I'm trying to make a two-player game where people take it in turns to make a move. I feel like I have to manually change the master window in order for the two to have the same content and widgets. How do I make things simpler for myself? How do I make switching between the two windows easier?
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
root.title('Game')
def win1():
global board
top2.withdraw()
top1.deiconify()
board=top1
def win2():
top1.withdraw()
top2.deiconify()
board=top2
top1 = Toplevel()
board = top1
top1.title('Player 1')
top1.withdraw()
buttonp1 = Button(top1, text="Switch to Player 2", command=win2)
buttonp1.grid(row=15, column=0, columnspan=10)
top2 = Toplevel()
board = top2
top2.title('Player 2')
top2.withdraw()
buttonp2 = Button(top2,text="Switch to Player 1", command=win1)
buttonp2.grid(row=15, column=0, columnspan=10)
choice = Button(text="Submit Weapons Choices", command=win1)
choice.grid()
#After this button is pressed, win1 is opened, and the switching from window to window begins.
top_array = [top1, top2]
# When generating the board, I would use "for top in top_array", then run a function which generates widgets. I want the board to start off with the exact same layout.
Problems that I run into involve not being able to change text variables later on in the code, because it was generated in a function:
top_array = [top1, top2]
def init(board):
txt = StringVar(board)
txt.set("\nClick anywhere to begin\n")
label = Label(board, textvariable=txt)
label.grid(row = 11, column = 0, columnspan=10)
for top in top_array:
init(top)
I used a class to make both windows start off with the same content, but have different titles, etc. and an array so that I could switch between the two
class Player:
def __init__(self, board, tag, name):
self.board = board
self.tag = tag
self.name = name
p = Player(root,"","")
board1 = Toplevel()
board2 = Toplevel()
gamemode = [Player(board1, "Switch to Player 2", "Player 1"), Player(board2, "Switch to Player 1", "Player 2")]
def switch():
global pnum
pnum +=1
pnum %= 2
gamemode[pnum].board.withdraw()
gamemode[((pnum+1)%2)].board.deiconify()
Related
I'm trying to make it so that new information shows in in a new window, but I want the new window to be connected to the parent window, even when the parent window is clicked the new window should still show up similar to how a dropdown menu works. I'm also planning on having some of the new windows have treeviews later on.
from tkinter import *
win = Tk()
win.geometry("500x500+0+0")
def button_function ():
win2 = Toplevel()
label = Label(win2,text='dropdown', width=7)
label.pack()
win2.geometry(f"+{win.winfo_x()}+{win.winfo_y()+30}")
button = Button(win, command=lambda: button_function (), width=12)
button.pack()
win.mainloop()
Ok so with a little bit of googling I came across this post: tkinter-detecting-a-window-drag-event
In that post they show how you can keep track of when the window has moved.
By taking that code and making some small changes we can use the dragging() and stop_drag() functions to move the top level window back to where it was set to relative to the main window.
That said this will only work in this case. You will need to write something more dynamic to track any new windows you want so they are placed properly and on top of that you will probably want to build this in a class so you do not have to manage global variables.
With a combination of this tracking function and using lift() to bring the window up we get closer to what you are asking to do.
That said you will probably want remove the tool bar at the top of the root window to be more clean. I would also focus on using a dictionary or list to keep track of open and closed windows and their locations to make the dynamic part of this easier.
import tkinter as tk
win = tk.Tk()
win.geometry("500x500+0+0")
win2 = None
drag_id = ''
def dragging(event):
global drag_id
if event.widget is win:
if drag_id == '':
print('start drag')
else:
win.after_cancel(drag_id)
print('dragging')
drag_id = win.after(100, stop_drag)
if win2 is not None:
win2.lift()
win2.geometry(f"+{win.winfo_x()}+{win.winfo_y() + 30}")
def stop_drag():
global drag_id, win2, win
print('stop drag')
drag_id = ''
if win2 is not None:
win2.lift()
win2.geometry(f"+{win.winfo_x()}+{win.winfo_y() + 30}")
win.bind('<Configure>', dragging)
def button_function():
global win2
win2 = tk.Toplevel()
label = tk.Label(win2, text='drop down', width=7)
label.pack()
win2.geometry(f"+{win.winfo_x()}+{win.winfo_y()+30}")
tk.Button(win, command=button_function, width=12).pack()
win.mainloop()
EDIT:
Ok so I took some time to write this up in a class so you could see how it could be done. I have also added some level of dynamic building of the buttons and pop up windows.
We use a combination of lists and lambdas to perform a little bit of tracking and in the end we pull off exactly what you were asking for.
let me know if you have any questions.
import tkinter as tk
class Main(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.geometry('500x500')
self.pop_up_list = []
self.drag_id = ''
self.button_notes = ['Some notes for new window', 'some other notes for new window', 'bacon that is all!']
self.bind('<Configure>', self.dragging)
for ndex, value in enumerate(self.button_notes):
print(ndex)
btn = tk.Button(self, text=f'Button {ndex+1}')
btn.config(command=lambda b=btn, i=ndex: self.toggle_button_pop_ups(i, b))
btn.grid(row=ndex, column=0, padx=5, pady=5)
self.pop_up_list.append([value, 0, None, btn])
def dragging(self, event):
if event.widget is self:
if self.drag_id == '':
pass
else:
self.after_cancel(self.drag_id)
self.drag_id = self.after(100, self.stop_drag)
for p in self.pop_up_list:
if p[1] == 1:
p[2].lift()
p[2].geometry(f"+{p[3].winfo_rootx() + 65}+{p[3].winfo_rooty()}")
def stop_drag(self):
self.drag_id = ''
for p in self.pop_up_list:
if p[1] == 1:
p[2].lift()
p[2].geometry(f"+{p[3].winfo_rootx() + 65}+{p[3].winfo_rooty()}")
def toggle_button_pop_ups(self, ndex, btn):
p = self.pop_up_list
if p[ndex][1] == 0:
p[ndex][1] = 1
p[ndex][2] = tk.Toplevel(self)
p[ndex][2].overrideredirect(1)
tk.Label(p[ndex][2], text=self.pop_up_list[ndex][0]).pack()
p[ndex][2].geometry(f"+{btn.winfo_rootx() + 65}+{btn.winfo_rooty()}")
else:
p[ndex][1] = 0
p[ndex][2].destroy()
p[ndex][2] = None
if __name__ == '__main__':
Main().mainloop()
I'm trying to create a class that allows you to have a MenuBar that can be personalized in windows. It's nothing special since I'm new to coding. I'm trying different ways to change the background of the label behind the cascade buttons but I can only change the buttons ones.
from tkinter import *
TESTING = True
root = Tk()
root.attributes('-fullscreen',True)
class menubar():
"""You can use this to create a menu bar
There are some functions:
ButtonCascadeAdd: Lets you create a cascade button to which you will be able to add more buttons with
AddButtons function
AddButtons: just adds buttons to the cascades. you can chose cascades changing the input number from
0 to 9
Soon will be added color switch and others althought you can already do those things by yourself
since every btns[] object is a tkinter.Menubutton()"""
global labelframe
global contx
global btns
contx = 0
labelframe = LabelFrame(root)
btns = [Menubutton(labelframe) for i in range(10)]
def place(self, width = 300,height = 30,rely=0):
labelframe.place(width=width, height=height, rely=rely)
def ButtonCascadeAdd(self,text = "btns[",tearoff = 0):
"""Adds a cascade button.
You can pass in text to change the button title default is the name of the button in the code
so maybe it will prove useful to leave it like that for develop purpose.
You cant add a command to that from here.
If you need a button with a command and not a cascade look aat the FunctionButtonAdd function"""
global contx
if text == "btns[":
text = text+str(contx)+"]"
if contx == 10:
print("Max number of buttons exceeded the program will be stopped")
exit()
b = btns[contx]
b.config(text = text)
b.pack(side=LEFT)
b.menu = Menu(b, tearoff=tearoff)
b["menu"] = b.menu
labelframe.update()
contx += 1
print(contx)
def maincolor(self,bg = "light green",fg = "black",activebg = "green",activefg = "dark blue"):
global contx
for x in range(contx):
btns[x].config(bg=bg, fg=fg, activebackground=activebg, activeforeground=activefg)
btns[x].menu.config(bg = "black",fg = "white")
labelframe.config(bg=bg)
def doNothing():
print("Doing Nothing ^^")
if TESTING == True:
m = menubar()
m.place(width = 1980,height = 20)
m.ButtonCascadeAdd()
m.ButtonCascadeAdd()
btns[0].menu.add_command(label="test")
#print(dir(btns[0].menu))
m.maincolor()
root.mainloop()
I'm making a game that finding seven right buttons(It has a fixed answer) among 12 buttons by using tkinter. There are a total of 12 buttons, and only if all seven of them are clicked will win the game.
I'm curious about how to make the window to see which button is activated or inactivated, and how to make a function to determine whether one wins or loses. (when seven specific buttons are activated, it wins.)
++
game1=tkinter.Tk()
game1.title("Test")
game1.geometry("600x450")
button1 = Button(game1, text=' 1 ', fg='black', bg='red',
height=3, width=10)
button1.place(x=0,y=300)
button2 = Button(game1, text=' 2 ', fg='black', bg='red',
height=3, width=10)
button2.place(x=100,y=300)
game1.mainloop()
This is the first time using tkinter on python so actually I stopped after writing this really basic code.
The player can choose seven buttons until player itself clicks the "finish" button. (after click that button, player cannot modify anything.)
At first, I thought if I declare "num" and +=1 on that when the right buttons are clicked, but this trial failed because the player can choose whether one activates or inactivates until until player itself clicks the "finish" button. So I thought that this code needs the way to check the final statements of the buttons.
Is there any ways to use something like "if" statements on tkinter? (if players choose right seven buttons, so it is found that they're activated --> then player wins.)
EDIT - I've updated the code:
import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.ttk as ttk
class Application(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
from random import sample
tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
self.title("Buttons")
self.resizable(width=False, height=False)
row_count = 3
column_count = 4
self.winning_buttons_count = 7
assert 0 < self.winning_buttons_count <= row_count * column_count
winning_buttons_numbers = sample(range(0, row_count * column_count), k=self.winning_buttons_count)
self.selected_buttons_count = 0
self.selected_button_color = "gray"
self.correct_button_color = "green"
self.incorrect_button_color = "red"
self.missed_button_color = "orange"
self.default_button_color = tk.Button().cget("bg")
def on_press(button):
color = button.cget("bg")
if color == self.default_button_color and self.selected_buttons_count < self.winning_buttons_count:
button.configure(bg=self.selected_button_color)
button.configure(relief=tk.SUNKEN)
self.selected_buttons_count += 1
elif color == self.selected_button_color:
button.configure(bg=self.default_button_color)
button.configure(relief=tk.RAISED)
self.selected_buttons_count -= 1
def check_win():
selected_winning_count = 0
for button in self.buttons:
is_selected = button.cget("bg") == self.selected_button_color and \
button.cget("relief") == tk.SUNKEN
is_winning = button.number in winning_buttons_numbers
if is_selected:
if is_winning:
button.configure(bg=self.correct_button_color)
selected_winning_count += 1
else:
button.configure(bg=self.incorrect_button_color)
else:
if is_winning:
button.configure(bg=self.missed_button_color)
if selected_winning_count == self.winning_buttons_count:
self.finish_button.configure(text="You won!")
else:
self.finish_button.configure(text="Incorrect.")
self.buttons = []
for row in range(row_count):
for column in range(column_count):
button = tk.Button(self, text=" " * 8)
button.grid(row=row, column=column)
button.number = (row * column_count) + column
button.configure(command=lambda b=button: on_press(b))
self.buttons.append(button)
vertical_line = ttk.Separator(self, orient=tk.VERTICAL)
vertical_line.grid(row=0, column=column_count+1, rowspan=row_count, sticky="ns", padx=(8, 8))
self.finish_button = tk.Button(self, text="Did I win?", command=check_win)
self.finish_button.grid(row=row_count//2, column=column_count+2)
def main():
application = Application()
application.mainloop()
return 0
if __name__ == "__main__":
import sys
sys.exit(main())
I am trying to recreate the boardgame monopoly using python and tkinter. I know how to place a label on a canvas or a frame, but how should I do this command is being run from another function in the class? I tried it using some function within the class Board, but then the error rises that the label, canvas, etc. are not defined as this happens in __init__(self,parent). How can I solve these errors? Or should I take a different approach to this? Hope I made my problem clear.
import tkFileDialog
from random import randint
class Board(Frame):
def __init__(self,parent):
##create the board
frame = Frame(parent)
frame.pack()
Frame.__init__(self,parent)
frame2 = Frame(frame)
frame2.pack()
c=Canvas(frame2,width=480,height=480)
c.pack(expand=YES,fill=BOTH)
c.background=PhotoImage(file='Board.gif')
c.create_image(0,0,image=c.background,anchor='nw')
##Add player 1
player1=PhotoImage(file='plane.gif')
label_player1 = Label(c,image=player1)
label_player1.image=player1
label_player1.place(x=430,y=420)
##Add player 2
player2=PhotoImage(file='car.gif')
label_player2 = Label(c,image=player2)
label_player2.image=player2
label_player2.place(x=430,y=450)
button = Button(frame, text="Next turn", command=self.next_turn)
button.pack()
button = Button(frame, text="Roll the dice", command=self.roll)
button.pack()
def roll(self):
number=randint(2,12)
if b==0:
self.place_player_down()
return number
def place_player_down(self):
for i in range(number+1):
h=int(430-i*30)
while h>=0:
player2=PhotoImage(file='car.gif')
label_player2 = Label(c,image=player2)
label_player2.image=player2
label_player2.place(x=h,y=420)
root = Tk()
board = Board(root)
board.pack()
root.mainloop()
The approach is correct (wrap your Tkinter widgets in a class with the event handler functions as methods), but you forgot to set the widgets as attributes of the class using the reference to self:
class Board(Frame):
def __init__(self,parent):
# ...
self.c = Canvas(frame2,width=480,height=480)
self.c.pack(expand=YES,fill=BOTH)
# ...
def place_player_down(self):
# Use 'self.c', not just 'c'
I think you want to do something similar with the value number, but it that case I would send it as an argument to place_player_down:
def roll(self):
number=randint(2,12)
if b==0:
self.place_player_down(number)
return number # Keep in mind that this value is returned but not used anymore
def place_player_down(self, number):
# Use 'number'
Alrighty I'm trying to implement a GUI for a game of Connect Four by using TKinter. Now I have the grid and everything set up what I'm having trouble with is getting the chip to show up on the board.
Here is my output:
What I'm trying to do is make it so when I click one of the bottom column buttons a chip appears (and since this is connect four it should go from bottom to top)
Here is my code:
from Tkinter import *
from connectfour import *
from minimax import *
from player import *
import tkMessageBox
class ConnectFourGUI:
def DrawGrid(self):
for i in range(0,self.cols+1):
self.c.create_line((i+1)*self.mag,self.mag,\
(i+1)*self.mag,(self.rows+1)*self.mag)
for i in range(0,self.rows+1):
self.c.create_line(self.mag,(i+1)*self.mag,\
self.mag*(1+self.cols),(i+1)*self.mag)
def __init__(self,wdw):
wdw.title("Connect Four")
self.mag = 60
self.rows = 6
self.cols = 7
self.c = Canvas(wdw,\
width=self.mag*self.cols+2*self.mag,\
height = self.mag*self.rows+2*self.mag,\
bg='white')
self.c.grid(row=1,column=1,columnspan=2)
rlabel=Label(root, text="Player1:")
rlabel.grid(row=0,column=0)
self.player1_type=StringVar(root)
options= ["Human", "Random", "Minimax"]
self.player1_type.set(options[2])
self.rowbox=OptionMenu(root, self.player1_type, *options)
self.rowbox.grid(row=0, column=1)
rlabel2=Label(root, text="Player2:")
rlabel2.grid(row=0,column=2)
self.player2_type=StringVar(root)
self.player2_type.set(options[0])
self.rowbox=OptionMenu(root, self.player2_type, *options)
self.rowbox.grid(row=0, column=3)
begin=Button(root, text="Start", command=self.game_start)
begin.grid(row=0, column=4)
self.c.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=7)
play_col=[]
for i in range(self.cols):
play_col.append(Button(root, text= "Col %d" %i, command=lambda col= i: self.human_play(col)))
play_col[i].grid(row=10,column="%d"%i)
## self.DrawCircle(1,1,1)
## self.DrawCircle(2,2,1)
## self.DrawCircle(5,3,2)
self.DrawGrid()
self.brd = ConnectFour()
def game_start(self):
self.board=ConnectFour()
print self.player1_type.get()
print self.player2_type.get()
if self.player1_type.get()=="Random":
self.player1 = RandomPlayer(playernum=1)
if self.player2_type.get()== "Random" or self.player2_type.get() == "Minimax":
tkMessageBox.showinfo("Bad Choice", "You Have to choose At least 1 Human Player")
else:
self.player
elif self.player1_type.get()=="Minimax":
self.player1=MinimaxPlayer(playernum=2, ply_depth=4, utility=SimpleUtility(5,1))
if self.player2_type.get()== "Random" or self.player2_type.get() == "Minimax":
tkMessageBox.showinfo("Bad Choice", "You Have to choose At least 1 Human Player")
elif self.player1_type.get()=="Human":
self.player1=Human(playernum=1)
if self.player2_type.get()=="Human":
self.player2=Human(playernum=2)
elif self.player2_type.get()=="Random":
self.player2=RandomPlayer(playernum=2)
elif self.player2_type.get()=="Minimax":
self.player2=MinimaxPlayer(playernum=2, ply_depth=4, utility=SimpleUitlity(5,1))
#self.currentplayer==1
#self.draw()
def human_play(self, col):
if self.player1_type.get()=="Human" and self.player2_type.get() =="Human":
while True:
self.DrawCircle(row,col,1)
if self.brd.is_game_over() is None:
self.DrawCircle(row,col,2)
if self.brd.is_game_over() is None:
pass
else:
print "Player 2 wins!"
break
else:
print "Player 1 wins!"
break
def DrawCircle(self,row,col,player_num):
if player_num == 1:
fill_color = 'red'
elif player_num == 2:
fill_color = 'black'
#(startx, starty, endx, endy)
self.c.create_oval(col*self.mag,row*self.mag,(col+1)*self.mag,(row+1)*self.mag,fill=fill_color)
root=Tk()
ConnectFourGUI(root)
root.mainloop()
I know I'm supposed to call the DrawCircle function in the Human Play function, I'm just unsure as to how I'm supposed to set it all up. any advice as to how I could go about this would be greatly appreciated!
Your code is depending on a few packages I don't have, so I can't be more specific, but the way I'd go about doing something like this is to track the X and Y coords of the chip works out the the row and column that it'd go into in the widget.
You'll need to create a location object, a tuple maybe, and then a way to translate the location object into a drawable location. Then it's just a matter of incrementing either X or Y and detecting if there's a chip below it.