Develop Reference

How Can I create a dynamic rectangle in pygame from botton to top? [duplicate]

I'm making a game that requires knowing how to draw a rectangle in Python (3.2).
I have checked lot of sources but none show exactly how to do it.

import pygame, sys
from pygame.locals import *
def main():
pygame.init()
DISPLAY=pygame.display.set_mode((500,400),0,32)
WHITE=(255,255,255)
BLUE=(0,0,255)
DISPLAY.fill(WHITE)
pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAY,BLUE,(200,150,100,50))
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type==QUIT:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
pygame.display.update()
main()
This creates a simple window 500 pixels by 400 pixels that is white. Within the window will be a blue rectangle. You need to use the pygame.draw.rect to go about this, and you add the DISPLAY constant to add it to the screen, the variable blue to make it blue (blue is a tuple that values which equate to blue in the RGB values and it's coordinates.
Look up pygame.org for more info

here's how:
import pygame
screen=pygame.display.set_mode([640, 480])
screen.fill([255, 255, 255])
red=255
blue=0
green=0
left=50
top=50
width=90
height=90
filled=0
pygame.draw.rect(screen, [red, blue, green], [left, top, width, height], filled)
pygame.display.flip()
running=True
while running:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type==pygame.QUIT:
running=False
pygame.quit()

Have you tried this:
PyGame Drawing Basics
Taken from the site:
pygame.draw.rect(screen, color, (x,y,width,height), thickness) draws a rectangle (x,y,width,height) is a Python tuple x,y are the coordinates of the upper left hand corner width, height are the width and height of the rectangle thickness is the thickness of the line. If it is zero, the rectangle is filled

With the module pygame.draw shapes like rectangles, circles, polygons, liens, ellipses or arcs can be drawn. Some examples:
pygame.draw.rect draws filled rectangular shapes or outlines. The arguments are the target Surface (i.s. the display), the color, the rectangle and the optional outline width. The rectangle argument is a tuple with the 4 components (x, y, width, height), where (x, y) is the upper left point of the rectangle. Alternatively, the argument can be a pygame.Rect object:
pygame.draw.rect(window, color, (x, y, width, height))
rectangle = pygame.Rect(x, y, width, height)
pygame.draw.rect(window, color, rectangle)
pygame.draw.circle draws filled circles or outlines. The arguments are the target Surface (i.s. the display), the color, the center, the radius and the optional outline width. The center argument is a tuple with the 2 components (x, y):
pygame.draw.circle(window, color, (x, y), radius)
pygame.draw.polygon draws filled polygons or contours. The arguments are the target Surface (i.s. the display), the color, a list of points and the optional contour width. Each point is a tuple with the 2 components (x, y):
pygame.draw.polygon(window, color, [(x1, y1), (x2, y2), (x3, y3)])
Minimal example: repl.it/#Rabbid76/PyGame-Shapes
import pygame
pygame.init()
window = pygame.display.set_mode((200, 200))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
run = True
while run:
clock.tick(60)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
window.fill((255, 255, 255))
pygame.draw.rect(window, (0, 0, 255), (20, 20, 160, 160))
pygame.draw.circle(window, (255, 0, 0), (100, 100), 80)
pygame.draw.polygon(window, (255, 255, 0),
[(100, 20), (100 + 0.8660 * 80, 140), (100 - 0.8660 * 80, 140)])
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.quit()
exit()

Minimum work would be:
# Importing the library
import pygame
# Initializing Pygame
pygame.init()
# Initializing surface
surface = pygame.display.set_mode((400,300))
# Initializing color
color = (255,0,0)
# Drawing Rectangle
pygame.draw.rect(surface, color, pygame.Rect(30, 30, 60, 60))
pygame.display.flip()
Source

There is an easier way to use pygame.draw.rect():
pygame.draw.rect(surface/screen, color, [x,y,width,height])
Then just remember to update the display.

How to add particle trailing effect in pygame window? [duplicate]

How can I draw a rectangle that has a color with an alpha?
I have:
windowSurface = pygame.display.set_mode((1000, 750), pygame.DOUBLEBUF)
pygame.draw.rect(windowSurface, pygame.Color(255, 255, 255, 128), pygame.Rect(0, 0, 1000, 750))
But I want the white rectangle to be 50% transparent, but the alpha value doesn't appear to be working.

pygame.draw functions will not draw with alpha. The documentation says:
Most of the arguments accept a color argument that is an RGB triplet. These can also accept an RGBA quadruplet. The alpha value will be written directly into the Surface if it contains pixel alphas, but the draw function will not draw transparently.
What you can do is create a second surface and then blit it to the screen. Blitting will do alpha blending and color keys. Also, you can specify alpha at the surface level (faster and less memory) or at the pixel level (slower but more precise). You can do either:
s = pygame.Surface((1000,750)) # the size of your rect
s.set_alpha(128) # alpha level
s.fill((255,255,255)) # this fills the entire surface
windowSurface.blit(s, (0,0)) # (0,0) are the top-left coordinates
or,
s = pygame.Surface((1000,750), pygame.SRCALPHA) # per-pixel alpha
s.fill((255,255,255,128)) # notice the alpha value in the color
windowSurface.blit(s, (0,0))
Keep in mind in the first case, that anything else you draw to s will get blitted with the alpha value you specify. So if you're using this to draw overlay controls for example, you might be better off using the second alternative.
Also, consider using pygame.HWSURFACE to create the surface hardware-accelerated.
Check the Surface docs at the pygame site, especially the intro.

Unfortunately there is no good way to draw a transparent shape. See pygame.draw module:
A color's alpha value will be written directly into the surface [...], but the draw function will not draw transparently.
So you can't draw transparent shapes directly with the 'pygame.draw' module. The 'pygame.draw' module does not blend the shape with the target surface. You have to draw the shape on a surface (with RGBA format). Then you can blit (and thus blend) this surface. See Draw a transparent rectangles and polygons in pygame. Hence you need to do a workaround:
Create a pygame.Surface object with a per-pixel alpha format large enough to cover the shape.
Draw the shape on the _Surface.
Blend the Surface with the target Surface. blit() by default blends 2 Surfaces
For example 3 functions, which can draw transparent rectangles, circles and polygons:
def draw_rect_alpha(surface, color, rect):
shape_surf = pygame.Surface(pygame.Rect(rect).size, pygame.SRCALPHA)
pygame.draw.rect(shape_surf, color, shape_surf.get_rect())
surface.blit(shape_surf, rect)
def draw_circle_alpha(surface, color, center, radius):
target_rect = pygame.Rect(center, (0, 0)).inflate((radius * 2, radius * 2))
shape_surf = pygame.Surface(target_rect.size, pygame.SRCALPHA)
pygame.draw.circle(shape_surf, color, (radius, radius), radius)
surface.blit(shape_surf, target_rect)
def draw_polygon_alpha(surface, color, points):
lx, ly = zip(*points)
min_x, min_y, max_x, max_y = min(lx), min(ly), max(lx), max(ly)
target_rect = pygame.Rect(min_x, min_y, max_x - min_x, max_y - min_y)
shape_surf = pygame.Surface(target_rect.size, pygame.SRCALPHA)
pygame.draw.polygon(shape_surf, color, [(x - min_x, y - min_y) for x, y in points])
surface.blit(shape_surf, target_rect)
Minimal example: repl.it/#Rabbid76/PyGame-TransparentShapes
import pygame
def draw_rect_alpha(surface, color, rect):
shape_surf = pygame.Surface(pygame.Rect(rect).size, pygame.SRCALPHA)
pygame.draw.rect(shape_surf, color, shape_surf.get_rect())
surface.blit(shape_surf, rect)
def draw_circle_alpha(surface, color, center, radius):
target_rect = pygame.Rect(center, (0, 0)).inflate((radius * 2, radius * 2))
shape_surf = pygame.Surface(target_rect.size, pygame.SRCALPHA)
pygame.draw.circle(shape_surf, color, (radius, radius), radius)
surface.blit(shape_surf, target_rect)
def draw_polygon_alpha(surface, color, points):
lx, ly = zip(*points)
min_x, min_y, max_x, max_y = min(lx), min(ly), max(lx), max(ly)
target_rect = pygame.Rect(min_x, min_y, max_x - min_x, max_y - min_y)
shape_surf = pygame.Surface(target_rect.size, pygame.SRCALPHA)
pygame.draw.polygon(shape_surf, color, [(x - min_x, y - min_y) for x, y in points])
surface.blit(shape_surf, target_rect)
pygame.init()
window = pygame.display.set_mode((250, 250))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
background = pygame.Surface(window.get_size())
ts, w, h, c1, c2 = 50, *window.get_size(), (160, 160, 160), (192, 192, 192)
tiles = [((x*ts, y*ts, ts, ts), c1 if (x+y) % 2 == 0 else c2) for x in range((w+ts-1)//ts) for y in range((h+ts-1)//ts)]
for rect, color in tiles:
pygame.draw.rect(background, color, rect)
run = True
while run:
clock.tick(60)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
window.blit(background, (0, 0))
draw_rect_alpha(window, (0, 0, 255, 127), (55, 90, 140, 140))
draw_circle_alpha(window, (255, 0, 0, 127), (150, 100), 80)
draw_polygon_alpha(window, (255, 255, 0, 127),
[(100, 10), (100 + 0.8660 * 90, 145), (100 - 0.8660 * 90, 145)])
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.quit()
exit()

the most i can do to help you is to show you how to draw a rectangle that is not filled in.
the line for the rectangle is:
pygame.draw.rect(surface, [255, 0, 0], [50, 50, 90, 180], 1)
the "1" means that it is not filled in

A way to do this is to instead of drawing a rectangle with pygame, you could create an image of a transparent rectangle by using a drawing program such as paint.net or Fire Alpaca.

Why does pygame's draw rect function throw an ValueError when given a tuple as the color argument? [duplicate]

I'm making a game that requires knowing how to draw a rectangle in Python (3.2).
I have checked lot of sources but none show exactly how to do it.

import pygame, sys
from pygame.locals import *
def main():
pygame.init()
DISPLAY=pygame.display.set_mode((500,400),0,32)
WHITE=(255,255,255)
BLUE=(0,0,255)
DISPLAY.fill(WHITE)
pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAY,BLUE,(200,150,100,50))
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type==QUIT:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
pygame.display.update()
main()
This creates a simple window 500 pixels by 400 pixels that is white. Within the window will be a blue rectangle. You need to use the pygame.draw.rect to go about this, and you add the DISPLAY constant to add it to the screen, the variable blue to make it blue (blue is a tuple that values which equate to blue in the RGB values and it's coordinates.
Look up pygame.org for more info

here's how:
import pygame
screen=pygame.display.set_mode([640, 480])
screen.fill([255, 255, 255])
red=255
blue=0
green=0
left=50
top=50
width=90
height=90
filled=0
pygame.draw.rect(screen, [red, blue, green], [left, top, width, height], filled)
pygame.display.flip()
running=True
while running:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type==pygame.QUIT:
running=False
pygame.quit()

Have you tried this:
PyGame Drawing Basics
Taken from the site:
pygame.draw.rect(screen, color, (x,y,width,height), thickness) draws a rectangle (x,y,width,height) is a Python tuple x,y are the coordinates of the upper left hand corner width, height are the width and height of the rectangle thickness is the thickness of the line. If it is zero, the rectangle is filled

With the module pygame.draw shapes like rectangles, circles, polygons, liens, ellipses or arcs can be drawn. Some examples:
pygame.draw.rect draws filled rectangular shapes or outlines. The arguments are the target Surface (i.s. the display), the color, the rectangle and the optional outline width. The rectangle argument is a tuple with the 4 components (x, y, width, height), where (x, y) is the upper left point of the rectangle. Alternatively, the argument can be a pygame.Rect object:
pygame.draw.rect(window, color, (x, y, width, height))
rectangle = pygame.Rect(x, y, width, height)
pygame.draw.rect(window, color, rectangle)
pygame.draw.circle draws filled circles or outlines. The arguments are the target Surface (i.s. the display), the color, the center, the radius and the optional outline width. The center argument is a tuple with the 2 components (x, y):
pygame.draw.circle(window, color, (x, y), radius)
pygame.draw.polygon draws filled polygons or contours. The arguments are the target Surface (i.s. the display), the color, a list of points and the optional contour width. Each point is a tuple with the 2 components (x, y):
pygame.draw.polygon(window, color, [(x1, y1), (x2, y2), (x3, y3)])
Minimal example: repl.it/#Rabbid76/PyGame-Shapes
import pygame
pygame.init()
window = pygame.display.set_mode((200, 200))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
run = True
while run:
clock.tick(60)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
window.fill((255, 255, 255))
pygame.draw.rect(window, (0, 0, 255), (20, 20, 160, 160))
pygame.draw.circle(window, (255, 0, 0), (100, 100), 80)
pygame.draw.polygon(window, (255, 255, 0),
[(100, 20), (100 + 0.8660 * 80, 140), (100 - 0.8660 * 80, 140)])
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.quit()
exit()

Minimum work would be:
# Importing the library
import pygame
# Initializing Pygame
pygame.init()
# Initializing surface
surface = pygame.display.set_mode((400,300))
# Initializing color
color = (255,0,0)
# Drawing Rectangle
pygame.draw.rect(surface, color, pygame.Rect(30, 30, 60, 60))
pygame.display.flip()
Source

There is an easier way to use pygame.draw.rect():
pygame.draw.rect(surface/screen, color, [x,y,width,height])
Then just remember to update the display.

Pygame Drawing a Rectangle

I'm making a game that requires knowing how to draw a rectangle in Python (3.2).
I have checked lot of sources but none show exactly how to do it.

import pygame, sys
from pygame.locals import *
def main():
pygame.init()
DISPLAY=pygame.display.set_mode((500,400),0,32)
WHITE=(255,255,255)
BLUE=(0,0,255)
DISPLAY.fill(WHITE)
pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAY,BLUE,(200,150,100,50))
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type==QUIT:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
pygame.display.update()
main()
This creates a simple window 500 pixels by 400 pixels that is white. Within the window will be a blue rectangle. You need to use the pygame.draw.rect to go about this, and you add the DISPLAY constant to add it to the screen, the variable blue to make it blue (blue is a tuple that values which equate to blue in the RGB values and it's coordinates.
Look up pygame.org for more info

here's how:
import pygame
screen=pygame.display.set_mode([640, 480])
screen.fill([255, 255, 255])
red=255
blue=0
green=0
left=50
top=50
width=90
height=90
filled=0
pygame.draw.rect(screen, [red, blue, green], [left, top, width, height], filled)
pygame.display.flip()
running=True
while running:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type==pygame.QUIT:
running=False
pygame.quit()

Have you tried this:
PyGame Drawing Basics
Taken from the site:
pygame.draw.rect(screen, color, (x,y,width,height), thickness) draws a rectangle (x,y,width,height) is a Python tuple x,y are the coordinates of the upper left hand corner width, height are the width and height of the rectangle thickness is the thickness of the line. If it is zero, the rectangle is filled

With the module pygame.draw shapes like rectangles, circles, polygons, liens, ellipses or arcs can be drawn. Some examples:
pygame.draw.rect draws filled rectangular shapes or outlines. The arguments are the target Surface (i.s. the display), the color, the rectangle and the optional outline width. The rectangle argument is a tuple with the 4 components (x, y, width, height), where (x, y) is the upper left point of the rectangle. Alternatively, the argument can be a pygame.Rect object:
pygame.draw.rect(window, color, (x, y, width, height))
rectangle = pygame.Rect(x, y, width, height)
pygame.draw.rect(window, color, rectangle)
pygame.draw.circle draws filled circles or outlines. The arguments are the target Surface (i.s. the display), the color, the center, the radius and the optional outline width. The center argument is a tuple with the 2 components (x, y):
pygame.draw.circle(window, color, (x, y), radius)
pygame.draw.polygon draws filled polygons or contours. The arguments are the target Surface (i.s. the display), the color, a list of points and the optional contour width. Each point is a tuple with the 2 components (x, y):
pygame.draw.polygon(window, color, [(x1, y1), (x2, y2), (x3, y3)])
Minimal example: repl.it/#Rabbid76/PyGame-Shapes
import pygame
pygame.init()
window = pygame.display.set_mode((200, 200))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
run = True
while run:
clock.tick(60)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
window.fill((255, 255, 255))
pygame.draw.rect(window, (0, 0, 255), (20, 20, 160, 160))
pygame.draw.circle(window, (255, 0, 0), (100, 100), 80)
pygame.draw.polygon(window, (255, 255, 0),
[(100, 20), (100 + 0.8660 * 80, 140), (100 - 0.8660 * 80, 140)])
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.quit()
exit()

Minimum work would be:
# Importing the library
import pygame
# Initializing Pygame
pygame.init()
# Initializing surface
surface = pygame.display.set_mode((400,300))
# Initializing color
color = (255,0,0)
# Drawing Rectangle
pygame.draw.rect(surface, color, pygame.Rect(30, 30, 60, 60))
pygame.display.flip()
Source

There is an easier way to use pygame.draw.rect():
pygame.draw.rect(surface/screen, color, [x,y,width,height])
Then just remember to update the display.

Draw a transparent rectangles and polygons in pygame

How can I draw a rectangle that has a color with an alpha?
I have:
windowSurface = pygame.display.set_mode((1000, 750), pygame.DOUBLEBUF)
pygame.draw.rect(windowSurface, pygame.Color(255, 255, 255, 128), pygame.Rect(0, 0, 1000, 750))
But I want the white rectangle to be 50% transparent, but the alpha value doesn't appear to be working.

pygame.draw functions will not draw with alpha. The documentation says:
Most of the arguments accept a color argument that is an RGB triplet. These can also accept an RGBA quadruplet. The alpha value will be written directly into the Surface if it contains pixel alphas, but the draw function will not draw transparently.
What you can do is create a second surface and then blit it to the screen. Blitting will do alpha blending and color keys. Also, you can specify alpha at the surface level (faster and less memory) or at the pixel level (slower but more precise). You can do either:
s = pygame.Surface((1000,750)) # the size of your rect
s.set_alpha(128) # alpha level
s.fill((255,255,255)) # this fills the entire surface
windowSurface.blit(s, (0,0)) # (0,0) are the top-left coordinates
or,
s = pygame.Surface((1000,750), pygame.SRCALPHA) # per-pixel alpha
s.fill((255,255,255,128)) # notice the alpha value in the color
windowSurface.blit(s, (0,0))
Keep in mind in the first case, that anything else you draw to s will get blitted with the alpha value you specify. So if you're using this to draw overlay controls for example, you might be better off using the second alternative.
Also, consider using pygame.HWSURFACE to create the surface hardware-accelerated.
Check the Surface docs at the pygame site, especially the intro.

Unfortunately there is no good way to draw a transparent shape. See pygame.draw module:
A color's alpha value will be written directly into the surface [...], but the draw function will not draw transparently.
So you can't draw transparent shapes directly with the 'pygame.draw' module. The 'pygame.draw' module does not blend the shape with the target surface. You have to draw the shape on a surface (with RGBA format). Then you can blit (and thus blend) this surface. See Draw a transparent rectangles and polygons in pygame. Hence you need to do a workaround:
Create a pygame.Surface object with a per-pixel alpha format large enough to cover the shape.
Draw the shape on the _Surface.
Blend the Surface with the target Surface. blit() by default blends 2 Surfaces
For example 3 functions, which can draw transparent rectangles, circles and polygons:
def draw_rect_alpha(surface, color, rect):
shape_surf = pygame.Surface(pygame.Rect(rect).size, pygame.SRCALPHA)
pygame.draw.rect(shape_surf, color, shape_surf.get_rect())
surface.blit(shape_surf, rect)
def draw_circle_alpha(surface, color, center, radius):
target_rect = pygame.Rect(center, (0, 0)).inflate((radius * 2, radius * 2))
shape_surf = pygame.Surface(target_rect.size, pygame.SRCALPHA)
pygame.draw.circle(shape_surf, color, (radius, radius), radius)
surface.blit(shape_surf, target_rect)
def draw_polygon_alpha(surface, color, points):
lx, ly = zip(*points)
min_x, min_y, max_x, max_y = min(lx), min(ly), max(lx), max(ly)
target_rect = pygame.Rect(min_x, min_y, max_x - min_x, max_y - min_y)
shape_surf = pygame.Surface(target_rect.size, pygame.SRCALPHA)
pygame.draw.polygon(shape_surf, color, [(x - min_x, y - min_y) for x, y in points])
surface.blit(shape_surf, target_rect)
Minimal example: repl.it/#Rabbid76/PyGame-TransparentShapes
import pygame
def draw_rect_alpha(surface, color, rect):
shape_surf = pygame.Surface(pygame.Rect(rect).size, pygame.SRCALPHA)
pygame.draw.rect(shape_surf, color, shape_surf.get_rect())
surface.blit(shape_surf, rect)
def draw_circle_alpha(surface, color, center, radius):
target_rect = pygame.Rect(center, (0, 0)).inflate((radius * 2, radius * 2))
shape_surf = pygame.Surface(target_rect.size, pygame.SRCALPHA)
pygame.draw.circle(shape_surf, color, (radius, radius), radius)
surface.blit(shape_surf, target_rect)
def draw_polygon_alpha(surface, color, points):
lx, ly = zip(*points)
min_x, min_y, max_x, max_y = min(lx), min(ly), max(lx), max(ly)
target_rect = pygame.Rect(min_x, min_y, max_x - min_x, max_y - min_y)
shape_surf = pygame.Surface(target_rect.size, pygame.SRCALPHA)
pygame.draw.polygon(shape_surf, color, [(x - min_x, y - min_y) for x, y in points])
surface.blit(shape_surf, target_rect)
pygame.init()
window = pygame.display.set_mode((250, 250))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
background = pygame.Surface(window.get_size())
ts, w, h, c1, c2 = 50, *window.get_size(), (160, 160, 160), (192, 192, 192)
tiles = [((x*ts, y*ts, ts, ts), c1 if (x+y) % 2 == 0 else c2) for x in range((w+ts-1)//ts) for y in range((h+ts-1)//ts)]
for rect, color in tiles:
pygame.draw.rect(background, color, rect)
run = True
while run:
clock.tick(60)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
window.blit(background, (0, 0))
draw_rect_alpha(window, (0, 0, 255, 127), (55, 90, 140, 140))
draw_circle_alpha(window, (255, 0, 0, 127), (150, 100), 80)
draw_polygon_alpha(window, (255, 255, 0, 127),
[(100, 10), (100 + 0.8660 * 90, 145), (100 - 0.8660 * 90, 145)])
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.quit()
exit()

the most i can do to help you is to show you how to draw a rectangle that is not filled in.
the line for the rectangle is:
pygame.draw.rect(surface, [255, 0, 0], [50, 50, 90, 180], 1)
the "1" means that it is not filled in

A way to do this is to instead of drawing a rectangle with pygame, you could create an image of a transparent rectangle by using a drawing program such as paint.net or Fire Alpaca.