I'm trying to write a script that acts as a crypto program that generates a pseudo price of bitcoin, saves the bitcoin into a wallet, and monitors buying/selling transactions done by the script into a ledger, all via a menu. I've already created other classes (Wallet, MyDate, GetLive) that work to store bitcoins, display the live date and time, and generate a random live price for bitcoin per activity (buy/sell/deposit). For the Ledger class, I set up an empty list, trans, that acts as an empty list that will store each transaction done via the append statement, and have the history() function set up so that it prints out each transaction in the trans list. When I try to perform this, all it prints out is just the statement "Transaction History" and not the list of the buy/sell transactions, but when I use the print statement within a for loop to print out the list, things come out twice, which confuses me. I even tried replicating this in the "buy" and "sell" options, and they correctly show how I want the transactions to show up. I think there's something I'm not understanding properly, as I feel the solution is likely simple for this. Does anyone know the best way to go about setting up the Ledger class to properly print out the transaction history?
I have my whole coding displayed below for the crypto program:
from datetime import datetime
import random
balance = 75000 # This provides the user with $75,000 to invest.
num_coins = 0 # This is the amount of BTC the user starts out with.
z = 0 # This initializes the seed value for the random price for bitcoin that is determined by the GetLive() class.
trans = [] # This will be the empty list to which the buy/sell transactions will be added to.
class Wallet: # This class will 1) store the ticker symbol for the bitcoin 2) store how many coins the user has
# 3) prints the information out, including ticker symbol (BTC) for the coin and number of coins currently in wallet,
# and 4) use a setter function to add coins to wallet and a getter function to fetch number of coins in wallet.
symbol = "(BTC)"
def getinfo(self):
print(self.symbol, " : ", self.num_coins)
def set_coins(self, x):
self.num_coins = x
def get_coins(self):
return self.num_coins
class MyDate: # This class returns both the date and time.
def __init__(self):
self.now = datetime.now()
def dmy(self):
self.now = datetime.now()
dt = self.now.strftime("%m/%d/%Y")
print("Date:", dt)
return dt
def hms(self):
self.now = datetime.now()
t = self.now.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
print("Time:", t)
return t
class GetLive: # This class generates a random, live price for Bitcoin.
def price(self): # This method will as a pseudo random price for bitcoin (between 55-65K)
random.seed(z) # This sets the initial random seed that will be used to generate a random price for bitcoin
return random.randint(55000, 65000) # Returns a random live price for bitcoin
class Ledger: # This class defines the Ledger as a class that will store buy/sell transactions and print the history.
def __init__(self):
self.trans = []
def add(self, tran):
self.trans.append(tran)
def multiadd(self, *tranargs):
self.trans.extend(tranargs)
def multiadd2(self, tranargs):
self.trans.extend(tranargs)
def getTrans(self):
return self.trans
def history(self): # This prints the history of the buy and sell transactions, including date & time.
d = MyDate()
print("\nTransaction History\n")
for i in self.trans:
for buy in i:
print("On", d.dmy(), " at ", d.hms(), ", you bought " + str(buy), "" + Wallet.symbol, "for $",
buy_amount)
for sell in i:
print("On", d.dmy(), " at ", d.hms(), ", you sold " + str(sell), "" + Wallet.symbol, "for $",
sell_amount)
# Here, this is where the main section of the Bitcoin program is to be run.
while True:
current_price = GetLive()
L = Ledger()
print("********* Menu ************")
print(" 0 - Price of Bitcoin", Wallet.symbol)
print(" 1 - Buy ")
print(" 2 - Sell ")
print(" 3 - Deposit cash")
print(" 4 - Display # of bitcoins in my wallet")
print(" 5 - Display balance")
print(" 6 - Display transaction history")
print(" 7 - Exit")
i = int(input("Please enter your choice: "))
if i == 0:
print("\nCurrent price of Bitcoin", Wallet.symbol, "= $", current_price.price(), "\n")
elif i == 1:
buy = float(input("\nEnter how much BTC you want to buy: "))
buy_amount = int(current_price.price()) * (float(buy))
print("\nThe total cost for " + str(buy) + " " + Wallet.symbol + " is $", buy_amount, ". Transaction complete."
"\n")
if buy_amount < balance:
d = MyDate()
balance -= float(buy_amount)
num_coins += float(buy)
z = z + 1 # This changes the random seed value so that the GetLive class will generate a new random price
trans.append([d.dmy(), d.hms(), ", you bought", buy, Wallet.symbol, "for $", buy_amount])
print("On", d.dmy(), " at ", d.hms(), ", Bought " + str(buy), "" + Wallet.symbol, "for $", buy_amount)
else:
print("\nError: you have an insufficient balance...\n")
elif i == 2:
sell = float(input("\nEnter how much BTC you want to sell: "))
sell_amount = int(current_price.price()) * (float(sell))
print("\nThe total value for " + str(sell) + " " + Wallet.symbol + " is $", sell_amount, ". Transaction "
"complete.\n")
if num_coins > 0:
d = MyDate()
balance += float(sell_amount)
num_coins -= float(sell)
z = z + 1 # This changes the random seed value so that the GetLive class will generate a new random price
trans.append([d.dmy(), d.hms(), ',', "you sold", sell, Wallet.symbol, "for $", sell_amount])
print("On", d.dmy(), " at ", d.hms(), ", Sold " + str(sell), "" + Wallet.symbol, "for $", sell_amount)
else:
print("\nError: you have insufficient coins...\n")
elif i == 3:
cash = float(input("\nEnter how much cash you want to deposit: $"))
balance = float(balance) + cash
z = z + 1 # This changes the random seed value so that the GetLive class will generate a new random price
print("\nYou deposited $", cash, ". Your new balance is $", balance, "\n")
elif i == 4:
print("\nYou currently have", num_coins, Wallet.symbol, "in your wallet.")
elif i == 5:
print("\nCurrent Balance: $", balance, "\n")
elif i == 6:
for y in trans:
print(" >> ", trans)
# L.history() This is supposed to display the list of buy and sell transactions
elif i == 7:
exit(0)
else:
print("Wrong input")
And this is what comes out as I attempt each option, including the Ledger class in option 6:
********* Menu ************
0 - Price of Bitcoin (BTC)
1 - Buy
2 - Sell
3 - Deposit cash
4 - Display # of bitcoins in my wallet
5 - Display balance
6 - Display transaction history
7 - Exit
Please enter your choice: 0
Current price of Bitcoin (BTC) = $ 61311
********* Menu ************
0 - Price of Bitcoin (BTC)
1 - Buy
2 - Sell
3 - Deposit cash
4 - Display # of bitcoins in my wallet
5 - Display balance
6 - Display transaction history
7 - Exit
Please enter your choice: 1
Enter how much BTC you want to buy: 0.5
The total cost for 0.5 (BTC) is $ 30655.5 . Transaction complete.
Date: 12/19/2021
Time: 22:28:25
Date: 12/19/2021
Time: 22:28:25
On 12/19/2021 at 22:28:25 , Bought 0.5 (BTC) for $ 30655.5
********* Menu ************
0 - Price of Bitcoin (BTC)
1 - Buy
2 - Sell
3 - Deposit cash
4 - Display # of bitcoins in my wallet
5 - Display balance
6 - Display transaction history
7 - Exit
Please enter your choice: 2
Enter how much BTC you want to sell: 0.2
The total value for 0.2 (BTC) is $ 11440.2 . Transaction complete.
Date: 12/19/2021
Time: 22:28:33
Date: 12/19/2021
Time: 22:28:33
On 12/19/2021 at 22:28:33 , Sold 0.2 (BTC) for $ 11440.2
********* Menu ************
0 - Price of Bitcoin (BTC)
1 - Buy
2 - Sell
3 - Deposit cash
4 - Display # of bitcoins in my wallet
5 - Display balance
6 - Display transaction history
7 - Exit
Please enter your choice: 6
>> [['12/19/2021', '22:28:25', ', you bought', 0.5, '(BTC)', 'for $', 30655.5], ['12/19/2021', '22:28:33', ',', 'you sold', 0.2, '(BTC)', 'for $', 11440.2]]
>> [['12/19/2021', '22:28:25', ', you bought', 0.5, '(BTC)', 'for $', 30655.5], ['12/19/2021', '22:28:33', ',', 'you sold', 0.2, '(BTC)', 'for $', 11440.2]]
Transaction History
********* Menu ************
0 - Price of Bitcoin (BTC)
1 - Buy
2 - Sell
3 - Deposit cash
4 - Display # of bitcoins in my wallet
5 - Display balance
6 - Display transaction history
7 - Exit
Please enter your choice: 7
Process finished with exit code 0
I have been experimenting with creating an investment calculator, and I want to print the annual totals as well as the annual compounded interest. It's doing the annual totals fine, but not the annual interest. My inputs are $10000.00 principle, at 5% interest over 5 years.
start_over = 'true'
while start_over == 'true':
principle = int(input("Type the amount you are investing: "))
rate = float(input("Type interest rate"))
addition = int(input("Type annual Addition"))
time = int(input("Enter number of years to invest"))
real_rate = rate * 0.01
i = 1
print('total', principle * (1 + real_rate))
while i < time:
principle = (principle + addition) * (1 + real_rate)
i = i + 1
print('total', principle)
for i in range(time):
amount = i * (((1 + rate/100.0) ** time)) * principle
ci = amount - principle
i += 1
print("interest = ",ci)
redo_program = input('To restart type y or to quit type any key ')
if redo_program == 'y':
start_over = 'true'
else:
start_over = 'null'
Here are my outputs:
Type the amount you are investing: 10000
Type interest rate5
Type annual Addition0
Enter number of years to invest5
total 10500.0
total 10500.0
total 11025.0
total 11576.25
total 12155.0625
interest = -12155.0625
interest = 3358.21965978516
interest = 18871.50181957032
interest = 34384.78397935548
interest = 49898.06613914064
To restart type y or to quit type any key
Give this a go:
# Calculate year's values based on inputs and the current value of the account
def calc(current, addition, rate, year):
multiplier = 1 + rate/100 # The interest multiplier
new_total = (current + addition) * multiplier # Calculate the total
interest = round((new_total - current - addition), 2) # Interest to nearest penny/cent
return new_total, interest
def main():
# Inputs
principle = int(input("Type the amount you are investing: "))
rate = float(input("Type interest rate: "))
addition = int(input("Type annual Addition: "))
invst_time = int(input("Enter number of years to invest: "))
# Sets current account value to principle
current = principle
# Prints values for each year of investment
for i in range(invst_time):
total, interest_gained = calc(current, addition, rate, i+1)
print("At the end of Year: ", i+1)
print("Total: ", total)
print("Interest: ", interest_gained)
print("------")
current = total # Updates value of account
# Restart Program check
while 1:
repeat_choice = input("Would you like to restart and check with different values? (Y/N)")
if repeat_choice == "Y":
main()
elif repeat_choice == "N":
print("Thanks for using the calculator")
break
else:
print("Enter Y or N!") # Error handler
continue
main()
This program is supposed to calculate the credit card balance after one year if a person only pays the minimum monthly payment required by the credit card company. When I try to run it, it shows a SyntaxError, and I'm not sure why. Here's my code:
def ccb(balance, annualInterestRate, monthlyPaymentRate):
monthlyInterestRate = annualInterestRate / 12.0
month = 0
for calc in range(12):
minMonthlyPaymentRate = balance * monthlyPaymentRate
unpaidBalance = balance - minMonthlyPaymentRate
interest = monthlyInterestRate * unpaidBalance
print ("Month | Balance | Unpaid Balance | Interest")
print (month + " | " + round(balance) + " | " + round(unpaidBalance) + " | " + Interest)
balance = unpaidBalance + Interest
month += 1
print ("Remaining balance: " + round(balance))
A few things (though none appear to throw SyntaxError - seconding Andrew in the comments, if it's a SyntaxError - share the full message):
1) You can't implicitly make an integer a string, you need to cast it. Ex:
str(round(balance))
instead of
round(balance)
2) 'Interest' is never defined, but 'interest' is.
With those fixed, it runs fine.
Also, this might be relevant ;)
Basically I'm pretty stuck on this issue, I've linked the question below, it's part 'b' I'm stuck on, or the second question in the document:
http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-00sc-introduction-to-computer-science-and-programming-spring-2011/unit-1/lecture-4-machine-interpretation-of-a-program/MIT6_00SCS11_ps1.pdf
If I'm honest it's just got to the point where I'm totally confused! I've put my code below:
balance = float(raw_input('Vot is the outstanding balance? '))
InrAn = float(raw_input('Vot is the annual interest rate as a decimal? '))
month = 1
monthPay = 10
monthInr = InrAn/12.0
newBalance = balance
while balance > 0:
newBalance = newBalance * (1 + monthInr) - monthPay
month +=1
if month > 12:
month = 1
newBalance = balance
monthPay += 10
This does essentially nothing, I know, and it's not yet complete. If I add a 'print month' statement it just seems to show that the code just goes up to 12, then starts at 1 again. Any tips/prods in the right direction?
monthly_payment = 10.0
while True:
current_balance = start_balance
for month in range(1, 13):
current_balance = current_balance * (1. + monthly_rate) - monthly_payment
current_balance = round(current_balance, 2)
if current_balance <= 0.0:
break
if current_balance <= 0.0:
print("RESULT")
print("Monthly payment to pay off debt in 1 year: {}".format(int(monthly_payment)))
print("Number of months needed: {}".format(month))
print("Balance: {:0.2f}".format(current_balance))
break
monthly_payment += 10.0
My code is giving right results except for balance=3926. Lowest Payment: 370 whereas it should be 360.The program should print lowest monthly payment for given annual interest rate .Given an initial balance, code should compute the balance at the end of the year. we are trying our initial balance with a monthly payment of $10. If there is a balance remaining at the end of the year, we write code that would reset the balance to the initial balance, increase the payment by $10, and try again (using the same code!) to compute the balance at the end of the year, to see if this new payment value is large enough
annualInterestRate = 0.2
balance = 3926
monthlyinterestrate = annualInterestRate/12.0
remainingBalance = balance
month = 1
total = 0
payment = 10
def CheckMinimumPayment(payment,balance):
"Checking if payment is in correct balance"
while(payment*12 < balance):
payment += 10
return payment
payment = CheckMinimumPayment(payment,balance)
while(month <= 12):
remainingBalance = remainingBalance - payment + (annualInterestRate / 12.0) * (remainingBalance - payment)
month += 1
total += payment
payment = CheckMinimumPayment(payment,total+remainingBalance)
print("Lowest Payment: " + str(payment))
The problem is that you're not re-iterating through the interest loop (what you have as while(month <= 12)) each time you try a new payment. Write that loop into a function, and call it each time you try a new payment. The total owed balance depends on the payment, since a larger payment each month means less interest added each month. Here's what I used:
annualInterestRate = 0.2
init_balance = 3926
monthlyInterestRate = annualInterestRate/12.0
init_payment = 10
def owedBalance(payment,balance):
""" Calculate total owed balance after one year
given an initial balance and montly payment"""
for month in range(12):
balance = (balance - payment) * (monthlyInterestRate + 1)
return payment*12 + balance
def CheckMinimumPayment(payment,balance):
"Checking if payment is in correct balance"
while (payment*12 < owedBalance(payment, balance)):
payment += 10
return payment
min_payment = CheckMinimumPayment(init_payment,init_balance)
print("Lowest Payment: {}".format(min_payment))