Tkinter crash in python - python

I was trying to make a stopwatch in python but every time it stops working beacause of overflow, can someone please fix this??
Code:
import time
from tkinter import *
cur=time.time()
root = Tk()
def functio():
while True:
s = time.time()-cur
l1 = Label(root,text=s)
l1.pack()
l1.destroy()
time.sleep(0.5)
Button(root,text='Start',command=functio).pack()
root.mainloop()

The while loop will block tkinter mainloop from handling pending events, use after() instead.
Also it is better to create the label once outside the function and update it inside the function:
import time
# avoid using wildcard import
import tkinter as tk
cur = time.time()
root = tk.Tk()
def functio():
# update label text
l1['text'] = round(time.time()-cur, 4)
# use after() instead of while loop and time.sleep()
l1.after(500, functio)
tk.Button(root, text='Start', command=functio).pack()
# create the label first
l1 = tk.Label(root)
l1.pack()
root.mainloop()
Note that wildcard import is not recommended.

Flow of execution can never exit your endless while-loop. It will endlessly block the UI, since flow of execution can never return to tkinter's main loop.
You'll want to change your "functio" function to:
def functio():
s = time.time()-cur
l1 = Label(root,text=s)
l1.pack()
l1.destroy()
root.after(500, functio)
That being said, I'm not sure this function makes much sense: You create a widget, and then immediately destroy it?

You'll want to do something like this instead:
import time
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
def functio():
global timerStarted
global cur
# check if we started the timer already and
# start it if we didn't
if not timerStarted:
cur = time.time()
timerStarted = True
s = round(time.time()-cur, 1)
# config text of the label
l1.config(text=s)
# use after() instead of sleep() like Paul already noted
root.after(500, functio)
timerStarted = False
Button(root, text='Start', command=functio).pack()
l1 = Label(root, text='0')
l1.pack()
root.mainloop()

Related

Cant break loop using button

I wanted make window which will reappear if closed but will only close if user presses a button. I tried so many times but cant make. Plz help.
from Tkinter import *
x='y'
while x!='break':
def something(x):
x='break'
root=tkinter.Tk()
button=tkinter.Button(root, text='Break', command=lambda:something(x))
button.pack()
root.mainloop()
print('done')
When you set x using x = "break", you set the local variable which means that the global variable x is still "y". So to solve your problem just make sure that you use the global variable for x. This is a simple example:
import tkinter as tk
def something():
# Use the global variable for `loop_running`
global loop_running
loop_running = False
# You might also want to add: root.destroy()
loop_running = True
while loop_running:
root = tk.Tk()
button = tk.Button(root, text="Break", command=something)
button.pack()
root.mainloop()
print("Done")

Stop function doesn't work using progressbar

I'm writing a program in tkinter using Progressbar. But there is a problem when I added stop function it doesn't work. When I press "stop" button nothing happens, it should stop loading progressbar. I use Python version 3.8. The code below:
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
import time
root = Tk()
def run():
pb['maximum']=100
for i in range(101):
time.sleep(0.05)
pb['value']=i
pb.update()
def stop():
pb.stop()
runbutt = Button(root,text="Runprogr",command=run)
runbutt.pack()
stopbutt = Button(root,text="Stopbut",command=stop)
stopbutt.pack()
pb = ttk.Progressbar(root,length=300,orient="horizontal")
pb.pack()
root.geometry("300x300")
root.mainloop()
The cause is that pb.stop couldn't stop the function in run.it will also increase by itself.
You could use .after(ms, callback) to add the value(then you no longer need to use time.sleep()).
If you want to stop it,use .after_cancel():
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
import time
root = Tk()
root.add_value = None
def run():
def add():
if pb['value'] >= 100:
return
pb['value'] += 1
root.add_value = root.after(50, add)
if root.add_value: # to prevent increasing the speed when user pressed "Runprogr" many times.
return
root.add_value = root.after(50, add)
def stop():
if not root.add_value: # to prevent raising Exception when user pressed "Stopbut" button many times.
return
root.after_cancel(root.add_value)
root.add_value = None
runbutt = Button(root, text="Runprogr", command=run)
runbutt.pack()
stopbutt = Button(root, text="Stopbut", command=stop)
stopbutt.pack()
pb = ttk.Progressbar(root, length=300, orient="horizontal")
pb.pack()
root.geometry("300x300")
root.mainloop()

Tkinter does not update variable

I apologize if this is a redundant post, but I have spent a few hours sniffing out solutions around StackOverflow and other sources, this is where I ended up. AFAIK it should work.
Put simply, I can't fathom why my variable doesn't update more than once. When I run this program, it starts at '0.0' and updates to a realistic value (after time.sleep(5)), but only once. Theoretically it should update in real-time...
I realize you can't recreate my dev environment with my exact Modbus slave device, etc etc, but flow_unpack is a "good" variable because it prints to the Tkinter window once. If it was bad, it would return a ValueError or something. The problem is: why isn't it updating?
import tkinter as tk
import time
import minimalmodbus
import serial
import struct
root = tk.Tk()
root.resizable(width=False, height=False)
root.geometry('{}x{}'.format(500, 500))
i = minimalmodbus.Instrument('/dev/ttyUSB0', 1)
i.serial.baudrate = 9600
i.serial.bytesize = 8
i.serial.parity = serial.PARITY_ODD
i.serial.stopbits = 1
i.serial.timeout = 1
i.debug = False
var = tk.DoubleVar()
label = tk.Label(root, textvariable=var)
label.pack()
mass_flow_rate = i.read_registers(registeraddress=246, numberOfRegisters=2,
functioncode=3)
flow_ = [mass_flow_rate[0], mass_flow_rate[1]]
flow_pack = struct.pack('HH', flow_[0], flow_[1])
flow_unpack = round(struct.unpack('f', flow_pack)[0], 4)
def function():
global flow_unpack
var.set(flow_unpack)
root.update()
time.sleep(5)
root.after(2000, function)
root.mainloop()
Change this in your code
def function():
global flow_unpack
var.set(flow_unpack)
root.after(2000, function) # just add this for further calls
# root.update() -> not needed, see Brian comment.
# time.sleep(5) -> do you really need this?
# you will block the tkinter mainloop and your UI.

mainloop overides while loop in tkinter

Everything works but the time does not update and I think it is because the mainloop overrides the while loop. Please help, I have searched for a long time and found nothing.
While loop is below then main code:
def loop1():
Time = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
while Time != Alarm:
Time = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
alarm = Tk()
label3 = Label(alarm, text=Time)
label3.grid(column=0, row=0)
alarm.mainloop()
#Get new time
Time = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
#Change to next second
label3.config(text=Time)
Main code:
#Import libraries
from tkinter import *
import time
Time = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
def loop1():
Time = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
while Time != Alarm:
Time = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
alarm = Tk()
label3 = Label(alarm, text=Time)
label3.grid(column=0, row=0)
alarm.mainloop()
#Get new time
Time = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
#Change to next second
label3.config(text=Time)
initalarm = Tk()
label1 = Label(initalarm,text="What time do you want to wake up?")
label2 = Label(initalarm,text="Use this form.\nExample: 06:30:00")
Alarm = Entry()
start = Button(initalarm, text="Set Alarm", command=loop1)
label1.pack()
label2.pack()
Alarm.pack()
start.pack()
mainloop doesn't override anything. It simply will not return until the root window is destroyed. Or more correctly, it won't return until root.quit() is called, which happens automatically when the root window is destroyed.
Don't fight against the framework, use it. GUI programming with Tk is event driven, i.e. you don't control the control flow of your program directly in long running loops. Instead you set up handlers for different events which get called from Tk's main loop when the events occur. Examples of events are button presses or when a certain given time has passed. This can be used to regularly get some handler called by the main loop for updating the display and eventually activating the alarm.
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter.font import nametofont
from tkinter.simpledialog import askstring
from datetime import datetime as DateTime
def update_display(time_label, alarm_time):
now = DateTime.now().strftime('%H:%M:%S')
if now >= alarm_time:
time_label['foreground'] = 'yellow'
time_label['text'] = now
time_label.after(500, update_display, time_label, alarm_time)
def main():
root = tk.Tk()
root.title('Alarm Clock')
font = nametofont('TkTextFont').copy()
font['size'] *= 5
time_label = tk.Label(root, text='--:--:--', font=font)
time_label.pack()
alarm_time = askstring(
'When?', 'What time do you want to wake up?\nExample: 06:30:00'
)
if alarm_time is not None:
update_display(time_label, alarm_time)
root.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
The code does approximately what was tried with the code in the question if I got it right, but an actual useful alarm clock program needs object oriented programming in Python, if it should not become a hard to understand and follow mess.
Also I would not operate on the times as strings but as objects from the datetime module, or at least as number of seconds since ”epoch” with the time module. The string form is better left to input and output for the user. And the user input should be validated. In the current form it is too easy to enter invalid alarm times by accident.
As per my understanding you are looking for the label to be updated till it reaches alarm time. If that's true than there are two thing wrong with your code
alarm = Tk() should be moved out of the while loop
You should use alarm.update() instead of alarm.mainloop()
Updated loop1 definition:
def loop1():
Time = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
alarm = Tk()
while Time != Alarm:
Time = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
label3 = Label(alarm, text=Time)
label3.grid(column=0, row=0)
alarm.update()
#Get new time
Time = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
#Change to next second
label3.config(text=Time)
Main code:
#Import libraries
from tkinter import *
import time
Time = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
def loop1():
Time = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
alarm = Tk()
while Time != Alarm:
Time = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
label3 = Label(alarm, text=Time)
label3.grid(column=0, row=0)
alarm.update()
#Get new time
Time = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
#Change to next second
label3.config(text=Time)
initalarm = Tk()
label1 = Label(initalarm,text="What time do you want to wake up?")
label2 = Label(initalarm,text="Use this form.\nExample: 06:30:00")
Alarm = Entry()
start = Button(initalarm, text="Set Alarm", command=loop1)
label1.pack()
label2.pack()
Alarm.pack()
start.pack()
The way that root.mainloop() or in your case alarm.mainloop() works is that it will make it's own loop that will update the root (or alarm) window. Whenever a command is run (like a root.bind, or a button command) it will pause the mainloopBecause mainloop is looping, doing it's own thing, it will never reach lines past the root.mainloop() or alarm.mainloop() (unless some weird errors occur).A really easy way to fix that is to make your own "mainloop" by having a loop that does your things and then uses root.update() or alarm.update() (which is what is being run over and over by the mainloop command but you can "customize" the loop)
Using this will still allow the binds and button commands to work. Instead of calling alarm.mainloop() before your loop, call alarm.update() inside of your loop

Trying to print the output from my function inside my GUI window

Im trying to make a little program that endlessly prints out numbers inside GUI window, I can not find a way to print the out put of the function in a text box inside the GUI window instead of the python shell, please help, here is my code so far...
import sys
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
def number(event):
x = 420
while True:
x +=420
print(x^70)
button_1 = Button(root, text="Start...")
button_1.bind("<Button-1>", number)
button_1.pack()
root.mainloop()
Thanks Harvey
You'll find it hard to constantly insert a value into a widget. The widget does not update with each insert. You can think of it has having a temporary variable for it. It can be accessed during the loop (as shown with print). However you'll notice that the widget itself doesn't update until the loop is over. So if you have while True then your widget will never update, and so you won't have the numbers streaming into the widget.
import sys
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
def number():
x = 420
while x < 8400: # Limit for example
x +=420
textbox.insert(END, str(x^70)+'\n')
print(textbox.get(1.0, END)) # Print current contents
button_1 = Button(root, text="Start...", command=number) #Changed bind to command, bind is not really needed with a button
button_1.pack()
textbox = Text(root)
textbox.pack()
root.mainloop()

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