Develop Reference

Trying to accept the keyboard input 'R' alone or along side any other amount of keyboard inputs using either keyboard or pygame modules

import keyboard
import pygame
import mouse
import time
def press_X():
time.sleep(0.2)
keyboard.press('x')
time.sleep(0.6)
keyboard.release('x')
print('Command Executed - press_X')
#SA_R_X V_1.0
#------------------------------------------
while True:
try:
keyboard.add_hotkey('r', press_X)
time.sleep(0.5)
break
except:
keyboard.add_hotkey('r', press_X)
time.sleep(0.5)
break
the problem is the code cannot detect if 'r' is pressed when i am holding 'w' and/or 'space'... (well any key really)
I tried to use a try and except to handle a combination of any key + 'r'. But it did not work. All I need is for the code to be able to detect an 'r' input even if I am pressing/ holding another key at the same time. Then after this the code waits 0.2 seconds before holding down the 'x' key for 0.6 seconds and releasing. Any help is appreciated and it would be very helpful if you included a short explanation on where I went wrong and how you fixed it.

The documentation for this module can be found here. This is where all relevant information can be found.
The best way to do this, from my understanding, is to use an alternative function. If you want the program to continue to run, even though the key has not been pressed, then I suggest using the keyboard.on_press_key() function. This would mean that the rest of your program could still run, and your press_X() function could be run as a callback. Here is an example of how this code could be implemented.
import keyboard
import pygame
import mouse
import time
class App:
running = True
def press_X():
time.sleep(0.2)
keyboard.press('x')
time.sleep(0.6)
keyboard.release('x')
print('Command Executed - press_X')
App.running = False
#SA_R_X V_1.0
#------------------------------------------
keyboard.on_press_key('r', lambda x: press_X()) ## Adds an event listener for the r key
## This will stop execution if there is no code after this point
If you want it to stop the program and wait for the r key to be pressed, then you could use keyboard.wait(). This will basically pause your program until the key is pressed, after which your function would be run. For example, to replace the keyboard.on_press_key('r', lambda x: press_X()):
keyboard.wait('r')
press_X()
From my understanding, keyboard.add_hotkey() does not work in your situation because it is looking for an exact combination of keys being pressed, such as Ctrl+C, and will only go if only the keys in the hotkey are pressed.
I hope this helps, good luck!

Pynput and pyAutoGui can't hold keys

I wanted to make a simple macro to hold down 'W' for some time, but even simple script like this does not work.
import time
import pyautogui
from pynput.keyboard import Key, Controller
keyboard = Controller()
pyautogui.keyDown('w')
time.sleep(3)
pyautogui.keyUp('w')
time.sleep(5)
keyboard.press('w')
time.sleep(3)
keyboard.release('w')
If i test it in any text editor/text input window it will write one 'w' when script starts and anouther one after 8 seconds without holding/spaming it. And therefore it DOES NOT work in any games what should be the whole purpose of this script. I tried it in a huge variety of different games (Java Minecraft, source Gmod, Roblox and some unity games) and this script just was not working in any of them, but if a game has chat, search box or any other text input window, this script will write one 'w' and anouther one after some time in it.
I realy have no idea why this is happening, but i remembered that two years ago i tried to make similar script on pynput and it did work, so i tried installing old versions of pynput, but that did not help me as well...

So after a long time i could finaly take care of the issue, and i figured out that the source of the problem was in the Microsoft's DirectInput. Basically pynput and pyAutoGUI are not able to get in to DirectInput and there is no signal at all while I thought that there wwas a signal, but for so little amount of time that the games just were not able to pick it up. And the solution to this was pretty easy thanks to this guy PyAutoGUI not working? Use DirectInput. Thanks to his PyDirectInput librarry you are able to use python to emulate button presses and holdes in games!

This might be a start to work with:
#https://stackoverflow.com/questions/66284097/pynput-and-pyautogui-cant-hold-keys
#simulate keystroke for some amount of time
import msvcrt
import time
def press(char, duration, sleep, limit=None):
while True:
lim = limit
t1 = time.time()
while time.time() - t1 < duration: # do for duration specified
msvcrt.putch(char) # output character, putch() awaits a byte string
if lim: # limit specified?
lim -= 1
if lim == 0: # limit reached
break
time.sleep(SLEEP)
if msvcrt.kbhit(): # key pressed?
char = msvcrt.getch()
press(b'w', .001, 2, None)

Is there a way to mimic the effect of the time.sleep() function without pausing the entire program?

I am a new python 3.9 user who's trying to step up my coding. I'm writing a program that uses a while loop and will call functions to press keys based on user input. My code basically looks like:
from pynput.keyboard import Key, Controller
from graphics import *
import time
def wack():
M = Controller()
for i in range(3):
M.press('a')
time.sleep(1) # This guy right here is the issue
M.release('a')
def main():
click = Win.checkMouse()
while not click(click, exit_box):
click = Win.checkMouse()
if *input* == *correct string*:
wack()
I have a graphics window with an exit button and when exit is clicked, it terminates the program and closes the window. The issue is that the time.sleep(1) doesn't pause the inputs or that point in the code, it pauses the entire program suspending the while loop which is not what I want it to do.
Searching about the time function hasn't provided any clear solutions since time.sleep() seems to be the most popular pausing function in python.

asyncio is an amazing feature added in python3.7 which allows you to wait for an object or function(callled a coroutine in the context of asynchronous python) to get a result while the rest of the program executes.
asyncio has a sleep method which paused only the asynchronous function(coroutine) and lets the rest of the code in the program execute
This is how:
from pynput.keyboard import Key, Controller
from graphics import *
import time
import asyncio
#This is the asnychronous funtion
async def wack():
M = Controller()
for i in range(3):
M.press('a')
await asyncio.sleep(1)#this sleeps the function but allows the rest of the program to work
M.release('a')
def main():
click = Win.checkMouse()
while not click(click, exit_box):
click = Win.checkMouse()
if *input* == *correct string*:
asyncio.run(wack()) #calling the asynchronous funtion
Here is a tutorial on understanding asyn io for python

Making A Bot In Python

I was making a bot that would basically keep the left mouse button clicked or unclicked based on a toggle. I get it to work but then it started lagging my entire computer so I didn't take it one step further, being scared to burn my PC, how It happened to my phone one year ago. So we are finally here asking you guys for some optimization to my project.
Code:
import keyboard
import win32api, win32con
from pynput.mouse import Button, Controller
mouse = Controller()
play=False
def toggle():
global play
if play==False:
play=True
else:
play=False
keyboard.add_hotkey('home',toggle)
played=False
while True:
if play==True and played==False:
played=True
mouse.press(Button.left)
elif play==False:
mouse.release(Button.left)
played=False
else:
pass

You should put a time.sleep() or something to wait between each loop because your while statement is running again and again without any pauses.

You can slow the while loop by inserting a sleep function in it. To do this, import the module time and call the function time.sleep(ms) in your while loop. It will be less reactive but you can set a sleep time of only a few ms and it will be better because the program will not be running at full speed all the time.

program stops running when going to task manager

I have a program which makes the mouse go crazy and point randomly on different places on screen.
it works just fine, but when i go to task manager or simply click ctrl + alt + delete, it stops functioning, even when im exiting task manager.
any help?
(the program still seems to run in the proccess list, but simply doesn't do anything)
the program:
from win32api import SetCursorPos,GetSystemMetrics
from time import sleep
from random import uniform
from win32console import GetConsoleWindow
from win32gui import ShowWindow
win = GetConsoleWindow()
ShowWindow(win,0)
def click(x,y):
SetCursorPos((x,y))
while True:
click((int)(uniform(GetSystemMetrics(0),10)),(int)(uniform(GetSystemMetrics(1),10)))
sleep(0.02)