I am hoping someone can help me here. I am having some serious trouble adding a single list, from a text file into a dictionary. the list in the text file appears as:
20
Gunsmoke
30
The Simpsons
10
Will & Grace
14
Dallas
20
Law & Order
12
Murder, She Wrote
What I need is for each entry, one line at a time, to become the key and then value. For example it should look like {20:Gunsmoke, etc...}
I have to use the file.readlines() method according to my instructor. currently my code looks like this:
# Get the user input
inp = input()
# creating file object.
open = open(inp)
# read the file into seperate lines.
mylist = open.readlines()
# put the contents into a dictionary.
mydict = dict.fromkeys(mylist)
print(mydict)
The out put looks like this:
file1.txt
{'20\n': None, 'Gunsmoke\n': None, '30\n': None, 'The Simpsons\n': None, '10\n': None, 'Will & Grace\n': None, '14\n': None, 'Dallas\n': None, 'Law & Order\n': None, '12\n': None, 'Murder, She Wrote\n': None}
Process finished with exit code 0
There is more to this problem, but I am not here for someone to do my homework, I just cant figure out how to add this in properly. I have to be missing something and I am betting its simple. Thank you for your time.
# Get the user input
inp = input()
# creating file object.
f = open(inp)
# read the file into seperate lines.
mylist = f.readlines()
# determine the total number of key/value pairs
total_items = len(mylist)//2
# put the contents into a dictionary.
# note: strip() takes off the \n characters
mydict = {mylist[i*2].strip(): mylist[i*2+1].strip() for i in range(0,total_items)}
print(mydict)
First, you can read the files without newlines using read().splitlines(). Then split the list into 2 lists containing every other word. Then zip those 2 lists together and create a dictionary from that:
inp = input()
with open(inp, 'r') as f:
mylist = f.read().splitlines()
mydict = dict(zip(mylist[::2], mylist[1::2]))
Note also: using with to automatically close the file when done.
Related
This is the file that I am working with called file1.txt
20
Gunsmoke
30
The Simpsons
10
Will & Grace
14
Dallas
20
Law & Order
12
Murder, She Wrote
And here is my code so far:
file = open('file1.txt')
lines = file.readlines()
print(lines)
new_list=[]
for i in lines:
new = i.strip()
new_list.append(new)
print(new_list)
new_dict = {}
for i in range(0,len(new_list),2):
new_dict[new_list[i]]=new_list[i+1]
if i in new_dict:
i[key] = i.values()
new_dict = dict(sorted(new_dict.items()))
print(new_dict)
file_2 = open('output_keys.txt', 'w')
for x, y in new_dict.items():
print(x, y)
file_2.write(x + ': ')
file_2.write(y)
file_2.write('\n')
file_2.close()
file_3 = open('output_titles.txt', 'w')
new_list2 = []
for x, y in new_dict.items():
new_list2.append(y)
new_list2.sort()
print(new_list2)
print(new_list2)
for i in new_list2:
file_3.write(i)
file_3.write('\n')
print(i)
file_3.close()
The instructions state:
Write a program that first reads in the name of an input file and then reads the input file using the file.readlines() method. The input file contains an unsorted list of number of seasons followed by the corresponding TV show. Your program should put the contents of the input file into a dictionary where the number of seasons are the keys, and a list of TV shows are the values (since multiple shows could have the same number of seasons).
Sort the dictionary by key (least to greatest) and output the results to a file named output_keys.txt. Separate multiple TV shows associated with the same key with a semicolon (;), ordering by appearance in the input file. Next, sort the dictionary by values (alphabetical order), and output the results to a file named output_titles.txt.
So the part I am having trouble with 2 parts:
First is "Separate multiple TV shows associated with the same key with a semicolon (;)".
What I have written so far just replaces the new item in the dictionary.
for i in range(0,len(new_list),2):
new_dict[new_list[i]]=new_list[i+1]
if i in new_dict:
i[key] = i.values()
The 2nd part is that in the Zybooks program it seems to add onto output_keys.txt and output_title.txt every time it iterates. But my code does not seem to add to output_keys and output_title. For example, if after I run file1.txt I then try to run file2.txt, it replaces output_keys and output_title instead of adding to it.
Try to break down the problem into smaller sub-problems. Right now, it seems like you're trying to solve everything at once. E.g., I'd suggest you omit the file input and output and focus on the basic functionality of the program. Once that is set, you can go for the I/O.
You first need to create a dictionary with numbers of seasons as keys and a list of tv shows as values. You almost got it; here's a working snippet (I renamed some of your variables: it's always a good idea to have meaningful variable names):
lines = file.readlines()
# formerly "new_list"
clean_lines = []
for line in lines:
line = line.strip()
clean_lines.append(line)
# formerly "new_dict"
seasons = {}
for i in range(0, len(clean_lines), 2):
season_num = int(clean_lines[i])
series = clean_lines[i+1]
# there are only two options: either
# the season_num is already in the dict...
if season_num in seasons:
# append to the existing entry
seasons[season_num].append(series)
# ...or it isn't
else:
# make a new entry with a list containing
# the series
seasons[season_num] = [series]
Here's how you can print the resulting dictionary with the tv shows separated by semicolon using join. Adapt to your needs:
for season_num, series in seasons.items():
print(season_num, '; '.join(series))
Output:
20 Gunsmoke; Law & Order
30 The Simpsons
10 Will & Grace
14 Dallas
12 Murder, She Wrote
as I see you try to check if the key already exists in dictionary but it seems there is a mistake over there, you should check the value instead the index if it exists in dictionary and also you must check before putting into the dictionary and if it exits you can update current value by adding ; end the current value
for i in range(0,len(new_list),2):
if not new_list[i] in new_edict.keys():
new_edict[new_list[i]] = new_list[i+1]
else:
Update it here… like
new_list[new_list[i]] = new_list[new_list[i]] +";"+ new_list[i+1]
I need to create a Database, using Python and a .txt file.
Creating new items is no Problem,the inside of the Databse.txt looks like this:
Index Objektname Objektplace Username
i.e:
1 Pen Office Daniel
2 Saw Shed Nic
6 Shovel Shed Evelyn
4 Knife Room6 Evelyn
I get the index from a QR-Scanner (OpenCV) and the other informations are gained via Tkinter Entrys and if an objekt is already saved in the Database, you should be able to rewrite Objektplace and Username.
My Problems now are the following:
If I scan the Code with the index 6, how do i navigate to that entry, even if it's not in line 6, without causing a Problem with the Room6?
How do I, for example, only replace the "Shed" from Index 4 when that Objekt is moved to f.e. Room6?
Same goes for the Usernames.
Up until now i've tried different methods, but nothing worked so far.
The last try looked something like this
def DBChange():
#Removes unwanted bits from the scanned code
data2 = data.replace("'", "")
Index = data2.replace("b","")
#Gets the Data from the Entry-Widgets
User = Nutzer.get()
Einlagerungsort = Ort.get()
#Adds a whitespace at the end of the Entrys to seperate them
Userlen = len(User)
User2 = User.ljust(Userlen)
Einlagerungsortlen = len(Einlagerungsort)+1
Einlagerungsort2 = Einlagerungsort.ljust(Einlagerungsortlen)
#Navigate to the exact line of the scanned Index and replace the words
#for the place and the user ONLY in this line
file = open("Datenbank.txt","r+")
lines=file.readlines()
for word in lines[Index].split():
List.append(word)
checkWords = (List[2],List[3])
repWords = (Einlagerungsort2, User2)
for line in file:
for check, rep in zip(checkWords, repWords):
line = line.replace(check, rep)
file.write(line)
file.close()
Return()
Thanks in advance
I'd suggest using Pandas to read and write your textfile. That way you can just use the index to select the approriate line. And if there is no specific reason to use your text format, I would switch to csv for ease of use.
import pandas as pd
def DBChange():
#Removes unwanted bits from the scanned code
# I haven't changed this part, since I guess you need this for some input data
data2 = data.replace("'", "")
Indexnr = data2.replace("b","")
#Gets the Data from the Entry-Widgets
User = Nutzer.get()
Einlagerungsort = Ort.get()
# I removed the lines here. This isn't necessary when using csv and Pandas
# read in the csv file
df = pd.read_csv("Datenbank.csv")
# Select line with index and replace value
df.loc[Indexnr, 'Username'] = User
df.loc[Indexnr, 'Objektplace'] = Einlagerungsort
# Write back to csv
df.to_csv("Datenbank.csv")
Return()
Since I can't reproduce your specific problem, I haven't tested it. But something like this should work.
Edit
To read and write text-file, use ' ' as the seperator. (I assume all values do not contain spaces, and your text file now uses 1 space between values).
reading:
df = pd.read_csv('Datenbank.txt', sep=' ')
Writing:
df.to_csv('Datenbank.txt', sep=' ')
First of all, this is a terrible way to store data. My suggestion is not particularily well code, don't do this in production! (edit
newlines = []
for line in lines:
entry = line.split()
if entry[0] == Index:
#line now is the correct line
#Index 2 is the place, index 0 the ID, etc
entry[2] = Einlagerungsort2
newlines.append(" ".join(entry))
# Now write newlines back to the file
I have a code that takes data from online where items are referred to by a number ID, compared data about those items, and builds a list of item ID numbers based on some criteria. What I'm struggling with is taking this list of numbers and turning it into a list of names. I have a text file with the numbers and corresponding names but am having trouble using it because it contains multi-word names and retains the \n at the end of each line when i try to parse the file in any way with python. the text file looks like this:
number name\n
14 apple\n
27 anjou pear\n
36 asian pear\n
7645 langsat\n
I have tried split(), as well as replacing the white space between with several difference things to no avail. I asked a question earlier which yielded a lot of progress but still didn't quite work. The two methods that were suggested were:
d = dict()
f=open('file.txt', 'r')
for line in f:
number, name = line.split(None,1)
d[number] = name
this almost worked but still left me with the \n so if I call d['14'] i get 'apple\n'. The other method was:
import re
f=open('file.txt', 'r')
fr=f.read()
r=re.findall("(\w+)\s+(.+)", fr)
this seemed to have gotten rid of the \n at the end of every name but leaves me with the problem of having a tuple with each number-name combo being a single entry so if i were to say r[1] i would get ('14', 'apple'). I really don't want to delete each new line command by hand on all ~8400 entries...
Any recommendations on how to get the corresponding name given a number from a file like this?
In your first method change the line ttn[number] = name to ttn[number] = name[:-1]. This simply strips off the last character, and should remove your \n.
names = {}
with open("id_file.txt") as inf:
header = next(inf, '') # skip header row
for line in inf:
id, name = line.split(None, 1)
names[int(id)] = name.strip()
names[27] # => 'anjou pear'
Use this to modify your first approach:
raw_dict = dict()
cleaned_dict = dict()
Assuming you've imported file to dictionary:
raw_dict = {14:"apple\n",27:"anjou pear\n",36 :"asian pear\n" ,7645:"langsat\n"}
for keys in raw_dict:
cleaned_dict[keys] = raw_dict[keys][:len(raw_dict[keys])-1]
So now, cleaned_dict is equal to:
{27: 'anjou pear', 36: 'asian pear', 7645: 'langsat', 14: 'apple'}
*Edited to add first sentence.
For an assignment, I'm creating a program that retrieves from a file information regarding Olympic countries and their medal count.
One of my functions goes through a list in this format:
Country,Games,Gold,Silver,Bronze
AFG,13,0,0,2
ALG,15,5,2,8
ARG,40,18,24,28
ARM,10,1,2,9
ANZ,2,3,4,5
The function needs to go through this list, and store into a dictionary with the country name as a key, and the remaining four entries as a tuple.
Here is what I am working with so far:
def medals(string):
'''takes a file, and gathers up the country codes and their medal counts
storing them into a dictionary'''
#creates an empty dictionary
medalDict = {}
#creates an empty tuple
medalCount = ()
#These following two lines remove the column headings
with open(string) as fin:
next(fin)
for eachline in fin:
code, medal_count = eachline.strip().split(',',1)
medalDict[code] = medal_count
return medalDict
Now, the intent is for the entries to look something like this
{'AFG': (13, 0, 0, 2)}
Instead, I'm getting
{'AFG': '13,0,0,2'}
It looks like it is being stored as a string, and not a tuple. Is it something to do with the
medalDict[code] = medal_count
line of code? I'm not too sure how to convert that into separate integer values for a tuple neatly.
You are storing the whole string '13,0,0,2' as value, so
medalDict[code] = medal_count
should be replaced by:
medalDict[code] = tuple(medal_count.split(','))
Your original thought is correct, with this line being the sole exception. What is changed is now it splits the '13,0,0,2' into a list ['13', '0', '0', '2'] and converts it into a tuple.
You can also do this to convert strings inside into integers:
medalDict[code] = tuple([int(ele) for ele in medal_count.split(',')])
But make sure your medal_count contains only integers.
This line:
code, medal_count = eachline.strip().split(',',1)
... is splitting the whitespace-stripped eachline, 1 time, on ',', then storing the resulting two strings into code and medal_count ... so yes, medal_count contains a string.
You could handle this one of two ways:
Add a line along the lines of:
split_counts = tuple(medal_count.split(','))
... and then use split_counts from there on in the code, or
(in Python 3) Change the line above to
code, *medal_count = eachline.strip().split(',')
... which makes use of Extended iterable unpacking (and will give you a list, so if a tuple is necessary it'll need to be converted).
Your Problem seems to be this:
split(',',1)
# should be
split(',')
because split(..., 1) only makes 1 split and split(...) splits as much as possible.
So you should be able to do this:
for eachline in fin:
code, *medal_count = eachline.strip().split(',')
medalDict[code] = medal_count
Going to re-word the question.
Basically I'm wondering what is the easiest way to manipulate a string formatted like this:
Safety/Report/Image/489
or
Safety/Report/Image/490
And sectioning off each word seperated by a slash(/), and storing each section(token) into a store so I can call it later. (Reading in about 1200 cells from a CSV file).
The answer for your question:
>>> mystring = "Safety/Report/Image/489"
>>> mystore = mystring.split('/')
>>> mystore
['Safety', 'Report', 'Image', '489']
>>> mystore[2]
'Image'
>>>
If you want to store data from more than one string, then you have several options depending on how do you want to organize it. For example:
liststring = ["Safety/Report/Image/489",
"Safety/Report/Image/490",
"Safety/Report/Image/491"]
dictstore = {}
for line, string in enumerate(liststring):
dictstore[line] = string.split('/')
print dictstore[1][3]
print dictstore[2][3]
prints:
490
491
In this case you can use in the same way a dictionary or a list (a list of lists) for storage. In case each string has a especial identifier (one better than the line number), then the dictionary is the option to choose.
I don't quite understand your code and don't have too much time to study it, but I thought that the following might be helpful, at least if order isn't important ...
in_strings = ['Safety/Report/Image/489',
'Safety/Report/Image/490',
'Other/Misc/Text/500'
]
out_dict = {}
for in_str in in_strings:
level1, level2, level3, level4 = in_str.split('/')
out_dict.setdefault(level1, {}).setdefault(
level2, {}).setdefault(
level3, []).append(level4)
print out_dict
{'Other': {'Misc': {'Text': ['500']}}, 'Safety': {'Report': {'Image': ['489', '490']}}}
If your csv is line seperated:
#do something to load the csv
split_lines = [x.strip() for x in csv_data.split('\n')]
for line_data in split_lines:
split_parts = [x.strip() for x in line_data.split('/')]
# do something with individual part data
# such as some_variable = split_parts[1] etc
# if using indexes, I'd be sure to catch for index errors in case you
# try to go to index 3 of something with only 2 parts
check out the python csv module for some importing help (I'm not too familiar).