I want to run a python script whenever there is a request to nginx. Is there any way I could run python through my nginx conf or If I could add my python script in nginx configuration?
NGINX has support for JavaScript and LUA via modules.
JavaScript in NGINX
OpenResty LUA
You could use for example the framework Flask and using WSGI within NGINX to front the python application.
Python Flask
You don't really describe your use-case enough to provide a more specific answer than this.
Related
I don't see this answered directly, so it's confusing. None of the tutorials I can find are using Nginx. They use Uvicorn instead for their examples. I have a running Nginx server hosting my React website. I want to add some data science endpoints using Python to enhance the React website. Can I run the endpoints in Nginx?
Actually NO, Nginx listen to your fastAPI application through gunicorn. So, you need to run gunicorn and bind it *.sock file, then Nginx listen to it.
Or you may read from official uvicorn doc, then you can try yourself
https://www.uvicorn.org/deployment/
Good Luck
We have web application which is running with django, python and PostgreSQL. We are also using virtualenv.
To start the web service, we first activate the virtualenv and then start python as service on 8080 with nohup.
But after sometime nohup process dies. Is there any way to launch service as demon like apache, or use some thing like monit?
I am new to this, please excuse my mistakes
So a runserver command should only be used in testing environments. And just like #Alasdair said, Django docs already have interesting information about that topic.
I would suggest using gunicorn as a wsgi with nginx as a reverse proxy. You can find more information here
And i would suggest using supervisor to monitor and control your gunicorn workers. More information can be found here
It may be a good idea to deploy your application using apache or ngnix. There is official Django documentation on how to do it with apache - https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/deployment/wsgi/modwsgi/
Apache does support virtual environment - just add python-home=<path_to_your_virtual_env> to the WSGIDaemonProcess directive when using daemon mode of mod_wsgi:
WSGIDaemonProcess django python-path=/opt/portal/src/ python-home=/opt/venv/django home=/opt/portal/
Best practice for how to use mod_wsgi and virtual environments is explained in:
http://modwsgi.readthedocs.io/en/develop/user-guides/virtual-environments.html
I was able to do it, but forgot to update the answers.IF any one is looking for same they can follow this.
Best way to run django app in production is to run with
django+gunicorn+supervisor+nginx.
I used gunicorn which is a Python WSGI HTTP Server for UNIX where you can control thread count, timeout settings and much more. gunicorn was running was on socket, it could be run on port but to reduce tcp overhead we ran on socket.
Supervisor is used to run this gunicorn script as supervisor is simple tool which is used to control your process.
and with the help of nginx reverse proxy Our Django site was life.
For more details follow below blog.
http://michal.karzynski.pl/blog/2013/06/09/django-nginx-gunicorn-virtualenv-supervisor/
I'm looking at the WSGI specification and I'm trying to figure out how servers like uWSGI fit into the picture. I understand the point of the WSGI spec is to separate web servers like nginx from web applications like something you'd write using Flask. What I don't understand is what uWSGI is for. Why can't nginx directly call my Flask application? Can't flask speak WSGI directly to it? Why does uWSGI need to get in between them?
There are two sides in the WSGI spec: the server and the web app. Which side is uWSGI on?
Okay, I think I get this now.
Why can't nginx directly call my Flask application?
Because nginx doesn't support the WSGI spec. Technically nginx could implement the WSGI spec if they wanted, they just haven't.
That being the case, we need a web server that does implement the spec, which is what the uWSGI server is for.
Note that uWSGI is a full fledged http server that can and does work well on its own. I've used it in this capacity several times and it works great. If you need super high throughput for static content, then you have the option of sticking nginx in front of your uWSGI server. When you do, they will communicate over a low level protocol known as uwsgi.
"What the what?! Another thing called uwsgi?!" you ask. Yeah, it's confusing. When you reference uWSGI you are talking about an http server. When you talk about uwsgi (all lowercase) you are talking about a binary protocol that the uWSGI server uses to talk to other servers like nginx. They picked a bad name on this one.
For anyone who is interested, I wrote a blog article about it with more specifics, a bit of history, and some examples.
NGINX in this case only works as a reverse proxy and render static files not the dynamic files, it receives the requests and proxies them to the application server, that would be UWSGI.
The UWSGI server is responsible for loading your Flask application using the WSGI interface. You can actually make UWSGI listen directly to requests from the internet and remove NGINX if you like, although it's mostly used behind a reverse proxy.
From the docs:
uWSGI supports several methods of integrating with web servers. It is also capable of serving HTTP requests by itself.
WSGI is just an interface specification, in simple terms, it tells you what methods should be implemented for passing requests and responses between the server and the application. When using frameworks such as Flask or Django, this is handled by the framework itself.
In other words, WSGI is basically a contract between python applications (Flask, Django, etc) and web servers (UWSGI, Gunicorn, etc). The benefit is that you can change web servers with little effort because you know they comply with the WSGI specification, which is actually one of the goals, as stated in PEP-333.
Python currently boasts a wide variety of web application frameworks, such as Zope, Quixote, Webware, SkunkWeb, PSO, and Twisted Web -- to name just a few 1. This wide variety of choices can be a problem for new Python users, because generally speaking, their choice of web framework will limit their choice of usable web servers, and vice versa.
A traditional web server does not understand or have any way to run Python applications. That's why WSGI server come in. On the other hand Nginx supports reverse proxy to handle requests and pass back responses for Python WSGI servers.
This link might help you: https://www.fullstackpython.com/wsgi-servers.html
There is an important aspect which we are missing . Flask and Django are web frameworks and we build web applications out of them . uWSGI or Gunicorn process the framework files . Consider it as a software application sitting in between the Django app and Nginx . uWSGI and Nginx communicate using WSGI but there is no communication interface between Django and uWSGI . Check out this video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WqrCnVAkLIo
In simple terms, just think of an analogy where you are running a CGI or PHP application with Nginx web server. You will use the respective handlers like php-fpm to run these files since the webserver, in its native form doesn't render these formats.
I am new to Flask Web with Python. I developed a simple Flask with Pycharm. Now I want to deploy it on my college server. I remember when I develop php web app I used to copy it to www folder in var and run it from there.
Can someone explain me how do I deploy python web app in Linux production server.
First, you need to figure out what your server provides from its sysadmin. There are tens of ways to do this, and all of them have different answers.
Given that you have used php on the system before, I'll assume you are using Apache httpd.
First, you would need to have a wsgi provider installed (e.g. mod_wsgi) , and then wire your application into the wsgi provider.
See the mod_wsgi page and flask docs for more information on how to precisely do this.
https://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/
http://flask.pocoo.org/docs/0.10/deploying/
Another option is to have python bring its own webserver and optionally have a proxy redirect / load balance.
I want to have simple program in python that can process different requests (POST, GET, MULTIPART-FORMDATA). I don't want to use a complete framework.
I basically need to be able to get GET and POST params - probably (but not necessarily) in a way similar to PHP. To get some other SERVER variables like REQUEST_URI, QUERY, etc.
I have installed nginx successfully, but I've failed to find a good example on how to do the rest. So a simple tutorial or any directions and ideas on how to setup nginx to run certain python process for certain virtual host would be most welcome!
Although you can make Python run a webserver by itself with wsgiref, I would recommend using one of the many Python webservers and/or web frameworks around. For pure and simple Python webhosting we have several options available:
gunicorn
tornado
twisted
uwsgi
cherrypy
If you're looking for more features you can look at some web frameworks:
werkzeug
flask
masonite
cherrypy (yes, cherrypy is both a webserver and a framework)
django (for completeness, I know that was not the purpose of the question)
You should look into using Flask -- it's an extremely lightweight interface to a WSGI server (werkzeug) which also includes a templating library, should you ever want to use one. But you can totally ignore it if you'd like.
You can use thttpd. It is a lightweight wsgi server for running cgi scripts. It works well with nginx. How to setup thttpd with Nginx is detailed here: http://nginxlibrary.com/running-cgi-scripts-using-thttpd/
All the same you must use wsgi server, as nginx does not support fully this protocol.