create new pandas column based on if and else rule - python

I have this dataframe and I want to create column e:
df
a b c d
1 2 1 2
Nan Nan 3 1
Nan Nan Nan 5
4 5 0 2
I want create a new column based on this criteria:
The highest of column a vs column b.
If no value in column a and column b , then look column c
if no value in column c, then look column d.
df
a b c d e
1 2 1 2 2
Nan Nan 3 1 3
Nan Nan Nan 5 5
4 5 0 2 5
my idea just until step number 2.
def e(x):
if x['a'] >= x['b']:
return x['a']
elif x['a'] <= x['b']:
return x['b']
else:
x['c']
df['e'] = df.apply(e, axis=1)

IIUC, use pandas.DataFrame.bfill:
df["e"] = df.bfill(1)[["a", "b"]].max(1)
print(df)
Output:
a b c d e
0 1 2 1 2 2.0
1 NaN NaN 3 1 3.0
2 NaN NaN NaN 5 5.0
3 4 5 0 2 5.0

You can always use np.where()
df['e'] = df['d']
df['e'] = np.where((df['a'].isna()) & (df['b'].isna()) & (df['c'].notnull()), df['c'], df['e'])
df['e'] = np.where((df['a'].notnull()) & (df['b'].notnull()) & (df['a'] > df['b']), df['a'], df['e'])
df['e'] = np.where((df['a'].notnull()) & (df['b'].notnull()) & (df['b'] > df['a']), df['b'], df['e'])
df

First get maximum a, b values and assign to a column, then back filling missing values and select first column for prioritize c and then d columns:
df['e'] = df.assign(a = df[['a','b']].max(axis=1)).bfill(axis=1).iloc[:, 0]
print (df)
a b c d e
0 1.0 2.0 1.0 2 2.0
1 NaN NaN 3.0 1 3.0
2 NaN NaN NaN 5 5.0
3 4.0 5.0 0.0 2 5.0
If want test only a,b,c,d columns and possible some another columns:
df['e'] = df[['a','b']].max(axis=1).fillna(df.c).fillna(df.d)
print (df)
a b c d e
0 1.0 2.0 1.0 2 2.0
1 NaN NaN 3.0 5 3.0
2 NaN NaN NaN 5 5.0
3 4.0 5.0 0.0 2 5.0
If changed second row to 3,5 output is:
df['e'] = df.assign(a = df[['a','b']].max(axis=1)).bfill(axis=1).iloc[:, 0]
print (df)
a b c d e
0 1.0 2.0 1.0 2 2.0
1 NaN NaN 3.0 5 3.0 <- changed d=5
2 NaN NaN NaN 5 5.0
3 4.0 5.0 0.0 2 5.0

Related

Python Dataframe Duplicated Columns while Merging multple times

I have a main dataframe and a sub dataframe. I want to merge each column in sub dataframe into main dataframe with main dataframe column as a reference. I have successfully arrived at my desired answer, except that I see duplicated columns of the main dataframe. Below are the my expected and present answers.
Present solution:
df = pd.DataFrame({'Ref':[1,2,3,4]})
df1 = pd.DataFrame({'A':[2,3],'Z':[1,2]})
df = [df.merge(df1[col_name],left_on='Ref',right_on=col_name,how='left') for col_name in df1.columns]
df = pd.concat(df,axis=1)
df =
Ref A Ref Z
0 1 NaN 1 1.0
1 2 2.0 2 2.0
2 3 3.0 3 NaN
3 4 NaN 4 NaN
Expected Answer:
df =
Ref A Z
0 1 NaN 1.0
1 2 2.0 2.0
2 3 3.0 NaN
3 4 NaN NaN
Update
Use duplicated:
>>> df.loc[:, ~df.columns.duplicated()]
Ref A Z
0 1 NaN 1.0
1 2 2.0 2.0
2 3 3.0 NaN
3 4 NaN NaN
Old answer
You can use:
# Your code
...
df = pd.concat(df, axis=1)
# Use pop and insert to cleanup your dataframe
df.insert(0, 'Ref', df.pop('Ref').iloc[:, 0])
Output:
>>> df
Ref A Z
0 1 NaN 1.0
1 2 2.0 2.0
2 3 3.0 NaN
3 4 NaN NaN
What about setting 'Ref' col as index while getting dataframe list. (And resetting index such that you get back Ref as a column)
df = pd.DataFrame({'Ref':[1,2,3,4]})
df1 = pd.DataFrame({'A':[2,3],'Z':[1,2]})
df = [df.merge(df1[col_name],left_on='Ref',right_on=col_name,how='left').set_index('Ref') for col_name in df1.columns]
df = pd.concat(df,axis=1)
df = df.reset_index()
Ref A Z
1 NaN 1.0
2 2.0 2.0
3 3.0 NaN
4 NaN NaN
This is a reduction process. Instead of the list comprehension use for - loop, or even reduce:
from functools import reduce
reduce(lambda x, y : x.merge(df1[y],left_on='Ref',right_on=y,how='left'), df1.columns, df)
Ref A Z
0 1 NaN 1.0
1 2 2.0 2.0
2 3 3.0 NaN
3 4 NaN NaN
The above is similar to:
for y in df1.columns:
df = df.merge(df1[y],left_on='Ref',right_on=y,how='left')
df
Ref A Z
0 1 NaN 1.0
1 2 2.0 2.0
2 3 3.0 NaN
3 4 NaN NaN

Compare two pandas dataframes and replace value based on condition

I have the following two pandas dataframes:
df1
A B C
0 1 2 1
1 7 3 6
2 3 10 11
df2
A B C
0 2 0 2
1 8 4 7
Where A,B and C are column headings of both dataframes.
I am trying to compare columns of df1 to columns of df2 such that the first row in df2 is the lower bound and the second row is the upper bound. Any values in df1 outside the lower and upper bound (column wise) needs to be replaced with NaN.
So in this example the output should be:
A B C
0 nan 2 nan
1 7 3 6
2 3 nan nan
As a basic I am trying df1[df1 < df2] = np.nan, but this does not work. I have also tried .where() but not getting any success.
Would appreciate some help here, thanks.
IIUC
df=df1.where(df1.ge(df2.iloc[0])&df1.lt(df2.iloc[1]))
A B C
0 NaN 2.0 NaN
1 7.0 3.0 6.0
2 3.0 NaN NaN
You could do something like:
lower = df1 < df2.iloc[0, :]
upper = df1 > df2.iloc[1, :]
df1[lower | upper] = np.nan
print(df1)
Output
A B C
0 NaN 2.0 NaN
1 7.0 3.0 6.0
2 3.0 NaN NaN
Here is one with df.clip and mask:
df1.mask(df1.ne(df1.clip(lower = df2.loc[0],upper = df1.loc[1],axis=1)))
A B C
0 NaN 2.0 NaN
1 7.0 3.0 6.0
2 3.0 NaN NaN
A slightly different approach using between,
df1.apply(lambda x:x.where(x.between(*df2.values, False)), axis=1)

Perform arithmetic operations on null values

When i am trying to do arithmetic operation including two or more columns facing problem with null values.
One more thing which i want to mention here that i don't want to fill missed/null values.
Actually i want something like 1 + np.nan = 1 but it is giving np.nan. I tried to solve it by np.nansum but it didn't work.
df = pd.DataFrame({"a":[1,2,3,4],"b":[1,2,np.nan,np.nan]})
df
Out[6]:
a b c
0 1 1.0 2.0
1 2 2.0 4.0
2 3 NaN NaN
3 4 NaN NaN
And,
df["d"] = np.nansum([df.a + df.b])
df
Out[13]:
a b d
0 1 1.0 6.0
1 2 2.0 6.0
2 3 NaN 6.0
3 4 NaN 6.0
But i want actually like,
df
Out[10]:
a b c
0 1 1.0 2.0
1 2 2.0 4.0
2 3 NaN 3.0
3 4 NaN 4.0
The np.nansum here calculated the sum, of the entire column. You do not want that, you probably want to call the np.nansum on the two columns, like:
df['d'] = np.nansum((df.a, df.b), axis=0)
This then yield the expected:
>>> df
a b d
0 1 1.0 2.0
1 2 2.0 4.0
2 3 NaN 3.0
3 4 NaN 4.0
Simply use DataFrame.sum over axis=1:
df['c'] = df.sum(axis=1)
Output
a b c
0 1 1.0 2.0
1 2 2.0 4.0
2 3 NaN 3.0
3 4 NaN 4.0

Pandas: Reshape two columns into one row

I want to reshape a pandas DataFrame from two columns into one row:
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
df_a = pd.DataFrame({ 'Type': ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E'], 'Values':[2,4,7,9,3]})
df_a
Type Values
0 A 2
1 B 4
2 C 7
3 D 9
4 E 3
df_b = df_a.pivot(columns='Type', values='Values')
df_b
Which gives me this:
Type A B C D E
0 2.0 NaN NaN NaN NaN
1 NaN 4.0 NaN NaN NaN
2 NaN NaN 7.0 NaN NaN
3 NaN NaN NaN 9.0 NaN
4 NaN NaN NaN NaN 3.0
When I want it condensed into a single row like this:
Type A B C D E
0 2.0 4.0 7.0 9.0 3.0
I believe you dont need pivot, better is DataFrame constructor only:
df_b = pd.DataFrame([df_a['Values'].values], columns=df_a['Type'].values)
print (df_b)
A B C D E
0 2 4 7 9 3
Or set_index with transpose by T:
df_b = df_a.set_index('Type').T.rename({'Values':0})
print (df_b)
Type A B C D E
0 2 4 7 9 3
Another way:
df_a['col'] = 0
df_a.set_index(['col','Type'])['Values'].unstack().reset_index().drop('col', axis=1)
Type A B C D E
0 2 4 7 9 3
We can fix your df_b
df_b.ffill().iloc[[-1],:]
Out[360]:
Type A B C D E
4 2.0 4.0 7.0 9.0 3.0
Or we do
df_a.assign(key=[0]*len(df_a)).pivot(columns='Type', values='Values',index='key')
Out[366]:
Type A B C D E
key
0 2 4 7 9 3

Pandas: concatenate and reindex dataframes

I would like to combine two pandas dataframes into a new third dataframe using a new index. Suppose I start with the following:
df = pd.DataFrame(np.ones(25).reshape((5,5)),index = ['A','B','C','D','E'])
df1 = pd.DataFrame(np.ones(25).reshape((5,5))*2,index = ['A','B','C','D','E'])
df[2] = np.nan
df1[3] = np.nan
df[4] = np.nan
df1[4] = np.nan
I would like the least convoluted way to achieve the following result:
NewIndex OldIndex df df1
1 A 1 2
2 B 1 2
3 C 1 2
4 D 1 2
5 E 1 2
6 A 1 2
7 B 1 2
8 C 1 2
9 D 1 2
10 E 1 2
11 A NaN 2
12 B NaN 2
13 C NaN 2
14 D NaN 2
15 E NaN 2
16 A 1 NaN
17 B 1 NaN
18 C 1 NaN
19 D 1 NaN
20 E 1 NaN
What's the best way to do this?
You have to unstack your dataframes and then reindex concatenated dataframe.
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
# test data
df = pd.DataFrame(np.ones(25).reshape((5,5)),index = ['A','B','C','D','E'])
df1 = pd.DataFrame(np.ones(25).reshape((5,5))*2,index = ['A','B','C','D','E'])
df[2] = np.nan
df1[3] = np.nan
df[4] = np.nan
df1[4] = np.nan
# unstack tables and concat
newdf = pd.concat([df.unstack(),df1.unstack()], axis=1)
# reset multiindex for level 1
newdf.reset_index(1, inplace=True)
# rename columns
newdf.columns = ['OldIndex','df','df1']
# drop old index
newdf = newdf.reset_index().drop('index',1)
# set index from 1
newdf.index = np.arange(1, len(newdf) + 1)
# rename new index
newdf.index.name='NewIndex'
print(newdf)
Output:
OldIndex df df1
NewIndex
1 A 1.0 2.0
2 B 1.0 2.0
3 C 1.0 2.0
4 D 1.0 2.0
5 E 1.0 2.0
6 A 1.0 2.0
7 B 1.0 2.0
8 C 1.0 2.0
9 D 1.0 2.0
10 E 1.0 2.0
11 A NaN 2.0
12 B NaN 2.0
13 C NaN 2.0
14 D NaN 2.0
15 E NaN 2.0
16 A 1.0 NaN
17 B 1.0 NaN
18 C 1.0 NaN
19 D 1.0 NaN
20 E 1.0 NaN
21 A NaN NaN
22 B NaN NaN
23 C NaN NaN
24 D NaN NaN
25 E NaN NaN

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