After installing thermo.chemical, I wanted to know how I can check,
first of all, which version is installed on my computer and second where the program is located (path).
What do I have to enter in my terminal.
I tried the following, but it does not work.
import ipywidgets as widgets
def clicked(arg):
print(thermo.__version__())
button_download = widgets.Button(description = 'Version', button_style = 'primary')
button_download.on_click(clicked)
display(button_download)
This error ist showed:
Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-51-8d76d70a85bb> in clicked(arg)
3
4 def clicked(arg):
----> 5 print(thermo.__version__)
6
7 button_download = widgets.Button(description = 'Version', button_style = 'primary')
NameError: name 'thermo' is not defined
Many modules have variable __version__ and all modules, submodules and scripts have __file__
import thermo
print(thermo.__version__)
print(thermo.__file__)
BTW:
You have to import thermo to have access to elements in thermo.
Using from thermo.chemical import Chemical you have access only to Chemical but not to thermo.
Related
Problem
I would like to import a script containing many functions and then run them, so that I can use the function. I may have misunderstood the purpose of import. I am working in Jupyter.
Reprex
#Create the script in a local folder
%%writefile test.py
c = 500
def addup(a,b,c):
return a*b + (c)
#import the file and use it
import test
addup(1,5,c)
#Error message
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# NameError Traceback (most recent call last)
# <ipython-input-1-71cb0c70c39d> in <module>
# 1 import test
# ----> 2 addup(1,5,c)
# NameError: name 'addup' is not defined
Any help appreciated.
You have not called the function! You need a dot . to call a function from a module.
This is the correct syntax:
import test
result = test.addup(1,5,c)
Import a specific function:
from test import addup
addup(1,5,c)
Importing all of the module's functions:
from test import *
addup(1,5,c) # this way you can use any function from test.py without the need to put a dot
I keep getting this ImportError for just trying to set up a basic widget slider. Below is the input and error message.
import bokeh
from bokeh.io import output_notebook, show
import bokeh.models.widgets
from bokeh.models.widgets import Slider
slider = Slider(start = 0, end = 10 , value = 1, step=.1, title = 'do nothing')
show(slider)
ImportError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-100-2c4894dccaf0> in <module>()
10 slider = Slider(start = 0, end = 10 , value = 1, step=.1, title = 'do nothing')
11
---> 12 show(slider)
11 frames
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/tornado/gen.py in <module>()
79 import types
80
---> 81 from tornado.concurrent import (
82 Future,
83 is_future,
ImportError: cannot import name 'future_set_exc_info'
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: If your import is failing due to a missing package, you can
manually install dependencies using either !pip or !apt.
To view examples of installing some common dependencies, click the
"Open Examples" button below.
I do have bokeh package installed as well. Not sure what the issue is. Any help is appreciated.
In order to fix the error above, the tornado package must be up to date. To see what version works, simply look up the package itself to see what is the current version. Then input the following code at the beginning of your program to update the package.
# update tornado package
!pip install tornado==6.0.4
import tornado
I am quite new to writing modules in Python.
I use Python 3.5
I have a script called describeToolbox.py that contain functions that I would like to be able to call, like this one:
#describeToolbox.py
import shelve
def getRawData(prefix):
shelfFile = shelve.open('data'+prefix)
df = shelfFile['data'+prefix]
shelfFile.close()
return df
This is meant to retrieve a dataFrame from a shelve file
In my console now, I write the following statements:
In [7]:import shelve
import describeToolbox as TB
In [8]:TB.getRawData('Myprefix')
Out [8]:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NameError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-9-67160af666cc> in <module>()
----> 1 TB.getRawData('Myprefix')
C:\Users\Math\Documents\Docs\Commos\Notebooks\describeToolbox.py in getRawData(prefix)
1 def getRawData(prefix):
----> 2 shelfFile = shelve.open('data'+prefix)
3 df = shelfFile['data'+prefix]
4 shelfFile.close()
5 return df
NameError: name 'shelve' is not defined
It gives me an error message saying that the module 'shelve', the dependency, is not defined.
Basically I dont know where is the correct place to import all the dependencies so that my function can load them when I want to import it.
I would like to write a depository of functions I use often in one module and call them when needed.
Thank you for your help!
Hi I'm having trouble importing classes and variables into python files from other python files. Functions work fine.
As a test, I set up file1 with a function, a class, an assigned instance of the class, and a random variable. I then used various methods in file2:
1.
import file1
2.
from file1 import *
error: 'name not defined'
3.
from file1 import variable,class,instance,etc
error: cannot import name Class
4+. And then doing some other things...
creating a init.py file
or then trying to set directory:
import os
os.chdir("/Users/mardersteina/Documents")
Not sure what I'm doing wrong. Function imports fine, but can't figure this one out with the classes and variables no matter what I'm looking up.
Untitled7:
def happy():
print "yo!"
class Tap(object):
def __init__(self,level):
self.level = level
level4 = Tap(4)
x = 14
Untitled9:
%run "/Users/mardersteina/Documents/Untitled9.py"
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
AttributeError Traceback (most recent call last)
/Users/mardersteina/Documents/Untitled9.py in <module>()
1 import Untitled7
2
----> 3 print Untitled7.x
4 """
5 from Untitled7 import Tap
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'x'
%run "/Users/mardersteina/Documents/Untitled9.py"
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ImportError Traceback (most recent call last)
/Users/mardersteina/Documents/Untitled9.py in <module>()
4 print Untitled7.x
5 """
----> 6 from Untitled7 import Tap
7
8 print Tap(4).level
ImportError: cannot import name Tap
%run "/Users/mardersteina/Documents/Untitled9.py"
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NameError Traceback (most recent call last)
/Users/mardersteina/Documents/Untitled9.py in <module>()
11 from Untitled7 import *
12
---> 13 print level4.level
NameError: name 'level4' is not defined
I can see that you are running the file from an open console .
Most probably the issue is that you had imported the Untitled7.py previously when it only had one function . When you do that Python caches the module in sys.modules .
So if you try to import it in same session again, you would get the cached version from sys.modules , and that would be the reason any changes to the Untitled7 you did after importing it once are not visible.
To fix this issue, you can reload the module -
In Python 3.x , use importlib.reload() to reload the module (to take in new changes) , Example -
import importlib
importlib.reload(Untitled7)
In Python 2.x , use reload() method -
reload(Untitled7)
Or you can also close the python terminal and reopen it, and it should fix the issue.
I have two scripts sources.py and nest.py. They are something like this
sources.py
import numpy as np
from nest import *
def make_source():
#rest of the code
def detect():
Nest = nest()
Nest.fit()
if __name__=='main':
detect()
nest.py
import numpy as np
from sources import *
class nest(object):
def _init_(self):
self.source = make_source()
def fit(self):
#rest of the code
When I run the script like python sources.py It works fine.
But in the Ipython notebook environment if I do the following
In [1]: from sources import *
In [2]: detect()
I am getting the following error
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NameError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-5-e9c378341590> in <module>()
----> detect()
C:\sources.pyc in detect()
--> 7 Nest = nest()
C:\nest.pyc in _init_()
--> 7 self.source = make_source()
NameError: global name 'make_source' is not defined
I am confused about why this is occurring. Can you give me an insight on how it is different in both cases and how to solve this ?
The thing is that there is a difference between
import something
and
from something import *
concerning namespaces.
If you have recursive imports its better to never do "from something import *" or "import something as someotherthing"
You get a full explanation here:
Circular (or cyclic) imports in Python