Develop Reference

e-mail automation using python

I use an automation of sending e-mails using python, the problem is that sometimes the code works and sometimes it doesn't.
In the code python basically takes my contacts from the txt and then my e-mail message in another txt and sends the message from my txt of messages to the contacts stored in my contact.txt.
When the problem is most of the time when I update mycontacts.txt and the error that appears is:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "c:/emailbot/botmessav1.py", line 70, in <module>
main()
File "c:/emailbot/botmessav1.py", line 36, in main
names, emails = get_contacts('mycontacts.txt') # read contacts
File "c:/emailbot/botmessav1.py", line 21, in get_contacts
names.append(a_contact.split()[0])
IndexError: list index out of range ```
The following is an example of the contact list, mycontacts.txt:
marina marinam#gmail.com
luis luis#gmail.com
carlos carlos#gmail.com
marcelo marcelom#gmail.com
And this is the code I'm using:
import smtplib
from string import Template
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
MY_ADDRESS = 'e-mail'
PASSWORD = 'password'
def get_contacts(mycontacts):
"""
Return two lists names, emails containing names and email addresses
read from a file specified by filename.
"""
names = []
emails = []
with open(mycontacts, mode='r', encoding='utf-8') as contacts_file:
for a_contact in contacts_file:
names.append(a_contact.split()[0])
emails.append(a_contact.split()[1])
return names, emails
def read_template(message):
"""
Returns a Template object comprising the contents of the
file specified by filename.
"""
with open(message, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as template_file:
template_file_content = template_file.read()
return Template(template_file_content)
def main():
names, emails = get_contacts('mycontacts.txt') # read contacts
message_template = read_template('message.txt')
# set up the SMTP server
s = smtplib.SMTP(host='smtp.gmail.com', port=587)
s.starttls()
s.login(MY_ADDRESS, PASSWORD)
# For each contact, send the email:
for name, email in zip(names, emails):
msg = MIMEMultipart() # create a message
# add in the actual person name to the message template
message = message_template.substitute(PERSON_NAME=name.title())
# Prints out the message body for our sake
print(message)
# setup the parameters of the message
msg['From']=MY_ADDRESS
msg['To']=email
msg['Subject']="Subject"
# add in the message body
msg.attach(MIMEText(message, 'plain'))
# send the message via the server set up earlier.
s.send_message(msg)
del msg
# Terminate the SMTP session and close the connection
s.quit()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

You should not have any empty lines in contacts.txt file
marina marinam#gmail.com
luis luis#gmail.com
carlos carlos#gmail.com
marcelo marcelom#gmail.com

Why is my code opening another file and handling error exceptions?

I am trying to run a file (asana_get_user.py) in C:\Users\WilsonNg\Documents\Internship via python.
However, when I run it, I get an attribute error:
error message
However, there is another exception error happening after this code is finished for some reason:
exception error
So it opened another file (email.py) within the same folder and created an exception error.
Any idea on why it referenced my email.py file?
asana_get_user.py
import asana
# replace with your personal access token.
personal_access_token = '0/2c...'
# Construct an Asana client
client = asana.Client.access_token(personal_access_token)
# Set things up to send the name of this script to us to show that you succeeded! This is optional.
client.options['client_name'] = "hello_world_python"
# Get your user info
me = client.users.me()
# Print out your information
print ("Hello world! " + "My name is " + me['name'] + " and I my primary Asana workspace is " + me['workspaces'][0]['name'] + ".")
email.py
def create_message(sender, to, subject, message_text):
"""Create a message for an email.
Args:
sender: Email address of the sender.
to: Email address of the receiver.
subject: The subject of the email message.
message_text: The text of the email message.
Returns:
An object containing a base64url encoded email object.
"""
message = MIMEText(message_text)
message['to'] = to
message['from'] = sender
message['subject'] = subject
return {'raw': base64.urlsafe_b64encode(message.as_string())}
def send_message(service, user_id, message):
"""Send an email message.
Args:
service: Authorized Gmail API service instance.
user_id: User's email address. The special value "me"
can be used to indicate the authenticated user.
message: Message to be sent.
Returns:
Sent Message.
"""
try:
message = (service.users().messages().send(userId=user_id, body=message)
.execute())
print ('Message Id: %s' % message['id'])
return message
except (errors.HttpError, error):
print ('An error occurred: %s' % error)
subject = "This is a test subject"
message = "This is a test content"
sent_to = "test#test.com"
sender = "test#test.com"
sending_msg = create_message(sender,sent_to,subject,message)
send_message()

Please put a check in email.py as if __name__ == '__main__': before subject = "This is a test subject".
email.py is being run as the import asana is called.
if __name__ == '__main__':
subject = "This is a test subject"
message = "This is a test content"
sent_to = "test#test.com"
sender = "test#test.com"
sending_msg = create_message(sender,sent_to,subject,message)
send_message()
Read about it here.

How to send email via python to several recipients with contacts on text file

When I write the script below I get the error IndexError: list index out of range:
import smtplib
from string import Template
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
MY_ADDRESS = 'joaosoundcloudpython#gmail.com'
PASSWORD = 'XXXX'
def get_contacts(test1):
"""
Return two lists names, emails containing names and email addresses
read from a file specified by filename.
"""
names = []
emails = []
with open('/Users/joaopimenta/Documents/joaoPython/soundcloud_email.txt', mode='r', encoding='utf-8') as contacts_file:
for a_contact in contacts_file:
names.append(a_contact.split()[0])
emails.append(a_contact.split()[100])
return names, emails
def read_template():
"""
Returns a Template object comprising the contents of the
file specified by filename.
"""
with open(soundcloud_email_message.txt, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as template_file:
template_file_content = template_file.read()
return Template(template_file_content)
def main():
names, emails = get_contacts('/Users/joaopimenta/Documents/joaoPython/soundcloud_email.rtf') # read contacts
message_template = read_template('/Users/joaopimenta/Documents/joaoPython/soundcloud_email_message.txt')
# set up the SMTP server
s = smtplib.SMTP(host='smtp.gmail.com', port=587)
s.starttls()
s.login(joaosoundcloudpython#gmail.com, XXXX)
# For each contact, send the email:
for name, email in zip(names, emails):
msg = MIMEMultipart() # create a message
# add in the actual person name to the message template
message = message_template.substitute(PERSON_NAME=name.title())
# Prints out the message body for our sake
print(message)
# setup the parameters of the message
msg['From']=MY_ADDRESS
msg['To']=email
msg['Subject']="This is TEST"
# add in the message body
msg.attach(MIMEText(message, 'plain'))
# send the message via the server set up earlier.
s.send_message(msg)
del msg
# Terminate the SMTP session and close the connection
s.quit()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

How do I send HTML Formatted emails, through the gmail-api for python

Using the sample code from the GMail API Example: Send Mail, and after following rules for authentication, it's simple enough to send a programmatically generated email, via a gmail account. What isn't obvious from the example is how to set that email to be HTML formatted.
The Question
How do I get HTML formatting in my gmail-api send messages, using python?
I have this...
message_body = "Hello!\nYou've just received a test message!\n\nSincerely,\n-Test Message Generator\n"
and I want it to be this...
Hello!
You've just received a test message!
Sincerely,
-Test Message Generator
Example Source Code from GMail-API
Below is a slightly modified version of the example, but still works:
import argparse
import base64
from pprint import pformat
from pprint import pprint
import httplib2
import os
from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.MIMEText import MIMEText
from apiclient import discovery
from oauth2client import client
from oauth2client import tools
from oauth2client.file import Storage
SCOPES = 'https://mail.google.com/'
CLIENT_SECRET_FILE = 'client_secret.json'
APPLICATION_NAME = 'Test EMail App'
def get_credentials():
"""Gets valid user credentials from storage.
If nothing has been stored, or if the stored credentials are invalid,
the OAuth2 flow is completed to obtain the new credentials.
Returns:
Credentials, the obtained credential.
"""
home_dir = os.path.expanduser('~')
credential_dir = os.path.join(home_dir, '.credentials')
if not os.path.exists(credential_dir):
os.makedirs(credential_dir)
credential_path = os.path.join(credential_dir,
'gmail-python-quickstart.json')
store = Storage(credential_path)
credentials = store.get()
if not credentials or credentials.invalid:
flow = client.flow_from_clientsecrets(CLIENT_SECRET_FILE, SCOPES)
flow.user_agent = APPLICATION_NAME
if flags:
credentials = tools.run_flow(flow, store, flags)
else: # Needed only for compatibility with Python 2.6
credentials = tools.run(flow, store)
print('Storing credentials to ' + credential_path)
return credentials
def create_message(sender, to, cc, subject, message_text):
"""Create a message for an email.
Args:
sender: Email address of the sender.
to: Email address of the receiver.
subject: The subject of the email message.
message_text: The text of the email message.
Returns:
An object containing a base64url encoded email object.
"""
print(sender + ', ' + to + ', ' + subject + ', ' + message_text)
message = MIMEText(message_text)
message['to'] = to
message['from'] = sender
message['subject'] = subject
message['cc'] = cc
pprint(message)
return {'raw': base64.urlsafe_b64encode(message.as_string())}
def send_message(service, user_id, message_in):
"""Send an email message.
Args:
service: Authorized Gmail API service instance.
user_id: User's email address. The special value "me"
can be used to indicate the authenticated user.
message: Message to be sent.
Returns:
Sent Message.
"""
pprint(message_in)
try:
message = (service.users().messages().send(userId=user_id, body=message_in).execute())
pprint(message)
print ('Message Id: %s' % message['id'])
return message
except errors.HttpError, error:
print ('An error occurred: %s' % error)
def main(cli):
"""Shows basic usage of the Gmail API.
Creates a Gmail API service object and outputs a list of label names
of the user's Gmail account.
"""
credentials = get_credentials()
http = credentials.authorize(httplib2.Http())
service = discovery.build('gmail', 'v1', http=http)
email_msg = create_message(cli.addr_from, cli.addr_to, cli.addr_cc, cli.subject, cli.message)
msg_out = service.users().messages().send(userId = 'me', body = email_msg).execute()
pprint(msg_out)
if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('-m', '--message', help = 'The message to send in the email', default='<MESSAGE = unfinished>')
parser.add_argument('-t', '--addr_to', help = 'the list of comma separated emails to send', default='cbsd.tools#gmail.com')
parser.add_argument('-s', '--subject', help = 'the email subject', default='<SUBJECT = undefined>')
parser.add_argument('-c', '--addr_cc', help = 'email CC\'s', default='')
parser.add_argument('-f', '--addr_from', help = 'Email address to send from', default='cbsd.tools#gmail.com')
cli = parser.parse_args()
pprint(dir(cli))
main(cli)
Tried as I might, with this code, and variations on it, I could not get html formatted code, nor could I get simple escape characters to create carriage returns where they needed to be.
Here's what didn't work
Trying the following didn't work either:
modifying line 69 to add additional message dictionary parameters... ie.
{'raw': base64.urlsafe_b64encode(message.as_string()), 'payload': {'mimeType': 'text/html'}}
As documented here in the GMail API Docs
Adding a variety of escaped backslashes into the message text:
\n... ie: \\n nor \\\n and just rendered as those exact characters
Adding <br> </br> <br/> did not add new lines and just rendered as those exact characters
Adding \r did not add new lines and just rendered as that exact character
Reasons this is not a duplicate question
This SO link deals with multipart/signed messages
I am uninterested in multipart messaging because it is an inelegant solution. I want the WHOLE message to be HTML.
Additionally, this link has no accepted answer, and the one answer present is a non-answer as it simply states that they are sending a problem statement to Google.
This one deals with c#, which I am not interested in since I'm writing in python
This one also uses SMTP which I'm not interested in
This one is for Rails

After doing a lot of digging around, I started looking in to the python side of the message handling, and noticed that a python object is actually constructing the message to be sent for base64 encoding into the gmail-api message object constructor.
See line 63 from above: message = MIMEText(message_text)
The one trick that finally worked for me, after all the attempts to modify the header values and payload dict (which is a member of the message object), was to set (line 63):
message = MIMEText(message_text, 'html') <-- add the 'html' as the second parameter of the MIMEText object constructor
The default code supplied by Google for their gmail API only tells you how to send plain text emails, but they hide how they're doing that.
ala...
message = MIMEText(message_text)
I had to look up the python class email.mime.text.MIMEText object.
That's where you'll see this definition of the constructor for the MIMEText object:
class email.mime.text.MIMEText(_text[, _subtype[, _charset]])
We want to explicitly pass it a value to the _subtype. In this case, we want to pass: 'html' as the _subtype.
Now, you won't have anymore unexpected word wrapping applied to your messages by Google, or the Python mime.text.MIMEText object
The Fixed Code
def create_message(sender, to, cc, subject, message_text):
"""Create a message for an email.
Args:
sender: Email address of the sender.
to: Email address of the receiver.
subject: The subject of the email message.
message_text: The text of the email message.
Returns:
An object containing a base64url encoded email object.
"""
print(sender + ', ' + to + ', ' + subject + ', ' + message_text)
message = MIMEText(message_text,'html')
message['to'] = to
message['from'] = sender
message['subject'] = subject
message['cc'] = cc
pprint(message)
return {'raw': base64.urlsafe_b64encode(message.as_string())}

Try this:
def CreateMessage(emailSubject, emailTo, emailFrom, message_body, emailCc, html_content=None):
try:
message = MIMEMultipart('alternative')
message['to'] = emailTo
message['from'] = emailFrom
message['subject'] = emailSubject
message['Cc'] = emailCc
body_mime = MIMEText(message_body, 'plain')
message.attach(body_mime)
if html_content:
html_mime = MIMEText(html_content, 'html')
message.attach(html_mime)
return {
'raw': base64.urlsafe_b64encode(
bytes(
message.as_string(),
"utf-8")).decode("utf-8")}
except Exception as e:
print('Error in CreateMessage()', e)
return '400'

The accepted answer works, but in my journey down this rabbit hole, I found the right place to put the payload from the original question, so here's a full example. I'm using a service account with domain-wide delegation:
import base64
from googleapiclient.discovery import build
from google.oauth2 import service_account
from email.message import EmailMessage
SCOPES = ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.send']
CREDS = service_account.Credentials.from_service_account_file(
serviceAcct, scopes=SCOPES, subject=senderEmail)
with build('gmail', 'v1', credentials=CREDS) as service:
msg = EmailMessage()
content="Message body in <b>html</b> format!"
msg['To'] = recipientEmail
msg['From'] = senderEmail
msg['Subject'] = 'Gmail API test'
# Use this for plain text
# msg.set_content(content)
# Otherwise, use this for html
msg.add_header('Content-Type','text/html')
msg.set_payload(content)
encodedMsg = base64.urlsafe_b64encode(msg.as_bytes()).decode()
try:
sendMsg = service.users().messages().send(
userId=senderEmail,
body={ 'raw': encodedMsg }
).execute()
print('Msg id:', sendMsg['id'])
except Exception as e:
print('Error:', e)

403 error sending email with gmail API (python)

I'm trying to send an email using the Gmail API in python. I think I followed the relevant documentation and youtube vids.
I'm running into this error:
googleapiclient.errors.HttpError: HttpError 403 when requesting https://www.googleapis.com/gmail/v1/users/me/messages/send?alt=json returned "Insufficient Permission"
Here is my script:
#!/usr/bin/env python
from googleapiclient.discovery import build
from httplib2 import Http
from oauth2client import file, client, tools
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
import base64
import errors
SCOPES = 'https://mail.google.com/'
CLIENT_SECRET = 'client_secret.json'
store = file.Storage('storage.json')
credz = store.get()
if not credz or credz.invalid:
flags = tools.argparser.parse_args(args=[])
flow = client.flow_from_clientsecrets(CLIENT_SECRET, SCOPES)
credz = tools.run_flow(flow, store, flags)
GMAIL = build('gmail', 'v1', http=credz.authorize(Http()))
def CreateMessage(sender, to, subject, message_text):
"""Create a message for an email.
Args:
sender: Email address of the sender.
to: Email address of the receiver.
subject: The subject of the email message.
message_text: The text of the email message.
Returns:
An object containing a base64url encoded email object.
"""
message = MIMEText(message_text)
message['to'] = to
message['from'] = sender
message['subject'] = subject
return {'raw': base64.urlsafe_b64encode(message.as_string())}
def SendMessage(service, user_id, message):
"""Send an email message.
Args:
service: Authorized Gmail API service instance.
user_id: User's email address. The special value "me"
can be used to indicate the authenticated user.
message: Message to be sent.
Returns:
Sent Message.
"""
try:
message = (service.users().messages().send(userId=user_id, body=message)
.execute())
print 'Message Id: %s' % message['id']
return message
except errors.HttpError, error:
print 'An error occurred: %s' % error
message = CreateMessage('testemail#gmail.com', 'testemail#gmail.com', 'test_subject', 'foo')
print message
SendMessage(GMAIL, 'me', message)
I tried adding scopes, trying different emails, etc. I have authenticated by logging into my browser as well. (The testemail#gmail.com is a dummy email btw)

Try deleting generated storage.json file and then try again afresh.
you might be trying this script with different scopes so "storage.json" might be having wrong details.

I had the same problem.
I solved it by running again the quickstart.py that provides google and change SCOPE so that google can give you all permissions you want. After that don't need to have SCOPE or CLIENT_SECRET on your new code to send a message, just get_credentials(), CreateMessage() and SendMessage() methods.