Develop Reference

Python 3 - IPAddress check

New to python but trying to write something that will check a user entered IP against a CIDR to see which CIDR the IP is within if any... but getting some sort of str version error that makes little sense...
import ipaddress
ip2check = input("Enter IP Address:")
blocks = ['192.1.1.1/8', '0.0.0.0/16']
n = 1
print('Scanning through', len(blocks), 'CIDR blocks')
for x in blocks:
print('Checking', blocks[n])
breakpoint()
if ip2check in ipaddress.IPv4Network(blocks[n]):
print("IP is found in CIDR: ", blocks[n])
else:
print("IP not found in", blocks[n])
Error:
line 11, in
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/codecs.py(309)init()
-> def init(self, errors='strict')
or maybe its:
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute '_version'

Well, you are trying to check the membership of the objec IPv4Network, if you check the overriden contains
import ipaddress
import inspect
lines = inspect.getsource(ipaddress.IPv4Network.__contains__)
You get
def __contains__(self, other):
# always false if one is v4 and the other is v6.
if self._version != other._version:
return False
# dealing with another network.
if isinstance(other, _BaseNetwork):
return False
# dealing with another address
else:
# address
return (int(self.network_address) <= int(other._ip) <=
int(self.broadcast_address))
This means that the object is checking whether the two objects you are comparing have the same version, network type.. etc but what you are doing is comparing a string with a IPv4Network, the piece in contains checks the versioning with self._version which the string object does not have, hence the error of 'string object does not have self._version'
In resume: You are comparing an string object with a IPv4Network object which you cannot do.

Autocorrect python library throwing error instead of correcting the word

I'm not really sure why this autocorrect isnt working, but every time i try to use the Speller() function i get this error:
TypeError: '>' not supported between instances of 'str' and 'int'
and here is my code:
import time
from autocorrect import Speller
def main(consoleMode):
if consoleMode:
# beg fur input :D
inputVar = input("Console Mode input: ")
if Speller(inputVar.lower()) == "hi" or Speller(inputVar.lower()) == "hello" or Speller(inputVar.lower()) == "wassup" or Speller(inputVar.lower()) == "sup":
if name == None:
name = int(input("Hello!\nI'd like to get to know you.\nWhat's your name?\n> "))
if ("not" in Speller(name) and "tell" in Speller(name)) or ("not" in Speller(name) and "say" in Speller(name)):
print("Alright, I'll just call you Bob for now :)")
name = "Bob"
else:
print("Hey " + name + "!")
while True:
main(True)
edit: I also tried doing int(disisastringvariable) but it just doesnt even work as it also throws an error

you might want to check out the documentation for the autocorrect module the speller class inits signature is def __init__(self, threshold=0, lang='en'): So when creating an instance of the class and passing in a single argument it will assume you are passing in a threshold.
So calling Speller("something") will pass a string in that will be stored as the threshold. then on line 27 of the init method. if threshold > 0 this string will be compared to an int. Hence the error. Since you cannot do > between a string and an int.
I would suggest first read any documentation for this module. The example from the documenation suggest to use it like
>>> spell = Speller(lang='en')
>>> spell("I'm not sleapy and tehre is no place I'm giong to.")
"I'm not sleepy and there is no place I'm going to."

You are trying to pass the code you want to check to the Speller constructor.
Instead, you should create the object once, and then it is callable and checks input. Read the examples here: https://github.com/fsondej/autocorrect
import time
from autocorrect import Speller
my_speller = Speller(lang='en')
name = None
def main(consoleMode):
global name
if consoleMode:
# beg fur input :D
inputVar = input("Console Mode input: ")
if my_speller(inputVar.lower()) == "hi" or my_speller(inputVar.lower()) == "hello" or my_speller(inputVar.lower()) == "wassup" or my_speller(inputVar.lower()) == "sup":
if name == None:
name = input("Hello!\nI'd like to get to know you.\nWhat's your name?\n> ")
if ("not" in my_speller(name) and "tell" in my_speller(name)) or ("not" in my_speller(name) and "say" in my_speller(name)):
print("Alright, I'll just call you Bob for now :)")
name = "Bob"
else:
print("Hey " + name + "!")
while True:
main(True)
You also had a problem with the variable name being used before declaration - I think you want to have a global instance of this and use it in all calls to your main function.

while loop in a python class [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
Asking the user for input until they give a valid response
(22 answers)
Closed 6 years ago.
I am trying to incorporate a regex check for user input in my class. I want a scenario where users can't proceed to enter their name until they enter a valid email address. The current code i have isn't working as expected.
I suppose a while-loop is in order here but i am struggling to implement that in this class. Any assistance is much appreciated.
class test:
def __init__(self):
self.email = input("Enter your email: ")
email_check = re.search(r'[\w.-]+#[\w.-]+.\w+', self.email)
if email_check:
print ('email valid')
else:
print ('email not valid')
self.email = input("Enter your email: ")
sys.exit(0)
self.name = input("Enter your name: ")

You can do it like this.
while True:
self.email = input ("Enter email:")
if valid_email:
break
Substitute valid_email with your way of validating the email address.
You may also be interested in Python check for valid email address? for ways to validate an email address.

First of all - you should not implement any activity of this kind into __init__ method, as one is intended for object fields initialization first place. Consider dedicated 'check_email' method, or whatever name applies best.
Now, regarding your case:
class test:
def __init(self):
# whatever initialization applies
pass
def init_emails():
emails = []
proceed = True
# if you really in need of do/while loop
while proceed:
email = self.input_email()
# your logic for input
if email is not None:
emails.append(email)
# invalid input or cancel
else:
proceed = False
return input
def input_email(self):
value = input('Enter your email:')
# TODO: validate/check input
return proper_value

class test:
def __init__(self):
self.email = self.get_name()
def get_name(self) :
while True:
x = input("Enter your email: ")
if (re.search(r'[\w.-]+#[\w.-]+.\w+', x)) :
return x

This script functions as described, in the end printing the name and email. If you need to use python2.7, use raw_input instead of input. I used for i in range instead of while True to avoid an endless loop.
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import re
import sys
class Test(object):
def __init__(self):
self.email = None
self.name = None
def get_email(self):
for i in range(3):
email = input('Enter your email: ')
if re.search('[\w.-]+#[\w.-]+.\w+', email):
return email
print('Too many failed attempts!')
sys.exit(1)
def get_name(self):
for i in range(3):
name = input('Enter your name: ')
if name:
return name
print('Too many failed attempts!')
sys.exit(1)
def initialize(self):
self.email = self.get_email()
self.name = self.get_name()
print('"{}" <{}>'.format(self.name, self.email))
if __name__ == '__main__':
t = Test()
t.initialize()

Instead of input, try to use raw_input. Like this:
self.email = raw_input("Enter your email:")
There'll be no error anymore.
Hope this helps.

How to change a global variable in python?

I am accessing data from different accounts from an online platform over their API. I have created a class called Account that holds all the information necessary to access this API. I want to be able to set the account (and the necessary info to gain access) each time before I make an API request. I tried to make a function that will set a global variable Acct to the proper account class instance but after I call choose_account(), Acct continues to return '', is there a better way to handle this type of procedure?
Acct = ''
def choose_account():
global Acct
get = raw_input(r'Adap1, Adap2, Adap3, or Adap4? ')
if get == 'Adap1':
Acct = Adap1
elif get == 'Adap2':
Acct = Adap2
elif get == 'Adap3':
Acct = Adap3
elif get == 'Adap4':
Acct = Adap4
else:
print ("Please type Adap1, Adap2, Adap3, or Adap4 ")
Edit: show Account and Adap1 etc
class Account():
def __init__(self, name, username, password, org_id):
self.name = name
self.username = username
self.password = password
self.org_id = org_id
def update_pw(self, pw):
self.password = pw
Adap1 = Account('Adap1', 'username', 'password', 'org_id')

Sorry, but use of global variables in that way is not usually a good way to go. You are probably new to programming, so I don't want you to feel you are being "told off", but it would be much more sensible to have the function return a value, and then set the global variable with a statement like
Acct = choose_account()
In which case your function ought to look more like this (untested code):
def choose_acct():
while True:
get = raw_input(r'Adap1, Adap2, Adap3, or Adap4? ')
if get == "Adap1":
return Adap1
elif get == "Adap2":
return Adap2
elif get == "Adap3":
return Adap3
elif get == "Adap4":
return Adap4
Better still, you could consider a data-driven approach to the problem, and define a dictionary like
adict = {"Adap1": Adap1, "Adap2": Adap2, "Adap3": Adap3, "Adap4": Adap4}
Then your function could read (again, untested)
def choose_acct():
while True:
get = raw_input(r'Adap1, Adap2, Adap3, or Adap4? ')
result = adict.get(get, None)
if result:
return result
As your experience level grows you will start to recognise the difference between good and bad code, but you made a pretty good attempt.

How to use the DICT protocol client in Python?

I use the command line DICT client named dict like this : dict <some word>, which will show me the meaning from the dictionary servers which I have configured.
I'd like to interact with the dict servers from Python, for example reimplement that command line client in Python.
I found a Python module for the dict protocol in the Ubuntu repositories that I've installed (apt-get install python-dictclient), but unfortunately I couldn't find any documentation for this module. I tried to understand the modules's builtin help help('dictclient') but didn't succeed. I could only make a connection to a dict server and was able to see apartial definition, here's my attempt :
import dictclient
c = dictclient.Connection('localhost', 2628)
If anyone has experience with this module please explain to me how to use it.

dict-like definition fetching using dictclient in Python:
from dictclient import Connection, Database
from sys import argv
con = Connection("dict.org") #or whatever your server is
db = Database(con, "*") #replace * with ! to get only the first result
def_list = db.define(argv[1]) #list containing Definition objects
for x in def_list:
print x.getdefstr() + '\n'

Here is a Python3 version of dictlient:
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
# Client for the DICT protocol (RFC2229)
#
# Copyright (C) 2002 John Goerzen
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
# A few small hacks to make it work on Python3 - KrisvanderMerwe 25 Aoril 2015
import socket, re
version = '1.0.2.1'
def dequote(teks):
"""Will remove single or double quotes from the start and end of a string
and return the result."""
quotechars = "'\""
while len(teks) and teks[0] in quotechars:
teks = teks[1:]
while len(teks) and teks[-1] in quotechars:
teks = teks[0:-1]
return teks
def enquote(teks):
"""This function will put a string in double quotes, properly
escaping any existing double quotes with a backslash. It will
return the result."""
return '"' + teks.replace('"', "\\\"") + '"'
class Connection:
"""This class is used to establish a connection to a database server.
You will usually use this as the first call into the dictclient library.
Instantiating it takes two optional arguments: a hostname (a string)
and a port (an int). The hostname defaults to localhost
and the port to 2628, the port specified in RFC."""
def __init__(self, hostname = 'localhost', port = 2628):
self.sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
self.sock.connect((hostname, port))
self.rfile = self.sock.makefile()
self.wfile = self.sock.makefile("wb", 0)
self.saveconnectioninfo()
def getresultcode(self):
"""Generic function to get a result code. It will return a list
consisting of two items: the integer result code and the text
following. You will not usually use this function directly."""
line = self.rfile.readline().strip()
code, text = line.split(' ', 1)
return [int(code), text]
def get200result(self):
"""Used when expecting a single line of text -- a 200-class
result. Returns [intcode, remaindertext]"""
code, text = self.getresultcode()
if code < 200 or code >= 300:
raise Exception ("Got '%s' when 200-class response expected %s " % (code,text) )
return [code, text]
def get100block(self):
"""Used when expecting multiple lines of text -- gets the block
part only. Does not get any codes or anything! Returns a string."""
data = []
while 1:
line = self.rfile.readline().strip()
if line == '.':
break
data.append(line)
return "\n".join(data)
def get100result(self):
"""Used when expecting multiple lines of text, terminated by a period
and a 200 code. Returns: [initialcode, [bodytext_1lineperentry],
finalcode]"""
code, text = self.getresultcode()
if code < 100 or code >= 200:
raise Exception ("Got '%s' when 100-class response expected" % code )
bodylines = self.get100block().split("\n")
code2 = self.get200result()[0]
return [code, bodylines, code2]
def get100dict(self):
"""Used when expecting a dictionary of results. Will read from
the initial 100 code, to a period and the 200 code."""
dicl = {}
for line in self.get100result()[1]:
key, val = line.split(' ', 1)
dicl[key] = dequote(val)
return dicl
def saveconnectioninfo(self):
"""Called by __init__ to handle the initial connection. Will
save off the capabilities and messageid."""
code, string = self.get200result()
assert code == 220
capstr, msgid = re.search('<(.*)> (<.*>)$', string).groups()
self.capabilities = capstr.split('.')
self.messageid = msgid
def getcapabilities(self):
"""Returns a list of the capabilities advertised by the server."""
return self.capabilities
def getmessageid(self):
"""Returns the message id, including angle brackets."""
return self.messageid
def getdbdescs(self):
"""Gets a dict of available databases. The key is the db name
and the value is the db description. This command may generate
network traffic!"""
if hasattr(self, 'dbdescs'):
return self.dbdescs
self.sendcommand("SHOW DB")
self.dbdescs = self.get100dict()
return self.dbdescs
def getstratdescs(self):
"""Gets a dict of available strategies. The key is the strat
name and the value is the strat description. This call may
generate network traffic!"""
if hasattr(self, 'stratdescs'):
return self.stratdescs
self.sendcommand("SHOW STRAT")
self.stratdescs = self.get100dict()
return self.stratdescs
def getdbobj(self, dbname):
"""Gets a Database object corresponding to the database name passed
in. This function explicitly will *not* generate network traffic.
If you have not yet run getdbdescs(), it will fail."""
if not hasattr(self, 'dbobjs'):
self.dbobjs = {}
if dbname in self.dbobjs:
return self.dbobjs[dbname]
# We use self.dbdescs explicitly since we don't want to
# generate net traffic with this request!
if dbname != '*' and dbname != '!' and \
not dbname in self.dbdescs.keys():
raise Exception( "Invalid database name '%s'" % dbname )
self.dbobjs[dbname] = Database(self, dbname)
return self.dbobjs[dbname]
def sendcommand(self, command):
"""Takes a command, without a newline character, and sends it to
the server."""
self.wfile.write(command.encode() + b"\n")
def define(self, database, word):
"""Returns a list of Definition objects for each matching
definition. Parameters are the database name and the word
to look up. This is one of the main functions you will use
to interact with the server. Returns a list of Definition
objects. If there are no matches, an empty list is returned.
Note: database may be '*' which means to search all databases,
or '!' which means to return matches from the first database that
has a match."""
self.getdbdescs() # Prime the cache
if database != '*' and database != '!' and \
not database in self.getdbdescs():
raise Exception ( "Invalid database '%s' specified" % database )
self.sendcommand("DEFINE " + enquote(database) + " " + enquote(word))
code = self.getresultcode()[0]
retval = []
if code == 552:
# No definitions.
return []
if code != 150:
raise Exception ("Unknown code %d" % code )
while 1:
code, text = self.getresultcode()
if code != 151:
break
resultword, resultdb = re.search('^"(.+)" (\S+)', text).groups()
defstr = self.get100block()
retval.append(Definition(self, self.getdbobj(resultdb),
resultword, defstr))
return retval
def match(self, database, strategy, word):
"""Gets matches for a query. Arguments are database name,
the strategy (see available ones in getstratdescs()), and the
pattern/word to look for. Returns a list of Definition objects.
If there is no match, an empty list is returned.
Note: database may be '*' which means to search all databases,
or '!' which means to return matches from the first database that
has a match."""
self.getstratdescs() # Prime the cache
self.getdbdescs() # Prime the cache
if not strategy in self.getstratdescs().keys():
raise Exception ( "Invalid strategy '%s'" % strategy )
if database != '*' and database != '!' and not database in self.getdbdescs().keys():
raise Exception ( "Invalid database name '%s'" % database )
self.sendcommand("MATCH %s %s %s" % (enquote(database),
enquote(strategy),
enquote(word)))
code = self.getresultcode()[0]
if code == 552:
# No Matches
return []
if code != 152:
raise Exception ( "Unexpected code %d" % code )
retval = []
for matchline in self.get100block().split("\n"):
matchdict, matchword = matchline.split(" ", 1)
retval.append(Definition(self, self.getdbobj(matchdict),
dequote(matchword)))
if self.getresultcode()[0] != 250:
raise Exception ( "Unexpected end-of-list code %d" % code )
return retval
class Database:
"""An object corresponding to a particular database in a server."""
def __init__(self, dictconn, dbname):
"""Initialize the object -- requires a Connection object and
a database name."""
self.conn = dictconn
self.name = dbname
def getname(self):
"""Returns the short name for this database."""
return self.name
def getdescription(self):
if hasattr(self, 'description'):
return self.description
if self.getname() == '*':
self.description = 'All Databases'
elif self.getname() == '!':
self.description = 'First matching database'
else:
self.description = self.conn.getdbdescs()[self.getname()]
return self.description
def getinfo(self):
"""Returns a string of info describing this database."""
if hasattr(self, 'info'):
return self.info
if self.getname() == '*':
self.info = "This special database will search all databases on the system."
elif self.getname() == '!':
self.info = "This special database will return matches from the first matching database."
else:
self.conn.sendcommand("SHOW INFO " + self.name)
self.info = "\n".join(self.conn.get100result()[1])
return self.info
def define(self, word):
"""Get a definition from within this database.
The argument, word, is the word to look up. The return value is the
same as from Connection.define()."""
return self.conn.define(self.getname(), word)
def match(self, strategy, word):
"""Get a match from within this database.
The argument, word, is the word to look up. The return value is
the same as from Connection.define()."""
return self.conn.match(self.getname(), strategy, word)
class Definition:
"""An object corresponding to a single definition."""
def __init__(self, dictconn, db, word, defstr = None):
"""Instantiate the object. Requires: a Connection object,
a Database object (NOT corresponding to '*' or '!' databases),
a word. Optional: a definition string. If not supplied,
it will be fetched if/when it is requested."""
self.conn = dictconn
self.db = db
self.word = word
self.defstr = defstr
def getdb(self):
"""Get the Database object corresponding to this definition."""
return self.db
def getdefstr(self):
"""Get the definition string (the actual content) of this
definition."""
if not self.defstr:
self.defstr = self.conn.define(self.getdb().getname(), self.word)[0].getdefstr()
return self.defstr
def getword(self):
"""Get the word this object describes."""
return self.word