.88693353e-04+3.29574348e-04j, 1.88775042e-05+3.06450544e-04j,\n -1.02881416e-04-6.28814378e-04j, 1.50437664e-04-4.64790639e-05j,\n 6.80136794e-05+7.07755678e-04j, 4.29081846e-04-6.60769121e-06j,\n -3.89883869e-05+9.94456323e-05j, -2.88405737e-04-3.90610565e-04j,\n 2.89706554e-04-4.61313935e-04j, 8.53534820e-05+3.45993148e-04j,\n -6.48341994e-04+1.61728688e-05j, 7.08075756e-04+4.18876357e-04j,\n -2.41676738e-04-6.57686042e-04j, -4.52960231e-05+4.69549856e-04j,\n -2.98667220e-04+3.69428944e-04j, 3.09898762e-04-5.55573884e-04j,\n 3.16198618e-05-2.18262971e-04j, -2.43962041e-05+6.14800458e-04j,\n 1.22281179e-04-4.27259031e-05j, -2.02764807e-04-3.04080095e-04j,\n -2.60131161e-05-2.72507038e-04j, -3.48411552e-04-1.65106382e-04j,\n 3.60262912e-04+1.15929180e-03j, 6.44188577e-04-6.57529271e-04j,\n -6.64472633e-04+7.34788284e-05j, -2.53962823e-04-8.64577990e-05j,\n 4.12548109e-04-4.30493761e-04j, -3.89652217e-04+1.10427049e-03j,\n 2.19613546e-04-6.47350601e-04j, -3.01855256e-04-1.70512519e-04j,\n 3.52232474e-04-5.97253780e-04j, -2.46726574e-04+8.25901553e-05j,\n 5.01323354e-04+4.97268616e-04j, -3.87112186e-04+2.31773757e-04j,\n -5.51833095e-04+5.28582216e-04j, 1.52037945e-04-9.87780746e-04j,\n 1.80951699e-04-1.64293165e-04j, 9.81853960e-04+8.24736454e-04j,\n -3.08003998e-04+4.10959821e-05j, -7.18984896e-04+9.56216393e-05j,\n 9.23759625e-06-5.16799160e-04j, 3.62720586e-04-4.27438243e-04j,\n 4.54825689e-04+6.60654467e-04j, -8.45689094e-04+3.84855215e-04j,\n -2.67177134e-05-7.42870583e-04j, -1.92531972e-04-3.02859614e-04j,\n 7.90923909e-04+2.13245532e-04j, -7.46436347e-04+4.59160357e-04j,\n 2.42516064e-04+5.79452623e-04j, 2.76445921e-04-1.07193028e-03j,\n -5.72620393e-04+1.96574790e-04j, 1.34058726e-03+2.34585361e-04j,\n -3.57420647e-04-1.70451007e-04j, -2.82518121e-04+2.07459060e-04j,\n -4.28715245e-05-3.11639838e-04j, -2.31994207e-04-3.50393413e-04j,\n 1.79812526e-04+9.46405559e-06j, 6.45826858e-06-7.27244722e-05j,\n -6.54773349e-04+9.59387600e-04j, 3.84335152e-04-2.72657471e-04j,\n -4.87276832e-04-3.96541032e-04j, 6.77017368e-04+4.47778225e-04j,\n 4.45890499e-04+1.29559357e-04j, -6.51094304e-04+1.86624435e-04j,\n 3.98953747e-05-4.33256129e-04j, -2.22111375e-04-2.04651458e-04j,\n 7.55794351e-04-5.85769035e-04j, -3.94789819e-04+1.04401607e-03j,\n -1.58222133e-04+1.11208833e-05j, 9.23486664e-05-7.75775861e-04j,\n -3.43146772e-04+1.17239880e-04j, 2.84564728e-04+6.11844429e-06j,\n 4.70805410e-04+3.47810038e-04j, 1.69658330e-04-6.84370728e-06j,\n -5.22356227e-04+6.50334373e-04j, -1.73679813e-04+3.63334974e-05j,\n 4.98834691e-04-1.01761885e-03j, 5.87157344e-04+1.20334407e-04j,\n -9.03141283e-04+5.43231194e-04j, 2.12604011e-04+4.25936737e-05j,\n 1.20421975e-04+1.99248114e-04j, 1.36291525e-04-1.74378105e-04j,\n -3.22569755e-04-3.90555480e-04j, -8.56585373e-04-1.36390458e-05j,\n 8.21771053e-04+5.11195915e-04j, -1.32706058e-04-6.24514006e-05j,\n -5.38444724e-04-7.24478095e-04j, 1.28496700e-03+2.93993678e-05j,\n -6.10961533e-04+1.10329922e-04j, -3.67753624e-04+2.46454903e-04j,\n -1.97998194e-04+4.12632455e-04j, 4.80604477e-04-2.31270841e-04j,\n 1.92777568e-05-4.07627748e-04j, 2.86666234e-04+7.01966268e-05j,\n 1.15379387e-04-1.33773849e-04j, -3.17265283e-04+5.00725722e-04j,\n 1.36599939e-04-6.75427006e-04j, 6.37731351e-05+7.04635115e-04j,\n -1.96653870e-04+3.25483834e-04j, -5.86921673e-04-1.23419379e-03j,\n 3.14143574e-04+1.00360594e-04j, 3.31560079e-04+1.07206559e-03j,\n 4.92924636e-05-5.68876368e-04j, -8.41042140e-04+3.22939688e-04j,\n 5.49575067e-04-5.15098419e-05j, -3.93180240e-04-4.42074142e-05j,\n 5.60555298e-04-2.85327349e-04j, -2.38831244e-04+1.91581065e-05j,\n -7.45519046e-05+1.27549869e-04j, -5.89318659e-05-4.21902661e-04j,\n 3.75275146e-04+1.82785513e-05j, -2.34356665e-04+4.60409956e-04j,\n -1.92879655e-04+2.25686712e-05j, 2.29916609e-04-3.98052727e-04j,\n 1.14636467e-04+3.40506254e-04j, 3.66346397e-04+4.71324904e-05j,\n -3.50054041e-04-5.13589144e-04j, -2.54987713e-04+1.99572441e-04j,\n 5.45736142e-07-5.96936864e-05j, -1.24422570e-04+9.28100584e-05j,\n -3.07471848e-04-4.81938971e-05j, 8.54350904e-04+8.01221802e-05j,\n -1.36143168e-03+1.05957395e-04j, 4.67515499e-04+1.18207109e-04j,\n 2.22224539e-04-7.87005141e-04j, 2.06836573e-04+7.33415318e-04j,\n 4.11857186e-05-2.78641304e-04j, 8.46935368e-05+2.47412699e-05j,\n 9.63134514e-05-6.25919599e-04j, -1.74852058e-04+6.83190116e-04j,\n 5.17474224e-05-2.10492739e-05j, 5.02637722e-05+8.55532060e-06j,\n -1.48067521e-04+1.27482971e-04j, -3.17709988e-04-3.19972013e-04j,\n 7.93806547e-04+7.24172271e-04j, 3.71753847e-04-2.96357705e-04j,\n -7.16045744e-04-2.45445209e-04j, 1.85488700e-04-7.80975779e-05j,\n -6.33931296e-04-3.79990485e-04j, 4.23058885e-04+5.71413970e-04j,\n -1.96111954e-04-1.64805179e-04j, -2.39387453e-04+4.67926668e-04j,\n 4.48049475e-04-4.39783397e-04j, -4.57884754e-04-8.64764107e-05j,\n 2.36198689e-04-1.81618919e-04j, -3.98041496e-04+5.49284505e-04j,\n 7.71543104e-04+2.33418707e-04j, -5.37125816e-04-1.39968077e-04j,\n 1.21667266e-04+2.94272358e-05j, -4.22621149e-05-4.03145881e-04j,\n 5.15855772e-04+6.12452186e-05j, -1.75597310e-04+3.06332086e-04j,\n 9.80239412e-05-5.22006358e-04j, -3.91105404e-04+7.24365490e-04j,\n 5.41880105e-04-6.62486843e-04j, -1.44683949e-04+2.83522226e-04j,\n -1.91702886e-04+1.31554681e-04j, 5.24558737e-05-1.08982522e-04j,\n 6.74327223e-04+1.10659354e-04j, -5.79971252e-04+1.77968960e-04j,\n -2.51067236e-04-1.07853197e-04j, 3.11939498e-04-1.38577070e-04j,\n -6.04476470e-05+8.52540539e-05j, 1.34265204e-04+8.21556997e-04j,\n -1.17370999e-04-7.91857871e-04j, 2.79181388e-04-7.31803351e-04j,\n -6.90453886e-04+7.46784829e-04j, -1.16164963e-04-4.57167257e-04j,\n -4.69417951e-04-4.41735735e-04j, 1.35998487e-05+1.12007021e-03j,\n 3.29877562e-04+1.48284571e-04j, 5.83769268e-04+2.49004599e-04j,\n -7.52982150e-04-1.68075249e-03j, -3.38846404e-04+9.63951937e-04j,\n 3.55617024e-04-1.27152987e-04j, 8.13345170e-04-4.35530692e-04j,\n 2.21017421e-04+3.81957629e-04j, -2.29169840e-04+4.31749297e-04j,\n -3.49092860e-04-5.49892781e-04j, 1.47060146e-05-4.94382810e-04j,\n 8.50208905e-04+7.47663086e-05j, -1.45781683e-04+3.05060633e-04j,\n -5.68202031e-04+2.25181950e-04j, -6.70225923e-05-4.04705073e-04j,\n 5.49901664e-04+1.00974501e-03j, 1.09107837e-05-4.09919474e-04j,\n -7.08992001e-04-6.93567150e-04j, 2.38546368e-05+3.33138967e-04j,\n 6.59087722e-04+4.15920176e-04j, -9.24723091e-04+5.72433162e-04j,\n 3.16802067e-04-1.97599886e-04j, 9.59921563e-04-7.20312263e-04j,\n -2.04590275e-04-7.58383004e-04j, -9.83521376e-04+1.39303955e-03j,\n 1.00191560e-03-1.06808718e-03j, -1.44975474e-04+2.10013067e-04j,\n 1.57355072e-04-8.06148227e-05j, -9.77899528e-04+1.01124440e-03j,\n 1.40629188e-04+3.07843307e-04j, 4.58437822e-04-1.54270986e-03j,\n -3.58655124e-06+3.05346109e-04j, -8.51095471e-04+9.50186675e-04j,\n 6.49841806e-04-3.69990669e-04j, -2.42669267e-04+1.97887318e-04j,\n 1.08560919e-03-5.57172096e-04j, -1.38075404e-03+3.06128065e-04j,\n -2.99248592e-04-1.96865567e-04j, 4.34882427e-04+6.50054051e-05j,\n 1.09891678e-03+1.84768495e-04j, -7.36401037e-04-1.54611504e-03j,\n 1.95455637e-04+1.59373547e-03j, -1.65580093e-04-1.90926799e-04j,\n -1.13688576e-04+4.12506434e-04j, 1.12544155e-03+4.77414267e-04j,\n -1.31365139e-03-1.41451042e-03j, 5.79908017e-04+1.48045447e-04j,\n -4.82300426e-04+0.00000000e+00j],\n [ 3.94302788e-02+0.00000000e+00j, -1.50769610e-02+6.62688618e-04j,\n 1.63792293e-04-9.09965691e-04j, -4.20457549e-04+7.67888474e-04j,\n -2.62611773e-03+1.79287284e-04j, -1.39992458e-03+8.62646142e-04j,\n 1.43622367e-03-8.15390156e-04j, -1.32725278e-04-5.22439730e-04j,\n -1.02788776e-03-2.84542025e-05j, 7.04202642e-04+5.75840478e-04j,\n -4.85970329e-04-8.42626503e-04j, -2.85902831e-04-9.33336830e-04j,\n 3.85726455e-04+1.01063584e-03j, -4.54619102e-04+1.89852072e-04j,\n 3.96938522e-04+4.87940712e-06j, -2.64396836e-04+7.56253750e-04j,\n -7.20372356e-04-6.38146395e-04j, 8.97949930e-04+7.69071706e-05j,\n 5.23039447e-04-3.00850918e-04j, -2.30101044e-04-3.83685318e-04j,\n -8.45559655e-04+6.25181058e-04j, -1.55582013e-04-1.67400948e-04j,\n 3.48307983e-04+6.57074044e-05j, -8.67179548e-04-1.65800957e-04j,\n 6.26144481e-04+2.31985901e-04j, 2.96950721e-04-5.87318674e-05j,\n -1.59847453e-04-1.45575757e-04j, 4.17422830e-05+1.62311722e-04j,\n -4.06935839e-04+4.60837714e-05j, 2.40112226e-04-1.88702128e-04j,\n -3.12380034e-04-2.25416888e-04j, 2.83110337e-04+1.05608322e-03j,\n 1.69140411e-06-1.07341915e-03j, -1.61321781e-04+3.08879494e-04j,\n -7.12735790e-06-2.89430707e-05j, 3.44852190e-04-2.42375302e-05j,\n 1.77649387e-04+4.46179235e-04j, 3.00653183e-05-2.58839835e-04j,\n -8.75480076e-04-1.78086957e-04j, 3.15614668e-04-2.23862597e-04j,\n -3.28856251e-05+5.09215677e-04j, 2.42580737e-04+1.91265064e-04j,\n -5.38095552e-04-3.36387834e-04j, 5.89000296e-05-1.38800403e-04j,\n 5.93041602e-04+3.91920304e-04j, 2.58312359e-04-3.52047888e-04j,\n 5.41664911e-05+7.84828629e-05j, -4.87040484e-04+2.00465143e-07j,\n -2.24098958e-04-5.00037983e-04j, 3.25842394e-04+1.16315659e-04j,\n -3.33712131e-04+5.56801846e-04j, 7.20763407e-04-3.98413351e-04j,\n -6.98367513e-04-1.21573550e-04j, 3.84986333e-04+2.61687346e-04j,\n 1.91783081e-04+4.26843301e-04j, -3.61446144e-04-5.30072060e-04j,\n -1.90875135e-04-1.22069126e-04j, 5.47142772e-04+2.66855906e-04j,\n 4.08724905e-06-1.39431456e-04j, -3.61842034e-04+7.01928105e-05j,\n -2.68947677e-04-7.08310314e-05j, -2.73181365e-04+2.79827782e-04j,\n 1.21452700e-03+1.36751774e-05j, -4.48800651e-04-8.19776275e-04j,\n -1.19266297e-04+6.53314340e-04j, -1.48156234e-04+2.20506208e-04j,\n -3.25802814e-04-5.00083015e-04j, 9.93835264e-04+6.10726403e-04j,\n -5.92139594e-04-3.50046309e-04j, -2.20551315e-04+2.66541088e-04j,\n -5.38101746e-04-4.33232244e-04j, 4.53140432e-05+2.67048105e-04j,\n 5.45584100e-04-4.36233554e-04j, 1.89055956e-04+4.05146241e-04j,\n 4.91230583e-04+5.80214622e-04j, -9.70303336e-04-2.07957665e-04j,\n -1.54105042e-04-1.78764985e-04j, 8.29454691e-04-9.70980630e-04j,\n 2.93041276e-05+2.99636023e-04j, 1.11761881e-04+7.06579832e-04j,\n -5.13429489e-04+1.03407490e-05j, -4.51280720e-04-3.28230045e-04j,\n 6.09306297e-04-5.08877271e-04j, 4.69052361e-04+7.90693011e-04j,\n -7.29652303e-04+1.16791352e-04j, -2.63583592e-04+2.40084959e-04j,\n 7.80339281e-05-8.09166755e-04j, 5.91733367e-04+6.46003586e-04j,\n 5.18742468e-04-3.69670376e-04j, -1.10819540e-03-2.98322967e-05j,\n 3.35961109e-04+5.08219023e-04j, -1.37905601e-04-1.35428372e-03j,\n -7.54841905e-05+3.93744885e-04j, 2.75316936e-04+2.05765280e-04j,\n -2.85925096e-04+1.42533512e-04j, -2.49244553e-04+3.44507517e-04j,\n -5.49966896e-05-1.61934566e-04j, -6.94024634e-05+3.21277311e-05j,\n 1.14427279e-03+2.14503629e-04j, -4.06256577e-04-2.42573698e-04j,\n -1.37008788e-04+6.09181906e-04j, 9.41131852e-05-8.08853747e-04j,\n -1.05763981e-04-4.56058417e-04j, 4.74122378e-04+4.69608012e-04j,\n -3.95122830e-04+1.79715038e-04j, -5.41657307e-05+2.94641051e-04j,\n -8.99698699e-04-3.08409334e-04j, 1.08313369e-03-2.52154929e-04j,\n 9.61555026e-05+1.16751009e-04j, -6.78396810e-04+3.85853518e-04j,\n 3.08973305e-04+2.04145634e-04j, -1.66564595e-04-2.23731139e-04j,\n -3.64032556e-05-5.80136045e-04j, -1.25077116e-04-1.17649763e-04j,\n 8.22473217e-04-5.10403627e-05j, 1.35846968e-04+9.04349589e-05j,\n -1.08069909e-03+3.56424784e-04j, -3.42539982e-04-4.83310914e-04j,\n 1.02127798e-03+2.27836680e-04j, -1.38094505e-04-1.76668123e-04j,\n 2.64921676e-05-2.31094625e-04j, -2.30827528e-04+4.76342119e-05j,\n 1.46863589e-07+5.09299510e-04j, 6.74095347e-04+5.26744232e-04j,\n -3.63377125e-04-9.05099052e-04j, 6.26177364e-05+1.23244300e-04j,\n 4.31863072e-05+8.96514097e-04j, -1.06310512e-03-7.14346108e-04j,\n 5.75517243e-04+2.35967322e-04j, 4.41244980e-04-2.65860383e-05j,\n 3.70694639e-04-2.71684200e-04j, -5.39649217e-04-2.89578543e-05j,\n -2.05237670e-04+3.55566693e-04j, -2.29304581e-04-1.82601791e-04j,\n -1.63278707e-04+8.28089685e-05j, 4.85237610e-04-3.27131430e-04j,\n -3.85198889e-04+5.78130634e-04j, 1.91039368e-04-6.73331290e-04j,\n 2.83290401e-04-2.36600115e-04j, 1.56155251e-04+1.35530242e-03j,\n -2.58546407e-04-1.92172329e-04j, -1.64289988e-05-1.12061403e-03j,\n -2.06761243e-04+5.39404115e-04j, 8.90146217e-04-1.10273389e-04j,\n -5.53419489e-04-8.01172163e-05j, 3.69800922e-04+1.19385537e-04j,\n -6.06753749e-04+1.74073233e-04j, 2.37762330e-04+2.21509768e-05j,\n 9.04367392e-05-1.17178154e-04j, 6.65735029e-06+4.23161474e-04j,\n -3.66355661e-04-5.69644277e-05j, 2.72752455e-04-4.36970254e-04j,\n 1.89332418e-04-1.28477791e-05j, -2.48450704e-04+3.85021186e-04j,\n -1.06569421e-04-3.41965661e-04j, -3.70428389e-04-4.26724302e-05j,\n 3.58595638e-04+5.14301117e-04j, 2.51269109e-04-2.08539926e-04j,\n 4.88939967e-06+5.71210855e-05j, 1.18578623e-04-1.05802288e-04j,\n 3.11344492e-04+1.01891390e-05j, -8.56978432e-04+1.74893270e-05j,\n 1.33232876e-03-2.98487141e-04j, -4.85805120e-04-5.94291833e-05j,\n -7.76562206e-05+8.03680105e-04j, -3.43743448e-04-6.84465578e-04j,\n 1.92205105e-05+2.78271830e-04j, -8.62407096e-05-6.06097609e-06j,\n 7.51468262e-05+6.27872523e-04j, -1.25139166e-05-7.07494831e-04j,\n -4.26531031e-05+3.33935842e-05j, -4.93983638e-05+6.62065104e-06j,\n 9.65211897e-05-1.71035129e-04j, 4.09508943e-04+1.81017834e-04j,\n -1.00836515e-03-3.78649449e-04j, -2.28902765e-04+4.29769144e-04j,\n 7.55644169e-04-6.15984149e-05j, -1.31806876e-04+1.50093610e-04j,\n 7.41534101e-04+5.25070731e-05j, -6.37489984e-04-3.17623167e-04j,\n 2.50510928e-04+4.72741634e-05j, -3.12101871e-05-5.30198666e-04j,\n -1.61833058e-04+6.04663509e-04j, 4.33069517e-04-1.76875910e-04j,\n -9.68597935e-05+2.72233313e-04j, 1.29069366e-05-6.86698274e-04j,\n -7.70844850e-04+2.59679250e-04j, 5.06334114e-04-2.08281614e-04j,\n -1.23040807e-04+4.96912636e-05j, 2.81721303e-04+2.82239777e-04j,\n -4.32856798e-04+2.85045100e-04j, -7.18904719e-05-3.42817657e-04j,\n 2.82159126e-04+4.51272457e-04j, -2.22012038e-04-7.93265681e-04j,\n 8.25420573e-05+8.53400594e-04j, -1.00706437e-04-2.98939601e-04j,\n 3.14683041e-05-2.27519261e-04j, 4.36941077e-05+1.13381143e-04j,\n -5.18682202e-04+4.48501226e-04j, 2.30610517e-04-5.52246756e-04j,\n 2.34490912e-04-1.26264973e-04j, -7.97095177e-05+3.35952614e-04j,\n -3.45318332e-05-9.44128409e-05j, -7.57633937e-04-3.43506355e-04j,\n 7.20500401e-04+3.51295162e-04j, 4.74556384e-04+6.27668922e-04j,\n -2.81101536e-04-9.78262731e-04j, 4.46874372e-04+1.24837907e-04j,\n 6.05163789e-04-2.12023275e-04j, -1.01407397e-03-5.16929477e-04j,\n -2.98164906e-04+2.33126469e-04j, -4.86355494e-04+4.33123201e-04j,\n 1.83462356e-03-7.71867376e-07j, -7.69209261e-04-7.01104884e-04j,\n -3.18641790e-05+3.73050143e-04j, 1.15613125e-04+9.09600948e-04j,\n -4.28446346e-04+7.86494004e-05j, -3.34852105e-04-3.47817544e-04j,\n 6.26099520e-04-1.68044497e-04j, 4.68369045e-04+1.42514209e-04j,\n -2.83908873e-04+7.92399750e-04j, -2.49184244e-04-2.18710226e-04j,\n -9.19001071e-05-6.04839544e-04j, 4.08264053e-04+9.93217421e-06j,\n -1.08943196e-03+3.64046481e-04j, 4.09723216e-04+8.49350013e-05j,\n 7.86130478e-04-6.09249721e-04j, -3.38645074e-04-2.27244838e-05j,\n -4.77324227e-04+6.16456017e-04j, -5.01373021e-04-9.55310274e-04j,\n 1.70573740e-04+3.42094097e-04j, 6.89184712e-04+9.91871858e-04j,\n 7.74817539e-04-2.00708515e-04j, -1.39524815e-03-9.81590142e-04j,\n 1.09255944e-03+9.77000557e-04j, -2.06580095e-04-1.44088734e-04j,\n 1.00169291e-04+1.44579525e-04j, -1.08783213e-03-8.86595885e-04j,\n -2.96315620e-04+1.88823864e-04j, 1.58771473e-03+2.66780661e-04j,\n -2.99713732e-04+3.14700680e-05j, -1.08078974e-03-6.78289646e-04j,\n 4.79116024e-04+5.81652824e-04j, -2.43603471e-04-1.88258714e-04j,\n 7.93634703e-04+9.36679925e-04j, -6.29229943e-04-1.26267628e-03j,\n 9.93210429e-05-3.33132766e-04j, 5.00382390e-05+4.41575210e-04j,\n 1.61111886e-04+1.10747772e-03j, 1.23195666e-03-1.20419700e-03j,\n -1.43246313e-03+7.18458426e-04j, 1.23366572e-04-2.18045537e-04j,\n -4.21981246e-04+5.80438962e-05j, 2.37621151e-05+1.23103317e-03j,\n 7.49466857e-04-1.79312642e-03j, 1.24531095e-04+4.69038221e-04j,\n -8.82536309e-04+0.00000000e+00j]]) self.altes_E = np.zeros((257, 2, 2), dtype = complex) alpha = 0.8
findessentialmat gives different results for the same set of feature points
I am extracting matching feature points from a camera pair. I have a bit more than 200 feature points, by eye ~90% of them are really matching ... I try to reconstruct the relative position and orientation of the two cameras, using the opencv's findessentialmat function. A minimal running example is here: minimal.py import numpy as np import cv2 DIM=(1280, 960) K0 =np.array([[741.33782999, 0., 682.12142279], [ 0., 742.80374714, 464.20413311], [ 0., 0., 1. ]]) def readfile(filename): q = [] p = [] with open(filename) as fp: for cnt, line in enumerate(fp): px, py, qx, qy = line.split() p = np.append(p, [float(px), float(py)]) q = np.append(q, [float(qx), float(qy)]) n = int(len(p)/2) p = np.reshape(p, (n, 2)) q = np.reshape(q, (n, 2)) return p, q p12, q12 = readfile("d_temp") retval, mask = cv2.findEssentialMat(p12, q12, K0, method=cv2.RANSAC) NN, R, t, _ = cv2.recoverPose(retval, p12, q12, K0, mask=mask) dst, jacobian = cv2.Rodrigues(R) print("rotation vector") print(np.degrees(dst)) print("translation vector") print(t) sample data file is here ... (sorry for the long file, but in order of reproducibility, I think it is a good idea to provide this ...) # d.dat 447.7982482910156 783.8470458984375 844.46875 478.64984130859375 472.2575988769531 783.9226684570312 861.17919921875 463.9976806640625 471.056884765625 785.6572265625 861.0101928710938 463.9947814941406 679.7252197265625 613.1166381835938 835.0584716796875 162.0465087890625 444.4239196777344 773.3471069335938 834.8787231445312 474.52978515625 476.6434631347656 548.7996215820312 695.3291625976562 295.1576232910156 316.2449035644531 876.6978149414062 767.7656860351562 608.9740600585938 28.56636619567871 835.704833984375 449.8716125488281 713.1991577148438 482.4017028808594 755.1663208007812 850.0111083984375 430.626220703125 471.2223205566406 795.663818359375 868.9219360351562 471.4686279296875 585.5891723632812 928.5010986328125 1024.892333984375 481.9182434082031 134.27027893066406 438.8541564941406 1023.7425537109375 448.80987548828125 560.4802856445312 782.7987060546875 934.5108642578125 399.1592102050781 437.55364990234375 783.9776611328125 835.0953979492188 485.783203125 558.8355102539062 783.1337280273438 934.3226928710938 401.5900573730469 493.6907958984375 811.2030639648438 899.3700561523438 465.0192565917969 333.5005187988281 474.5987548828125 514.41748046875 354.7676696777344 281.6152648925781 854.6431274414062 725.10009765625 614.118896484375 489.6645812988281 819.7667846679688 901.4575805664062 474.939697265625 567.0088500976562 793.2717895507812 946.3422241210938 409.54779052734375 473.9570007324219 741.4544677734375 835.43359375 427.68084716796875 263.5504455566406 593.8671875 308.0599670410156 864.5149536132812 329.52447509765625 759.8671875 982.2100219726562 759.9042358398438 223.50721740722656 877.8092041015625 697.9076538085938 710.441162109375 448.5132751464844 783.9352416992188 845.5458984375 478.6185302734375 166.29356384277344 703.2822875976562 575.96337890625 587.17431640625 195.16452026367188 645.3009033203125 548.0439453125 573.9312133789062 679.7011108398438 613.3897094726562 835.2294311523438 162.2067413330078 560.1014404296875 783.4053344726562 934.7252807617188 400.22491455078125 260.0428466796875 682.58203125 988.1619262695312 737.9358520507812 173.69033813476562 726.2459716796875 244.25367736816406 609.8120727539062 193.5665283203125 495.71881103515625 493.33575439453125 457.4891052246094 318.1491394042969 455.9480895996094 518.5922241210938 354.5550537109375 245.27215576171875 839.358642578125 686.4036865234375 623.212646484375 743.0471801757812 889.39306640625 1060.811767578125 363.8262023925781 99.52837371826172 455.26544189453125 503.113525390625 550.7799682617188 276.1446838378906 699.6495971679688 751.2548217773438 852.3948974609375 190.50099182128906 745.3849487304688 614.2245483398438 600.6458740234375 189.45762634277344 399.43841552734375 471.45098876953125 468.6031799316406 324.149169921875 851.31103515625 753.8226928710938 590.1079711914062 477.1978759765625 545.6710205078125 691.1409301757812 295.8692626953125 399.811767578125 455.1125793457031 349.0351257324219 853.0255126953125 150.71499633789062 637.7068481445312 127.8241958618164 617.8019409179688 174.24513244628906 443.05633544921875 460.3077697753906 445.8348388671875 290.4751892089844 563.4282836914062 1177.7535400390625 647.7413330078125 35.504730224609375 375.5752868652344 1132.147216796875 732.7445678710938 570.9328002929688 891.2274780273438 430.9983825683594 598.0726928710938 129.2855224609375 447.6126403808594 269.48297119140625 518.7491455078125 916.583984375 654.3966674804688 131.51922607421875 544.0574340820312 453.64923095703125 909.1268920898438 310.0630798339844 873.9638061523438 272.41595458984375 779.4100952148438 242.86692810058594 574.124267578125 145.89622497558594 426.38616943359375 839.9185791015625 446.7758483886719 353.2640075683594 649.1328125 568.7075805664062 853.6813354492188 336.7197570800781 477.26580810546875 522.921630859375 354.66552734375 465.9938659667969 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1221.7332763671875 703.2756958007812 151.7079315185547 538.6076049804688 1171.26611328125 744.8568115234375 455.8720397949219 923.6216430664062 293.6156311035156 520.2632446289062 755.9539184570312 425.693359375 721.1444702148438 557.8267822265625 236.97491455078125 803.6630249023438 345.28497314453125 573.0845336914062 256.1427917480469 751.1841430664062 815.1627807617188 575.2886352539062 150.6051483154297 808.0634765625 1100.4906005859375 376.1284484863281 451.0987548828125 783.4356689453125 845.8777465820312 475.60662841796875 190.6558074951172 726.7108764648438 198.06886291503906 806.1127319335938 253.4427947998047 811.1024169921875 680.5772094726562 602.2901611328125 474.2422180175781 889.94970703125 1053.8233642578125 782.5803833007812 255.00839233398438 917.341552734375 513.7374877929688 640.0439453125 1222.5206298828125 622.4488525390625 134.43798828125 701.2150268554688 159.8446807861328 635.2228393554688 117.02838134765625 618.8228759765625 292.8087158203125 783.5065307617188 885.8173217773438 486.5264587402344 270.91424560546875 630.530029296875 1082.656494140625 474.8466491699219 169.22506713867188 690.652587890625 534.94384765625 663.4573364257812 184.35617065429688 718.0018920898438 575.8900756835938 588.4228515625 145.36634826660156 793.1689453125 241.65538024902344 558.2052612304688 335.16741943359375 476.04388427734375 700.72900390625 300.7030334472656 338.5652160644531 602.8555908203125 545.0261840820312 405.92352294921875 195.44569396972656 486.26318359375 1114.947998046875 454.03131103515625 444.54022216796875 505.8288879394531 1046.0294189453125 507.0823059082031 I run the code several times like this: for i in `seq 10`; do sort -R d.dat > d_temp; python minimal.py; done It means, that I use the same set of correspondet feature point point pairs but I shuffle them. As a result I got reconstructed rotations (in this case) around the X axis between 14 and 23 degree, around the Y axis 11 and 33 degree and around the Z axis -45 and -50 degree. The translation vector also varies a lot (x -> [-.99:0.49]. y -> [-0.11:0.15], z -> [-0.9:0] (I dont have an absolute measurement for the rotation but the translation should be in X ~42cm, Y and Z ~0cm)). As far I understand this is due to the ransac and the 5-point algorithm. They are not deterministic (if there are more than 5 valid feature point correspondance (can you correct me?)). But in this case how one could know which 'order' of the correspondent feature points gives the real essential matrix? Or is there any better algorithm to hunt down this problem?
guess function when using built-in defined models in lmfit
I am having a problem with the guess function of lmfit. I am trying to fit some experimental data and I want to use different built in models of lmfit, but I cannot run the built in modules, only if I define the function directly. The following code does not work, but if I comment the guess function it works. P.S. It would be more interesting for me that the index is the first column because I will put this in a loop that will use all the same first column of the data and therefore i could put each new second column of the data as a new column in the DataFrame. # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import pandas as pd import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from lmfit import Model from lmfit.models import GaussianModel minvalue = 3.25 maxvalue = 3.45 rawdata = pd.read_csv('datafile.txt', delim_whitespace = True, names=['XX','YY']) #Section the data data = rawdata[(rawdata['XX']>minvalue) & (rawdata['XX'] < maxvalue)] #Create a DataFrame with the data dataDataframe = pd.DataFrame() dataDataframe[0] = data['YY'] dataDataframe = dataDataframe.set_index(data['XX']) # Gaussian curve def gaussian(x, amp, cen, wid): "1-d gaussian: gaussian(x, amp, cen, wid)" return (amp/(np.sqrt(2*np.pi)*wid)) * np.exp(-(x-cen)**2 /(2*wid**2)) result_gaussian = Model(gaussian).fit(dataDataframe[0], x=dataDataframe.index.values, amp=5, cen=5, wid=1) mod = GaussianModel() pars = mod.guess(dataDataframe[0], x = np.float32(dataDataframe.index.values)) out = mod.fit(dataDataframe[0], pars , x = np.float32(dataDataframe.index.values)) plt.plot(dataDataframe.index.values, dataDataframe[0],'bo') plt.plot(dataDataframe.index.values, result_gaussian.best_fit, 'r-', label = 'Gaussian') plt.plot(dataDataframe.index.values, out.best_fit, 'b-', label = 'Gaussian2') plt.legend() plt.show() Error message I am having if I uncomment the built in modules: File "/Users/johndoe/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/lmfit/models.py", line 52, in guess_from_peak cen = x[imaxy] IndexError: only integers, slices (`:`), ellipsis (`...`), numpy.newaxis (`None`) and integer or boolean arrays are valid indices I have tried to run the guess_from_peak from models.py and i did not have a problem it resulted in an integer. Raw data: 1.1661899e+000 7.3414581e+002 1.1730889e+000 7.4060590e+002 1.1799880e+000 7.3778076e+002 1.1868871e+000 7.2950366e+002 1.1937861e+000 7.0154932e+002 1.2006853e+000 7.0399518e+002 1.2075844e+000 7.3814081e+002 1.2144834e+000 7.5750049e+002 1.2213825e+000 7.6613043e+002 1.2282816e+000 7.4348322e+002 1.2351807e+000 7.2836584e+002 1.2420797e+000 7.0964618e+002 1.2489789e+000 7.1938611e+002 1.2558780e+000 7.0620062e+002 1.2627770e+000 7.2354883e+002 1.2696761e+000 7.1347961e+002 1.2765752e+000 7.1027679e+002 1.2834742e+000 7.4422925e+002 1.2903733e+000 7.5596112e+002 1.2972724e+000 7.2770599e+002 1.3041714e+000 7.2000342e+002 1.3110706e+000 7.4451556e+002 1.3179697e+000 7.4411346e+002 1.3248687e+000 6.9408307e+002 1.3317678e+000 6.8662170e+002 1.3386669e+000 7.0951758e+002 1.3455659e+000 6.7616663e+002 1.3524650e+000 6.7230786e+002 1.3593642e+000 7.1053870e+002 1.3662632e+000 7.2593860e+002 1.3731623e+000 7.1484381e+002 1.3800614e+000 7.3073920e+002 1.3869605e+000 7.2766406e+002 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4.3535652e+000 3.4719943e+002 4.3604641e+000 3.4054718e+002 4.3673630e+000 3.2842471e+002 4.3742623e+000 3.2503146e+002 4.3811612e+000 3.3431540e+002 4.3880606e+000 3.3462808e+002 4.3949594e+000 3.3529224e+002 4.4018588e+000 3.3313510e+002 4.4087577e+000 3.4015598e+002 4.4156566e+000 3.3703552e+002 4.4225559e+000 3.3024448e+002 4.4294548e+000 3.2974786e+002
As I suggested in the comment above, coercing the pandas Series into an ndarray will fix the problem: mod = GaussianModel() ydata = np.array(dataDataframe[0]) xdata = np.array(dataDataframe.index.values) pars = mod.guess(ydata, x=xdata) out = mod.fit(ydata, pars, x=xdata)
This example works for me: #!/usr/bin/env python from lmfit.models import LorentzianModel import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import pandas as pd dframe = pd.read_csv('peak.csv') model = LorentzianModel() params = model.guess(dframe['y'], x=dframe['x']) result = model.fit(dframe['y'], params, x=dframe['x']) print(result.fit_report()) result.plot_fit() plt.show() with peaks.csv of x,y 0.000000, 0.021654 0.200000, 0.385367 0.400000, 0.193304 0.600000, 0.103481 0.800000, 0.404041 1.000000, 0.212585 1.200000, 0.253212 1.400000, -0.037306 1.600000, 0.271415 1.800000, 0.025614 2.000000, 0.066419 2.200000, -0.034347 2.400000, 0.153702 2.600000, 0.161341 2.800000, -0.097676 3.000000, -0.061880 3.200000, 0.085341 3.400000, 0.083674 3.600000, 0.190944 3.800000, 0.222168 4.000000, 0.214417 4.200000, 0.341221 4.400000, 0.634501 4.600000, 0.302566 4.800000, 0.101096 5.000000, -0.106441 5.200000, 0.567396 5.400000, 0.531899 5.600000, 0.459800 5.800000, 0.646655 6.000000, 0.662228 6.200000, 0.820844 6.400000, 0.947696 6.600000, 1.541353 6.800000, 1.763981 7.000000, 1.846081 7.200000, 2.986333 7.400000, 3.182907 7.600000, 3.786487 7.800000, 4.822287 8.000000, 5.739122 8.200000, 6.744448 8.400000, 7.295213 8.600000, 8.737766 8.800000, 9.693782 9.000000, 9.894218 9.200000, 10.193956 9.400000, 10.091519 9.600000, 9.652392 9.800000, 8.670938 10.000000, 8.004205 10.200000, 6.773599 10.400000, 6.076502 10.600000, 5.127315 10.800000, 4.303762 11.000000, 3.426006 11.200000, 2.416431 11.400000, 2.311363 11.600000, 1.748020 11.800000, 1.135594 12.000000, 0.888514 12.200000, 1.030794 12.400000, 0.543024 12.600000, 0.767751 12.800000, 0.657551 13.000000, 0.495730 13.200000, 0.447520 13.400000, 0.173839 13.600000, 0.256758 13.800000, 0.596106 14.000000, 0.065328 14.200000, 0.197267 14.400000, 0.260038 14.600000, 0.460880 14.800000, 0.335248 15.000000, 0.295977 15.200000, -0.010228 15.400000, 0.138670 15.600000, 0.192113 15.800000, 0.304371 16.000000, 0.442517 16.200000, 0.164944 16.400000, 0.001907 16.600000, 0.207504 16.800000, 0.012640 17.000000, 0.090878 17.200000, -0.222967 17.400000, 0.391717 17.600000, 0.180295 17.800000, 0.206875 18.000000, 0.240595 18.200000, -0.037437 18.400000, 0.139918 18.600000, 0.012560 18.800000, -0.053009 19.000000, 0.226069 19.200000, 0.076879 19.400000, 0.078599 19.600000, 0.016125 19.800000, -0.071217 20.000000, -0.091474