I have several larger tkinter / python program which I would like to incorporate into one program which would clear a frame when another program is called; each program currently being inside a function (I probably should use classes eventually when I understand them) and each of these function being displayed on a form being cleared of widgets from the previous if any do exist.
The code below is just a small trial for me to understand how to do this, but it's not working.
When I invoke the widget.destroy() function, it removes the frame (DisplayFrame) and does not clear the widgets inside it and hence not displaying the new widgets.
here is the current trial code:
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
#import pandas as pd
import MultiTempsP3
import datetime, time
from tkinter import messagebox
import sqlite3
from tkinter import colorchooser
from configparser import ConfigParser
import os
import csv
if os.environ.get('DISPLAY','') == "":
print('no display found.Using :0.0')
os.environ.__setitem__('DISPLAY',':0.0')
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("Kombucha Program")
root.geometry("1400x800")
root.minsize(width=900, height=600)
#root.maxsize(width=1400, height = 900)
root.grid_rowconfigure(3, weight=1)
root.grid_columnconfigure(2, weight=1)
root.configure( bg = '#000080' )
DisplayFrame = tk.Frame(root, width=1200, height = 630, bg = 'yellow') #0059b3')
DisplayFrame.grid(column=0,row=1, sticky = N, in_ = root)
rightFrame = tk.Frame(root, width = 120, height = 390, bg = 'white') # #000080
rightFrame.grid(column = 1, row = 0, pady = 10, padx = 10)
lblFrame = tk.Frame(root, height = 70, width = 670, bg = 'black')
lblFrame.grid(column = 0, row = 0, sticky =N, in_ = root)
##'W' stands for West = WrightFrmae (west fframe on the right of screen
#WrightFrame = tk.Frame(rightFrame, width = 70, height = 300, bg = 'green') # #000080
#WrightFrame.grid(column = 0, row = 1)
WidgetFrame = tk.Frame(root, height = 300, width = 120, bg = 'red') # #000080
WidgetFrame.grid(column=0,row=2, pady = 30)
fromTemp = MultiTempsP3.temps("65cd6bd")
lblTemp = Label(rightFrame, text=fromTemp).grid(row=1,column=0,pady=0 )
#lblTemp.pack()
def clearDisplayFrame():
for widgets in DisplayFrame.winfo_children():
widgets.destroy()
###***### - This section is in the right top little frame = rightFrame
state = "yes" ## delete this row and use below state=GPIO when on an RPi
#state = GPIO.input(17)
if state:
state_17="GPIO_17 (HeatPad) is On "
else:
state_17="GPIO_17 (HeatPad) is Off "
lblHeatPad = Label(rightFrame, text=state).grid(row=3,column=0,pady=0 ) #shows as text in the window
#lblHeatPad.pack() #organizes widgets in blocks before placing them in the parent.
###***### End of rightFrame widgets
def func_quit():
root.destroy()
def openData():
clearDisplayFrame()
print("I am inside openData()")
lbltrial=tk.Label(DisplayFrame,text="trial").grid(row=3, column=2)
def func_Temps():
clearDisplayFrame()
print("I am inside func_Temps()")
#DisplayFrame = tk.Frame(root, width=1200, height = 630, bg = 'yellow') #0059b3')
#DisplayFrame.grid(column=0,row=1, sticky = N, in_ = root)
lblSomething = tk.Label(DisplayFrame, text = "Open Temps").grid(row=2,column=2)
###***### This section is top of left = lblFrame
exitButton = tk.Button(lblFrame, text="Quit the Program", width = 12, command=root.destroy, bg= "magenta")
exitButton.grid(row = 0, column = 0, columnspan = 1, pady = 5, padx = 5)
dataButton = Button(lblFrame, text="Open Dates Window", command=openData).grid(row=0, column=1) ## the open refers to the above function
tempsButton= Button(lblFrame, text="Open Temps Info", command=func_Temps).grid(row=0, column=2)
###***### End of top left widget in lblFrame
mainloop()
As an answer, here is an approach that uses 2 frame and switches between them in the click of the switch. This is the way usually switching between frame is implemented in procedural programming, AFAIK:
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
def change(frame):
frame.tkraise() # Raising the passed frame
window1 = Frame(root)
window2 = Frame(root)
window1.grid(row=0,column=0) # Grid in the same location so one will cover/hide the other
window2.grid(row=0,column=0)
# Contents inside your frame...
Label(window1,text='This is page 1',font=(0,21)).pack()
Label(window2,text='This is page 2',font=(0,21)).pack()
# Buttons to switch between frame by passing the frame as an argument
Button(root,text='Page 1',command=lambda: change(window1)).grid(row=1,column=0,stick='w')
Button(root,text='Page 2',command=lambda: change(window2)).grid(row=1,column=0,stick='e')
root.mainloop()
So instead of destroying all the items inside your frame, you should just raise the other frame, as destroyed widgets cannot be brought back.
Related
I was able so successfully place the input module earlier but now when I try to implement code to use 'Enter' to accept the input I'm not even able to get it to pack. If anyone can help me it would be thoroughly appreciated. Eventually I am trying to make it so that whatever typed ends up being incrementally placed as a title in a column centered to the left of the entry widget but I will work on that later. (this is the UI for a text adventure game)
Below is the code I have so far
#imports
import time, os, sys, logging
from pynput import *
from tkinter import Button
from tkinter import *
import customtkinter
import tkinter.font as font
from tkinter import simpledialog
import tkinter
import time
import tkinter as tk
userin = ''
#graphics
the_path_text = '''
┏┓┏┓╋╋╋╋╋╋╋╋┏┓┏┓
┃┗┫┗┳━┓┏━┳━┓┃┗┫┗┓
┃┏┫┃┃┻┫┃╋┃╋┗┫┏┫┃┃
┗━┻┻┻━┛┃┏┻━━┻━┻┻┛
╋╋╋╋╋╋╋┗┛'''
#window
customtkinter.set_appearance_mode("dark")
customtkinter.set_default_color_theme("dark-blue")
root = customtkinter.CTk()
root.geometry("800x520")
root.resizable(width = False, height = False)
root.title('The Path')
photo = PhotoImage(file = "D:\\pathpic.png")
root.iconphoto(False, photo)
myfont = ("Roboto Mono",30)
frame = customtkinter.CTkFrame(master = root)
frame.pack(pady = 20, padx = 60, fill = 'both', expand = True)
#splash/start screen
#loading
label = customtkinter.CTkLabel(root, text="Loading", font= ('Roboto', 20))
label.pack()
# Incrementally add dots
for i in range(3):
label.configure(text="Loading" + "." * (i + 1))
time.sleep(.5)
root.update()
# Clear the label text
label.configure(text="")
# Incrementally add dots again
for i in range(3):
label.configure(text="Loading" + "." * (i + 1))
time.sleep(.5)
root.update()
label.configure(text=" ")
#splash logo
label_path_logo = customtkinter.CTkLabel(master=frame, text= the_path_text, font = ('Roboto', 20))
label_path_logo.pack(pady =12, padx = 10)
#clearing splash/ main game loop
start = 0
def clear_start():
time.sleep(.2)
global frame, root
frame.destroy()
frame = Frame(root)
frame.pack()
start_button.destroy()
start = 1
#main game
start_button = customtkinter.CTkButton(master=root, text="Enter the path", command = clear_start)
start_button.pack(padx = 6, pady=20)
while start == 1:
#main text console
main_entry = root.entry = customtkinter.CTkEntry(root, textvariable=userin, placeholder_text="Enter Command")
main_entry.pack(side = BOTTOM,fill = BOTH, pady = 5, padx = 200 )
def process(event=None):
content = main_entry.get() # get the contents of the entry widget
print(content) # for example
main_entry.bind('<Return>', process)
root.mainloop()
I want this entry bar and other contents I'll add to the frame later to be centred correctly, I received this code that supposedly should work but it isn't.
import tkinter as tk
import math
import time
root = tk.Tk()
root.geometry()
root.attributes("-fullscreen", True)
exit_button = tk.Button(root, text = "Exit", command = root.destroy)
exit_button.place(x=1506, y=0)
frame = tk.Frame(root)
main_entry = tk.Entry(root, width = 100, fg = "black")
main_entry.place(x=50, y=50)
frame.place(relx=.5,rely=.5, anchor='center')
root.mainloop()
As you can see the frame isn't centred so how can I fix this?
In order to achieve widget centering on a fullscreen I've had to use grid manager.
The code below works but the exact positioning requires some fiddling with frame padding.
frame padx = w/2-300 and pady = h/2-45 are arbitrary values found using a bit of trial and error.
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
root.attributes( '-fullscreen', True )
w, h = root.winfo_screenwidth(), root.winfo_screenheight()
frame = tk.Frame( root )
main_entry = tk.Entry( frame, width = 100 )
main_entry.grid( row = 0, column = 0, sticky = tk.NSEW )
frame.grid( row = 0, column = 0, padx = w/2-300, pady = h/2-45, sticky = tk.NSEW )
exit_button = tk.Button( frame, text = 'Exit', command = root.destroy )
exit_button.grid( row = 1, column = 0, sticky = tk.NSEW )
tk.mainloop()
Frame automatically changes size to size of objects inside Frame (when you use pack()) but you have nothing inside Frame. You put all widgets directly in root - so Frame has no size (width zero, height zero) and it is not visible.
When I use tk.Frame(root, bg='red', width=100, height=100) then I see small red frame in the center.
You have two problems:
(1) you put Entry in wrong parent - it has to be frame instead of root,
(2) you use place() which doesn't resize Frame to its children and it has size zero - so you don't see it. You would have to set size of Frame manully (ie. tk.Frame(..., width=100, height=100)) or you could use pack() and it will resize it automatically.
I add colors for backgrounds to see widgets. blue for window and red for frame.
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
root['bg'] = 'blue'
root.attributes("-fullscreen", True)
exit_button = tk.Button(root, text="Exit", command=root.destroy)
exit_button.place(x=1506, y=0)
frame = tk.Frame(root, bg='red')
frame.place(relx=.5, rely=.5, anchor='center')
main_entry = tk.Entry(frame, width=100, fg="black")
main_entry.pack(padx=50, pady=50) # with external margins 50
root.mainloop()
I followed some tutorial on attaching a scrollbar to a textbox. However, in the tutorial, the scrollbar is really a "bar". When I tried myself, I can only press the arrows to move up or down, the middle part is not movable. May I know what I did wrong?
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
scroll = tk.Scrollbar(root)
scroll.grid(row = 0, column = 1)
message = tk.Text(root, yscrollcommand = scroll.set, height = 25, width = 60)
message.grid(row = 0, column = 0)
for i in range(50):
message.insert(tk.END, f'This is line {i}\n')
scroll.config(command = message.yview)
root.mainloop()
You just have to add sticky='nsew' to Scrollbar widget.
sticky='nsew' will make the Scrollbar widget to expand to fill up the entire cell (at grid position row=0 & column=1) at every side (n-north, s-south, e-east, w-west)
Here is the code:
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
scroll = tk.Scrollbar(root)
# add sticky option to the Scrollbar widget
scroll.grid(row = 0, column = 1, sticky='nsew')
message = tk.Text(root, yscrollcommand = scroll.set, height = 25, width = 60)
message.grid(row = 0, column = 0)
for i in range(50):
message.insert(tk.END, f'This is line {i}\n')
scroll.config(command = message.yview)
root.mainloop()
I have made "sticky notes" in python but how do I make the same open in another window when I press the new File (+ on the title bar) button? I thought of creating an object within the class but I don't think that's possible. Should I import and run similar file? Please suggest a method to do so. Suggestions to improve the code are welcomed.
Here's the code
from tkinter import *
import tkinter.scrolledtext as tkst
from tkinter import messagebox
from tkinter import font
class StickyNotes:
xclick = 0
yclick = 0
def __init__(self,master):
def get_pos(event):
self.xclick = event.x
self.yclick = event.y
def move_window(event):
master.geometry('+{0}+{1}'.format(event.x_root-self.xclick, event.y_root-self.yclick))
def another_window(event):
pass
def quit_window(event):
self.closebutton.config(relief = 'flat', bd = 0)
if(messagebox.askyesno('Delete Note?','Are you sure you want to delete this note?')):
master.destroy()
return
self.closebutton.config(relief = 'flat', bd = 0, bg = '#F8F7B6')
# master (root) window
master.overrideredirect(True)
master.geometry('250x250')
master.config(bg = '#838383')
master.resizable(True,True)
# titlebar
self.titlebar = Frame(root, bg = '#F8F796', relief = 'flat', bd = 2)
self.titlebar.bind('<Button-1>', get_pos)
self.titlebar.bind('<B1-Motion>', move_window)
self.titlebar.pack(fill = X, expand = 1, side = TOP)
self.closebutton = Label(self.titlebar, text = 'X', bg = '#F8F7B6', relief = 'flat')
self.closebutton.bind('<Button-1>', quit_window)
self.closebutton.pack(side = RIGHT)
self.newbutton = Label(self.titlebar, text = '+', bg = '#F8F7B6', relief = 'flat')
self.newbutton.pack(side = LEFT)
self.newbutton.bind('<Button-1>', another_window)
# main text area
self.mainarea = tkst.ScrolledText(master, bg = '#FDFDCA', font=('Comic Sans MS', 14, 'italic'), relief = 'flat', padx = 5, pady = 10)
self.mainarea.pack(fill = BOTH, expand = 1)
# frames to introduce shadows
self.shadow = Frame(root).pack(side=BOTTOM)
self.shadow = Frame(root).pack(side=RIGHT)
root = Tk()
root.attributes('-topmost', 'true')
sticky = StickyNotes(root)
root.mainloop()
You are using classes all wrong. One of the biggest advantages to using classes is the ability to steal code from Tkinter (or whatever GUI or framework you are trying to use). The Tkinter window class is called Toplevel, so you want to subclass that and use the class itself (named "self") for all your operations. I rewrote it for you:
from tkinter import *
import tkinter.scrolledtext as tkst
from tkinter import messagebox
from tkinter import font
class StickyNotes(Toplevel):
def __init__(self, master, **kwargs):
super().__init__(master, **kwargs)
self.xclick = 0
self.yclick = 0
# master (root) window
self.overrideredirect(True)
self.geometry('250x250+500+500')
self.config(bg = '#838383')
self.attributes('-topmost', 'true')
self.resizable(True,True)
# titlebar
self.titlebar = Frame(self, bg = '#F8F796', relief = 'flat', bd = 2)
self.titlebar.bind('<Button-1>', self.get_pos)
self.titlebar.bind('<B1-Motion>', self.move_window)
self.titlebar.pack(fill = X, expand = 1, side = TOP)
self.closebutton = Label(self.titlebar, text = 'X', bg = '#F8F7B6', relief = 'flat')
self.closebutton.bind('<Button-1>', self.quit_window)
self.closebutton.pack(side = RIGHT)
self.newbutton = Label(self.titlebar, text = '+', bg = '#F8F7B6', relief = 'flat')
self.newbutton.pack(side = LEFT)
self.newbutton.bind('<Button-1>', self.another_window)
# main text area
self.mainarea = tkst.ScrolledText(self, bg = '#FDFDCA', font=('Comic Sans MS', 14, 'italic'), relief = 'flat', padx = 5, pady = 10)
self.mainarea.pack(fill = BOTH, expand = 1)
# frames to introduce shadows
self.shadow = Frame(self).pack(side=BOTTOM)
self.shadow = Frame(self).pack(side=RIGHT)
def get_pos(self, event):
self.xclick = event.x
self.yclick = event.y
def move_window(self, event):
self.geometry('+{0}+{1}'.format(event.x_root-self.xclick, event.y_root-self.yclick))
def another_window(self, event):
sticky = StickyNotes(root)
def quit_window(self, event):
self.closebutton.config(relief = 'flat', bd = 0)
if(messagebox.askyesno('Delete Note?','Are you sure you want to delete this note?')):
self.destroy()
return
self.closebutton.config(relief = 'flat', bd = 0, bg = '#F8F7B6')
root = Tk()
root.withdraw()
sticky = StickyNotes(root) # make the first note.
root.mainloop()
So this is my first Python GUI project utilizing tkinter. I come from a background in R.
I decided after a review of the documentation to create a class to handle the bulk of the work. The problem appears with my incrementer functions fwd() and bck(). If I do not call these functions in the following chunk of code:
class App:
def __init__(self, master):
....
self.total = 2
self.fwd()
self.bck()
The output of the entire code is an empty tkinter frame.
On the other hand, if I do call them, the fwd() function works as one would expect, but every time I click the back button (command = bck()), a new and identical GUI will be attached directly to the bottom of my current GUI. If I click the back button again, another GUI will pop up behind the current GUI.
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import font
from tkinter import filedialog
class App: #I'm not typing what goes in this class, this way I can avoid issues with App(Frame), etc. DUCKTYPE!
def __init__(self, master):
self.frame = Frame(master)
self.frame.pack()
self.master = master
master.title("PyCCI Caste")
self.total = 2
self.fwd() #Need to call these at the beginning otherwise the window is minimized??? No idea why.
self.bck() #The back button creates a duplicate window...
## +Incrementer
def fwd(self):
self.total += 1
print(self.total)
## -Incrementer THIS CREATES A SECOND PANED WINDOW, WHY?!
def bck(self):
self.total += -1
if self.total < 3:
self.total = 2
print(self.total)
#Body
self.k1 = PanedWindow(self.frame, #Note: if this is not self.frame, the error: 'App' object has no attribute 'tk' is thrown
height=500,
width=750,
orient = VERTICAL)
self.k1.pack(fill=BOTH, expand = 1)
self.titlefont = font.Font(size = 12,
weight = 'bold')
self.boldfont = font.Font(size=8,
weight = 'bold')
self.textfont = font.Font(family = 'Arial',
size = 10)
#Title
self.title = PanedWindow(self.k1)
self.k1.add(self.title, padx = 10, pady = 10)
Label(self.title, text = "Chronic Critically Ill Patient GUI",
font = self.titlefont,
fg="darkslateblue").pack()
#Top row open csv window & button
self.k2 = PanedWindow(self.k1)
self.k1.add(self.k2)
self.openbutton = Button(self.k2,
text = "Open CSV")#, command = openfile())
self.openbutton.pack(side = LEFT,
padx = 30)
#Panes below buttons
self.k3 = PanedWindow(self.k1)
self.k1.add(self.k3)
self.leftpane = PanedWindow(self.k3)
self.k3.add(self.leftpane,
width = 400,
padx = 30,
pady = 25,
stretch = "first")
self.separator = PanedWindow(self.k3,
relief = SUNKEN)
self.k3.add(self.separator,
width=2,
padx=1,
pady=20)
self.rightpane = PanedWindow(self.k3)
self.k3.add(self.rightpane,
width = 220,
padx = 10,
pady = 25,
stretch = "never")
#Left pane patient note text frame doo-diddly
self.ptframe = LabelFrame(self.leftpane,
text = "Medical Record",
font = self.boldfont,
padx = 0,
pady=0,
borderwidth = 0)
self.ptframe.pack()
Label(self.ptframe,
text = "patient # of ##").pack()
#Incrementer buttons
self.buttonframe = Frame(self.ptframe)
self.buttonframe.pack()
self.buttonframe.place(relx=0.97, anchor = NE)
#Back Button
self.button1 = Button(self.buttonframe, text = 'Back', width = 6, command = self.bck)
self.button1.grid(row = 0, column = 0, padx = 2, pady = 2)
#Next Button
self.button2 = Button(self.buttonframe, text = 'Next', width = 6, command = self.fwd)
self.button2.grid(row = 0, column = 2, padx = 2, pady = 2)
#Scrollbar!
self.ptscroll = Scrollbar(self.ptframe)
self.ptscroll.pack(side = RIGHT, fill = Y)
self.pttext = Text(self.ptframe,
height=300,
width=400,
wrap=WORD,
font=self.textfont,
spacing1=2,
spacing2=2,
spacing3=3,
padx=15,
pady=15)
self.pttext.pack()
self.ptscroll.config(command=self.pttext.yview)
self.pttext.config(yscrollcommand=self.ptscroll.set)
#Checkbuttons
self.checkframe = LabelFrame(self.rightpane, text="Indicators",
font=self.boldfont,
padx = 10,
pady = 10,
borderwidth=0)
self.checkframe.pack()
self.check1 = Checkbutton(self.checkframe, text="Non-Adherence")
self.check1.grid(row = 1,
column = 0,
sticky = W)
root = Tk()
app = App(root) ## apply the class "App" to Tk()
### Menu stuff does not need to be part of the class
menubar = Menu(root)
filemenu = Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
filemenu.add_command(label="Open CSV")#, command=openfile)
menubar.add_cascade(label="File", menu=filemenu)
helpmenu = Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
helpmenu.add_command(label="About")#, command=about)
menubar.add_cascade(label="Help", menu=helpmenu)
root.config(menu=menubar)
root.mainloop()
What do you folks think? If I'm missing any pertinent information here, please let me know. The difficulty I'm having is that I don't know what I don't know about Python/Tkinter yet.
Thanks, I really appreciate any insight and direction.
Solved (thanks Bryan Oakley & TigerhawkT3): Due to Python's use of indentation as part of its syntax, I had created a function bck() which, when called, includes the code for the entirety of the rest of the GUI. To solve this problem after it was pointed out, I drew heavily from:
Python def function: How do you specify the end of the function?
You appear you have a simple indentation error. It seems like you intend for bck to have four lines of code, but because almost all of the remaining code is indented the same, it is all considered to be part of bck.