Fitting a line through 3D x,y,z scatter plot data - python

I have a handful of data points that cluster along a line in 3d space. I have the x,y,z data in a csv file that I want to import. I would like to find an equation that represents that line, or the plane perpendicular to that line, or whatever is mathematically correct. These data are independent of each other. Maybe there are better ways to do this than what I tried to do but...
I attempted to replicate an old post here that seemed to be doing exactly what I'm trying to do
Fitting a line in 3D
but it seems that maybe updates over the past decade have left the second part of the code not working? Or maybe I'm just doing something wrong. I've included the entire thing that I frankensteined together from this at the bottom. There are two lines that seem to be giving me a problem.
I've snippeted them out here...
import numpy as np
pts = np.add.accumulate(np.random.random((10,3)))
x,y,z = pts.T
# this will find the slope and x-intercept of a plane
# parallel to the y-axis that best fits the data
A_xz = np.vstack((x, np.ones(len(x)))).T
m_xz, c_xz = np.linalg.lstsq(A_xz, z)[0]
# again for a plane parallel to the x-axis
A_yz = np.vstack((y, np.ones(len(y)))).T
m_yz, c_yz = np.linalg.lstsq(A_yz, z)[0]
# the intersection of those two planes and
# the function for the line would be:
# z = m_yz * y + c_yz
# z = m_xz * x + c_xz
# or:
def lin(z):
x = (z - c_xz)/m_xz
y = (z - c_yz)/m_yz
return x,y
#verifying:
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig = plt.figure()
ax = Axes3D(fig)
zz = np.linspace(0,5)
xx,yy = lin(zz)
ax.scatter(x, y, z)
ax.plot(xx,yy,zz)
plt.savefig('test.png')
plt.show()
They return this, but no values...
FutureWarning: rcond parameter will change to the default of machine precision times max(M, N) where M and N are the input matrix dimensions.
To use the future default and silence this warning we advise to pass rcond=None, to keep using the old, explicitly pass rcond=-1.
m_xz, c_xz = np.linalg.lstsq(A_xz, z)[0]
FutureWarning: rcond parameter will change to the default of machine precision times max(M, N) where M and N are the input matrix dimensions.
To use the future default and silence this warning we advise to pass rcond=None, to keep using the old, explicitly pass rcond=-1.
m_yz, c_yz = np.linalg.lstsq(A_yz, z)[0]
I don't know where to go from here. I don't even actually need the plot, I just needed an equation and am ill-equipped to move forward. If anyone knows an easier way to do this, or can point me in the right direction, I'm willing to learn, but I'm very, very lost. Thank you in advance!!
Here is my entire frankensteined code in case that is what is causing the issue.
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
mydataset = pd.read_csv('line1.csv')
x = mydataset.iloc[:,0]
y = mydataset.iloc[:,1]
z = mydataset.iloc[:,2]
data = np.concatenate((x[:, np.newaxis],
y[:, np.newaxis],
z[:, np.newaxis]),
axis=1)
# Calculate the mean of the points, i.e. the 'center' of the cloud
datamean = data.mean(axis=0)
# Do an SVD on the mean-centered data.
uu, dd, vv = np.linalg.svd(data - datamean)
# Now vv[0] contains the first principal component, i.e. the direction
# vector of the 'best fit' line in the least squares sense.
# Now generate some points along this best fit line, for plotting.
# we want it to have mean 0 (like the points we did
# the svd on). Also, it's a straight line, so we only need 2 points.
linepts = vv[0] * np.mgrid[-100:100:2j][:, np.newaxis]
# shift by the mean to get the line in the right place
linepts += datamean
# Verify that everything looks right.
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import mpl_toolkits.mplot3d as m3d
ax = m3d.Axes3D(plt.figure())
ax.scatter3D(*data.T)
ax.plot3D(*linepts.T)
plt.show()
# this will find the slope and x-intercept of a plane
# parallel to the y-axis that best fits the data
A_xz = np.vstack((x, np.ones(len(x)))).T
m_xz, c_xz = np.linalg.lstsq(A_xz, z)[0]
# again for a plane parallel to the x-axis
A_yz = np.vstack((y, np.ones(len(y)))).T
m_yz, c_yz = np.linalg.lstsq(A_yz, z)[0]
# the intersection of those two planes and
# the function for the line would be:
# z = m_yz * y + c_yz
# z = m_xz * x + c_xz
# or:
def lin(z):
x = (z - c_xz)/m_xz
y = (z - c_yz)/m_yz
return x,y
print(x,y)
#verifying:
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig = plt.figure()
ax = Axes3D(fig)
zz = np.linspace(0,5)
xx,yy = lin(zz)
ax.scatter(x, y, z)
ax.plot(xx,yy,zz)
plt.savefig('test.png')
plt.show()

As was proposed in the old post you refer to, you could also make use of principal component analysis instead of a least squares approach. For that I suggest sklearn.decomposition.PCA from the sklearn package.
An example can be found below using the csv-file you provided.
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from sklearn.decomposition import PCA
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
mydataset = pd.read_csv('line1.csv')
x = mydataset.iloc[:,0]
y = mydataset.iloc[:,1]
z = mydataset.iloc[:,2]
coords = np.array((x, y, z)).T
pca = PCA(n_components=1)
pca.fit(coords)
direction_vector = pca.components_
print(direction_vector)
# Create plot
origin = np.mean(coords, axis=0)
euclidian_distance = np.linalg.norm(coords - origin, axis=1)
extent = np.max(euclidian_distance)
line = np.vstack((origin - direction_vector * extent,
origin + direction_vector * extent))
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
ax.scatter(coords[:, 0], coords[:, 1], coords[:,2])
ax.plot(line[:, 0], line[:, 1], line[:, 2], 'r')

You can get rid of the complaint from leastsquares by adding rcond=None like this:
m_xz, c_xz = np.linalg.lstsq(A_xz, z, rcond=None)[0]
Is this the right decision for your situation? I have no idea. But there's more about it in the docs.
When I run your code with your inputs it seems to run just fine and I get values assigned to m_xz, c_xz, etc. If you don't call them explicitly with print('m_xz') (or whatever) then you won't see them.
m_xz
Out[42]: 5.186132604596112
c_xz
Out[43]: 62.5764694106141
Also, you reference your data in kind of two different ways. You get x, y, and z from your csv, but also put it into a numpy array. You can get rid of the duplication and pandas by just using numpy:
data = np.genfromtxt('line1.csv', delimiter=',', skip_header=1)
x = data[:,0]
y = data[:,1]
z = data[:,2]

Related

Recover the time shift from nympy.correlate result in Python

This is not a duplicate question since other answers only explain how to plot the cross-correlation function and do not explain how you can get the time difference.
Given a sin signal and shifted version, we should be able to get the time delay between them.
I have created a sin signal and shifted it by t_d=0.05. The following is my code and its output:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fs = 1000
x = np.linspace(0, 1, fs)
f = 5
t_shift = 0.05
y = np.sin(2*np.pi*f*x)
y_shifted = np.sin(2*np.pi*f*(x-t_shift))
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.plot(x, y, x, y_shifted)
plt.show()
By normalizing signals and applying numpy.correlate we get the following:
y_norm = (y-y.mean())/y.std()
y_shifted_norm = (y_shifted - y_shifted.mean())/y_shifted.std()
cc = np.correlate(y_norm, y_shifted_norm, 'full')
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.plot(range(len(cc)), cc)
plt.show()
Question
From the indices of cross-correlation function, how can I get t_shift=0.05?
#Sepide. It seems to me as if you are trying to maximise the correlation between the signal y and a shifted version of y_shifted. This might be accomplished using np.correlate() but it seems nontrivial indeed to recover the time shifts in the signals. In the solution below I manually shift the time series and compute the correlation coefficient using np.corrcoef. As soon as this Pearson correlation coefficient equals 1, the two signals are aligned.
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# Setting
fs = 1000
x = np.linspace(0, 1, fs)
f = 5
t_shift = 0.05
t_step = 1/fs
# Data
y = np.sin(2*np.pi*f*x)
y_shifted = np.sin(2*np.pi*f*(x-t_shift))
# Compute correlation
MaxTimeShift = 200
CorrelationList = np.empty((MaxTimeShift,1));
CorrelationList[:] = np.NaN
# Compute correlation for various shifts
for iter in range(MaxTimeShift):
CorrelationList[iter] = np.corrcoef( y[0:801].T, y_shifted[iter:(801+iter)].T)[0,1]
# Plot 1
plt.figure(1)
plt.plot(x, y, x, y_shifted)
plt.show()
# Plot 2
plt.figure(2)
ShiftList = t_step*np.arange(MaxTimeShift)
plt.plot(ShiftList, CorrelationList)
plt.title("Correlation coefficient")
plt.show()
print("The time shift between the signals is: ", ShiftList[np.argmax(CorrelationList)])

Flow visualisation in python using curved (path-following) vectors

I would like to plot a vector field with curved arrows in python, as can be done in vfplot (see below) or IDL.
You can get close in matplotlib, but using quiver() limits you to straight vectors (see below left) whereas streamplot() doesn't seem to permit meaningful control over arrow length or arrowhead position (see below right), even when changing integration_direction, density, and maxlength.
So, is there a python library that can do this? Or is there a way of getting matplotlib to do it?
If you look at the streamplot.py that is included in matplotlib, on lines 196 - 202 (ish, idk if this has changed between versions - I'm on matplotlib 2.1.2) we see the following:
... (to line 195)
# Add arrows half way along each trajectory.
s = np.cumsum(np.sqrt(np.diff(tx) ** 2 + np.diff(ty) ** 2))
n = np.searchsorted(s, s[-1] / 2.)
arrow_tail = (tx[n], ty[n])
arrow_head = (np.mean(tx[n:n + 2]), np.mean(ty[n:n + 2]))
... (after line 196)
changing that part to this will do the trick (changing assignment of n):
... (to line 195)
# Add arrows half way along each trajectory.
s = np.cumsum(np.sqrt(np.diff(tx) ** 2 + np.diff(ty) ** 2))
n = np.searchsorted(s, s[-1]) ### THIS IS THE EDITED LINE! ###
arrow_tail = (tx[n], ty[n])
arrow_head = (np.mean(tx[n:n + 2]), np.mean(ty[n:n + 2]))
... (after line 196)
If you modify this to put the arrow at the end, then you could generate the arrows more to your liking.
Additionally, from the docs at the top of the function, we see the following:
*linewidth* : numeric or 2d array
vary linewidth when given a 2d array with the same shape as velocities.
The linewidth can be a numpy.ndarray, and if you can pre-calculate the desired width of your arrows, you'll be able to modify the pencil width while drawing the arrows. It looks like this part has already been done for you.
So, in combination with shortening the arrows maxlength, increasing the density, and adding start_points, as well as tweaking the function to put the arrow at the end instead of the middle, you could get your desired graph.
With these modifications, and the following code, I was able to get a result much closer to what you wanted:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.gridspec as gridspec
import matplotlib.patches as pat
w = 3
Y, X = np.mgrid[-w:w:100j, -w:w:100j]
U = -1 - X**2 + Y
V = 1 + X - Y**2
speed = np.sqrt(U*U + V*V)
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(14, 18))
gs = gridspec.GridSpec(nrows=3, ncols=2, height_ratios=[1, 1, 2])
grains = 10
tmp = tuple([x]*grains for x in np.linspace(-2, 2, grains))
xs = []
for x in tmp:
xs += x
ys = tuple(np.linspace(-2, 2, grains))*grains
seed_points = np.array([list(xs), list(ys)])
# Varying color along a streamline
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, 1])
strm = ax1.streamplot(X, Y, U, V, color=U, linewidth=np.array(5*np.random.random_sample((100, 100))**2 + 1), cmap='winter', density=10,
minlength=0.001, maxlength = 0.07, arrowstyle='fancy',
integration_direction='forward', start_points = seed_points.T)
fig.colorbar(strm.lines)
ax1.set_title('Varying Color')
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()
tl;dr: go copy the source code, and change it to put the arrows at the end of each path, instead of in the middle. Then use your streamplot instead of the matplotlib streamplot.
Edit: I got the linewidths to vary
Starting with David Culbreth's modification, I rewrote chunks of the streamplot function to achieve the desired behaviour. Slightly too numerous to specify them all here, but it includes a length-normalising method and disables the trajectory-overlap checking. I've appended two comparisons of the new curved quiver function with the original streamplot and quiver.
Here's a way to obtain the desired output in vanilla pyplot (i.e., without modifying the streamplot function or anything that fancy). For reminder, the goal is to visualize a vector field with curved arrows whose length is proportional to the norm of the vector.
The trick is to:
make streamplot with no arrows that is traced backward from a given point (see)
plot a quiver from that point. Make the quiver small enough so that only the arrow is visible
repeat 1. and 2. in a loop for every seed and scale the length of the streamplot to be proportional to the norm of the vector.
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
w = 3
Y, X = np.mgrid[-w:w:8j, -w:w:8j]
U = -Y
V = X
norm = np.sqrt(U**2 + V**2)
norm_flat = norm.flatten()
start_points = np.array([X.flatten(),Y.flatten()]).T
plt.clf()
scale = .2/np.max(norm)
plt.subplot(121)
plt.title('scaling only the length')
for i in range(start_points.shape[0]):
plt.streamplot(X,Y,U,V, color='k', start_points=np.array([start_points[i,:]]),minlength=.95*norm_flat[i]*scale, maxlength=1.0*norm_flat[i]*scale,
integration_direction='backward', density=10, arrowsize=0.0)
plt.quiver(X,Y,U/norm, V/norm,scale=30)
plt.axis('square')
plt.subplot(122)
plt.title('scaling length, arrowhead and linewidth')
for i in range(start_points.shape[0]):
plt.streamplot(X,Y,U,V, color='k', start_points=np.array([start_points[i,:]]),minlength=.95*norm_flat[i]*scale, maxlength=1.0*norm_flat[i]*scale,
integration_direction='backward', density=10, arrowsize=0.0, linewidth=.5*norm_flat[i])
plt.quiver(X,Y,U/np.max(norm), V/np.max(norm),scale=30)
plt.axis('square')
Here's the result:
Just looking at the documentation on streamplot(), found here -- what if you used something like streamplot( ... ,minlength = n/2, maxlength = n) where n is the desired length -- you will need to play with those numbers a bit to get your desired graph
you can control for the points using start_points, as shown in the example provided by #JohnKoch
Here's an example of how I controlled the length with streamplot() -- it's pretty much a straight copy/paste/crop from the example from above.
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.gridspec as gridspec
import matplotlib.patches as pat
w = 3
Y, X = np.mgrid[-w:w:100j, -w:w:100j]
U = -1 - X**2 + Y
V = 1 + X - Y**2
speed = np.sqrt(U*U + V*V)
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(14, 18))
gs = gridspec.GridSpec(nrows=3, ncols=2, height_ratios=[1, 1, 2])
grains = 10
tmp = tuple([x]*grains for x in np.linspace(-2, 2, grains))
xs = []
for x in tmp:
xs += x
ys = tuple(np.linspace(-2, 2, grains))*grains
seed_points = np.array([list(xs), list(ys)])
arrowStyle = pat.ArrowStyle.Fancy()
# Varying color along a streamline
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, 1])
strm = ax1.streamplot(X, Y, U, V, color=U, linewidth=1.5, cmap='winter', density=10,
minlength=0.001, maxlength = 0.1, arrowstyle='->',
integration_direction='forward', start_points = seed_points.T)
fig.colorbar(strm.lines)
ax1.set_title('Varying Color')
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()
Edit: made it prettier, though still not quite what we were looking for.

Tangent to curve interpolated from discrete data

I was wondering if there's a way to find tangents to curve from discrete data.
For example:
x = np.linespace(-100,100,100001)
y = sin(x)
so here x values are integers, but what if we want to find tangent at something like x = 67.875?
I've been trying to figure out if numpy.interp would work, but so far no luck.
I also found a couple of similar examples, such as this one, but haven't been able to apply the techniques to my case :(
I'm new to Python and don't entirely know how everything works yet, so any help would be appreciated...
this is what I get:
from scipy import interpolate
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.linspace(-100,100,10000)
y = np.sin(x)
tck, u = interpolate.splprep([y])
ti = np.linspace(-100,100,10000)
dydx = interpolate.splev(ti,tck,der=1)
plt.plot(x,y)
plt.plot(ti,dydx[0])
plt.show()
There is a comment in this answer, which tells you that there is a difference between splrep and splprep. For the 1D case you have here, splrep is completely sufficient.
You may also want to limit your curve a but to be able to see the oscilations.
from scipy import interpolate
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.linspace(-15,15,1000)
y = np.sin(x)
tck = interpolate.splrep(x,y)
dydx = interpolate.splev(x,tck,der=1)
plt.plot(x,y)
plt.plot(x,dydx, label="derivative")
plt.legend()
plt.show()
While this is how the code above would be made runnable, it does not provide a tangent. For the tangent you only need the derivative at a single point. However you need to have the equation of a tangent somewhere and actually use it; so this is more a math question.
from scipy import interpolate
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.linspace(-15,15,1000)
y = np.sin(x)
tck = interpolate.splrep(x,y)
x0 = 7.3
y0 = interpolate.splev(x0,tck)
dydx = interpolate.splev(x0,tck,der=1)
tngnt = lambda x: dydx*x + (y0-dydx*x0)
plt.plot(x,y)
plt.plot(x0,y0, "or")
plt.plot(x,tngnt(x), label="tangent")
plt.legend()
plt.show()
It should be noted that you do not need to use splines at all if the points you have are dense enough. In that case obtaining the derivative is just taking the differences between the nearest points.
from scipy import interpolate
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.linspace(-15,15,1000)
y = np.sin(x)
x0 = 7.3
i0 = np.argmin(np.abs(x-x0))
x1 = x[i0:i0+2]
y1 = y[i0:i0+2]
dydx, = np.diff(y1)/np.diff(x1)
tngnt = lambda x: dydx*x + (y1[0]-dydx*x1[0])
plt.plot(x,y)
plt.plot(x1[0],y1[0], "or")
plt.plot(x,tngnt(x), label="tangent")
plt.legend()
plt.show()
The result will be visually identical to the one above.

2d fft numpy/python confusion

I have data in the form x-y-z and want to create a power spectrum along x-y. Here is a basic example I am posting to check where I might be going wrong with my actual data:
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
fq = 10; N = 20
x = np.linspace(0,8,N); y = x
space = x[1] -x[0]
xx, yy = np.meshgrid(x,y)
fnc = np.sin(2*np.pi*fq*xx)
ft = np.fft.fft2(fnc)
ft = np.fft.fftshift(ft)
freq_x = np.fft.fftfreq(ft.shape[0], d=space)
freq_y = np.fft.fftfreq(ft.shape[1], d=space)
plt.imshow(
abs(ft),
aspect='auto',
extent=(freq_x.min(),freq_x.max(),freq_y.min(),freq_y.max())
)
plt.figure()
plt.imshow(fnc)
This results in the following function & frequency figures with the incorrect frequency. Thanks.
One of your problems is that matplotlib's imshow using a different coordinate system to what you expect. Provide a origin='lower' argument, and the peaks now appear at y=0, as expected.
Another problem that you have is that fftfreq needs to be told your timestep, which in your case is 8 / (N - 1)
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
fq = 10; N = 20
x = np.linspace(0,8,N); y = x
xx, yy = np.meshgrid(x,y)
fnc = np.sin(2*np.pi*fq*xx)
ft = np.fft.fft2(fnc)
ft = np.fft.fftshift(ft)
freq_x = np.fft.fftfreq(ft.shape[0], d=8 / (N - 1)) # this takes an argument for the timestep
freq_y = np.fft.fftfreq(ft.shape[1], d=8 / (N - 1))
plt.imshow(
abs(ft),
aspect='auto',
extent=(freq_x.min(),freq_x.max(),freq_y.min(),freq_y.max()),
origin='lower' , # this fixes your problem
interpolation='nearest', # this makes it easier to see what is happening
cmap='viridis' # let's use a better color map too
)
plt.grid()
plt.show()
You may say "but the frequency is 10, not 0.5!" However, if you want to sample a frequency of 10, you need to sample a lot faster than 8/19! Nyquist's theorem says you need to exceed a sampling rate of 20 to have any hope at all

Matplotlib contour plot with intersecting contour lines

I am trying to make a contour plot of the following data using matplotlib in python. The data is of this form -
# x y height
77.23 22.34 56
77.53 22.87 63
77.37 22.54 72
77.29 22.44 88
The data actually consists of nearly 10,000 points, which I am reading from an input file. However the set of distinct possible values of z is small (within 50-90, integers), and I wish to have a contour lines for every such distinct z.
Here is my code -
import matplotlib
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.cm as cm
import matplotlib.mlab as mlab
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import csv
import sys
# read data from file
data = csv.reader(open(sys.argv[1], 'rb'), delimiter='|', quotechar='"')
x = []
y = []
z = []
for row in data:
try:
x.append(float(row[0]))
y.append(float(row[1]))
z.append(float(row[2]))
except Exception as e:
pass
#print e
X, Y = np.meshgrid(x, y) # (I don't understand why is this required)
# creating a 2D array of z whose leading diagonal elements
# are the z values from the data set and the off-diagonal
# elements are 0, as I don't care about them.
z_2d = []
default = 0
for i, no in enumerate(z):
z_temp = []
for j in xrange(i): z_temp.append(default)
z_temp.append(no)
for j in xrange(i+1, len(x)): z_temp.append(default)
z_2d.append(z_temp)
Z = z_2d
CS = plt.contour(X, Y, Z, list(set(z)))
plt.figure()
CB = plt.colorbar(CS, shrink=0.8, extend='both')
plt.show()
Here is the plot of a small sample of data -
Here is a close look to one of the regions of the above plot (note the overlapping/intersecting lines) -
I don't understand why it doesn't look like a contour plot. The lines are intersecting, which shouldn't happen. What can be possibly wrong? Please help.
Try to use the following code. This might help you -- it's the same thing which was in the Cookbook:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.mlab import griddata
# with this way you can load your csv-file really easy -- maybe you should change
# the last 'dtype' to 'int', because you said you have int for the last column
data = np.genfromtxt('output.csv', dtype=[('x',float),('y',float),('z',float)],
comments='"', delimiter='|')
# just an assigning for better look in the plot routines
x = data['x']
y = data['y']
z = data['z']
# just an arbitrary number for grid point
ngrid = 500
# create an array with same difference between the entries
# you could use x.min()/x.max() for creating xi and y.min()/y.max() for yi
xi = np.linspace(-1,1,ngrid)
yi = np.linspace(-1,1,ngrid)
# create the grid data for the contour plot
zi = griddata(x,y,z,xi,yi)
# plot the contour and a scatter plot for checking if everything went right
plt.contour(xi,yi,zi,20,linewidths=1)
plt.scatter(x,y,c=z,s=20)
plt.xlim(-1,1)
plt.ylim(-1,1)
plt.show()
I created a sample output file with an Gaussian distribution in 2D. My result with using the code from above:
NOTE:
Maybe you noticed that the edges are kind of cropped. This is due to the fact that the griddata-function create masked arrays. I mean the border of the plot is created by the outer points. Everything outside the border is not there. If your points would be on a line then you will not have any contour for plotting. This is kind of logical. I mention it, cause of your four posted data points. It seems likely that you have this case. Maybe you don't have it =)
UPDATE
I edited the code a bit. Your problem was probably that you didn't resolve the dependencies of your input-file correctly. With the following code the plot should work correctly.
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.mlab import griddata
import csv
data = np.genfromtxt('example.csv', dtype=[('x',float),('y',float),('z',float)],
comments='"', delimiter=',')
sample_pts = 500
con_levels = 20
x = data['x']
xmin = x.min()
xmax = x.max()
y = data['y']
ymin = y.min()
ymax = y.max()
z = data['z']
xi = np.linspace(xmin,xmax,sample_pts)
yi = np.linspace(ymin,ymax,sample_pts)
zi = griddata(x,y,z,xi,yi)
plt.contour(xi,yi,zi,con_levels,linewidths=1)
plt.scatter(x,y,c=z,s=20)
plt.xlim(xmin,xmax)
plt.ylim(ymin,ymax)
plt.show()
With this code and your small sample I get the following plot:
Try to use my snippet and just change it a bit. For example, I had to change for the given sample csv-file the delimitter from | to ,. The code I wrote for you is not really nice, but it's written straight foreword.
Sorry for the late response.

Categories

Resources