Was hoping someone could help me understand what's going on:
I'm using Selenium with Firefox browser to download a pdf (need Selenium to login to the corresponding website):
le = browser.find_elements_by_xpath('//*[#title="Download PDF"]')
time.sleep(5)
if le:
pdf_link = le[0].get_attribute("href")
browser.get(pdf_link)
The code does download the pdf, but after that just stays idle.
This seems to be related to the following browser settings:
fp.set_preference("pdfjs.disabled", True)
fp.set_preference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk", "application/pdf")
If I disable the first, it doesn't hang, but opens pdf instead of downloading it. If I disable the second, a "Save As" pop-up window shows up. Could someone explain how to handle this?
For me, the best way to solve this was to let Firefox render the PDF in the browser via pdf.js and then send a subsequent fetch via the Python requests library with the selenium cookies attached. More explanation below:
There are several ways to render a PDF via Firefox + Selenium. If you're using the most recent version of Firefox, it'll most likely render the PDF via pdf.js so you can view it inline. This isn't ideal because now we can't download the file.
You can disable pdf.js via Selenium options but this will likely lead to the issue in this question where the browser gets stuck. This might be because of an unknown MIME-Type but I'm not totally sure. (There's another StackOverflow answer that says this is also due to Firefox versions.)
However, we can bypass this by passing Selenium's cookie session to requests.session().
Here's a toy example:
import requests
from selenium import webdriver
pdf_url = "/url/to/some/file.pdf"
# setup driver with options
driver = webdriver.Firefox(..options)
# do whatever you need to do to auth/login/click/etc.
# navigate to the PDF URL in case the PDF link issues a
# redirect because requests.session() does not persist cookies
driver.get(pdf_url)
# get the URL from Selenium
current_pdf_url = driver.current_url
# create a requests session
session = requests.session()
# add Selenium's cookies to requests
selenium_cookies = driver.get_cookies()
for cookie in selenium_cookies:
session.cookies.set(cookie["name"], cookie["value"])
# Note: If headers are also important, you'll need to use
# something like seleniumwire to get the headers from Selenium
# Finally, re-send the request with requests.session
pdf_response = session.get(current_pdf_url)
# access the bytes response from the session
pdf_bytes = pdf_response.content
I highly recommend using seleniumwire over regular selenium because it extends Python Selenium to let you return headers, wait for requests to finish, use proxies, and much more.
Related
Here is the site I am trying to scrap data from:
https://www.onestopwineshop.com/collection/type/red-wines
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
url = "https://www.onestopwineshop.com/collection/type/red-wines"
response = requests.get(url)
#print(response.text)
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.content,'lxml')
The code I have above.
It seems like the HTML content I got from the inspector is different from what I got from BeautifulSoup.
My guess is that they are preventing me from getting their data as they detected I am not accessing the site with a browser. If so, is there any way to bypass that?
(Update) Attempt with selenium:
from selenium import webdriver
import time
path = "C:\Program Files (x86)\chromedriver.exe"
# start web browser
browser=webdriver.Chrome(path)
#navigate to the page
url = "https://www.onestopwineshop.com/collection/type/red-wines"
browser.get(url)
# sleep the required amount to let the page load
time.sleep(3)
# get source code
html = browser.page_source
# close web browser
browser.close()
Update 2:(loaded with devtool)
Any website with content that is loaded after the inital page load is unavailable with BS4 with your current method. This is because the content will be loaded with an AJAX call via javascript and the requests library is unable to parse and run JS code.
To achieve this you will have to look at something like selenium which controls a browser via python or other languages... There is a seperate version of selenium for each browser i.e firefox, chrome etc.
Personally I use chrome so the drivers can be found here...
https://chromedriver.chromium.org/downloads
download the correct driver for your version of chrome
install selenium via pip
create a scrape.py file and put the driver in the same folder.
then to get the html string to use with bs4
from selenium import webdriver
import time
# start web browser
browser=webdriver.Chrome()
#navigate to the page
browser.get('http://selenium.dev/')
# sleep the required amount to let the page load
time.sleep(2)
# get source code
html = browser.page_source
# close web browser
browser.close()
You should then be able to use the html variable with BS4
I'll actually turn my comment to an answer because it is a solution to your problem :
As other said, this page is loaded dynamically, but there are ways to retrieve data without running javascript, in your case you want to look at the "network" tab or your dev tools and filter "fetch" requests.
This could be particularly interesting for you :
You don't need selenium or beautifulsoup at all, you can just use requests and parse the json, if you are good enough ;)
There is a working cURL requests : curl 'https://api.commerce7.com/v1/product/for-web?&collectionSlug=red-wines' -H 'tenant: one-stop-wine-shop'
You get an error if you don't add the tenant header.
And that's it, no html parsing, no waiting for the page to load, no javascript running. Much more powerful that the selenium solution.
So I am trying to login programatically (python) to https://www.datacamp.com/users/sign_in using my email & password.
I have tried 2 methods of login. One using requests library & another using selenium (code below). Both time facing [403] issue.
Could someone please help me login programatically to it ?
Thank you !
Using Requests library.
import requests; r = requests.get("https://www.datacamp.com/users/sign_in"); r (which gives <response [403]>)
Using Selenium webdriver.
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driver_path, options=option)
driver.get("https://www.datacamp.com/users/sign_in")
driver.find_element_by_id("user_email") # there is supposed to be form element with id=user_email for inputting email
Implicit wait at least should have worked, like this:
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='/snap/bin/chromium.chromedriver')
driver.implicitly_wait(10)
url = "https://www.datacamp.com/users/sign_in"
driver.get(url)
driver.find_element_by_id("user_email").send_keys("test#dsfdfs.com")
driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#new_user>button[type=button]").click()
BUT
The real issue is the the site uses anti-scraping software.
If you open Console and go to request itself you'll see:
It means that the site blocks your connection even before you try to login.
Here is similar question with different solutions: Can a website detect when you are using Selenium with chromedriver?
Not all answers will work for you, try different approaches suggested.
With Firefox you'll have the same issue (I've already checked).
You have to add a wait after driver.get("https://www.datacamp.com/users/sign_in") before driver.find_element_by_id("user_email") to let the page loaded.
Try something like WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, 'user_email')))
I'm trying to use PhantomJS to write a scraper but even the example in the documentation of morph.io is not working. I guess the problem is "https", I tested it with http and it is working. Can you please give me a solution?
I tested it using firefox and it works.
from splinter import Browser
with Browser("phantomjs") as browser:
# Optional, but make sure large enough that responsive pages don't
# hide elements on you...
browser.driver.set_window_size(1280, 1024)
# Open the page you want...
browser.visit("https://morph.io")
# submit the search form...
browser.fill("q", "parliament")
button = browser.find_by_css("button[type='submit']")
button.click()
# Scrape the data you like...
links = browser.find_by_css(".search-results .list-group-item")
for link in links:
print link['href']
PhantomJS is not working on https urls?
Splinter uses the Selenium WebDriver bindings (example) for Python under the hood, so you can simply pass the necessary options like this:
with Browser("phantomjs", service_args=['--ignore-ssl-errors=true', '--ssl-protocol=any']) as browser:
...
See PhantomJS failing to open HTTPS site for why those options might be necessary. Take a look at the PhantomJS commandline interface for more options.
I've been grappling with using PhantomJS/Selenium/python-selenium to download a file to the filesystem.
I'm able to easily navigate through the DOM and click, hover etc. Downloading a file is, however, proving to be quite troublesome. I've tried a headless approach with Firefox and pyvirtualdisplay but that wasn't working well either and was unbelievably slow. I know That CasperJS allows for file downloads. Does anyone know how to integrate CasperJS with Python or how to utilize PhantomJS to download files. Much appreciated.
Despite this question is quite old, downloading files through PhantomJS is still a problem. But we can use PhantomJS to get download link and fetch all needed cookies such as csrf tokens and so on. And then we can use requests to download it actually:
import requests
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.PhantomJS()
driver.get('page_with_download_link')
download_link = driver.find_element_by_id('download_link')
session = requests.Session()
cookies = driver.get_cookies()
for cookie in cookies:
session.cookies.set(cookie['name'], cookie['value'])
response = session.get(download_link)
And now in response.content actual file content should appear. We can next write it with open or do whatever we want.
PhantomJS doesn't currently support file downloads. Relevant issues with workarounds:
File download
How to handle file save dialog box using Selenium webdriver and PhantomJS?
As far as I understand, you have at least 3 options:
switch to casperjs (and you should leave python here)
try with headless on xvfb
switch to normal non-headless browsers
Here are also some links that might help too:
Selenium Headless Automated Testing in Ubuntu
XWindows for Headless Selenium (with further links inside)
How to run browsers(chrome, IE and firefox) in headless mode?
Tutorial: How to use Headless Firefox for Scraping in Linux
My use case required a form submission to retrieve the file. I was able to accomplish this using the driver's execute_async_script() function.
js = '''
var callback = arguments[0];
var theForm = document.forms['theFormId'];
data = new FormData();
data.append('eventTarget', "''' + target + '''"); // this is the id of the file clicked
data.append('otherFormField', theForm.otherFormField.value);
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open('POST', theForm.action, true);
'''
for cookie in driver.get_cookies():
js += ' xhr.setRequestHeader("' + cookie['name'] + '", "' + cookie['value'] + '"); '
js += '''
xhr.onload = function () {
callback(this.responseText);
};
xhr.send(data);
'''
driver.set_script_timeout(30)
file = driver.execute_async_script(js)
Is not posible in that way. You can use other alternatives to download files like wget o curl.
Use firefox to find the right request and selenium to get the values for that and finally use out of to the box to download the file
curlCall=" curl 'http://www_sitex_org/descarga.jsf' -H '...allCurlRequest....' > file.xml"
subprocess.call(curlCall, shell=True)
I am working on a url using python.
If I click the url, I am able to get the excel file.
but If I run following code, it gives me weird output.
>>> import urllib2
>>> urllib2.urlopen('http://intranet.stats.gov.my/trade/download.php?id=4&var=2012/2012%20MALAYSIA%27S%20EXPORTS%20BY%20ECONOMIC%20GROUPING.xls').read()
output :
"<script language=javascript>window.location='2012/2012 MALAYSIA\\'S EXPORTS BY ECONOMIC GROUPING.xls'</script>"
why its not able to read content with urllib2?
Take a look using an http listener (or even Google Chrome Developer Tools), there's a redirect using javascript when you get to the page.
You will need to access the initial url, parse the result and fetch again the actual url.
#Kai in this question seems to have found an answer to javascript redirects using the module Selenium
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
link = "http://yourlink.com"
driver.get(link)
#this waits for the new page to load
while(link == driver.current_url):
time.sleep(1)
redirected_url = driver.current_url