Develop Reference

wxPython layout of gui panels

I'm trying to create a gui with the following layout:
Where the top panel is going to contain three figures, the three middle panels are going to contain textboxes and the bottom panel some buttons
Here is what I have so far:
import wx
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wxagg import FigureCanvasWxAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import gui_functions as gf
class MainWindow(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, id, title = "Test GUI"):
wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, wx.ID_ANY, title = "MyTitle", size=(1200,1000))
self.graphicsPanel = wx.Panel(self,-1,style=wx.CLIP_CHILDREN)
self.textPanel = wx.Panel(self)
self.buttonsPanel = wx.Panel(self)
self.graphicsPanel.figure = Figure()
self.graphicsPanel.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.graphicsPanel, -1, self.graphicsPanel.figure)
self.axeshandleA = self.graphicsPanel.figure.add_subplot(131, projection='3d',facecolor='#f3f3f3')
self.axeshandleB = self.graphicsPanel.figure.add_subplot(132, projection='3d',facecolor='#f3f3f3')
self.axeshandleC = self.graphicsPanel.figure.add_subplot(133, projection='3d',facecolor='#f3f3f3')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = wx.App(False)
app.frame = MainWindow(None, wx.ID_ANY)
app.frame.Show()
app.MainLoop()
I've assumed that I need to start with three panels, that I somehow have to align vertically.
I'm thinking in the middle panel I will then need to add three additional panels and align them horizontally
My brain is thinking along the lines of how to structure div boxes in HTML and CSS.
My first problem is that I can't work out how to get the panels to a) fill the parent and b) align vertically.
Secondly, I'm working Spyder. Why do I have to start a new console after every call to the gui? If I don't then I get the error
The wx.App object must be created first!
I would really appreciate any help, because I'm stuck! Many thanks
I'm running wxPython 4.0.0rc1.dev3617+346e3b7 and Python 3.5.4

After much work and phaffing I now have this GUI:
The buttons are still wider than I would like, but I can't figure out how to make them narrower.
The code I have used is
import wx
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wxagg import FigureCanvasWxAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
class MainWindow(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, id, title = "Test GUI"):
wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, wx.ID_ANY, title = "MyTitle", size=(1200,1000))
self.graphicsPanel = wx.Panel(self,-1,style=wx.CLIP_CHILDREN)
self.graphicsPanel.SetBackgroundColour('#3aafbb')
self.textPanel = wx.Panel(self)
self.textPanel.SetBackgroundColour('#ffaf33')
self.buttonsPanel = wx.Panel(self)
self.buttonsPanel.SetBackgroundColour('#489e3e')
self.graphicsPanel.figure = Figure()
self.graphicsPanel.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.graphicsPanel, 1, self.graphicsPanel.figure)
main_sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
main_sizer.Add(self.graphicsPanel, 3, wx.EXPAND, border = 20)
main_sizer.Add(self.textPanel, 6, wx.EXPAND, border = 20)
main_sizer.Add(self.buttonsPanel, 1, wx.EXPAND, border = 20)
self.SetSizer(main_sizer)
self.Maximize(True)
self.axeshandleA = self.graphicsPanel.figure.add_subplot(131, projection='3d',facecolor='#f3f3f3')
self.axeshandleB = self.graphicsPanel.figure.add_subplot(132, projection='3d',facecolor='#f3f3f3')
self.axeshandleC = self.graphicsPanel.figure.add_subplot(133, projection='3d',facecolor='#f3f3f3')
self.graphicsPanel_sizer = wx.BoxSizer()
self.graphicsPanel_sizer.Add(self.graphicsPanel.canvas, 1, wx.EXPAND|wx.LEFT|wx.RIGHT|wx.TOP|wx.BOTTOM, border=10)
self.graphicsPanel.SetSizerAndFit(self.graphicsPanel_sizer)
self.textPanelR = wx.Panel(self.textPanel)
self.textPanelR.SetBackgroundColour('#f2c4f5')
self.textPanelA = wx.Panel(self.textPanel)
self.textPanelA.SetBackgroundColour('#86478a')
self.textPanelC = wx.Panel(self.textPanel)
self.textPanelC.SetBackgroundColour('#e11fee')
self.textPanel_sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
self.textPanel_sizer.Add(self.textPanelR, 1, wx.EXPAND|wx.LEFT|wx.RIGHT|wx.TOP|wx.BOTTOM, border=20)
self.textPanel_sizer.Add(self.textPanelA, 1, wx.EXPAND|wx.LEFT|wx.RIGHT|wx.TOP|wx.BOTTOM, border=20)
self.textPanel_sizer.Add(self.textPanelC, 1, wx.EXPAND|wx.LEFT|wx.RIGHT|wx.TOP|wx.BOTTOM, border=20)
self.textPanel.SetSizerAndFit(self.textPanel_sizer)
self.backBtn = wx.Button(self.buttonsPanel,label='<<BACK',style=wx.BU_EXACTFIT, size=(50,30))
self.backBtn.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.backBtnClicked)
self.exitBtn = wx.Button(self.buttonsPanel,label='EXIT',style=wx.BU_EXACTFIT, size=(50,30))
self.exitBtn.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.exitBtnClicked)
self.nextBtn = wx.Button(self.buttonsPanel,label='NEXT>>',style=wx.BU_EXACTFIT, size=(50,30))
self.nextBtn.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.nextBtnClicked)
self.buttonsPanel_sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
self.buttonsPanel_sizer.Add(self.backBtn, 1, wx.CENTER|wx.LEFT|wx.RIGHT, border=20)
self.buttonsPanel_sizer.Add(self.exitBtn, 1, wx.CENTER|wx.LEFT|wx.RIGHT, border=20)
self.buttonsPanel_sizer.Add(self.nextBtn, 1, wx.CENTER|wx.LEFT|wx.RIGHT, border=20)
self.buttonsPanel.SetSizer(self.buttonsPanel_sizer)
def backBtnClicked(self, event):
print("Back Button")
def nextBtnClicked(self, event):
print("Next Button")
def exitBtnClicked(self, event):
print("Exit Button")
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = wx.App(False)
app.frame = MainWindow(None, wx.ID_ANY)
app.frame.Show()
app.MainLoop()
I doubt it's as efficient as it could be, but it seems to mostly do what I want it to. Any further advice or recommendations would be gratefully received.

Aligning in wxpython

I am trying to align checkboxes and matplotlib canvas in wx frame.
I need those check boxes to be aligned in left side and canvas on right side
below code not aligning them properly
can anybody suggest changes need to be done in the code ?
If I want to add one more canvas in the same frame how can i add it?
import wx
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wxagg import FigureCanvasWxAgg as FigureCanvas
class canvasFrame(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self,parent,id):
wx.Frame.__init__(self,parent,id,"MyCanvas",size =(1200,400))
self.fig = plt.Figure(figsize=(15,5))
self.ax1 = self.fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self, -1, self.fig)
b1 = wx.CheckBox(self,-1,"Apples",(10,20),(160,-1))
b2 = wx.CheckBox(self,-1,"Mango",(10,40),(160,-1))
b1sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
b2sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
canvSizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
b1sizer.Add(b1,0,wx.ALL,5)
b2sizer.Add(b2,0,wx.ALL,5)
canvSizer.Add(self.canvas,wx.TOP | wx.EXPAND,5)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = wx.App()
frame = canvasFrame(parent=None,id = -1)
frame.Show()
app.MainLoop()

you are missing alot of parts of how sizers work ... I would really recommend revisiting the documentation and googling for tutorials
class canvasFrame(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self,parent,id):
wx.Frame.__init__(self,parent,id,"MyCanvas",size =(1200,400))
self.fig = plt.Figure(figsize=(15,5))
self.ax1 = self.fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self, -1, self.fig)
b1 = wx.CheckBox(self,-1,"Apples",(10,20),(160,-1))
b2 = wx.CheckBox(self,-1,"Mango",(10,40),(160,-1))
# first create your sizer for your checkboxes
checkbox_sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
checkbox_sizer.AddMany([b1,b2]) # add both buttons to the sizer
#next create the main sizer
main_sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
#add the checkbox sizer to the main_sizer
main_sizer.Add(checkbox_sizer)
# add the canvas to the main sizer
main_sizer.Add(self.canvas)
#Set the sizer as the sizer for the frame
self.SetSizer(main_sizer)
#call layout for the sizers to layout their elements
self.Layout()
#call fit to make the frame fit its contents
self.Fit()

You are using the sizers incorrectly, try the following:
import wx
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wxagg import FigureCanvasWxAgg as FigureCanvas
class canvasFrame(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self,parent,id):
wx.Frame.__init__(self,parent,id,"MyCanvas",size =(1200,400))
self.fig = plt.Figure(figsize=(15,5))
self.ax1 = self.fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self, -1, self.fig)
b1 = wx.CheckBox(self,-1,"Apples", size=(160,-1))
b2 = wx.CheckBox(self,-1,"Mango", size=(160,-1))
mainsizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL) # Main sizer
cbsizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL) # Checkbox sizer
canvassizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL) # Canvas sizer
# Add checkbox
cbsizer.Add(b1, 0, wx.ALIGN_LEFT|wx.ALL, 5)
cbsizer.Add(b2, 0, wx.ALIGN_LEFT|wx.ALL, 5)
# Add canvas
canvassizer.Add(self.canvas, 1, wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, 1)
# Add "secondary" sizers to main sizer
mainsizer.Add(cbsizer, 1, wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, 2)
mainsizer.Add(canvassizer, 3, wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, 2)
self.SetSizer(mainsizer)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = wx.App()
frame = canvasFrame(parent=None,id = -1)
frame.Show()
app.MainLoop()
Now, about the last question, i think that you would add a subplot (axes) instead other canvas, i.e.
self.fig = plt.Figure(figsize=(15,5))
self.ax1 = self.fig.add_subplot(1,2,1)
self.ax2 = self.fig.add_subplot(1,2,2)
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self, -1, self.fig)

Update wxpython figure canvas with new figure

In a wxPython application I have an embedded a FigureCanvas with a matplotlib figure. I want to be able to switch the figure by loading a new one. However, the figure is not being updated.
Answers to similar topics suggests that panel.canvas.draw() and panel.Refresh() should do the trick, but I've also tried panel.Update() and panel.canvas.Refresh(). I fear that this only works if you want to redraw the canvas with the same figure?
So my question is: how do you replace the figure inside a canvas and make it update?
Below is a small (non-working) example. First a figure is loaded with a single axis. If you from the embedded shell type panel.LoadFigure() a new figure with 2x2 subplots is created and put into the canvas. But the new figure is not shown.
import numpy as np
import wx
from wx.py.shell import Shell
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wxagg import FigureCanvasWxAgg as FigureCanvas
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
class ShellPanel(wx.Panel):
def __init__(self, parent):
wx.Panel.__init__(self, parent)
self.shell = Shell(self)
self.sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
self.sizer.Add(self.shell, 1, wx.GROW)
self.SetSizer(self.sizer)
self.Layout()
self.Fit()
class FigurePanel(wx.Panel):
def __init__(self, parent):
wx.Panel.__init__(self, parent)
self.parent = parent
self.sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
self.figure, ax = plt.subplots()
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self, -1, self.figure)
self.shellpanel = ShellPanel(self)
s1 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
s1.Add(self.canvas, 0, wx.GROW)
s1.Add(self.shellpanel, 1 , wx.EXPAND)
self.sizer.Add(s1, 5, wx.GROW)
self.SetSizer(self.sizer)
self.Layout()
self.Fit()
def LoadFigure(self):
self.figure, ax = plt.subplots(2, 2)
self.canvas.draw()
self.Refresh()
class FigureFrame(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, id, title, size):
wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, id, title, size=size)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = wx.App(False)
fr = FigureFrame(None, -1, title='Figure Loader', size=(wx.DisplaySize()[0]/2, wx.DisplaySize()[1]*3/4))
panel = FigurePanel(fr)
fr.Show()
app.MainLoop()

Is there any reason you are trying to create a new Figure and not simply new Axes on the already defined Figure?
I would write your code like so:
def LoadFigure(self):
self.figure.clf() # clear current figure
# add arbitrary number of new Axes
self.figure.add_subplot(221)
self.figure.add_subplot(222)
self.figure.add_subplot(223)
self.figure.add_subplot(224)
self.canvas.draw() # refresh canvas
EDIT: following your comment, I think the problem is that you're creating a new figure, but your Canvas is still referencing the old one. I don't know if you can change that directly in the FigureCanvas properties, maybe someone with more experience can provide a better answer. For the moment, I would Destroy the previous canvas, and create a new FigureCanvas object with your new figure.
def LoadFigure(self):
self.figure, ax = plt.subplots(2, 2)
self.canvas.Destroy()
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self, -1, self.figure)
self.canvas.draw()

Try using the Figure itself to make your figure, not pyplot. It has usually worked for me because it gives you more room to improvise.
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import numpy as np
import wx
from wx.py.shell import Shell
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wxagg import FigureCanvasWxAgg as FigureCanvas
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
class ShellPanel(wx.Panel):
def __init__(self, parent):
wx.Panel.__init__(self, parent)
self.shell = Shell(self)
self.sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
self.sizer.Add(self.shell, 1, wx.GROW)
self.SetSizer(self.sizer)
self.Layout()
self.Fit()
class FigurePanel(wx.Panel):
def __init__(self, parent):
wx.Panel.__init__(self, parent)
self.parent = parent
self.sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
self.figure = Figure(figsize = (8,6.1), dpi =60)
self.ax = self.figure.add_subplot(1,1,1)
self.enlarged_figure = Figure(figsize = (8,6.1), dpi = 100)
self.ax2 = self.enlarged_figure.add_subplot(2,1,2)
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self, -1, self.figure)
self.canvas.Show()
self.enlarged_canvas = FigureCanvas(self,-1,self.enlarged_figure)
self.enlarged_canvas.Show()
self.shellpanel = ShellPanel(self)
s1 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
s1.Add(self.canvas, 0, wx.GROW)
s1.Add(self.shellpanel, 1 , wx.EXPAND)
self.sizer.Add(s1, 5, wx.GROW)
self.SetSizer(self.sizer)
self.Layout()
self.Fit()
def LoadFigure(self):
self.figure, ax = plt.subplots(2, 2)
self.canvas.draw()
self.Refresh()
class FigureFrame(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, id, title, size):
wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, id, title, size=size)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = wx.App(False)
fr = FigureFrame(None, -1, title='Figure Loader', size=(wx.DisplaySize()[0]/2, wx.DisplaySize()[1]*3/4))
panel = FigurePanel(fr)
fr.Show()
app.MainLoop()
In the shell type in 'panel.LoadFigure()' and the new figure will show up very quickly and then disappear. Then type 'panel.canvas.draw()' and the new figure will be there. Then type 'panel.LoadFigure()' to load the old figure back. Repeat.
I don't know why the figure remains hidden after the MainLoop() continues but this is sort of a quick fix to your problem.

wxpython + matplotlib: autoresizing a matplotlib figure

This python program plots a figure in a wxpython window.
How can I change the program so that:
the figure resizes when I resize the window
the main window cannot be resized smaller than a particular dimension? (say, half the default size of the window)
.
# adapted from:
# http://wiki.wxpython.org/Getting%20Started
# http://www.cs.colorado.edu/~kena/classes/5448/s11/presentations/pearse.pdf
import wx
import pylab as pl
import matplotlib
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wxagg import FigureCanvasWxAgg as FigureCanvas
class GUIPanel(wx.Panel):
def __init__(self, parent):
wx.Panel.__init__(self, parent)
self.parent = parent
# create some sizers
sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
# A button
self.button =wx.Button(self, label="Tada!")
self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.OnClick,self.button)
# put up a figure
self.figure = pl.figure()
self.axes = self.drawplot(self.figure)
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self, -1, self.figure)
sizer.Add(self.canvas, 0, wx.ALIGN_CENTER|wx.ALL)
sizer.Add(self.button, 0, wx.ALIGN_CENTER|wx.ALL)
self.SetSizerAndFit(sizer)
def log(self, fmt, *args):
print (fmt % args)
def OnClick(self,event):
self.log("button clicked, id#%d\n", event.GetId())
def drawplot(self, fig):
ax = fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)
t = pl.arange(0,1,0.001)
ax.plot(t,t*t)
ax.grid()
return ax
app = wx.App(False)
frame = wx.Frame(None)
panel = GUIPanel(frame)
frame.Fit()
frame.Center()
frame.Show()
app.MainLoop()

1) Modify the way you setup your sizer to this:
sizer.Add(self.canvas, 1, wx.EXPAND | wx.ALL)
Here is method reference. It is also helpful to install and use wxPython Demo. Sizers are covered nicely there. BTW: wx.ALL is useless unless you specify border.
2) And add this to your frame setup after frame.Show():
size = frame.GetSize()
frame.SetMinSize((size[0] / 2, size[1] / 2))

Matplotlib: Label points on mouseover

I have a scatter plot with several thousand points. This post tells me how to label them:
Matplotlib: How to put individual tags for a scatter plot
But that will look like a disaster with so many points. What I would like instead is to have a "tool tip" type label that pops up when you mouseover a point. Is that possible using matplotlib?

Once you get the coords of the point you can show them or any object-linked info in a textctrl in the toolbar. For this you have to instantiate a toolbar (NavigationToolbar2Wx()) in your canvas and add the textcontrol there. This is not as nice as a popup but it does the job.
Here you have an example of customizing your toolbar (only showing the x coordinate in the txtctrl):
#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
"""
jvisor_spectrum_panel (visor_07)
25 julio 2010
"""
#
import wx
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wxagg import FigureCanvasWxAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wx import NavigationToolbar2Wx
#
#
class SpectrumPanel(wx.Panel):
def __init__(self, parent, xlabel='m/z', ylabel='Intensity'):
wx.Panel.__init__(self, parent)
#
self.parent = parent
self.xlabel = xlabel
self.ylabel = ylabel
self.SetBackgroundColour("white")
#
self.figure = Figure()
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self, -1, self.figure)
#
self.add_toolbar()
#
sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
sizer.Add(self.canvas, 1, wx.LEFT | wx.TOP| wx.GROW| wx.EXPAND)
sizer.Add(self.toolbar, 0, wx.LEFT)
self.canvas.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event', self.on_motion)
self.SetSizer(sizer)
self.Fit()
self.clean()
#
def add_toolbar(self):
""
self.toolbar = NavigationToolbar2Wx(self.canvas)
mass_txt = wx.StaticText(self.toolbar, label='m/z', pos=(230, 7),
size=(25, 17))
mass_txt.SetBackgroundColour("light gray")
self.mass = wx.TextCtrl(self.toolbar, pos=(260,4), size=(50, 22),
style=wx.TE_READONLY)
#
self.toolbar.SetToolBitmapSize(wx.Size(24, 25))
self.toolbar.SetMinSize((1500, 31))
self.toolbar.Realize()
self.toolbar.Update()
#
def clean(self):
""
self.figure.clear()
self.axes = self.figure.add_subplot(111)
#
def dibuja(self):
"dibuja el canvas"
self.axes.set_xlabel(self.xlabel)
self.axes.set_ylabel(self.ylabel)
self.canvas.draw()
#
def on_motion(self, evt):
if evt.inaxes:
xpos = evt.xdata
self.mass.SetValue(' %0.1f' % (xpos))
if __name__ == '__main__':
""
class TestFrame(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self, *args, **kargs):
wx.Frame.__init__(self, *args, **kargs)
self.panel = SpectrumPanel(self)
self.Fit()
#
app = wx.PySimpleApp()
fr = TestFrame(None)
fr.Show()
app.MainLoop()
And here you can see the new control in the toolbar: