I'm on Raspberry Pi 3B+ (Raspbian) and I'm trying to load a Python script on boot which display 720p images into full screen mode, the user should then be able to press a push button to go to the next image.
Currently, I have created the code which allows for the images to display and the images to change due to the push button.
Right now I'm having trouble with having the images load into full screen mode and boot on start-up. I have followed many guides and tutorials on how I can load a GUI Python script on boot but none of them have seemed to work for my specific script (but they loaded on boot successfully from their example scripts) which is making me think that there's an issue in the code for why it won't boot (probably because I haven't implemented so that they open in full screen). These are all the guides which I tried out (https://www.raspberrypi-spy.co.uk/2015/02/how-to-autorun-a-python-script-on-raspberry-pi-boot/ , raspberry pi : Auto run GUI on boot , https://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/questions/4123/running-a-python-script-at-startup , https://www.digikey.ca/en/maker/blogs/2018/how-to-run-python-programs-on-a-raspberry-pi , https://www.instructables.com/Raspberry-Pi-Launch-Python-script-on-startup/ , https://bc-robotics.com/tutorials/running-python-program-boot-raspberry-pi/) and I'd like to focus on the GUI method from this tutorial for my question (https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/how-to-run-a-raspberry-pi-program-on-startup/all )
I'm very much a beginner right now when it comes to GUI programming (I took the original script from online and modified it to include the push button) and I'm not too sure on how I can implement the full screen option into the code which displays the images.
Here is what I have currently (will load images into a window, you can then change to the next image using a push button). At the beginning of my code, I tried adding in some functions from the example listed later which allowed toggling of full screen and also their associated root functions at the bottom to complement this
import tkinter as tk
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
import time
import sys
import os
import keyboard
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import time
GPIO.setwarnings(False)
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)
GPIO.setup(10, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD_DOWN)
GPIO.add_event_detect(10, GPIO.FALLING)
def toggle_fullscreen(event=None): # I added this in to try full screen
global root
global fullscreen
# Toggle between fullscreen and windowed modes
fullscreen = not fullscreen
root.attributes('-fullscreen', fullscreen)
resize()
# Return to windowed mode
def end_fullscreen(event=None): # I added this in to try full screen
global root
global fullscreen
# Turn off fullscreen mode
fullscreen = False
root.attributes('-fullscreen', False)
root= tk.Tk() # I added this in to try full screen
class HiddenRoot(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
tk.Tk.__init__(self)
#hackish way, essentially makes root window
#as small as possible but still "focused"
#enabling us to use the binding on <esc>
self.wm_geometry("0x0+0+0")
self.window = MySlideShow(self)
#self.window.changeImage()
self.window.startSlideShow()
class MySlideShow(tk.Toplevel):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Toplevel.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
#remove window decorations
self.overrideredirect(True)
#save reference to photo so that garbage collection
#does not clear image variable in show_image()
self.persistent_image = None
self.imageList = []
self.pixNum = 0
#used to display as background image
self.label = tk.Label(self)
self.label.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
self.getImages()
#### Added the GPIO event here
GPIO.add_event_callback(10, self.changeImage)
def getImages(self):
'''
Get image directory from command line or use current directory
'''
if len(sys.argv) == 2:
curr_dir = sys.argv[1]
else:
curr_dir = '.'
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(curr_dir):
for f in files:
if f.endswith(".png") or f.endswith(".jpg"):
img_path = os.path.join(root, f)
print(img_path)
self.imageList.append(img_path)
def startSlideShow(self, delay=4):
myimage = self.imageList[self.pixNum]
self.pixNum = (self.pixNum + 1) % len(self.imageList)
self.showImage(myimage)
#self.after(delay*1000, self.startSlideShow)
# while True:
# buttonState = GPIO.input(buttonPin)
# if buttonState == False:
# self.startSlideShow(self, delay=4)
##staticmethod
def changeImage(self, pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD_DOWN):
prev_input = 0
while True:
#take a reading
input = GPIO.input(10)
#if the last reading was low and this one high, print
if ((not prev_input) and input):
myimage = self.imageList[self.pixNum]
self.pixNum = (self.pixNum + 1) % len(self.imageList)
self.showImage(myimage)
#update previous input
prev_input = input
#slight pause to debounce
time.sleep(0.05)
# myimage = self.imageList[self.pixNum]
# self.pixNum = (self.pixNum + 1) % len(self.imageList)
# self.showImage(myimage)
def showImage(self, filename):
image = Image.open(filename)
img_w, img_h = image.size
scr_w, scr_h = self.winfo_screenwidth(), self.winfo_screenheight()
width, height = min(scr_w, img_w), min(scr_h, img_h)
image.thumbnail((width, height), Image.ANTIALIAS)
#set window size after scaling the original image up/down to fit screen
#removes the border on the image
scaled_w, scaled_h = image.size
self.wm_geometry("{}x{}+{}+{}".format(scaled_w,scaled_h,0,0))
# create new image
self.persistent_image = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image)
self.label.configure(image=self.persistent_image)
slideShow = HiddenRoot()
slideShow.bind("<Escape>", lambda e: slideShow.destroy()) # exit on esc
slideShow.mainloop()
root.bind('<F11>', toggle_fullscreen) # I added this in to try full screen
root.bind('<Escape>', end_fullscreen) # I added this in to try full screen
toggle_fullscreen() # I added this in to try full screen
root.mainloop() # I added this in to try full screen
GPIO.cleanup()
And from that guide I said to note earlier, here is the code they which loads a clock into fullscreen mode (and I followed their method of loading the script on boot which worked)
import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.font as tkFont
import time
###############################################################################
# Parameters and global variables
# Default font size
font_size = -24
# Declare global variables
root = None
dfont = None
frame = None
dtime = None
# Global variable to remember if we are fullscreen or windowed
fullscreen = False
###############################################################################
# Functions
# Toggle fullscreen
def toggle_fullscreen(event=None):
global root
global fullscreen
# Toggle between fullscreen and windowed modes
fullscreen = not fullscreen
root.attributes('-fullscreen', fullscreen)
resize()
# Return to windowed mode
def end_fullscreen(event=None):
global root
global fullscreen
# Turn off fullscreen mode
fullscreen = False
root.attributes('-fullscreen', False)
resize()
# Automatically resize font size based on window size
def resize(event=None):
global time_dfont
global button_dfont
global frame
# Resize font based on frame height (minimum size of 12)
# Use negative number for "pixels" instead of "points"
new_size = -max(12, int((frame.winfo_height() / 2)))
time_dfont.configure(size=new_size)
new_size = -max(12, int((frame.winfo_height() / 30)))
button_dfont.configure(size=new_size)
# Read values from the sensors at regular intervals
def update():
global root
global dtime
# Get local time
local_time = time.localtime()
# Convert time to 12 hour clock
hours = local_time.tm_hour
if hours > 12:
hours -= 12
# Add leading 0s
shours = str(hours)
smin = str(local_time.tm_min)
if hours < 10:
shours = '0' + shours
if local_time.tm_min < 10:
smin = '0' + smin
# Construct string out of time
dtime.set(shours + ':' + smin)
# Schedule the poll() function for another 500 ms from now
root.after(500, update)
###############################################################################
# Main script
# Create the main window
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("My Clock")
# Create the main container
frame = tk.Frame(root, bg='black')
# Lay out the main container (expand to fit window)
frame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=1)
# Variables for holding temperature and light data
dtime = tk.StringVar()
# Create dynamic font for text
time_dfont = tkFont.Font(family='Courier New', size=font_size)
button_dfont = tkFont.Font(size=font_size)
# Create widgets
label_time = tk.Label( frame,
textvariable=dtime,
font=time_dfont,
fg='red',
bg='black')
button_quit = tk.Button(frame,
text="Quit",
font=button_dfont,
command=root.destroy,
borderwidth=0,
highlightthickness=0,
fg='gray10',
bg='black')
# Lay out widgets in a grid in the frame
label_time.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=20, pady=20)
button_quit.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=5, pady=5, sticky=tk.E)
# Make it so that the grid cells expand out to fill window
frame.rowconfigure(0, weight=10)
frame.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
frame.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
# Bind F11 to toggle fullscreen and ESC to end fullscreen
root.bind('<F11>', toggle_fullscreen)
root.bind('<Escape>', end_fullscreen)
# Have the resize() function be called every time the window is resized
root.bind('<Configure>', resize)
# Schedule the poll() function to be called periodically
root.after(20, update)
# Start in fullscreen mode and run
toggle_fullscreen()
root.mainloop()
Now what I'm trying to figure out is how I can implement their method of going into a full screen display into my program
Thank you :)!
I am not sure if I really understood your question.
I understood you want to change on certain events to full screen. If yes, you just need to change the geometry property of your root. Like for example
master.geometry("{0}x{1}+0+0".format(
master.winfo_screenwidth()-pad, master.winfo_screenheight()-pad))
above code checks for screen size and reduces some distance on w and h to fit in screen. Have a look to below link.
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7966119/display-fullscreen-mode-on-tkinter#:~:text=This%20creates%20a%20fullscreen%20window,geometry%20and%20the%20previous%20geometry.&text=You%20can%20use%20wm_attributes%20instead%20of%20attributes%20%2C%20too.
you can create a function with that call and trigger it on start up or button pressed.
Hope my guess is right and this answers helps.
Cheers
Related
I'm trying to write my first GUI based python program using Tkinter. I have created a base window which holds the menu bar with a couple of options.
One of the options is for a standard 'About' box. When I call the about section with
helpMainMenu.add_command(label="About", command=self.aboutProgram)
It opens the message box, but in a fresh window so there are now two windows showing on the taskbar.
Is there any way to stop it opening a new window and use the main one instead, or is there a better way to do it?
The full code is below
#! /usr/bin/python3
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox
import datetime
timeNow = datetime.datetime.now()
writeYear = 2020 # Enter the year you started writing the program
lineFeed = "\n"
programTitle = "Basic Menu"
programVersion = "Version 1.0.0"
programmerName = " Name (email#gmail.com)"
if timeNow.year > writeYear:
programAuthor = "©" + str(writeYear) + "-" + str(timeNow.year) + programmerName
else:
programAuthor = "©" + str(writeYear) + programmerName
aboutMessage = programTitle + lineFeed + programVersion + lineFeed + programAuthor
class Window(Frame):
def __init__(self, master=None):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.master = master
self.init_window()
def init_window(self):
self.master.title("{} ({})".format(programTitle, programVersion))
self.pack(fill=BOTH, expand=1)
menu = Menu(self.master)
self.master.config(menu=menu)
fileMainMenu = Menu(menu, tearoff=0) #Create the File menu container
fileMainMenu.add_command(label="Exit", command=self.programExit) # File menu option
menu.add_cascade(label="File", menu=fileMainMenu)
helpMainMenu = Menu(menu, tearoff=0) #Create the Help menu container
helpMainMenu.add_command(label="About", command=self.aboutProgram)
menu.add_cascade(label="Help", menu=helpMainMenu)
def programExit(self):
exitMsgBox = messagebox.askquestion ("Exit Application","Are you sure you want to exit the application",icon = "warning")
if exitMsgBox == "yes":
root.destroy()
exit()
def aboutProgram(self):
messagebox.showinfo("About","About the application", icon = "info")
root = Tk() # root window created. Here, that would be the only window, but
windowHeight = int(root.winfo_screenheight()/100*75) # Set the main window height to 75% of the screen height
windowWidth = int(root.winfo_screenwidth()/100*75) # Set the main window width to 75% of the screen width
screenWidth = int(root.winfo_screenwidth())
screenHeight = int(root.winfo_screenheight())
positionRight = int(root.winfo_screenwidth()/2 - windowWidth/2) # Get the screen width and divide by 2, then minus the result of 'windowWidth' divided by 2
positionDown = int(root.winfo_screenheight()/2 - windowHeight/2) # Get the screen height and divide by 2, then minus the result of 'windowHeight' divided by 2
root.geometry("{}x{}+{}+{}".format(windowWidth, windowHeight, positionRight, positionDown)) # Positions the window in the center of the page.
app = Window(root)
root.mainloop()
Python Version 3.7.3
tkinter.TkVersion 8.6
The simplest way would be to create a new frame for the "about" page, and then overlay it on top of the main window with place -- one of the few times when place is superior to grid and pack.
You should also do a "grab" on the frame so that all events are funneled to the frame and its children. With a grab, while the popup is visible you can't interact with the widgets on the main window.
Here's a quick example:
def aboutProgram(self):
# create the frame with a message and a button
# which destroys the window
aboutFrame = Frame(self.master, bd=2, relief="groove")
label = Label(aboutFrame, text="About the application...")
button = Button(aboutFrame, text="Ok", command=aboutFrame.destroy)
label.pack(side="top", padx=20, pady=20)
button.pack(side="bottom", pady=20)
# overlay the "about" page on top of the root window
aboutFrame.place(relx=.5, rely=.5, anchor="c")
# force all events to go to the popup
aboutFrame.grab_set()
If you want to completely hide the contents of the main window, you can change the place arguments to fill the window:
aboutFrame.place(x=0, y=0, anchor="nw", relwidth=1.0, relheight=1.0)
I'm trying to create a simple slideshow using Tkinter and Python 3.7.2. I want the slide show to display images on secondary screen and in fullscreen mode. I have tried to use only one window and two windows as suggested here. This is the code I have written:
import tkinter as tk
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
class App(tk.Tk):
'''Tk window/label adjusts to size of image'''
def __init__(self, image_files, x, y, delay):
# the root will be self
tk.Tk.__init__(self)
# set width. height, x, y position
self.geometry('%dx%d+%d+%d'%(912,1140,0,0)) #Window on main screen
#create second screen window
self.top2 = tk.Toplevel(self,bg="grey85")
self.top2.geometry('%dx%d+%d+%d'%(912,1140,-912,0)) # The resolution of the second screen is 912x1140.
#The screen is on the left of the main screen
self.top2.attributes('-fullscreen', False) #Fullscreen mode
self.pictures = image_files
self.picture_display = tk.Label(self.top2, width=912, height=1140)
self.picture_display.pack()
self.delay = delay
self.index = 1
self.nImages = len(image_files)
def start_acquisition(self):
if self.index == self.nImages+1:
self.destroy()
return
self.load = Image.open(self.pictures[self.index-1])
self.render = ImageTk.PhotoImage(self.load)
self.picture_display['image'] = self.render
self.index += 1
self.after(self.delay, self.start_acquisition)
def run(self):
self.mainloop()
# set milliseconds time between slides
delay = 3500
image_files = [
'1805Circle Test Output.bmp', #images resolution is 912x1140
'8233Circle Test Input.bmp',
'cross.bmp'
]
x = 0 #Not used currently
y = 0 #Not used currently
app = App(image_files, x, y, delay)
app.start_acquisition()
app.run()
print('Finished')
The code works as expected when the fullscreen attribute is "False". As soon as I put this attribute "True" the "top2" window appears on the main screen. The same thing happen if only one window is used. Could you please help me find a solution for this problem? thx
I'm looking for a way to move multiple images together with the background. Moving the background image works fine, but I can't figure out how to add two images on top (they disappear immediately) and then move together with the background. I guess there is an easy way to do that?
I appreciate any hint!
from tkinter import *
import time
tk = Tk()
w = 1000
h = 800
pos = 0
canvas = Canvas(tk, width=w, height=h)
canvas.pack()
tk.update()
background_image = PhotoImage(file="bg.gif")
background_label = Label(tk, image=background_image)
background_label.place(x=0, y=0)
tk.update()
def addImages(files):
for f in files:
image = PhotoImage(file=f)
label = Label(tk, image=image)
label.place(x=files[f][0],y=files[f][1])
tk.update()
def move(xPos):
pos = background_label.winfo_x() - xPos
while background_label.winfo_x() > pos:
background_label.place(x=background_label.winfo_x()-25)
tk.update()
time.sleep(0.001)
img = {"file1.gif": [10,10], "file2.gif": [50,50]}
addImages(img)
move(100)
tk.mainloop()
I'm having difficulty in understanding your code. Why create a canvas and then not use it? You have also littered your code with tk.update(), most of which are unnecessary. But, the described problem is because you create the labels inside a function and the association between label and image gets garbage collected when the function exits. You have to explicitly remember this association:
def addImages(files):
for f in files:
image = PhotoImage(file=f)
label = Label(tk, image=image)
label.image = image # Lets the label remember the image outside the function
label.place(x=files[f][0],y=files[f][1])
If you are then going to move these labels you might want to keep some kind of reference to them or you won't be able to address them.
Complete example
I changed tk to root because tk is the name usually used as alias for tkinter (eg. import tkinter as tk) which gets confusing.
I'm creating a image_list to hold references to the labels containing images. Later I use the list to loop through the labels and move them.
After I have built the GUI I wait 1000 milliseconds before starting the move function. Also I move the images just 1 pixel at a time to clearer see the action.
from tkinter import *
import time
root = Tk()
root.geometry('800x600') # Setting window size instead of usin canvas to do that
pos = 0
background_image = PhotoImage(file="bg.gif")
background_label = Label(root, image=background_image)
background_label.place(x=0, y=0)
image_list = [] # List for holding references to labels with images
def addImages(files):
for f in files:
image = PhotoImage(file=f)
label = Label(root, image=image)
label.image = image # Remember the image outside the function
label.place(x=files[f][0],y=files[f][1])
image_list.append(label) # Append created Label to the list
def move(xPos):
pos = background_label.winfo_x() - xPos
while background_label.winfo_x() > pos:
background_label.place(x=background_label.winfo_x()-1)
for image in image_list: # Loop over labels in list
image.place(x=image.winfo_x()-1) # Move the label
root.update()
time.sleep(0.001)
img = {"file1.gif": [10,10], "file2.gif": [50,50]}
addImages(img)
root.after(1000, move, 100) # Waits 1 second and then moves images
root.mainloop()
By the way; after is a function much preferred over sleep as sleep suspends the program until its finished, whereas after works by making a call after a time and the program runs meanwhile. But if you are ok with that the program freezes during the move, then why not.
I have worked out how to have an image for a button, thats positioned on top of a label (I think I maybe doing it the long-winded way because I can't install PIL on my Mac for some reason). Anyhow, it works as it should to a certain degree - the problem I have is it's adding white space either side, and then the image itself is not displaying its transparent background.
The code I am using is as follows:
from tkinter import *
#from PIL import Image
root = Tk()
#Removes the title bar and places over mac top bar
root.tk.call("::tk::unsupported::MacWindowStyle", "style", root._w, "plain", "none")
# Makes the app full screen
#root.wm_attributes('-fullscreen', 1)
root.geometry('{}x{}'.format(480, 320))
#root.attributes('-topmost', True)
def quitApp():
# mlabel = Label (root, text = 'Close').pack()
root.destroy()
background_img = PhotoImage(file="images/bg.gif")
scanBtn_img = PhotoImage(file="images/scanBtn.gif")
background = Label(root,
compound = CENTER,
quitButton = Button(image=scanBtn_img, command = quitApp).pack(),
image = background_img).pack(side="right")
background.image = background_img # keep a reference!
root.mainloop()
From what I understand tkinter natively supports transparency on images like GIF.
I chopped up your code a little but it does work for me. Maybe there is a problem with how you have set up your code. Your label also has a button in it. I don't think you need to have both. You can just created the button where you want it.
Just for reference I created a Label and a Button packed on different sides with a black background to show the transparency of the image.
Here is the code I used to test a gif I have that has transparency. I tested this on both python 3.6 and 2.7 just in case.
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
def quitApp():
root.destroy()
background_img = PhotoImage(file="Colors/sa.gif")
scanBtn_img = PhotoImage(file="Colors/sa.gif")
background = Label(root,bg='black', image = background_img).pack(side = RIGHT)
quitButton = Button(bg='black', image=scanBtn_img, command = quitApp).pack(side = LEFT)
backgroundimage = background_img # keep a reference!
root.mainloop()
Update: I used the gif you link in the comment
Here is the result.
Update:
After doing some more digging I found what might work for Mac OS:
I don't have a Mac to test on right now so let me know if this works for you:
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
# Hide the root window drag bar and close button
root.overrideredirect(True)
# Make the root window always on top
root.wm_attributes("-topmost", True)
# Make the window content area transparent
root.wm_attributes("-transparent", True)
# Set the root window background color to a transparent color
root.config(bg='systemTransparent')
def quitApp():
root.destroy()
background_img = PhotoImage(file="Colors/1.gif")
scanBtn_img = PhotoImage(file="Colors/1.gif")
background = Label(root,bg='black', image = background_img)
background.pack(side = RIGHT)
background.config(bg='systemTransparent')
quitButton = Button(bg='black', image=scanBtn_img, command = quitApp)
quitButton.pack(side = LEFT)
quitButton.config(bg='systemTransparent')
backgroundimage = background_img # keep a reference!
root.mainloop()
So I'm trying to make a little battle scene using Tkinter, the code is supposed to change the image, wait a couple of seconds, then exit the Tkinter window. The code I have just makes a little pause when the button to change images is pressed. I'm still a beginner and some concepts are hard for me to grasp.
Here is the code:
from tkinter import *
import time
class MainWindow():
def __init__(self, main):
# canvas for image
self.canvas = Canvas(main, width=660, height=440)
self.canvas.grid(row=0, column=0)
# images
self.my_images = []
self.my_images.append(PhotoImage(file = "att1.gif"))
self.my_images.append(PhotoImage(file = "att2.gif"))
self.my_image_number = 0
# set first image on canvas
self.image_on_canvas = self.canvas.create_image(0, 0, anchor = NW, image = self.my_images[self.my_image_number])
# button to change image
self.button = Button(main, text="FIGHT", command=self.onButton)
self.button.grid(row=1, column=0)
#----------------
def onButton(self):
# next image
self.my_image_number = 1
if self.my_image_number == 1:
time.sleep(2)
root.quit()
# change image
self.canvas.itemconfig(self.image_on_canvas, image = self.my_images[self.my_image_number])
root = Tk()
MainWindow(root)
root.mainloop()
some of this code is borrowed, I tried to alter it to fit my purpose
The image is not changed because time.sleep(2) blocks tkinter update. After the sleep, tkinter quit and so the image is not updated.
Since you have only 2 images and you want to exit the tkinter window 2 seconds after the change of image, try:
def onButton(self):
self.canvas.itemconfig(self.image_on_canvas, image=self.my_images[1])
root.after(2000, root.destroy) # close root window after 2 seconds