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Share with anyone on the web interactive python jupyter notebook with dependent files and functions in another file (.py): Colab or something else?

What are the free solutions for sharing an interactive python Jupyter notebook with user-defined module and dependent input files?
I have python Jupyter notebook that serves as a code interface for non-technical users. The code itself is in another file code.py that contains many functions that are called from the python Jupyter notebook as needed. Running these functions reqires about ten input files with a size of 100 mb. I want anyone on the web to open this notebook in an executable environment such that the user can run the code with different user choices.
One approach I consider implementing is to use Google Colab, Google Drive, GitHub, and
the Python Package Index (PyPI) as follows:
Package the code.py as PyPI module
Add dependent input files on Google Drive and get their shared link id
Add Colab notebook on GitHub
Once the user run the Colab notebook then it will pip install and import the functions on code.py and download the dependent input files from Google Drive
How to improve or simplify this approach?
What would be a better Colab-based approach to do this job?
Is there any other environments (e.g., Binder) that are more suitable than Colab for this job ?

You can use MyBinder.org and use curl or wget in a postBuild or start configuration file to get your input files if they are elsewhere.
For non-technical users you may want to combine in the use of Voila and myBinder.org. See here about Voila. There's a launch binder badge you can use to demo there. There's a bunch of other examples that run on MyBinder at the Voila Gallery, too.

Run a Jupyter notebook directly online (without downloading it locally)

When finding an interesting Python Jupyter Notebook, such as 02.00-Introduction-to-NumPy.ipynb, I usally have to:
download it locally
open a shell in the same folder (tip: use SHIFT+RIGHT CLICK+ Open command window here to save 30 second browsing in the different folders) and do jupyter notebook
select the right .ipynb file, and finally run the code
Isn't there an easier way to do this?
What is the natural way to open a .ipynb notebook which is online, and run the code, without having to manually download the .ipynb?
Note: the notebook is visible here: https://github.com/jakevdp/PythonDataScienceHandbook/blob/master/notebooks/02.00-Introduction-to-NumPy.ipynb but we can't run the code

#jakevdp builds in a nice way to do that, see here. In short, on each page he has an Open in Google Colab button:
#GoogleColab can open any #ProjectJupyter notebook directly from #github!
To run the notebook, just replace "http://github.com " with "http://colab.research.google.com/github/ " in the notebook URL, and it will be loaded into Colab.
Example: 02.00-Introduction-to-NumPy.ipynb becomes: https://colab.research.google.com/github/jakevdp/PythonDataScienceHandbook/blob/master/notebooks/02.00-Introduction-to-NumPy.ipynb
By default, code will run on Colab's distant server, but it's also possible to run it locally, by clicking on top right's Connect to local runtime...:
I personally prefer the MyBinder project as a route. It will open temporary, active sessions with the contents of any Github repo, Github Gists, Gitlab repo, Zenodo archive, Dataverse repo, Datashare archive, Figshare archive, and others. Many repositories already include the necessary configuration files and even put a launch binder button them. Some don't but you can go to the form at MyBinder project and generate a session. That form will also generate a URL that you can use to target the public MyBinder system to open a session alter For example, this person posted the link to open a session for all of Jakes notebooks, you just got to the URL https://mybinder.org/v2/gh/jakevdp/PythonDataScienceHandbook/master?filepath=notebooks%2FIndex.ipynb to tell MyBinder to start a session. Then from the index page that comes up you can click on the link you listed above and run it. Jake included configuration files that MyBinder also recognizes. Note, for some repositories or archives you'll point MyBinder at, it won't have the necessary configuration files and so you can run %pip install <package_name_here> or %conda install <package_name_here> in the current session and continue on running code. Limitations include that you have to be concerned with not sharing anything you wouldn't mind be public, limited resources, and FTP is not allowed to avoid abuse.
Some others to get you started:
A Gallery of Popular Binders (You'll note the one you referenced is listed in the number one position under Featured Projects there.)
Analyze CMS Open Data in Jupyter Notebooks using Binder
Tidal constituent database mapped with Datashader
Sample Binder Repositories For example, the first one listed there includes the library seaborn installed in the environment that launches & uses it to plot a figure.

Convert ipynb notebook to HTML in Google Colab

I have a Google Colaboratory Notebook for Data Analysis that I want to output as a HTML file as currently not everything loads within the Colab environment such as large Folium Heatmaps. Is it possible to export the notebook as a html file as opposed to the ipynb and py options?

Method using Google Colab only
Download your .ipynb file
You can actually do it using only Google Colab. File -> Download .ipynb
Reupload it so Colab can see it
Click on the Files icon on the far left:
Then Upload to session storage:
Select & upload your .ipynb file you just downloaded.
Get your file's path
then obtain its path (you might need to hit the Refresh button before your file shows up):
Conversion using %%shell
Then, just as in Julio's answer, execute in a Colab cell:
%%shell
jupyter nbconvert --to html /PATH/TO/YOUR/NOTEBOOKFILE.ipynb
The %%shell lets the interpreter know that the following script is interpreted as shell. Don't write anything before %%shell, use a distinct cell for this.
The form of /PATH/TO/YOUR/NOTEBOOKFILE.ipynb will be something like /content/lightaberration3.ipynb.
Your file is ready
Might need to click Refresh again, but your notebook.html will appear in the files, so you can download it:
The great thing about this is that nothing python-related has to be installed on your computer, not conda, not pip, only a browser.

Google Colab doesn't currently have such a feature as a built-in.
Your best route is to first download it through File > Download .ipynb and then use the standard tool for Jupyter Notebook conversion, nbconvert:
jupyter nbconvert --to html notebook.ipynb
If you use an Anaconda Python distribution, nbconvert is most likely already installed. If not, refer to what is described in their install instructions to be able to convert:
pip install nbconvert
# OR
conda install nbconvert

to continue with "Method using only Google Colab"
" %%shell jupyter nbconvert --to html /PATH/TO/YOUR/NOTEBOOKFILE.ipynb" - as given
the following worked for me - type the following in Google Colab
!pip install nbconvert
%shell jupyter nbconvert --to html /content/testfile.ipynb
(instead of using %%shell in Google Colab, use %shell - this way, it worked for me)

Download your notebook and upload it back to the colab
Replace PATH_TO_THE_NOTEBOOK_IN_COLAB in the below command to the location of the reuploaded notebook.
Use this command to download the notebook as html => !jupyter nbconvert --to html PATH_TO_THE_NOTEBOOK_IN_COLAB.ipynb.

I tried the approach above but couldn't get it to work - for small jobs I log onto https://jupyter.org/try , upload the downloaded ipynb file from Google Colab and then I opened the file, from here you will have the functionality in jupyter.org to download as html or whatever other format you require. It took the pain out of trying to get it to work.

Jupyter -- opening notebooks on mac

This is a bit hard to explain so bear with me! Suppose I have a Jupyter notebook in some directory. The only way I know to open it is to click repeatedly through the web based directory structure. Is there a nice way to do this using the mac finder. In other words I would like a simple dialogue box to open from Jupyter to navigate to my notebook.
edit: thanks, I realized that I can start in certain directories, but what if I'm opening a bunch of different notebooks from different directories. It sure would be nice to be able to jump to my favorites easily.

As #GiantsLoveDeathMetal mentions... if you navigate to a specific directory in your terminal and then type jupyter notebook the notebook will open and display in your browser, just the content of that folder.
For example:
$ cd /path/to/the/folder/with/your/notebook.ipynb
$ jupyter notebook

Open IPython notebooks (*.ipynb) in read-only view (like a HTML file)

Nowadays with more and more IPython notebook files (*.ipynb) around, it is very disturbing every time when I want to peek at some notebook I have to open a server for it, and cannot do it in read-only mode. Due to auto-save I can accidentally change the file when reading it if not in read-only mode.
I hope something like this: ipython notebook mynb.ipynb --read-only would work, but sadly it doesn't (although still it creates a server which I don't really want in read-only view). What I really want is to open an ipynb file like a HTML file for reading; currently it seems a missing view of ipynb file, and now the notebook is more like a black-box or near-binary file alone.
(P.S. I am using Linux/Ubuntu.)

When you change the notebook files' permissions, jupyter's auto-save doesn't touch them:
chmod a-w *.ipynb
Then jupyter goes into read-only mode:

Try this ipynb Viewer. This renders ipython notebook as a static web-page.
Also ypu can convert ipyhton notebook to other formats using
ipython nbconvert --to FORMAT notebook.ipynb.
Refer Convert Ipython notebook to other formats. Using this you can convert ipython notebook to HTML.

You may also want to try nteract app (https://nteract.io)
nteract is a desktop application that allows you to develop rich documents that contain prose, executable code (in almost any language!), and images.
Here you can find more detailed review of the app.
It is completely free and very convenient tool by itself and I use it quite often to see other ipynb files if needed and for quick development.

The best I can suggest - unfortunately still a bit verbose - is using nbconvert to create a HTML version of the file, then opening it with your browser. Below are commands to do this (assuming that your browser is set up as the default program to handle .html files). Just replace yournotebook.ipynb with your real Notebook name.
Linux
jupyter nbconvert --to html yournotebook.ipynb --output /tmp/notebook.html &&
xdg-open /tmp/notebook.html
macOS
jupyter nbconvert --to html yournotebook.ipynb --output /tmp/notebook.html &&
open /tmp/notebook.html
Windows
jupyter nbconvert --to html yournotebook.ipynb --output "%TEMP%\notebook.html" && start "" "%TEMP%\notebook.html"
(Note that if you want to do this in bulk, perhaps in a loop in a script, you'll probably want to modify the commands above to not always use the same filename for the HTML file, to avoid the race condition where the HTML file has been overwritten by the time the browser actually gets round to starting to read it.)

Intellij IDEA (which is also available as free open-source community edition) can render ipynb files as well. In fact it also allows to author notebooks, so it's not just a viewer.
It can be used via file type associations or via the command line launcher (e.g. idea foo.pynb).

I use Github Gist for that. You'll need a Github account.
If you specify *.ipynb file extension there for your content copy/paste, it'll detect it and format as html view. You'll be able even sharing it with someone using link if that's interesting. No tools required other than having a browser.
I've found some glitches in formatting though, mostly with output plots, but it's reasonably rare.
Random example here: https://gist.github.com/Clockware/aa7e01722579841d5888ca83385a5f1d

I was able to read .ipynb files as html in visual code. You would need a python plugin for it which visual code auto detects. Fairly straight forward after that.

This most convenient method to take a peek at jupyter notebooks is by using nb-viewer, with this utility, you will be able to open notebooks (in read-only mode) with a double click.