Hex String to Image File from varbinary(max) - python
I have a table in a database which stores image files in varbinary(max) type. I would like to extract, convert and save the image file. Then, I used the cast as varcharmax to extract:
cast([IMG_FILE] as varchar(max))
The result of this cast looks like a hex string (I've removed part of string to protect the privacy of the person):
\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
I tried to used this hex string in a online tool (https://codepen.io/abdhass/full/jdRNdj), and the image is corrected displayed (remembering that I've cutted part of string to preserve the persons privacy):
Then, I've tried to take this hex string and tried to convert to a image file using python3. I've been trying a lot of things (the majority found here), but until now, I coudn't save the correct file.
Saving directly doesn't generate the image.
with open(photo_path + 'file.jpg', 'wb') as new_jpg:
new_jpg.write(hexString)
Using binascii.unhexlify returns "Non-hexadecimal digit found"
binascii.unhexlify(hexString)
Converting to int/bin returns invalid literal for int() with base 16:
bin(int(hexString, 16))[2:]
I would like to know how to solve this problem? That is, I would like to take this hex string and save a image file in my computer.
If I have string without \x then I can convert every two chars to integer value, create bytearray and save it
text = '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'
integers = []
while text:
value = int(text[:2], 16)
integers.append(value)
text = text[2:]
data = bytearray(integers)
with open('output.jpg', 'wb') as fh:
print(fh.write(data))
If I have string with \x then first \xff is treated as char's code so I have to use ord() to convert it integer.
text = '\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'
integers = []
value = ord(text[0])
integers.append(value)
text = text[1:]
while text:
value = int(text[:2], 16)
integers.append(value)
text = text[2:]
data = bytearray(integers)
with open('output.jpg', 'wb') as fh:
print(fh.write(data))
Because string in your question is incomplete so it creates incomplete image.
But with data from link it create correct JPG file.
EDIT:
It seems you have raw string and \x is treated as normal string, not part of byte \xff - and you have to remove \x at start using using text = text[2:]
text = r'\xffd8ff...'
integers = []
text = text[2:]
while text:
value = int(text[:2], 16)
integers.append(value)
text = text[2:]
data = bytearray(integers)
with open('output.jpg', 'wb') as fh:
print(fh.write(data))
EDIT:
Simpler version with standard module codecs. It still need to remove \x from string.
If you have bytes:
text = b'\\xffd8ff...' # bytes
import codecs
text = text[2:] # remove `\x`
data = codecs.decode(text, 'hex_codec')
with open('output.jpg', 'wb') as fh:
fh.write(data)
If you have string - then you have to first encode() to bytes:
text = '\\xffd8ff...' # string
import codecs
text = text.encode() # bytes
text = text[2:] # remove `\x`
data = codecs.decode(text, 'hex_codec')
with open('output-1.jpg', 'wb') as fh:
fh.write(data)
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The beginning of data is a hint that you actually have a list of the bytes values of the PDF file: it starts with the byte values of '%PDF-1.4'. So you must first extract that curious string: data = json_data[1]['data'] to have: "37,80,68,70,45,49,46,52,10,37,-45,-21,-23,-31,10,49,32,48,32,111,98,106,10,60,60,47,84,105,116,108,101,32,40,49,49,32,67,83,45,73,73,32,32,83,117,98,106,101,99,116,105,118,101,32,81,46, ..." convert it to a list of int first, then a byte string (i if i >=0 else i+256 ensure positive values...): intlist = [int(i) for i in data.split(",")] b = bytes(i if i >=0 else i+256 for i in intlist) to get b'%PDF-1.4\n%\xd3\xeb\xe9\xe1\n1 0 obj\n<</Title (11 CS-II Subjective Q...' And finaly save that to a file: with open('file.pdf', 'wb') as fd: fd.write(b)
How can combine few base64 audio chunks (from microphone)
I get base64 chunks from microphone. I need to concatenate them and send to Google API as one base64 string for speech recognition. Roughly speaking, in the first chunk the word Hello is encoded, and in the second world!. I need to glue two chunks, send them to google api of one line and receive Hello world! in response You can see Google Speech-to-Text as example. Google also sends data from the microphone in base64 string using websockets (see Network). Unfortunately, I don't have a microphone at hand - I can't check it. And we must do it now. Suppose I get chunk1 = "TgvsdUvK ...." chunk2 = "UZZxgh5V ...." Do I understand correctly that it will be enough just base64.b64encode (chunk1 + chunk2)) Or do you need to know something else? Unfortunately, everything depends on the lack of a microphone (
Your example of encoding chunk1 + chunk2 wouldn't work, since base64 strings have padding at the end. If you just concatenated two base64 strings together, they couldn't be decoded. For example, the strings StringA and StringB, when their ascii or utf-8 representations are encoded in base64, are the following: U3RyaW5nQQ== and U3RyaW5nQg==. Each one of those can be decoded fine. But, if you concatenated them, your result would be U3RyaW5nQQ==U3RyaW5nQg==, which is invalid: concatenated_b64_strings = 'U3RyaW5nQQ==U3RyaW5nQg==' concatenated_b64_strings_bytes = concatenated_b64_strings.encode('ascii') decoded_strings = base64.b64decode(concatenated_b64_strings_bytes) print(decoded_strings.decode('ascii')) # just outputs 'StringA', which is incorrect So, in order to take those two strings (which I'm using as an example in place of binary data) and concatenate them together, starting with only their base64 representations, you have to decode them: import base64 string1_base64 = 'U3RyaW5nQQ==' string2_base64 = 'U3RyaW5nQg==' # need to convert the strings to bytes first in order to decode them base64_string1_bytes = string1_base64.encode('ascii') base64_string2_bytes = string2_base64.encode('ascii') # now, decode them into the actual bytes the base64 represents base64_string1_bytes_decoded = base64.decodebytes(base64_string1_bytes) base64_string2_bytes_decoded = base64.decodebytes(base64_string2_bytes) # combine the bytes together combined_bytes = base64_string1_bytes_decoded + base64_string2_bytes_decoded # now, encode these bytes as base64 combined_bytes_base64 = base64.encodebytes(combined_bytes) # finally, decode these bytes so you're left with a base64 string: combined_bytes_base64_string = combined_bytes_base64.decode('ascii') print(combined_bytes_base64_string) # output: U3RyaW5nQVN0cmluZ0I= # let's prove that it concatenated successfully (you wouldn't do this in your actual code) base64_combinedstring_bytes = combined_bytes_base64_string.encode('ascii') base64_combinedstring_bytes_decoded_bytes = base64.decodebytes(base64_combinedstring_bytes) base64_combinedstring_bytes_decoded_string = base64_combinedstring_bytes_decoded_bytes.decode('ascii') print(base64_combinedstring_bytes_decoded_string) # output: StringAStringB In your case, you'd be combining more than just two input base64 strings, but the process is the same. Take all the strings, encode each one to ascii bytes, decode them via base64.decodebytes(), and then add them all together via the += operator: import base64 input_strings = ['U3RyaW5nQQ==', 'U3RyaW5nQg=='] input_strings_bytes = [input_string.encode('ascii') for input_string in input_strings] input_strings_bytes_decoded = [base64.decodebytes(input_string_bytes) for input_string_bytes in input_strings_bytes] combined_bytes = bytes() for decoded in input_strings_bytes_decoded: combined_bytes += decoded combined_bytes_base64 = base64.encodebytes(combined_bytes) combined_bytes_base64_string = combined_bytes_base64.decode('ascii') print(combined_bytes_base64_string) # output: U3RyaW5nQVN0cmluZ0I=
Encoding a file with ord function
I'm trying to encode a file and output the encode into a new file, but I got this error: TypeError: ord() expected string of length 1, but int found My code: from sys import argv, exit def encode(data): encoded = '' while data: current = data[0] count = 1 for i in data[1:]: if i == current: count += 1 else: break if count == 255: break encoded += '{}{}'.format(chr(ord(current) & 255), chr(count & 255)) #error occurs here. data = data[count:] return encoded if __name__ == '__main__': if len(argv) < 2: print('Please specify input file!') exit(0) with open(argv[1], 'rb') as (f): data = f.read() with open(argv[1] + '.out', 'wb') as (f): f.write(encode(data)) Additional question: How do I decode the encoded file?
You are reading bytes (open(..., 'rb')), so when you take one element of the byte string, you get a byte, ie. a number. This number already is the character code, so just leave out the ord. Alternatively, you could open the file without the b modifier (open(..., 'r')), which will return a string; I would advise to keep it as a byte string though (or you could run into encoding issues if you are parsing something non-ascii). You will run into a similar problem saving your file: you cannot write a string into a file opened with the b modifier. Since you have characters outside the ascii range (>128), writing as a string is not a good idea, since python will try to encode your characters (eg. in UTF-8), and you will end up with completely different bytes. Therefore, the best solution probably is not to concat your data to a string in your loop (the part where you do '{}{}'.format(...), but to have a list (encoded = [], concat with encoded.append(current)) and convert that to a byte string using bytes(encoded) after your loop. You can then pass that to write without a problem. As for how to decode your file, you can just open the file like you do for encoding, read two bytes b1 and b2, and append [b1]*b2 to your output (again, as a list), and convert that to a byte string with bytes().
Python Hex values in ascii encoded string
I have a problem in python reading a string from a .txt file File contains these data : \xce\x97 Encoded in ascii (Similar to "\xce\x97" using a python string) I want to convert it to UTF-8 encoding file.open("file.txt", "r") a = file.read() #a = "\\xce\\x97" file.close() The correct value of this string is : "Η" (Its a greek letter, capital "η") Ι can use >>>a = b'\xce\x97' >>>print(a.decode("utf-8")) >>>Η How can I do it using the varriable a?
For decoding problems: a = "\\xce\\x97" print(a.encode().decode('unicode-escape').encode("latin-1").decode('utf-8')) 'Η'
How do I get this to encode properly?
I have a XML file with Russian text: <p>все чашки имеют стандартный посадочный диаметр - 22,2 мм</p> I use xml.etree.ElementTree to do manipulate it in various ways (without ever touching the text content). Then, I use ElementTree.tostring: info["table"] = ET.tostring(table, encoding="utf8") #table is an Element Then I do some other stuff with this string, and finally write it to a file f = open(newname, "w") output = page_template.format(**info) f.write(output) f.close() I wind up with this in my file: <p>\xd0\xb2\xd1\x81\xd0\xb5 \xd1\x87\xd0\xb0\xd1\x88\xd0\xba\xd0\xb8 \xd0\xb8\xd0\xbc\xd0\xb5\xd1\x8e\xd1\x82 \xd1\x81\xd1\x82\xd0\xb0\xd0\xbd\xd0\xb4\xd0\xb0\xd1\x80\xd1\x82\xd0\xbd\xd1\x8b\xd0\xb9 \xd0\xbf\xd0\xbe\xd1\x81\xd0\xb0\xd0\xb4\xd0\xbe\xd1\x87\xd0\xbd\xd1\x8b\xd0\xb9 \xd0\xb4\xd0\xb8\xd0\xb0\xd0\xbc\xd0\xb5\xd1\x82\xd1\x80 - 22,2 \xd0\xbc\xd0\xbc</p> How do I get it encoded properly?
You use info["table"] = ET.tostring(table, encoding="utf8") which returns bytes. Then later you apply that to a format string, which is a str (unicode), if you do that you'll end up with a representation of the bytes object. etree can return an unicode object instead if you use: info["table"] = ET.tostring(table, encoding="unicode")
The problem is that ElementTree.tostring returns a binary object and not an actual string. The answer to this is: info["table"] = ET.tostring(table, encoding="utf8").decode("utf8")
Try this - with output parameter being just the Russian string without utf-8 encoding. import codecs #output=u'все чашки имеют стандартный посадочный диаметр' with codecs.open(newname, "w", "utf-16") as stream: #or utf-8 stream.write(output + u"\n")