Develop Reference

Turning a text file into a tabular format [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
How do I print parameters of multiple objects in table form? [duplicate]
(2 answers)
Line up columns of numbers (print output in table format)
(7 answers)
Closed 4 years ago.
I'm having issues trying to properly format a text file to fit the needed criteria for a school project. I've been stuck on it for a while and I'm still very new to coding and wanted to know if anyone has an answer that I can understand and implement, hopefully I can learn from those much more experienced.
I want to convert a text file that can be entered by a user that looks like this within the file:
Lennon 12 3.33
McCartney 57 7
Harrison 11 9.1
Starr 3 4.13
and create it to fit a tabular format like this:
Name Hours Total Pay
Lambert 34 357.00
Osborne 22 137.50
Giacometti 5 503.50
I can create the headers, though it may not be pretty code, but when I print the contents of the test file it usually turns out like this:
Name Hour Total pay
Lennon 12 3.33
McCartney 57 7
Harrison 11 9.1
Starr 3 4.13
And I don't understand how to properly format it to look like a proper table that's right justified and properly in line with the actual headers, I'm not sure how to really tackle it or where to even start as I haven't made any real ground on this.
I've gutted my code and broke it down into just the skeleton after trying with things like file_open.read().rstrip("\n) and .format making a mess of the indexes and sometimes somehow ending up with only single letters to appear:
file_name = input("Enter the file name: ")
print("Name" + " " * 12 + "Hour" + " " * 6 + "Total pay")
with open(file_name, 'r') as f:
for line in f:
print(line, end='')
I know it looks simple, and because it is. Our instructor wanted us to work with the "open" command and try and stay away from things that could make it less readable but still as compact as possible. This includes the importing of third party tools which shot down chances to use things like beautifultable like a few other friends have offered as an easier way out.
I had a classmate say to read the lines that turns it into a list and adjust it from there with some formatting, and another classmate said I could probably format it without listing it; although I found that the newline character "\n" appears at the end of each list index if turning it into a list
ex: ['Lennon 12 3.33\n', 'McCartney 57 7\n', 'Harrison 11 9.1\n', 'Starr 3 4.13']
Though what I don't understand is how to format the things that are within the list so that the name can be separated from each of the number variables and in line with the header as I don't have much experience with for loops that many say can be an easy fix within my class if I have that down pat.
I'm not exactly looking for straight coded answers, but rather a point in the right direction or where to read up on how to manipulate listed content

Here's something to get you headed in the right direction:
data_filename = 'employees.txt'
headers = 'Name', 'Hours', 'Rate' # Column names.
# Read the data from file into a list-of-lists table.
with open(data_filename) as file:
datatable = [line.split() for line in file.read().splitlines()]
# Find the longest data value or header to be printed in each column.
widths = [max(len(value) for value in col)
for col in zip(*(datatable + [headers]))]
# Print heading followed by the data in datatable.
# (Uses '>' to right-justify the data in some columns.)
format_spec = '{:{widths[0]}} {:>{widths[1]}} {:>{widths[2]}}'
print(format_spec.format(*headers, widths=widths))
for fields in datatable:
print(format_spec.format(*fields, widths=widths))
Output:
Name Hours Rate
Lennon 12 3.33
McCartney 57 7
Harrison 11 9.1
Starr 3 4.13

You can use pandas for this, a dataframe will do the required job
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv('file.txt', sep='\s{1,}')
df.columns = ['Name','Hours','Total Pay']
print(df)
Hope this helps.

Problems reading a file in, and editing certain contents of it

So I have a file with
first name(space)last name(tab)a grade as such.
Example
Wanda Barber 96
I'm having trouble reading this in as a list and then editing the number.
My current code is,
def TopStudents(n):
original = open(n)
contents = original.readlines()
x = contents.split('/t')
for y in x[::2]:
y - 100
if y > 0: (????)
Here is the point where I'm confused. I am just trying to get the first and last names of students who scored over 100%. I thought of creating a new list for students that meet this qualification, but I'm not sure how I would write the corresponding first and last name. I know I need to take the stride of every other location in the list, as odd will always be the first and last names. Thank you in advance for the help!

There are several things wrong with your code:
- The open file must be closed (#1)
- Must be made a function call using to call it (#2)
- The split used is using the forwardslash (/) instead of the backslash () (#3)
- The way you decided to loop through your for loop is not optimal if you are looking to access all the members (#4)
- The for loops end in a : (#5)
- You must store the result of that calculation somewhere (#6)
def TopStudents(n):
original = open(n) #1
contents = original.readlines #2
x = contents.split('/t') #3
for y in x[::2] #4, #5
y - 100 #6
if y > 0:
That said, a fixed version could be:
original = open(n, 'r')
for line in original:
name, score = line.split('\t')
# If needed, you could split the name into first and last name:
# first_name, last_name = name.split(' ')
# 'score' is a string, we must convert it to an int before comparing to one, so...
score = int(score)
if score > 100:
print("The student " + name + " has the score " + str(score))
original.close() #1 - Closed the file
Note: I have focused on readability with several commentary to help you understand the code.

I always prefer to use ‘with open()’ because it closes the file automatically. I used a txt with comma separations for simplicity for me, but you can just replace the comma with \t.
def TopStudents():
with open('temp.txt', 'r') as original:
contents = list(filter(None, (line.strip().strip('\n') for line in original)))
x = list(part.split(',') for part in contents)
for y in x:
if int(y[1]) > 100:
print(y[0], y[1])
TopStudents()
This opens and loads all lines into contents as a list, removing blank lines and line breaks. Then it separates into a list of lists.
You then iterate through each list in x, looking for the second value (y[1]) which is your grade. If the int() is greater than 100, print each segment of y.

Split string in multiple places

New to programming and currently working with python. I am trying to take a user inputted string (containing letters, numbers and special characters), I then need to split it multiple times at different points to reform new strings. I have done research on the splitting of strings (and lists) and feel I understand it but I still know there must be a better way to do this than I can think of.
This is what I currently have
ass=input("Enter Assembly Number: ")
#Sample Input 1 - BF90UQ70321-14
#Sample Input 2 - BS73OA91136-43
ass0=ass[0]
ass1=ass[1]
ass2=ass[2]
ass3=ass[3]
ass4=ass[4]
ass5=ass[5]
ass6=ass[6]
ass7=ass[7]
ass8=ass[8]
ass9=ass[9]
ass10=ass[10]
ass11=ass[11]
ass12=ass[12]
ass13=ass[13]
code1=ass0+ass2+ass3+ass4+ass5+ass6+ass13
code2=ass0+ass2+ass3+ass4+ass5+ass6+ass9
code3=ass1+ass4+ass6+ass7+ass12+ass6+ass13
code4=ass1+ass2+ass4+ass5+ass6+ass9+ass12
# require 21 different code variations
Please tell me that there is a better way to do this.
Thank you

Give a look to this code and Google "python string slicing" (a nice tutorial for beginners is at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EqAgMUPRh7U).
String (and list) slicing is used a lot in Python. Be sure to learn it well. The upper index could be not so intuitive, but it becomes second nature.
ass="ABCDEFGHIJKLMN"
code1 = ass[0] + ass[2:7] + ass[13] # ass[2:7] is to extract 5 chars starting from index 2 (7 is excluded)
code2 = ass[0] + ass[3:7] + ass[9]
code3 = ass[1] + ass[4] + ass[6:8] + ass[12] + ass[6] + ass[13]
code4 = ass[1:3] + ass[4:7] + ass[9] + ass[12]
PS: You probably need also to check if the string length is 14 before working with it.
EDIT: Second solution
Here is another solution, perhaps it is easier to follow:
def extract_chars(mask):
chars = ""
for i in mask:
chars += ass[i]
return chars
mask = [0,2,3,4,5,6,13]
print extract_chars(mask)
Here you define a mask of indexes of the chars you want to extract.

You can try something like this,
input1 = 'BF90UQ70321-14'
code = lambda anum, pos: ''.join(anum[p] for p in pos)
code4 = code(input1, (1,2,4,5,6,9,12))

Function takes exactly 3 arguments (1 given)? Help formatting print statement

Here are my questions:
Create a function called "numSchools" that counts the schools of a specific type. The function should have three input parameters, (1) a string for the workspace, (2) a string for the shapefile name, and (3) a string for the facility type (e.g. "HIGH SCHOOL"), and one output parameter, (1) an integer for the number of schools of that facility type in the shapefile.
import arcpy
shapefile = "Schools.shp"
work = r"c:\Scripts\Lab 6 Data"
sTyp = "HIGH SCHOOL"
def numSchools(work, shapefile, sTyp):
whereClause = "\"FACILITY\" = 'HIGH SCHOOL' " # where clause for high schools
field = ['FACILITY']
searchCurs = arcpy.SearchCursor(shapefile, field, whereClause)
row = searchCurs.next()
for row in searchCurs:
# using getValue() to get the name of the high school
value = row.getValue("NAME")
high_schools = [row[0] for row in arcpy.SearchCursor(shapefile, field, whereClause)]
count = arcpy.GetCount_management(high_schools)
return count
numSchools(work, shapefile, sTyp)
print ("There are a total of: "),count
So this is my code that runs perfectly, but it is accomplished by scripting. I need to wrap it into a python function. (MY WEAKNESS). It seems there are some problems with the last line of my code. `
I am not quite sure how to format this last line of code to read
(there are a total of 29 high schools) while including necessary arguments.

You need to explicitly pass the arguments.
count = numSchools(work, shapefile, sTyp)
print("There are a total of: ", count)

adding '+' to all the numbers as a prefix (numbers are stored in a csv file) using a python script

goal
All the numbers in the csv file that I exported from hotmail are stored as 91123456789 whereas to complete a call i need to dial +91123456789. These contacts will be converted to a batch of vcf files and exported to my phone. I want to add the + to all my contacts at the beginning.
approach
write a python script that can do this for an indefinite number of contacts.
pre-conditions
none of the numbers in the csv file will have a + in them.
problem
(a) there is a posibility that the number itself may have a 91 in it like: +919658912365. This makes the adding a plus very difficult.
explanation:I am adding this as a problem, as if the 91 is there only at the beginning of a number then we can add it simple by checking two consecutive digits and if they match 91 then we can add + else we don't need to add + and we can move on to the next pair of digits.
(b) the fields are seprated by comma's. I want to add the + as a prefix only in front of the field which has the header mobile and not in any other field where a set of digits 91 may appear(like in landline numbers or fax numbers)
research
I tried this with excel, but the process it would take an unreasonable amount of time(like 2 hours!)
specs
I have 400 contacts.
Windows XP SP 3
please help me solve this problem.

Something like below??
import csv
for row in csv.reader(['num1, 123456789', 'num2, 987654321', 'num3, +23456789']):
phoneNumber = row[1].strip()
if not phoneNumber.startswith('+'):
phoneNumber = '+' + phoneNumber
print phoneNumber

Could use iterators to test each phone number as below:
phone_numbers = ['12234', '91232324', '913746', '3453' '9145653', '95843']
for i, number in enumerate(phone_numbers):
phone_numbers[i] = ''.join(['+', phone_numbers[i]]) if number.startswith('91') else phone_numbers[i]
Hope that helps