I have recently finished my first project in pycharm in which I have multiple pycharm files and am importing between them. I am trying to now compile it all into one big .py file as that is what my course has requested me to do. Is there an easy way to do this without having to copy paste between them all?
Every search I have found for compiling in pycharm shows how to compile it to a .exe, whereas I want it in one big .pyfile.
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I Created a Program That Has 2 .py files.
I Want To Make The Program a .exe file, I do it using cx_Freeze.
My Problem Is That I Convert The main.py To .exe but The Second Python File Is Still a .py File.
I Don't Want It Be a .py Because If It Is The User Can See The Code.
If I Also Convert The Second Python File The Program Doesn't Work Because I import The Python File In The Main File.
Any Suggestions?
(I Don't Want To Copy The Second Python File To The Main Python File)
You are chasing the wrong rabbit here. The various tools that generate executable files from Python code are not compilers. They are just tools that embed a Python interpretor with py (or pyc) files to allow users to use the program without a prior Python installation.
Said differently you should not use them to hide your code (except from people not knowing a lot of Python): a pyc does not contain text code but according to the answers to Is it possible to decompile a compiled .pyc file into a .py file? , tools exists that convert back a pyc file into a py file (of course except the comments).
IMHO, you should better google for python obfuscate to find tools dedicated to obfuscation, what neither cx-freeze nor pyinstaller are.
BTW while there are appropriate use cases for obfuscation you should be aware that a determinate attacker can always circumvent it. The reason why the real protection for intellectual property is law and not technics...
I'm not sure how two or more .py files can be converted to .exe.
But in python the easiest way to convert to .exe is a module named pyinstaller .
You can install it using command pip install pyinstaller can get it . After just go to the directory where your project files are and open command prompt in that directory and execute pyinstaller file_name
I developed my code using PyCharm and am using PyInstaller to create a desktop .exe application. I am able to create the application, however, my current method requires navigating multiple directories, and to copy/paste some file dependencies. The whole reason to use PyInstaller was to make it more user-friendly, and easy to access the file dependencies. My question is, how should my code be organized so that a general user can easily access the file dependencies, and developer not need to copy/paste the dependency?
Below is my generalized current approach and the result.
To develop using PyCharm, edit:
/projectFolder/main.py,
/projectFolder/helper.py,
/projectFolder/data.xlsx
To create application using PyInstaller:
in command prompt, /projectFolder/venv/Scripts, execute pyinstaller ../../main.py
This creates projectFolder/venv/Scripts/dist/main/main.exe, among many more files (generated by PyInstaller) that the user shouldn't interact with or even see.
At this point, I need to copy/paste /projectFolder/data.xlsx into /projectFolder/venv/Scripts/dist/main for the .exe application to function.
The executable is now ready to be used.
I am looking for a better approach, where the user will see only the relevant files, main.exe and data.xlsx (since this will be modified, periodically). Also, I'd like data.xlsx need not be copy/pasted.
Again, how should I organize my code / package the distribution in order to simplify things for the user?
You can add files or even a folder to install with PyInstaller by using the command --add-data. The documentation explains the format for the file / folder to add but in your case it should be:
pyinstaller --add-data "data.xlsx;." main.py
Now your 'data.xlsx' will automatically copied and pasted into the folder with your .exe file.
PyInstaller also has a feature to compress all your files into one single .exe (including added data) and then when you run your program, it creates a temporary folder in your OS temp folder, usually C:\Users\USERNAME\AppData\Local\Temp\ that starts with _MEIxxxxx where the xxxx is a randomly generated number so your exe programs wont interfer with each other if more than one is running at a time. The folder is automatically deleted upon successful exit of the program.
The code to have only one file instead of a folder:
pyinstaller --onefile --add-data "data.xlsx;." main.py
There are 2 issues with having one file instead of a folder. The first isn't too big of a problem, but everytime your program crashes or doesn't close properly, the temp folder _MEIxxxxx where all your program was unloaded to wont get deleted, potentially clogging up their system. A simple fix would be to add some extra code into your program that checks if there is already a _MEIxxxxx folder with an older date/time in their temp folder and delete it.
The second is that if your program requires to read / write to a file, the code will check in the current directory of the exe, not the temp folder that is created. A workaround to this would be to write some extra code that looks for the a folder that starts with _MEI in their temp and uses that as the path. If it finds more than one folder with _MEI it should take the most recent (and hopefully delete the older ones)
Another cool feature is adding the --runtime-tmpdir command to your pyinstaller which allows you to specify the where you want your _MEIxxxxx to unload, potentially making it easier to check where the data and files you need to run the program.
pyinstaller --onefile --runtime-tmpdir "C:\TemporaryFolder" --add-data "data.xlsx;." main.py
Unfortunately, if you specify a folder or a path that doesn't exit your program wont work at all, so I would recommend creating a separate setup.exe that creates that folder for them and that should be run before running the main.exe file. Afterwards they can delete the setup file and their program should be running.
I have finished my python project and now want to transfer the project into one file, so a user can just double click it and doesn't have to compile it first.
Therefore, I wanted to know if this is possible with python.
I 've read that you can convert a single python script into an executable file using pyinstaller. But in my case I have many files in different folders and I want them to be include in the executable file because otherwise the programm doesnt work.
I also tried this via the auto-pyto-exe converter (https://github.com/brentvollebregt/auto-py-to-exe) but I didnt got the results I wanted.
Therefore, my question is, how can I convert my visual studio python-project with many different files and folders into one executable file, so a user can just double click the file to start it?
Edit
In the other folder are also .py files like some FileImport.py or View.py. I separated these files that the whole project looks cleaner.
The Folder structure looks as follows:
-Views
---MainView
---UpdateView
---AnotherView
-Controllers
---MainViewController
---UpdateViewController
-Model
---MainModel
I found the solution. As it appears the pyinstaller can find all dependencies when you compile your script via pyinstaller myscript.py. PyInstaller creates three different folders where all necessary files are located. In the dist folder one executable is located which can be used from computers without python installed.
I hope this helps somebody who has the same problem.
I'm relatively new to python and used to C, and I'm trying to find a way to possibly compile several .py files in a directory together as one file. Some of the methods I've seen were to make an egg or bundle them up as a zip file and run it with 'python foo.zip,' but I'm pretty restricted on those options.
The .zip method is closest to what I'm after but what I need is more along the lines of importing that file in the main script and not as an argument to the interpreter.
I have to run this code on several machines and would rather not have to copy a whole folder of modules with it, and would also rather not have to paste all of my code into one file.
Caveats: I'm running a pretty old version of python (2.4.3) on machines that are cut off from the Internet and that I don't have physical access to, so I can't install other modules. I would have to be able to pull it off with old vanilla python.
Yes, I read some of those .pyc questions, but still nothing.
I need to save a project to a CD and preferably I'd like to be able to run it right from there. Should I put the .pyc files in there or not?
No,
byte-code is not version compatible
Yes
the project is supposed to run with the same python version
.py files won't be changed any more in that release
it might be load faster
if smth doesn't suit, python will (need to) create new .pycs somewhere anyway
The latter one: Python will handle that and use a temp directory, won't it?
Answer : No Need to Include
You want to Compile & Run Means :-
Your question says, you are going to compile your python source code in another machine. When you compile your code, the ".pyc" file will be created. So, it is not necessary to include the ".pyc" file with your cd. If you put means, no problem, when you compile your source code in another machine, it will replace the ".pyc" file with the newly created ".pyc" file.
You want to Only Run Means:-
But, if you want to run without compile means, you should convert your program into executable. Executable file may be for windows or linux.
For Linux, to create executable file : Use "CDE" package.
Link: http://www.pgbovine.net/cde.html
For Windows, to create executable file : Use "Py2Exe" package
Link : http://www.py2exe.org/index.cgi/WorkingWithVariousPackagesAndModules
I hope this is the answer you want.
PYC is python bytecode making the original code run faster. You can omit it, since your code will still be able to run.
However if you need to run your code on different machines, probably without any python distribution. Take a look at
http://www.py2exe.org/ which is for windows only
http://www.pyinstaller.org/ which is for most systems
I personally worked with py2exe, it is simple to use. Although it makes fairly huge package, since it add all python packages required to run the original python script.
Hope this is helpful for You.