So I wrote a program for my Kindle e-reader that searches my highlights and deletes repetitive text (it's usually information about the book title, author, page number, etc.). I thought it was functional but sometimes there would random be periods (.) on certain lines of the output. At first I thought the program was just buggy but then I realized that the regex I'm using to match the books title and author was also matching any sentence that ended in brackets.
This is the code for the regex that I'm using to detect the books title and author
titleRegex = re.compile('(.+)\((.+)\)')
Example
Desired book title and author match: Book title (Author name)
What would also get matched: *I like apples because they are green (they are sometimes red as well). *
In this case it would delete everything and leave just the period at the end of the sentence. This is obviously not ideal because it deletes the text I highlighted
Here is the unformatted text file that goes into my program
The program works by finding all of the matches for the regexes I wrote, looping through those matches and one by one replacing them with empty strings.
Would there be any ways to make my title regex more specific so that it only picks up author titles and not full sentences that end in brackets? If not, what steps would I have to take to restructure this program?
I've attached my code to the bottom of this post. I would greatly appreciate any help as I'm a total coding newbie. Thanks :)
import re
titleRegex = re.compile('(.+)\((.+)\)')
titleRegex2 = re.compile(r'\ufeff (.+)\((.+)\)')
infoRegex = re.compile(r'(.) ([a-zA-Z]+) (Highlight|Bookmark|Note) ([a-zA-Z]+) ([a-zA-Z]+) ([0-9]+) (\|)')
locationRegex = re.compile(r' Location (\d+)(-\d+)? (\|)')
dateRegex = re.compile(r'([a-zA-Z]+) ([a-zA-Z]+) ([a-zA-Z]+), ([a-zA-Z]+) ([0-9]+), ([0-9]+)')
timeRegex = re.compile(r'([0-9]+):([0-9]+):([0-9]+) (AM|PM)')
newlineRegex = re.compile(r'\n')
sepRegex = re.compile('==========')
regexList = [titleRegex, titleRegex2, infoRegex, locationRegex, dateRegex, timeRegex, sepRegex, newlineRegex]
string = open("/Users/devinnagami/myclippings.txt").read()
for x in range(len(regexList)):
newString = re.sub(regexList[x], ' ', string)
string = newString
finalText = newString.split(' ')
with open('booknotes.txt', 'w') as f:
for item in finalText:
f.write('%s\n' % item)
There isn't enough information to tell if "Book title (Book Author)" is different than something like "I like Books (Good Ones)" without context. Thankfully, the text you showed has plenty of context. Instead of creating several different regular expressions, you can combine them into one expression to encode that context.
For instance:
quoteInfoRegex = re.compile(
r"^=+\n(?P<title>.*?) \((?P<author>.*?)\)\n" +
r"- Your Highlight on page (?P<page>[\d]+) \| Location (?P<location>[\d-]+) \| Added on (?P<added>.*?)\n" +
r"\n" +
r"(?P<quote>.*?)\n", flags=re.MULTILINE)
for m in quoteInfoRegex.finditer(data):
print(m.groupdict())
This will pull out each line of the text, and parse it, knowing that the book title is the first line after the equals, and the quote itself is below that.
Related
I have a VBA Macro. In that, I have
.Find Text = 'Pollution'
.Replacement Text = '^p^pChemical'
Here, '^p^pChemical' means Replace the Word Pollution with Chemical and create two empty paragraphs before the word sea.
Before:
After:
Have you noticed that The Word Pollution has been replaced With Chemical and two empty paragraphs preceds it ? This is how I want in Python.
My Code so far:
import docx
from docx import Document
document = Document('Example.docx')
for Paragraph in document.paragraphs:
if 'Pollution' in paragraph:
replace(Pollution, Chemical)
document.add_paragraph(before('Chemical'))
document.add_paragraph(before('Chemical'))
I want to open a word document to find the word, replace it with another word, and create two empty paragraphs before the replaced word.
You can search through each paragraph to find the word of interest, and call insert_paragraph_before to add the new elements:
def replace(doc, target, replacement):
for par in list(document.paragraphs):
text = par.text
while (index := text.find(target)) != -1:
par.insert_paragraph_before(text[:index].rstrip())
par.insert_paragraph_before('')
par.text = replacement + text[index + len(target)]
list(doc.paragraphs) makes a copy of the list, so that the iteration is not thrown off when you insert elements.
Call this function as many times as you need to replace whatever words you have.
This will take the text from the your document, replace the instances of the word pollution with chemical and add paragraphs in between, but it doesn't change the first document, instead it creates a copy. This is probably the safer route to go anyway.
import re
from docx import Document
ref = {"Pollution":"Chemicals", "Ocean":"Sea", "Speaker":"Magnet"}
def get_old_text():
doc1 = Document('demo.docx')
fullText = []
for para in doc1.paragraphs:
fullText.append(para.text)
text = '\n'.join(fullText)
return text
def create_new_document(ref, text):
doc2 = Document()
lines = text.split('\n')
for line in lines:
for k in ref:
if k.lower() in line.lower():
parts = re.split(f'{k}', line, flags=re.I)
doc2.add_paragraph(parts[0])
for part in parts[1:]:
doc2.add_paragraph('')
doc2.add_paragraph('')
doc2.add_paragraph(ref[k] + " " + part)
doc2.save('demo.docx')
text = get_old_text()
create_new_document(ref, text)
You need to use \n for new line. Using re should work like so:
import re
before = "The term Pollution means the manifestation of any unsolicited foregin substance in something. When we talk about pollution on earth, we refer to the contamination that is happening of the natural resources by various pollutants"
pattern = re.compile("pollution", re.IGNORECASE)
after = pattern.sub("\n\nChemical", before)
print(after)
Which will output:
The term
Chemical means the manifestation of any unsolicited foregin substance in something. When we talk about
Chemical on earth, we refer to the contamination that is happening of the natural resources by various pollutants
First of all, I checked these previous posts, and did not help me. 1 & 2 & 3
I have this string (or a similar case could be) that need to be handled with regex:
"Text Table 6-2: Management of children study and actions"
What I am supposed to do is detect the word Table and the word(s) before if existed
detect the numbers following and they can be in this format: 6 or 6-2 or 66-22 or 66-2
Finally the rest of the string (in this case: Management of children study and actions)
After doing so, the return value must be like this:
return 1 and 2 as one string, the rest as another string
e.g. returned value must look like this: Text Table 6-2, Management of children study and actions
Below is my code:
mystr = "Text Table 6-2: Management of children study and actions"
if re.match("([a-zA-Z0-9]+[ ])?(figure|list|table|Figure|List|Table)[ ][0-9]([-][0-9]+)?", mystr):
print("True matched")
parts_of_title = re.search("([a-zA-Z0-9]+[ ])?(figure|list|table|Figure|List|Table)[ ][0-9]([-][0-9]+)?", mystr)
print(parts_of_title)
print(" ".join(parts_of_title.group().split()[0:3]), parts_of_title.group().split()[-1])
The first requirement is returned true as should be but the second doesn't so, I changed the code and used compile but the regex functionality changed, the code is like this:
mystr = "Text Table 6-2: Management of children study and actions"
if re.match("([a-zA-Z0-9]+[ ])?(figure|list|table|Figure|List|Table)[ ][0-9]([-][0-9]+)?", mystr):
print("True matched")
parts_of_title = re.compile("([a-zA-Z0-9]+[ ])?(figure|list|table|Figure|List|Table)[ ][0-9]([-][0-9]+)?").split(mystr)
print(parts_of_title)
Output:
True matched
['', 'Text ', 'Table', '-2', ':\tManagement of children study and actions']
So based on this, how I can achieve this and stick to a clean and readable code? and why does using compile change the matching?
The matching changes because:
In the first part, you call .group().split() where .group() returns the full match which is a string.
In the second part, you call re.compile("...").split() where re.compile returns a regular expression object.
In the pattern, this part will match only a single word [a-zA-Z0-9]+[ ], and if this part should be in a capture group [0-9]([-][0-9]+)? the first (single) digit is currently not part of the capture group.
You could write the pattern writing 4 capture groups:
^(.*? )?((?:[Ll]ist|[Tt]able|[Ff]igure))\s+(\d+(?:-\d+)?):\s+(.+)
See a regex demo.
import re
pattern = r"^(.*? )?((?:[Ll]ist|[Tt]able|[Ff]igure))\s+(\d+(?:-\d+)?):\s+(.+)"
s = "Text Table 6-2: Management of children study and actions"
m = re.match(pattern, s)
if m:
print(m.groups())
Output
('Text ', 'Table', '6-2', 'Management of children study and actions')
If you want point 1 and 2 as one string, then you can use 2 capture groups instead.
^((?:.*? )?(?:[Ll]ist|[Tt]able|[Ff]igure)\s+\d+(?:-\d+)?):\s+(.+)
Regex demo
The output will be
('Text Table 6-2', 'Management of children study and actions')
you have already had answers but I wanted to try your problem to train myself so I give you all the same what I found if you are interested:
((?:[a-zA-Z0-9]+)? ?(?:[Ll]ist|[Tt]able|[Ff]igure)).*?((?:[0-9]+\-[0-9]+)|(?<!-)[0-9]+): (.*)
And here is the link to my tests: https://regex101.com/r/7VpPM2/1
There is a list string twitter text data, for example, the following data (actually, there is a large number of text,not just these data), I want to extract the all the user name after # and url link in the twitter text, for example: galaxy5univ and url link.
tweet_text = ['#galaxy5univ I like you',
'RT #BestOfGalaxies: Let's sit under the stars ...',
'#jonghyun__bot .........((thanks)',
'RT #yosizo: thanks.ddddd <https://yahoo.com>',
'RT #LDH_3_yui: #fam, ccccc https://msn.news.com']
my code:
import re
pu = re.compile(r'http\S+')
pn = re.compile(r'#(\S+)')
for row in twitter_text:
text = pu.findall(row)
name = (pn.findall(row))
print("url: ", text)
print("name: ", name)
Through testing the code in a large number of twitter data, I have got that my two patterns for url and name both are wrong(although in a few twitter text data is right). Do you guys have some documents or link about extract name and url from twitter text in the case of large twitter data.
If you have advices about extracting name and url from twitter data, please tell me, thanks!
Note that your pn = re.compile(r'#(\S+)') regex will capture any 1+ non-whitespace characters after #.
To exclude matching :, you need to convert the shorthand \S class to [^\s] negated character class equivalent, and add : to it:
pn = re.compile(r'#([^\s:]+)')
Now, it will stop capturing non-whitespace symbols before the first :. See the regex demo.
If you need to capture until the last :, you can just add : after the capturing group: pn = re.compile(r'#(\S+):').
As for a URL matching regex, there are many on the Web, just choose the one that works best for you.
Here is an example code:
import re
p = re.compile(r'#([^\s:]+)')
test_str = "#galaxy5univ I like you\nRT #BestOfGalaxies: Let's sit under the stars ...\n#jonghyun__bot .........((thanks)\nRT #yosizo: thanks.ddddd <https://y...content-available-to-author-only...o.com>\nRT #LDH_3_yui: #fam, ccccc https://m...content-available-to-author-only...s.com"
print(p.findall(test_str))
p2 = re.compile(r'(?:http|ftp|https)://(?:[\w_-]+(?:(?:\.[\w_-]+)+))(?:[\w.,#?^=%&:/~+#-]*[\w#?^=%&/~+#-])?')
print(p2.findall(test_str))
# => ['galaxy5univ', 'BestOfGalaxies', 'jonghyun__bot', 'yosizo', 'LDH_3_yui']
# => ['https://yahoo.com', 'https://msn.news.com']
If the usernames doesn't contain special chars, you can use:
#([\w]+)
See Live demo
New to python, need some help with my program. I have a code which takes in an unformatted text document, does some formatting (sets the pagewidth and the margins), and outputs a new text document. My entire code works fine except for this function which produces the final output.
Here is the segment of the problem code:
def process(document, pagewidth, margins, formats):
res = []
onlypw = []
pwmarg = []
count = 0
marg = 0
for segment in margins:
for i in range(count, segment[0]):
res.append(document[i])
text = ''
foundmargin = -1
for i in range(segment[0], segment[1]+1):
marg = segment[2]
text = text + '\n' + document[i].strip(' ')
words = text.split()
Note: segment [0] means the beginning of the document, and segment[1] just means to the end of the document if you are wondering about the range. My problem is when I copy text to words (in words=text.split() ) it does not retain my blank lines. The output I should be getting is:
This is my substitute for pistol and ball. With a
philosophical flourish Cato throws himself upon his sword; I
quietly take to the ship. There is nothing surprising in
this. If they but knew it, almost all men in their degree,
some time or other, cherish very nearly the same feelings
towards the ocean with me.
There now is your insular city of the Manhattoes, belted
round by wharves as Indian isles by coral reefs--commerce
surrounds it with her surf.
And what my current output looks like:
This is my substitute for pistol and ball. With a
philosophical flourish Cato throws himself upon his sword; I
quietly take to the ship. There is nothing surprising in
this. If they but knew it, almost all men in their degree,
some time or other, cherish very nearly the same feelings
towards the ocean with me. There now is your insular city of
the Manhattoes, belted round by wharves as Indian isles by
coral reefs--commerce surrounds it with her surf.
I know the problem happens when I copy text to words, since it doesn't keep the blank lines. How can I make sure it copies the blank lines plus the words?
Please let me know if I should add more code or more detail!
First split on at least 2 newlines, then split on words:
import re
paragraphs = re.split('\n\n+', text)
words = [paragraph.split() for paragraph in paragraphs]
You now have a list of lists, one per paragraph; process these per paragraph, after which you can rejoin the whole thing into new text with double newlines inserted back in.
I've used re.split() to support paragraphs being delimited by more than 2 newlines; you could use a simple text.split('\n\n') if there are ever only going to be exactly 2 newlines between paragraphs.
use a regexp to find the words and the blank lines rather than split
m = re.compile('(\S+|\n\n)')
words=m.findall(text)
I'm trying to parse the title tag in an RSS 2.0 feed into three different variables for each entry in that feed. Using ElementTree I've already parsed the RSS so that I can print each title [minus the trailing )] with the code below:
feed = getfeed("http://www.tourfilter.com/dallas/rss/by_concert_date")
for item in feed:
print repr(item.title[0:-1])
I include that because, as you can see, the item.title is a repr() data type, which I don't know much about.
A particular repr(item.title[0:-1]) printed in the interactive window looks like this:
'randy travis (Billy Bobs 3/21'
'Michael Schenker Group (House of Blues Dallas 3/26'
The user selects a band and I hope to, after parsing each item.title into 3 variables (one each for band, venue, and date... or possibly an array or I don't know...) select only those related to the band selected. Then they are sent to Google for geocoding, but that's another story.
I've seen some examples of regex and I'm reading about them, but it seems very complicated. Is it? I thought maybe someone here would have some insight as to exactly how to do this in an intelligent way. Should I use the re module? Does it matter that the output is currently is repr()s? Is there a better way? I was thinking I'd use a loop like (and this is my pseudoPython, just kind of notes I'm writing):
list = bandRaw,venue,date,latLong
for item in feed:
parse item.title for bandRaw, venue, date
if bandRaw == str(band)
send venue name + ", Dallas, TX" to google for geocoding
return lat,long
list = list + return character + bandRaw + "," + venue + "," + date + "," + lat + "," + long
else
In the end, I need to have the chosen entries in a .csv (comma-delimited) file looking like this:
band,venue,date,lat,long
randy travis,Billy Bobs,3/21,1234.5678,1234.5678
Michael Schenker Group,House of Blues Dallas,3/26,4321.8765,4321.8765
I hope this isn't too much to ask. I'll be looking into it on my own, just thought I should post here to make sure it got answered.
So, the question is, how do I best parse each repr(item.title[0:-1]) in the feed into the 3 separate values that I can then concatenate into a .csv file?
Don't let regex scare you off... it's well worth learning.
Given the examples above, you might try putting the trailing parenthesis back in, and then using this pattern:
import re
pat = re.compile('([\w\s]+)\(([\w\s]+)(\d+/\d+)\)')
info = pat.match(s)
print info.groups()
('Michael Schenker Group ', 'House of Blues Dallas ', '3/26')
To get at each group individual, just call them on the info object:
print info.group(1) # or info.groups()[0]
print '"%s","%s","%s"' % (info.group(1), info.group(2), info.group(3))
"Michael Schenker Group","House of Blues Dallas","3/26"
The hard thing about regex in this case is making sure you know all the known possible characters in the title. If there are non-alpha chars in the 'Michael Schenker Group' part, you'll have to adjust the regex for that part to allow them.
The pattern above breaks down as follows, which is parsed left to right:
([\w\s]+) : Match any word or space characters (the plus symbol indicates that there should be one or more such characters). The parentheses mean that the match will be captured as a group. This is the "Michael Schenker Group " part. If there can be numbers and dashes here, you'll want to modify the pieces between the square brackets, which are the possible characters for the set.
\( : A literal parenthesis. The backslash escapes the parenthesis, since otherwise it counts as a regex command. This is the "(" part of the string.
([\w\s]+) : Same as the one above, but this time matches the "House of Blues Dallas " part. In parentheses so they will be captured as the second group.
(\d+/\d+) : Matches the digits 3 and 26 with a slash in the middle. In parentheses so they will be captured as the third group.
\) : Closing parenthesis for the above.
The python intro to regex is quite good, and you might want to spend an evening going over it http://docs.python.org/library/re.html#module-re. Also, check Dive Into Python, which has a friendly introduction: http://diveintopython3.ep.io/regular-expressions.html.
EDIT: See zacherates below, who has some nice edits. Two heads are better than one!
Regular expressions are a great solution to this problem:
>>> import re
>>> s = 'Michael Schenker Group (House of Blues Dallas 3/26'
>>> re.match(r'(.*) \((.*) (\d+/\d+)', s).groups()
('Michael Schenker Group', 'House of Blues Dallas', '3/26')
As a side note, you might want to look at the Universal Feed Parser for handling the RSS parsing as feeds have a bad habit of being malformed.
Edit
In regards to your comment... The strings occasionally being wrapped in "s rather than 's has to do with the fact that you're using repr. The repr of a string is usually delimited with 's, unless that string contains one or more 's, where instead it uses "s so that the 's don't have to be escaped:
>>> "Hello there"
'Hello there'
>>> "it's not its"
"it's not its"
Notice the different quote styles.
Regarding the repr(item.title[0:-1]) part, not sure where you got that from but I'm pretty sure you can simply use item.title. All you're doing is removing the last char from the string and then calling repr() on it, which does nothing.
Your code should look something like this:
import geocoders # from GeoPy
us = geocoders.GeocoderDotUS()
import feedparser # from www.feedparser.org
feedurl = "http://www.tourfilter.com/dallas/rss/by_concert_date"
feed = feedparser.parse(feedurl)
lines = []
for entry in feed.entries:
m = re.search(r'(.*) \((.*) (\d+/\d+)\)', entry.title)
if m:
bandRaw, venue, date = m.groups()
if band == bandRaw:
place, (lat, lng) = us.geocode(venue + ", Dallas, TX")
lines.append(",".join([band, venue, date, lat, lng]))
result = "\n".join(lines)
EDIT: replaced list with lines as the var name. list is a builtin and should not be used as a variable name. Sorry.