I'm a newbie to programming and trying to learn it with edx/microsoft.
I'm failing at this task somehow I don't understand it.
Define yell_this() and call with variable argument
define variable words_to_yell as a string gathered from user input()
Call yell_this() with words_to_yell as argument
get user input() for the string words_to_yell
I'm using python 3 on an azure jupyter notebook on linux
I'll try to answer to the best of my understanding of this question
Step 1.
define variable words_to_yell as a string gathered from user input()
In python you can define a variable like this:
words_to_yell = input('Please provide a word to yell: ')
This will define a variable containing whatever the user passed in
Step 2.
Call yell_this() with words_to_yell as argument
Assuming you have this function defined, you can call it like this
yell_this(words_to_yell)
#define the function and ask for user input
def words_to_yell():
words_to_yell = input("Please type words to yell:")
print(words_to_yell.upper() + "!!!")
#call the function like this:
words_to_yell()
Related
I am still working on the same encryption program before and I am currently stuck.
choice = ""
def program (str,my_fn):
global i
i=0
while i<len(str):
my_fn
i += 1
def encrypt(my_result):
message.append(ord(answer[i]))
while choice != "Exit":
choice = input("Do you want to Encrypt, Decrypt, or Exit?\n")
if choice == "Encrypt":
answer = input("What would you like to encrypt:\n")
message = []
program(answer,encrypt(message))
print (answer)
print (message)
So the first part of the program is simply asking the user if they wish to Encrypt, Decrypt, or Exit the program, this part works perfectly fine. However, my issue is with the functions. Function "program" is intended to serve as a repeater for the inner function for every single letter in the string. However, when I try to run the program, it continues to tell me that "i" isn't defined for the "encrypt" function and does nothing. I am certain I set "i" as a global variable so why isn't this working. In case you are wondering why I chose to make two functions, it is because I will later have to use function "program" multiple time and for this specific assignment I am required to use functions and abstractions. Thanks!
Add one line after your first line
choice = ""
i = 0
The keyword global means you declare an access to a global name.
Also, using a global variable is almost never a good idea. You may want to find another way to design your function.
The line program(answer,encrypt(message)) doesn't do what you want it to do. Rather than passing the function encrypt and its argument message to program (which can call it later), it calls the function immediately. It would pass the return value to program instead, but since encrypt(message) doesn't work without i defined, you get an exception instead.
There are a few ways you could fix this. By far the best approach is to not use global variables in your functions, and instead always pass the objects you care about as arguments or return values.
For instance, you could pass a function that encrypts a single letter to another function that repeatedly applies the first one to a string (this would be very much like the builtin map function):
def my_map(function, string):
result = []
for character in string:
result.append(function(character))
return result
def my_encryption_func(character):
return ord(character)
If you really want to stick with your current architecture, you could make it work by using functools.partial to bind the answer argument to your encrypt function, and then call the partial object in program:
from functools import partial
def program (str,my_fn):
global i
i=0
while i<len(str):
my_fn() # call the passed "function"
i += 1
def encrypt(my_result):
message.append(ord(answer[i]))
choice = ""
while choice != "Exit":
choice = input("Do you want to Encrypt, Decrypt, or Exit?\n")
if choice == "Encrypt":
answer = input("What would you like to encrypt:\n")
message = []
program(answer, partial(encrypt, message)) # pass a partial object here!
print (answer)
print (message)
I have a list of tuples consisting of name, phone number and address, and a function called "all" which just shows a list of all the tuples (like in a phonebook). The function is called via input from a user.
I want another function, called "entry" which shows a specific entry of my list. This function should be called via input as well with the index number of the entry (for example, "entry 12") and show just this entry.
Although I can't figure out how to take the number from the input as a parameter for my function and how to call the function. Does it have to contain a variable in the function name which will later be replaced by the number? How can i do that?
Have you looked into argparse?
import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='your description')
parser.add_argument('-entry', dest="entry")
args = parser.parse_args()
print (args.entry)
You can then call this with python yourfile.py -entry="this is the entry"
That will allow you to take an input when you run the file.
I'm sorry if misunderstood your question, but it seems like you need function arguments. For example: if your `entry' program just prints out what the user put in, your code would look like this:
def entry(user_input): # the variable in the parentheses is your argument--is a local variable ONLY used in the function
print user_input # prints the variable
# now to call the function--use a variable or input() as the function argument
entry(input("Please input the entry number\n >>> ") # see how the return from the input() function call is used as a variable? this basically uses what the user types in as a function argument.
Try running it, and you'll see how it works.
Best of luck and happy coding!
I am very new to Python, as you can probably tell from the code. To begin, I am trying to have the user input their name and store that in a global variable that I can access all throughout my code...preferably named uName.
What's happening is during the loop cycle, it asks the user 'Is this your name?' after they input the first response. If I hit type anything but 'yes' or 'Yes', it will re-ask them to input the name. BUT, when they finally hit 'Yes', the program prints the very first name they entered.
Also, any tips on code structure or wording is helpful...
game.py
from decisions import *
import decisions
global globalname
globalname = ''
def gameEngine(uName):
looper = 0
while looper == 0:
print ('You said your name is, ') + uName + ('...')
clarifier = raw_input('Is that correct?\n')
if clarifier == 'yes' or clarifier == 'Yes':
namePrinter(answer)
else:
decisions.userDecisions(username)
def namePrinter(uName):
print uName
gameEngine(answer)
decisions.py
username = ''
def userDecisions(inputs):
response = raw_input("Please enter your name...\n>>> ")
return response
answer = userDecisions(username)
The specific issue that you are encountering is that you are first running the contents of decisions.py though the import statement in game.py. Through that, you have set the variable "answer" to be equal to the first name that the user inputs.
Then you are calling the gameEngine function in game.py, supplying the "answer" variable from decisions.py as the argument, which is stored in "uName". Upon the user entering another name the name is not stored anywhere and is thrown out with the following line.
decisions.userDecisions(username)
You can assign the return of that statement to a variable such as "uName", and that will get you closer to what you want to do.
uName = decisions.userDecisions(username)
The next issue is that when you are printing out the name, you are printing out the variable "answer" as opposed to "uName". This is what is mainly causing the issue of the first name always being printed out.
namePrinter(answer)
This could be resolved by passing in the "uName" variable instead.
namePrinter(uName)
Also if you want the final chosen name to be stored in the global variable you can assign the final user chosen name to the gloabl variable after the user confirms that the nameis correct.
globalname = uName
However, you may want to be careful about a few parts of the structure of your code.
First, you may want to try not to use global variables. Instead you should be passing around the name though the functions which use it. If you have other player information that you need to access often, you can create a Player class and object to store that information in a single object which can be passed around into functions as needed.
Second, as the userDecisions function does not use its arguement "inputs", you can remove that arguement, as it isn't used.
Third, you may want to be careful about running code through import statements alone. Generally when you are importing a source file, you should be importing the functions, and not rely upon imports to directly run code. For example you can remove the non-function lines of decisions.py and simply run the following in game.py instead.
gameEngine(decisions.userDecisions())
I reccomend that you look up some resources on functions and passing arguement in Python, as they might be able to explain the underlying concepts a bit better.
You have screwed up with the variables and their scope. Read more about them here.
To give you a perspective regarding the scope of variables concisely, look at this code snippet:
# This is a global variable
a = 0
if a == 0:
# This is still a global variable
b = 1
def my_function(c):
# this is a local variable
d = 3
print(c)
print(d)
# Now we call the function, passing the value 7 as the first and only parameter
my_function(7)
# a and b still exist
print(a)
print(b)
# c and d don't exist anymore -- these statements will give us name errors!
print(c)
print(d)
Regarding your code, you may want to have a look at these issues:
The answer variable is not accessible in the game.py module.
So is the case with username variable in the decisions.userDecisions(username) call.
The decisions.userDecisions(username) call in the gameEngine(uName) method is not storing the response to any variable and hence the response will be lost.
You are declaring global variable globalname but not assigning any value to it (of course other than '').
P.S.: I was tempted to do your homework for you, but then probably this is good enough information for you to learn more. ;)
Forgive this rather basic Python question, but I literally have very little Python experience. I'm create a basic Python script for use with Kodi:
http://kodi.wiki/view/List_of_built-in_functions
Example code:
import kodi
variable = "The value to use in PlayMedia"
kodi.executebuiltin("PlayMedia(variable)")
kodi.executebuiltin("PlayerControl(RepeatAll)")
Rather than directly providing a string value for the function PlayMedia, I want to pass a variable as the value instead. The idea is another process may modify the variable value with sed so it can't be static.
Really simple, but can someone point me in the right direction?
It's simple case of string formatting.
template = "{}({})"
functionName = "function" # e.g. input from user
arg = "arg" # e.g. input from user
formatted = template.format(functionName, arg)
assert formatted == "function(arg)"
kodi.executebuiltin(formatted)
OK as far as I get your problem you need to define a variable whose value could be changed later, so the first part is easier, defining a variable in python is as simple as new_song = "tiffny_avlord_I_love_u", similarly you can define another string as new_video = "Bohemia_on_my_feet", the thing to keep in mind is that while defining variables as strings, you need to encapsulate all the string inside the double quotes "..." (However, single quotes also work fine)
Now the issue is how to update it's value , the easiest way is to take input from the user itself which can be done using raw_input() as :
new_song = raw_input("Please enter name of a valid song: ")
print "The new song is : "+new_song
Now whatever the user enters on the console would be stored in the variable new_song and you could use this variable and pass it to any function as
some_function(new_song)
Try executing this line and you will understand how it works.
def function1(arguments):
print("Function 1",arguments)
def function2(arguments):
print("Function 2",arguments)
userInput = input()
Is it possible for the user to enter a function and arguments and for said function to run. eg the user enters function2("Hello World")
Though you can always use eval to make this work but for reasons eval is evil, it is better to use a dictionary call back mechanism, notably
You can create a dictionary to bind the function with the names and call them with appropriate parameters
call_backs = {'function1': function1, 'function2': function2}
assuming you provide an input as follows function2, "Hello World",
You first need to split the data userInput = userInput .split(',') and pass it onto the callback function via the dictionary
call_backs[userInput[0]](userInput[1])