Develop Reference

'dict' object has no attribute '_committed' can anyone explain why this error occurs

I am sending files from the frontend and I want to save file location in database I am using DRF.
Currently, I am trying to save only one file but i am getting error
"'dict' object has no attribute '_committed'"
Can Anyone please give me some suggestions on what should I do?
Request Body I am getting for on file:-
{'id': "Please provide Site Contact person's Name", 'service': {'id': 3, 'service_name': 'Site
Survey', 'cost_per_kw': 1, 'min_size': 101, 'upto_size': 10000, 'tat': 5, 'creation_date':
None}, 'question': 3, 'creation_date': None, 'real_estate': 0, 'answer': 'VIkrant Patil',
'attachement': [{'name': 'Vikrant Patil - Offer Letter (1).pdf', 'size': 172518, 'url':
'blob:http://localhost:8000/cad9de5d-a12b-41a2-90f7-38deff67fd0f', '_file': {}}], 'project':
189}
My view.py logic for saving only one file:-
class ServiceProjectAnswerViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
model = ServiceProjectAnswer
serializer_class = ServiceProjectAnswerSerializer
# parser_classes = (MultiPartParser, FormParser)
def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
print(request.data)
instance = None
answers = request.data.copy()
data = {}
attachements = answers['attachement']
print(attachements[0])
data['answer'] = answers['answer']
data['project'] = answers['project']
data['question'] = answers['question']
serializer = self.get_serializer(data=data)
if serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True):
try:
instance = serializer.save()
# for attachement in attachements:
AnswerAttachments.objects.create(
answer = instance,
# attachement = attachement
attachement = attachements[0]
)
except Exception as e:
print(e)
return Response(str(e), status=400)
return Response(serializer.data, status=201)
My view.py logic for saving only multiple files :-
In my responce when I a sending multiple files I am sending list of Objects every object has values which i want that is why I have use for loop to iterate.
def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
instance = None
print(request.data)
answers = request.data.copy()
for answer in answers:
data = {}
attachements = answer['attachement']
print(attachements,"attachement")
data['answer'] = answer['answer']
data['project'] = answer['project']
data['question'] = answer['question']
print(data,"data")
serializer = self.get_serializer(data=data)
if serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True):
try:
instance=serializer.save()
for attachement in attachements:
print(attachement)
# attach = {}
# attach['name'] = attachement['name']
# attach['size'] = attachement['size']
# attach['url'] = attachement['url']
print(type(attachement))
AnswerAttachments.objects.create(
answer=instance,
attachement=attachement
)
except Exception as e:
print(e)
return Response(str(e), status=400)
else:
return Response({'message': ('Failed to save answers')}, status=400)
return Response('Answers are saved successfully!!', status=200)

Try something like this,
const formData = new FormData();
formData.append('file', file);
const requestOptions = {
method: "POST",
body:formData
};
Means,try to send body of request in multiform instead of application/json.

JWT token mismatch while OTP verification

I'm generating token while user verified OTP. but while i verify the token in header then I'm getting Invalid payload.
if any help for why i'm getting this error then would be much appreciated.
serializers.py :
class OTPVerifyForResetPasswordAPIView(APIView):
permission_classes = (AllowAny,)
def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
data = request.data
user = request.user
print(user)
phone_number = request.data['phone_number']
country_code = request.data['country_code']
verification_code = request.data['verification_code']
if phone_number and country_code and verification_code:
obj_qs = User.objects.filter(phone_number__iexact = phone_number,country_code__iexact = country_code)
obj = ''
if obj_qs.exists() and obj_qs.count() ==1:
user_obj = obj_qs.first()
#Development
if verification_code == '1234':
payload = jwt_payload_handler(user_obj)
token = jwt_encode_handler(payload)
token = 'JWT '+str(token)
return Response({
'success' : 'True',
'message' : 'Your mobile number verified successfully',
'data' : {
'phone_number' : user_obj.phone_number,
'country_code' : user_obj.country_code,
'token' : token,
}
},status=HTTP_200_OK)
else:
##some logic....
else:
## some logic...

I see an open issue in django-rest-framework-jwt about a similar problem: https://github.com/jpadilla/django-rest-framework-jwt/issues/284
It looks like this library isn't maintained for a few years already, I'd probably suggest you switching to some alternative, they suggest using this one: https://github.com/SimpleJWT/django-rest-framework-simplejwt

Edit the line with user_obj = obj_qs.first() to be like
user_obj = {
'username': obj_qs.first().username,
...
}

MultiValueDictKeyError when upload an Image using Django Test

Hi I am trying to make a test case to test my upload image API. But I think I am not returning something when I pass the files for request.FILES
#models.py
class Image(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
imagefile = models.ImageField(
null=True,
blank=True,
max_length=500,
upload_to='temp/images/')
def __str__(self):
return self.name
#views.py
class ImagesView(APIView):
def post(self, request):
print("DATA!!!", request.data)
print("FILE!!!", request.FILES)
params = Image(
imagefile=request.FILES['image'])
params.save()
print(params)
return Response({"status": "ok"})
#test.py
class CanalImagesApiTests(TestCase):
fixtures = []
def test_post_image(self):
c = Client()
response = c.post('/admin/login/', {'username': 'admin', 'password': 'passwrd'})
filename = 'data/sample_image.jpg'
name = 'sample_image.jpg'
data = {"data": "passthis"}
print(to_upload)
with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
c.post('/images/', data=data, files={"name": name, "image": f}, format='multipart')
response = c.get('/images/')
results = response.json()
My request.FILES is empty: <MultiValueDict: {}>
and my test gets an error: django.utils.datastructures.MultiValueDictKeyError: 'image'

You can pass a file object inside the data dictionary.
files parameter is not needed. format parameter means output format, not input format.
You can use APITestCase instead of TestCase if you are testing Django REST Framework API. This allows you can test some method like PUT.
from rest_framework import status
from rest_framework.test import APITestCase
class CanalImagesApiTests(APITestCase):
def test_post_image(self):
with open('data/sample_image.png', 'rb') as f:
data = {
"data": "passthis",
"image": f,
}
response = self.client.post('/images/', data=data)
self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK)
self.assertEqual(response.json(), {"status": "ok"})
Test result (which is passing):
DATA!!! <QueryDict: {'data': ['passthis'], 'image': [<InMemoryUploadedFile: sample_image.png (image/png)>]}>
FILE!!! <MultiValueDict: {'image': [<InMemoryUploadedFile: sample_image.png (image/png)>]}>

Queryset return response customize

I'm pretty new to Django restframework, what i'm trying now is to return object with foreignkey.
class User(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=255,blank=True)
date_created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
date_modiefied = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
area = models.CharField(max_length=255,blank=True)
uuid = models.CharField(max_length=255)
home = models.CharField(max_length=255,blank=True)
work = models.CharField(max_length=255,blank=True)
mobileNo = models.CharField(max_length=255,blank=True)
email = models.CharField(max_length=255,blank=True)
appVersionCode = models.CharField(max_length=255,blank=True)
photoUrl = models.CharField(max_length=255,blank=True)
serverTime = models.CharField(max_length=255,blank=True)
fcmTokenId = models.CharField(max_length=255,blank=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class LocationData(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(
User, related_name='user', on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING)
source_id = models.CharField(max_length=255)
latitude = models.CharField(max_length=255)
longitude = models.CharField(max_length=255)
speed = models.CharField(max_length=255)
kms = models.CharField(max_length=255)
date_created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
date_modiefied = models.DateTimeField(auto
class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = User
fields = '__all__'
class LocationDataSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = LocationData
fields = '__all__'
depth = 1
I'm using def get_queryset(self):
class SyncIndexLastDataViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
serializer_class = LocationDataSerializer
def get_queryset(self):
userid = self.request.query_params.get('user_id', None)
userExist = User.objects.filter(id=userid)
if userExist.exists():
# call the original 'list' to get the original response
queryset = LocationData.objects.values('source_id').filter(user__id=userid).order_by('-source_id')[:1]
lastSourceId = queryset[0]['source_id']
response = {"collection": {"data": lastSourceId,"statusCode": status.HTTP_200_OK,"version":"1.0"}}
json = JSONRenderer().render(response)
# customize the response data
if response is not None:
return json
else:
# return response with this custom representation
response = {"collection": {"data": "","statusCode":status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,"version":"1.0","error":"Not found"}}
return response
Right now the result is inside the response is below and immediately it throws this error
But i want that queryset to return as below one, Hence i can read those key-pair values in android
{ "collection": {
"data": {
"id": 31,
"source_id": "55",
"latitude": "24654",
"longitude": "454654",
"date_created": "2019-02-08T17:10:09.318644Z",
"date_modiefied": "2019-02-08T17:10:09.318714Z",
"area": "54546",
"user": {
"id": 1,
"name": "Dormy",
"date_created": "1992-01-18T03:29:53.388000Z",
"date_modiefied": "2018-02-19T05:17:00.164000Z",
"serverTime": "",
"fcmTokenId": ""
}
},
"statusCode": 200,
"version": "1.0"
}
Now the error throws
AttributeError: Got AttributeError when attempting to get a value for field source_id on serializer LocationDataSerializer.
The serializer field might be named incorrectly and not match any attribute or key on the int instance.
Original exception text was: 'int' object has no attribute 'source_id'.
Thanks!

The answer to this depends on what type of view you are using but the bottom line is you don't do this in get_queryset you do this in the method for the type of reguest.
For example if you are using a RetrieveAPIView you should override the retrieve method from the RetrieveModelMixin like so:
class MyAPIView(RetrieveAPIView):
queryset = MyModel.objects.all()
serializer_class = MySerializer
def retrieve(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
instance = self.get_object()
serializer = self.get_serializer(instance)
data = {
"collection": {
"data": serializer.data
},
"statusCode": 200,
"version": "1.0"
}
return Response(data)
If you are using something else like a ListAPIView then you want to see what is used by that in the relevant method and override that to wrap your data.
The main thing to realise here is that it has nothing to do with getting the queryset - which is just about getting data from the database. This is about transforming the data into the correct format when sending back a response. As a result the work should be done at the point the response is made.

There are couple of solution possible for this problem. NDevox already mention how we can overwrite our retrive function and get our expected response. But If we want this will be done with every response for every api end-point and if we go this way we need to overwrite every function then its quite burden and its DRY we should avoid this as possible. One of the possible way to introduce a middleware or overwrite Response so that we can get our generic response for every-api end-point without explicitly overwrite every functionality.
Possible Solution One
As we are using DRF here we can add our own return responses with various media types, say for application/json.
First We need to add in our settings.py
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
...
'DEFAULT_RENDERER_CLASSES': (
'app_name.renderers.ApiRenderer', # our own render middleware
),
...
}
And in our custom render middleware
from rest_framework.renderers import BaseRenderer
from rest_framework.utils import json
class ApiRenderer(BaseRenderer):
def render(self, data, accepted_media_type=None, renderer_context=None):
our_response_dict = {
'version': '1.0'
'data': {},
'message': '',
}
if data.get('data'):
our_response_dict['data'] = data.get('data')
if data.get('status'):
our_response_dict['statusCode'] = data.get('status')
if data.get('message'):
our_response_dict['message'] = data.get('message')
data = our_response_dict
return json.dumps(data)
Reference Link
Possible Solution Two
If we are using ModelViewset then there is another way we can achievement that. Say Our Views.py are like following
class A(serializer.ModelSerializer):
........
class B(serializer.ModelSerializer):
........
class C(serializer.ModelSerializer):
........
Our goal is to overwrite ModelViewset's to_representation function and return our custom result. This will like as following
from collections import OrderedDict
class OurParentViewset(serializer.ModelSerializer):
......
def to_representation(self, instance):
data = super(serializers.ModelSerializer, self).to_representation(instance)
result = OrderedDict()
result['data'] = data
result['version'] = '1.0'
result['statusCode'] = '2xx' # i am not fully sure how to customize this
return result
class A(OurParentViewset):
........
class B(OurParentViewset):
........
class C(OurParentViewset):
........

Implementing a custom renderer here seems to be a ways to go.
You can have requests from your android client include in the Accept header a way to identify the client to the renderer. 1 e.g.
Accept: application/json; android=true
Then compose a renderer using the JSONRenderer class to provide the format for your Android client.
# ./formatters/android_format.py
from rest_framework.renderers import JSONRenderer, BaseRenderer
from django.http.multipartparser import parse_header
class AndroidV1FormatRenderer(BaseRenderer):
media_type = 'application/json'
format = 'json'
json_renderer = JSONRenderer()
def android(self, accepted_media_type):
base_media_type, params = parse_header(accepted_media_type.encode('ascii'))
return 'android' in params
def render(self, data, accepted_media_type=None, renderer_context=None):
response = renderer_context['response']
android = self.android(accepted_media_type)
if android:
data = {
"collection": {"data": data},
"statusCode": response.status_code,
"version": "1.0"
}
return json_renderer.render(
wrapped_data, accepted_media_type, renderer_context)
This can then be used where you require response formatted that way using renderer_classes attribute of your APIView. 2

Since get_queryset won't allow you to customize the response data. I decide to take the query value that's important to me.
http://localhost/api/users/?user_id=1 --> changed into ...api/users/1
def retrieve(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
""" userid = self.request.query_params.get('user_id', None) """
userid = kwargs.get('pk')
userExist = User.objects.filter(id=userid)
if userExist.exists():
# call the original 'list' to get the original response
queryset = LocationData.objects.values('source_id').filter(user__id=userid).order_by('-source_id')[:1]
lastSourceId = queryset[0]['source_id']
response = {"collection": {"data": lastSourceId,"statusCode": status.HTTP_200_OK,"version":"1.0"}}
# customize the response data
if response is not None:
return Response(response)
else:
# return response with this custom representation
response = {"collection": {"data": "","statusCode":status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,"version":"1.0","error":"Not found"}}
return response

The submitted data was not a file. Check the encoding type on the form in DRF 3

OutputError
{
"item_image": [
"The submitted data was not a file. Check the encoding type on the form."
],
"item_thumb": [
"The submitted data was not a file. Check the encoding type on the form."
]
}
Data which I'm posting is
input
{
"item_name": "Lural",
"item_image": "/home/prashant/Desktop/suede.png",
"item_thumb": "/home/prashant/Desktop/suede.png",
"item_description": "sd",
"item_mass": 1,
"item_category": "Make Up",
"item_sub_category": "Sub-Feminine",
"item_est_price": "123.12",
"item_wst_price": "120.34"
}
for media type application/json
views.py
#api_view(['GET', 'POST'])
def product_list(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
serializer = ProductSerializer( data=request.data)
# data.encode("base64")
if serializer.is_valid():
serializer.save()
res_msg = {'Success_Message' : 'Created','Success_Code' : 201}
return Response(res_msg)
else:
return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
models.py
class Product(models.Model):
item_category_choices = (
('Make Up','Make Up'),
('Skin Care','Skin Care'),
('Fragrance','Fragrance'),
('Personal Care','Personal Care'),
('Hair Care','Hair Care'),
)
item_name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
item_image = models.ImageField()
item_thumb = models.ImageField()
item_description = models.TextField(max_length=200)
item_mass = models.IntegerField()
item_category = models.CharField(max_length=20,choices = item_category_choices)
item_sub_category = models.CharField(max_length=20)
item_est_price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=15,decimal_places=2)
item_wst_price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=15,decimal_places=2)
def __unicode__(self):
return self.item_name or _('Sprint ending %s')% self.item_avg_price
serializers.py
class ProductSerializer(ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Product
fields = ('id','item_name' ,'item_image','item_thumb','item_description','item_mass','item_category',
'item_sub_category','item_est_price','item_wst_price',)
tried many forums & third party packages too but their isn't any way out from this problem.
Also GET is working totally fine.
Thanks for your time

From Django Docs -
If you intend to allow users to upload files, you must ensure that the
environment used to run Django is configured to work with non-ASCII
file names. If your environment isn’t configured correctly, you’ll
encounter UnicodeEncodeError exceptions when saving files with file
names that contain non-ASCII characters.
Thus adding this method to the model solved my problem :
class Product(models.Model):
item_category_choices = (
('Make Up','Make Up'),
('Skin Care','Skin Care'),
('Fragrance','Fragrance'),
('Personal Care','Personal Care'),
('Hair Care','Hair Care'),
)
item_name = models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name='Product Name')
item_image = models.ImageField(verbose_name='Product Image')
item_thumb = models.ImageField(verbose_name='Product Thumb')
item_description = models.TextField(verbose_name='Product Descriptions')
item_mass = models.CharField(max_length=10,verbose_name='Product Weight')
item_category = models.CharField(max_length=20, choices = item_category_choices,verbose_name='Product Category')
item_sub_category = models.CharField(max_length=20,verbose_name='Product Sub Category')
item_est_price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=12,decimal_places=2,verbose_name='East Product Price')
item_wst_price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=12,decimal_places=2,verbose_name='West Product Price')
def __unicode__(self):
return (self.item_name)
def image_img(self):
if self.item_image:
return u'<img src="%s" width="50" height="50" />' % self.item_image.url
else:
return '(Sin imagen)'
image_img.short_description = 'Thumb'
image_img.allow_tags = True

Instead of submitting a link to a file "/home/prashant/Desktop/suede.png", you need to actually open the file and submit that instead.
For example, here is a test I have to test image submission:
# generate image and open
tmp_file = Image.new('RGB', (3, 3,), 'white')
tmp_file.putpixel((1, 1,), 0)
tmp_file.save(f.name, format='PNG')
_file = open(f.name, 'rb')
data = {'file': _file}
response = api.client.put(url=url, data=data)

You should open the image and send the request as follows:
with open("/home/prashant/Desktop/suede.png", 'rb') as image:
data = {'item_name': 'Lural',
'item_image': image,
'item_thumb': image,
'item_description': 'sd',
'item_mass': 1,
'item_category': 'Make Up',
'item_sub_category': 'Sub-Feminine',
'item_est_price': '123.12',
'item_wst_price': '120.34'
}
response = api.client.put(url, data, format='multipart')
This should work!