How do I add a camera with a sprite grid in pygame? - python

I have seen this answer, and am still trying to add this answer. This IS NOT a duplicate.
I have a 20x20 grid, and the screen size is 800x640. The screen cannot see the full grid, and I want it to be able to via a scrolling camera.
However, I am not sure how I would even implement this.
The way my code works is that, in the main loop, player.update() is called to update the player's position and collision, and then an update() function is called, which redraws all sprites in the grid (to show any changes).
Code:
import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
import os
import random
import time
pygame.init()
W, Height = 800, 640
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((W,Height))
SCREEN_SIZE = pygame.Rect((0,0,W,Height))
TILE_SIZE = 48
t0 = time.time()
font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 24)
print("Time needed to create fonts: " + str(time.time() - t0))
vec = pygame.math.Vector2
# USER CAN MODIFY
ACC = 0.5
FRIC = -0.12
FPS = 60
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
class BlueBlock(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, x, y):
super(BlueBlock, self).__init__()
self.surf = pygame.Surface((48,48))
self.surf.fill((0,191,255))
self.rect = self.surf.get_rect()
self.original_surface = self.surf
self.hover_surface = self.original_surface.copy()
pygame.draw.rect(self.hover_surface, (255, 255, 0), self.hover_surface.get_rect(), 6)
self.surf = self.original_surface
self.rect = self.surf.get_rect(center = (x, y))
self.hover = False
self.mouse_pos = None
self.count = 0
def update(self):
if player.mode == "build":
mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
self.hover = self.rect.collidepoint(mouse_pos)
self.surf = self.hover_surface if self.hover else self.original_surface
if self.hover and mouse_pos == self.mouse_pos:
self.count += 1
if self.count > 10:
self.image = pygame.Surface((48,48))
self.image.fill((255,255,255))
class textureblock(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, imagefile, x, y, type):
super(textureblock, self).__init__()
self.imagefile = imagefile
self.original_image = pygame.image.load(imagefile).convert_alpha()
self.original_image = pygame.transform.scale(self.original_image, (48,48))
self.hover_image = self.original_image.copy()
pygame.draw.rect(self.hover_image, (255, 255, 0), self.hover_image.get_rect(), 6)
self.image = self.original_image
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center = (x, y))
self.hover = False
self.mouse_pos = None
self.count = 0
self.type = type
def update(self):
if player.mode == "build":
pygame.draw.rect(self.hover_image, (255,0,0), self.hover_image.get_rect(), 6)
elif player.mode == "destroy":
pygame.draw.rect(self.hover_image, (255, 255,0), self.hover_image.get_rect(), 6)
mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
self.hover = self.rect.collidepoint(mouse_pos)
self.image = self.hover_image if self.hover else self.original_image
if self.hover and mouse_pos == self.mouse_pos and player.mode == "destroy":
self.count += 1
if self.count > 10:
self.image = pygame.Surface((48,48))
self.image.fill((0,191,255))
item = Item(self.imagefile, self.rect.x, self.rect.y, self.type)
items.add(item)
self.remove(blocks)
else:
self.count = 0
self.mouse_pos = mouse_pos
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self):
super(Player, self).__init__()
self.surf = pygame.Surface((40,40))
self.surf.fill((255,0,0))
self.rect = self.surf.get_rect()
self.pos = vec(0,144) # Position
self.vel = vec(0,0) # Velocity
self.acc = vec(0,0) # Acceleration
self.inventory = {} # Items can be added
self.mode = "destroy" # Mode. Probably will be changed later
self.selected_item = None # Selected item
def move(self, pressed_keys):
self.acc = vec(0,0.5)
if pressed_keys[K_LEFT]:
self.acc.x = -ACC
if pressed_keys[K_RIGHT]:
self.acc.x = ACC
self.acc.x += self.vel.x * FRIC
self.vel += self.acc
self.pos.x += self.vel.x + 0.5 * self.acc.x
self.rect.midbottom = self.pos
hit_side = False
for entity in blocks:
if self.rect.colliderect(entity.rect):
# move left and hit the block on the right
if self.vel.x < 0 and self.rect.right > entity.rect.right:
self.rect.left = entity.rect.right
self.pos.x = self.rect.centerx
hit_side = True
# move right and hit the block on the left
if self.vel.x > 0 and self.rect.left < entity.rect.left:
self.rect.right = entity.rect.left
self.pos.x = self.rect.centerx
hit_side = True
if hit_side:
self.vel.x = 0
self.acc.x = 0
def update(self):
self.acc = vec(0,0.5)
if pressed_keys[K_LEFT]:
self.acc.x = -ACC
if pressed_keys[K_RIGHT]:
self.acc.x = ACC
self.acc.x += self.vel.x * FRIC
self.vel += self.acc
self.pos.x += self.vel.x + 0.5 * self.acc.x
self.rect.midbottom = self.pos
hit_side = False
for entity in blocks:
if self.rect.colliderect(entity.rect):
# move left and hit the block on the right
if self.vel.x < 0 and self.rect.right > entity.rect.right:
self.rect.left = entity.rect.right
self.pos.x = self.rect.centerx
hit_side = True
# move right and hit the block on the left
if self.vel.x > 0 and self.rect.left < entity.rect.left:
self.rect.right = entity.rect.left
self.pos.x = self.rect.centerx
hit_side = True
if hit_side:
self.vel.x = 0
self.acc.x = 0
hits = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, blocks, False)
self.pos.y += self.vel.y + 0.5 * self.acc.y
self.rect.midbottom = self.pos
for entity in blocks:
if self.rect.colliderect(entity.rect):
if self.vel.y > 0:
self.rect.bottom = entity.rect.top
self.pos.y = self.rect.bottom
self.vel.y = 0
if self.vel.y > 0:
if hits:
self.pos.y = hits[0].rect.top + 1
self.vel.y = 0
def jump(self):
self.vel.y = -15
# Item class - Spawned when a player breaks a block.
class Item(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, image, x, y, type):
super(Item, self).__init__()
self.image = pygame.image.load(image).convert_alpha()
self.image = pygame.transform.scale(self.image, (24,24))
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.pos = vec(x, y)
self.vel = vec(0,0)
self.acc = vec(0,0)
self.type = type
def move(self):
self.acc = vec(0,0.5)
self.acc.x += self.vel.x * FRIC
self.vel += self.acc
self.pos.x += self.vel.x + 0.5 * self.acc.x
self.rect.midbottom = self.pos
hit_side = False
for entity in blocks:
if self.rect.colliderect(entity.rect):
# move left and hit the block on the right
if self.vel.x < 0 and self.rect.right > entity.rect.right:
self.rect.left = entity.rect.right
self.pos.x = self.rect.centerx
hit_side = True
# move right and hit the block on the left
if self.vel.x > 0 and self.rect.left < entity.rect.left:
self.rect.right = entity.rect.left
self.pos.x = self.rect.centerx
hit_side = True
if hit_side:
self.vel.x = 0
self.acc.x = 0
def update(self):
hits = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, blocks, False)
self.pos.y += self.vel.y + 0.5 * self.acc.y
self.rect.midbottom = self.pos
for entity in blocks:
if self.rect.colliderect(entity.rect):
if self.vel.y > 0:
self.rect.bottom = entity.rect.top
self.pos.y = self.rect.bottom
self.vel.y = 0
if self.vel.y > 0:
if hits:
self.pos.y = hits[0].rect.top + 1
self.vel.y = 0
# Now we check if we hit the Player
if self.rect.colliderect(player.rect):
# Attempt to check the player inventory
if self.type not in player.inventory.keys():
player.inventory[self.type] = 1
self.kill()
else:
player.inventory.update({self.type: player.inventory.get(self.type) + 1})
self.kill()
player = Player()
blueblock = BlueBlock(0,0)
running = True
all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
blocks = pygame.sprite.Group()
items = pygame.sprite.Group()
miscBlocks = pygame.sprite.Group()
def drawGraph(graph, start):
y = start
x = 0
for item in graph:
if item == "O":
spr = BlueBlock(x, y)
spr.rect.x = x
spr.rect.y = y
all_sprites.add(spr)
miscBlocks.add(spr)
screen.blit(spr.surf, spr.rect)
x += 48
elif item == "G":
spr = textureblock("media/Grass.jpeg", x, y, "Grass")
spr.rect.x = x
spr.rect.y = y
all_sprites.add(spr)
blocks.add(spr)
screen.blit(spr.image, spr.rect)
x += 48
elif item == "S":
spr = textureblock("media/Stone.png",x,y, "Stone")
spr.rect.x = x
spr.rect.y = y
all_sprites.add(spr)
blocks.add(spr)
screen.blit(spr.image, spr.rect)
x += 48
elif item == "C":
spr = textureblock("media/Coal.jpeg",x,y, "Coal")
spr.rect.x = x
spr.rect.y = y
all_sprites.add(spr)
blocks.add(spr)
screen.blit(spr.image, spr.rect)
x += 48
elif item == "NL":
y += 48
x = 0
else:
print("Item not found: " + item)
print("[Debug] Generation finished. Amount of blocks: " + str(len(blocks.sprites())))
def randomGen(graph):
print("[Debug] Begin randomGen...")
# We assume the user has not done anything with the graph, so we add the sky and grass
for i in range(20):
newgraph.append('O')
newgraph.append('NL')
for i in range(20):
newgraph.append('O')
newgraph.append('NL')
for i in range(20):
newgraph.append('O')
newgraph.append('NL')
for i in range(20):
newgraph.append('O')
newgraph.append('NL')
for i in range(20):
newgraph.append('O')
newgraph.append('NL')
for i in range(20):
newgraph.append('G')
newgraph.append('NL')
# Next begins the random ore gen
for i in range(20):
x = 0
for i in range(20):
# Chance of coal - 1 in 15
iscoal = random.randint(1,15)
if iscoal == 6:
graph.append("C")
else:
graph.append("S")
x += 48
graph.append('NL')
print("[Debug] randomGen finished. Block Stats: %s air blocks, %s grass blocks, %s stone blocks, %s coal blocks, and %s newlines." % (str(graph.count('O')), str(graph.count('G')), str(graph.count('S')), str(graph.count('C')), str(graph.count('NL'))))
newgraph = []
randomGen(newgraph)
all_sprites.add(player)
def update():
for entity in all_sprites:
try:
screen.blit(entity.surf, entity.rect)
except:
screen.blit(entity.image, entity.rect)
screen.blit(player.surf, player.rect)
for entity in blocks:
screen.blit(entity.image, entity.rect)
for entity in items:
screen.blit(entity.image, entity.rect)
pygame.display.update()
drawGraph(newgraph, 0)
# Calculate the size of the level
level_width = 0
for i in newgraph:
if i != "NL":
level_width += 1
elif i == "NL":
break
level_width = level_width * TILE_SIZE
level_height = (newgraph.count("NL")-1)*TILE_SIZE
print("[Debug] Calculated level width and height: %s and %s" % (str(level_width), str(level_height)))
while running:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
player.jump()
if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
running = False
pygame.quit()
if event.key == pygame.K_e:
if len(player.inventory) == 0:
print("Player Inventory: Empty")
else:
print("Player Inventory: " + str(player.inventory).replace("{", "").replace("}","").replace(":", " x").replace("'",""))
if event.key == pygame.K_b:
if player.mode == "build":
player.mode = "destroy"
elif player.mode == "destroy":
player.mode = "build"
print("Changed player mode to " + player.mode)
if event.key == pygame.K_1:
player.selected_item = list(player.inventory)[0]
print("Item: " + list(player.inventory)[0])
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
x,y = event.pos
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
pygame.quit()
miscBlocks.update()
blocks.update()
blocks.draw(screen)
pressed_keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
for entity in items:
entity.move()
# Commented out because it lagged everything.
items.update()
player.update()
update()
img1 = font.render("FPS: " + str(clock.get_fps()), True, (255,255,0))
img2 = font.render("Mode: " + player.mode, True, (255,0,0))
try:
img3 = font.render("Selected Item: " + player.selected_item, True, (0,255,0))
except Exception:
img3 = font.render("Selected Item: None", True, (0,255,0))
screen.blit(img1, (0,0))
screen.blit(img2, (0,24))
screen.blit(img3, (0,48))
pygame.display.update()
clock.tick(60)

Adding scrolling level is very easy. You just need from x take away a camera x and from y take away a camera y, for example: self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center = (x - camerax, y - cameray)).
How this is working:
Its little bit hard to answer how this works. Normaly if camerapos is always (0, 0) the map will not be scroling but if you move camera with player it will scroll. If you have a square at x 500 and you gona make camerax every second bigger by one it will move, for example: x = 500 and cameray = 100 screen will blit an image at x 400 so the image is moved, the same with the y cordinate.
How to add a camera:
So the most simple way is to create two ints or floats: cx and cy (camerax, cameray). But if you want something more modern you can do something like this:
def camera(pos):
return pos[0] - cx, pos[1] - cy
Modified code:
import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
import os
import random
import time
pygame.init()
W, Height = 800, 640
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((W,Height))
SCREEN_SIZE = pygame.Rect((0,0,W,Height))
TILE_SIZE = 48
t0 = time.time()
font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 24)
print("Time needed to create fonts: " + str(time.time() - t0))
vec = pygame.math.Vector2
# USER CAN MODIFY
ACC = 0.5
FRIC = -0.12
FPS = 60
cx = 0
cy = 0
def camera(pos):
return pos[0] - cx, pos[1] - cy
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
class BlueBlock(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, x, y):
super(BlueBlock, self).__init__()
self.surf = pygame.Surface((48,48))
self.surf.fill((0,191,255))
self.rect = self.surf.get_rect()
self.original_surface = self.surf
self.hover_surface = self.original_surface.copy()
pygame.draw.rect(self.hover_surface, (255, 255, 0), self.hover_surface.get_rect(), 6)
self.surf = self.original_surface
self.rect = self.surf.get_rect(center = (x, y))
self.hover = False
self.mouse_pos = None
self.count = 0
def update(self):
if player.mode == "build":
mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
self.hover = self.rect.collidepoint(mouse_pos)
self.surf = self.hover_surface if self.hover else self.original_surface
if self.hover and mouse_pos == self.mouse_pos:
self.count += 1
if self.count > 10:
self.image = pygame.Surface((48,48))
self.image.fill((255,255,255))
class textureblock(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, imagefile, x, y, type):
super(textureblock, self).__init__()
self.imagefile = imagefile
self.original_image = pygame.image.load('img.png').convert_alpha()
self.original_image = pygame.transform.scale(self.original_image, (48,48))
self.hover_image = self.original_image.copy()
pygame.draw.rect(self.hover_image, (255, 255, 0), self.hover_image.get_rect(), 6)
self.image = self.original_image
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center = (x, y))
self.hover = False
self.mouse_pos = None
self.count = 0
self.type = type
def update(self):
if player.mode == "build":
pygame.draw.rect(self.hover_image, (255,0,0), self.hover_image.get_rect(), 6)
elif player.mode == "destroy":
pygame.draw.rect(self.hover_image, (255, 255,0), self.hover_image.get_rect(), 6)
mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
self.hover = self.rect.collidepoint(mouse_pos)
self.image = self.hover_image if self.hover else self.original_image
if self.hover and mouse_pos == self.mouse_pos and player.mode == "destroy":
self.count += 1
if self.count > 10:
self.image = pygame.Surface((48,48))
self.image.fill((0,191,255))
item = Item(self.imagefile, self.rect.x, self.rect.y, self.type)
items.add(item)
self.remove(blocks)
else:
self.count = 0
self.mouse_pos = mouse_pos
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self):
super(Player, self).__init__()
self.surf = pygame.Surface((40,40))
self.surf.fill((255,0,0))
self.rect = self.surf.get_rect()
self.pos = vec(0,144) # Position
self.vel = vec(0,0) # Velocity
self.acc = vec(0,0) # Acceleration
self.inventory = {} # Items can be added
self.mode = "destroy" # Mode. Probably will be changed later
self.selected_item = None # Selected item
def move(self, pressed_keys):
self.acc = vec(0,0.5)
if pressed_keys[K_LEFT]:
self.acc.x = -ACC
if pressed_keys[K_RIGHT]:
self.acc.x = ACC
self.acc.x += self.vel.x * FRIC
self.vel += self.acc
self.pos.x += self.vel.x + 0.5 * self.acc.x
self.rect.midbottom = self.pos
global cx, cy
cx = self.pos.x
cy = self.pos.y
hit_side = False
for entity in blocks:
if self.rect.colliderect(entity.rect):
# move left and hit the block on the right
if self.vel.x < 0 and self.rect.right > entity.rect.right:
self.rect.left = entity.rect.right
self.pos.x = self.rect.centerx
hit_side = True
# move right and hit the block on the left
if self.vel.x > 0 and self.rect.left < entity.rect.left:
self.rect.right = entity.rect.left
self.pos.x = self.rect.centerx
hit_side = True
if hit_side:
self.vel.x = 0
self.acc.x = 0
def update(self):
self.acc = vec(0,0.5)
if pressed_keys[K_LEFT]:
self.acc.x = -ACC
if pressed_keys[K_RIGHT]:
self.acc.x = ACC
self.acc.x += self.vel.x * FRIC
self.vel += self.acc
self.pos.x += self.vel.x + 0.5 * self.acc.x
self.rect.midbottom = self.pos
global cx, cy
cx = self.pos.x - 400
cy = self.pos.y - 400
hit_side = False
for entity in blocks:
if self.rect.colliderect(entity.rect):
# move left and hit the block on the right
if self.vel.x < 0 and self.rect.right > entity.rect.right:
self.rect.left = entity.rect.right
self.pos.x = self.rect.centerx
hit_side = True
# move right and hit the block on the left
if self.vel.x > 0 and self.rect.left < entity.rect.left:
self.rect.right = entity.rect.left
self.pos.x = self.rect.centerx
hit_side = True
if hit_side:
self.vel.x = 0
self.acc.x = 0
hits = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, blocks, False)
self.pos.y += self.vel.y + 0.5 * self.acc.y
self.rect.midbottom = self.pos
for entity in blocks:
if self.rect.colliderect(entity.rect):
if self.vel.y > 0:
self.rect.bottom = entity.rect.top
self.pos.y = self.rect.bottom
self.vel.y = 0
if self.vel.y > 0:
if hits:
self.pos.y = hits[0].rect.top + 1
self.vel.y = 0
def jump(self):
self.vel.y = -15
# Item class - Spawned when a player breaks a block.
class Item(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, image, x, y, type):
super(Item, self).__init__()
self.image = pygame.image.load('img2.png').convert_alpha()
self.image = pygame.transform.scale(self.image, (24,24))
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.pos = vec(x, y)
self.vel = vec(0,0)
self.acc = vec(0,0)
self.type = type
def move(self):
self.acc = vec(0,0.5)
self.acc.x += self.vel.x * FRIC
self.vel += self.acc
self.pos.x += self.vel.x + 0.5 * self.acc.x
self.rect.midbottom = self.pos
hit_side = False
for entity in blocks:
if self.rect.colliderect(entity.rect):
# move left and hit the block on the right
if self.vel.x < 0 and self.rect.right > entity.rect.right:
self.rect.left = entity.rect.right
self.pos.x = self.rect.centerx
hit_side = True
# move right and hit the block on the left
if self.vel.x > 0 and self.rect.left < entity.rect.left:
self.rect.right = entity.rect.left
self.pos.x = self.rect.centerx
hit_side = True
if hit_side:
self.vel.x = 0
self.acc.x = 0
def update(self):
hits = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, blocks, False)
self.pos.y += self.vel.y + 0.5 * self.acc.y
self.rect.midbottom = self.pos
for entity in blocks:
if self.rect.colliderect(entity.rect):
if self.vel.y > 0:
self.rect.bottom = entity.rect.top
self.pos.y = self.rect.bottom
self.vel.y = 0
if self.vel.y > 0:
if hits:
self.pos.y = hits[0].rect.top + 1
self.vel.y = 0
# Now we check if we hit the Player
if self.rect.colliderect(player.rect):
# Attempt to check the player inventory
if self.type not in player.inventory.keys():
player.inventory[self.type] = 1
self.kill()
else:
player.inventory.update({self.type: player.inventory.get(self.type) + 1})
self.kill()
player = Player()
blueblock = BlueBlock(0,0)
running = True
all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
blocks = pygame.sprite.Group()
items = pygame.sprite.Group()
miscBlocks = pygame.sprite.Group()
def drawGraph(graph, start):
y = start
x = 0
for item in graph:
if item == "O":
spr = BlueBlock(x, y)
spr.rect.x = x
spr.rect.y = y
all_sprites.add(spr)
miscBlocks.add(spr)
screen.blit(spr.surf, spr.rect)
x += 48
elif item == "G":
global cx
spr = textureblock("media/Grass.jpeg", x, y, "Grass")
spr.rect.x = x
spr.rect.y = y
all_sprites.add(spr)
blocks.add(spr)
screen.blit(spr.image, spr.rect)
x += 48
elif item == "S":
spr = textureblock("media/Stone.png",x,y, "Stone")
spr.rect.x = x
spr.rect.y = y
all_sprites.add(spr)
blocks.add(spr)
screen.blit(spr.image, spr.rect)
x += 48
elif item == "C":
spr = textureblock("media/Coal.jpeg",x,y, "Coal")
spr.rect.x = x
spr.rect.y = y
all_sprites.add(spr)
blocks.add(spr)
screen.blit(spr.image, spr.rect)
x += 48
elif item == "NL":
y += 48
x = 0
else:
print("Item not found: " + item)
print("[Debug] Generation finished. Amount of blocks: " + str(len(blocks.sprites())))
def randomGen(graph):
print("[Debug] Begin randomGen...")
# We assume the user has not done anything with the graph, so we add the sky and grass
for i in range(20):
newgraph.append('O')
newgraph.append('NL')
for i in range(20):
newgraph.append('O')
newgraph.append('NL')
for i in range(20):
newgraph.append('O')
newgraph.append('NL')
for i in range(20):
newgraph.append('O')
newgraph.append('NL')
for i in range(20):
newgraph.append('O')
newgraph.append('NL')
for i in range(20):
newgraph.append('G')
newgraph.append('NL')
# Next begins the random ore gen
for i in range(20):
x = 0
for i in range(20):
# Chance of coal - 1 in 15
iscoal = random.randint(1,15)
if iscoal == 6:
graph.append("C")
else:
graph.append("S")
x += 48
graph.append('NL')
print("[Debug] randomGen finished. Block Stats: %s air blocks, %s grass blocks, %s stone blocks, %s coal blocks, and %s newlines." % (str(graph.count('O')), str(graph.count('G')), str(graph.count('S')), str(graph.count('C')), str(graph.count('NL'))))
newgraph = []
randomGen(newgraph)
all_sprites.add(player)
def update():
screen.blit(player.surf, camera(player.rect))
for entity in blocks:
screen.blit(entity.image, camera(entity.rect))
for entity in items:
screen.blit(entity.image, camera(entity.rect))
pygame.display.update()
drawGraph(newgraph, 0)
# Calculate the size of the level
level_width = 0
for i in newgraph:
if i != "NL":
level_width += 1
elif i == "NL":
break
level_width = level_width * TILE_SIZE
level_height = (newgraph.count("NL")-1)*TILE_SIZE
print("[Debug] Calculated level width and height: %s and %s" % (str(level_width), str(level_height)))
while running:
screen.fill((0, 0, 255))
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
player.jump()
if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
running = False
pygame.quit()
if event.key == pygame.K_e:
if len(player.inventory) == 0:
print("Player Inventory: Empty")
else:
print("Player Inventory: " + str(player.inventory).replace("{", "").replace("}","").replace(":", " x").replace("'",""))
if event.key == pygame.K_b:
if player.mode == "build":
player.mode = "destroy"
elif player.mode == "destroy":
player.mode = "build"
print("Changed player mode to " + player.mode)
if event.key == pygame.K_1:
player.selected_item = list(player.inventory)[0]
print("Item: " + list(player.inventory)[0])
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
x,y = event.pos
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
pygame.quit()
miscBlocks.update()
blocks.update()
# blocks.draw(screen)
pressed_keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
for entity in items:
entity.move()
# Commented out because it lagged everything.
items.update()
player.update()
update()
img1 = font.render("FPS: " + str(clock.get_fps()), True, (255,255,0))
img2 = font.render("Mode: " + player.mode, True, (255,0,0))
try:
img3 = font.render("Selected Item: " + player.selected_item, True, (0,255,0))
except Exception:
img3 = font.render("Selected Item: None", True, (0,255,0))
screen.blit(img1, (0,0))
screen.blit(img2, (0,24))
screen.blit(img3, (0,48))
pygame.display.update()
!IMPORTANT!
Don't try do cx = playerx it will make your player go to the x 0, for example: if x = 500 and cx = 500 then the screen will blit at x 0. But you can do something like this cx = playerx - 400.
I hope it helped.

Related

How do I stop my character from shrinking when I change self.surf with a keybind?

i am trying to make the game switch players/sprite from the keybinds "left" and "right". However when i do, the sprite shrinks (keeping its hitbox) can anyone help?
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
img_player = pygame.image.load("../graphics/left_player.png")
self.image = pygame.transform.scale(img_player,(50, 50))
self.surf = self.image
self.rect = self.surf.get_rect()
self.pos = vec((10, 360))
self.vel = vec(0,0)
self.acc = vec(0,0)
self.jumping = False
self.score = 10
def move(self):
self.acc = vec(0,0.5)
pressed_keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if pressed_keys[K_LEFT]:
self.acc.x = -ACC
if pressed_keys[K_RIGHT]:
self.acc.x = ACC
self.acc.x += self.vel.x * FRIC
self.vel += self.acc
self.pos += self.vel + 0.5 * self.acc
if self.pos.x > WIDTH:
self.pos.x = 0
if self.pos.x < 0:
self.pos.x = WIDTH
self.rect.midbottom = self.pos
def jump(self):
hits = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, platforms, False)
if hits and not self.jumping:
self.jumping = True
self.vel.y = -15 + game_upgrade_jump
pygame.mixer.Sound.play(jump_sound)
def cancel_jump(self):
if self.jumping:
if self.vel.y < -3:
self.vel.y = -3
def update(self):
hits = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self ,platforms, False)
if self.vel.y > 0:
if hits:
if self.pos.y < hits[0].rect.bottom:
if hits[0].point == True:
hits[0].point = False
self.score += (1 + game_upgrade_points)
print('score changed: ', self.score)
self.pos.y = hits[0].rect.top +1
self.vel.y = 0
self.jumping = False
Create 2 images, one for the left side and one for the right side in the constructor of the class. An image can be flipped with pygame.display.flip. Select the correct image depending on the direction of movement in the move method:
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
img_player = pygame.image.load("../graphics/left_player.png")
self.right_image = pygame.transform.scale(img_player, (50, 50))
self.left_image = pygame.transform.flip(self.right_image, True, False)
slef.image = self.right_image
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.pos = vec((10, 360))
self.vel = vec(0,0)
self.acc = vec(0,0)
self.jumping = False
self.score = 10
def move(self):
self.acc = vec(0,0.5)
pressed_keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if pressed_keys[K_LEFT]:
self.acc.x = -ACC
slef.image = self.left_image
if pressed_keys[K_RIGHT]:
self.acc.x = ACC
slef.image = self.right_image
# [...]

Set sprite travel limit in pygame

In my code, my sprite can move in an x-axis left and right. However, it can go off the screen. I would like to prevent it from going outside the screen. I don't know how to do that I have tried writing:
if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT and player.rect.x > 0:
#player moves left
But it didn't work out. The player sprite just runs out of the screen and I can't make it come back. I'm open to all suggestions. Thanks in advance! I separated my code into three different files --> main.py:
import pygame
import os
import sys
import time
from pygame import mixer
from Sprite1 import *
from settings import *
'''
Setup
'''
pygame.init()
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
player = Player(all_sprites)
player.rect.x = 100
player.rect.y = 500
enemy_list = pygame.sprite.Group() # create enemy group
enemy = Enemy(enemy_list)# spawn enemy
enemy.rect.x = 400
enemy.rect.y = 470
showStartScreen(surface)
x = 0
'''
Main loop
'''
main = True
while main == True:
background = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images', 'Bg.png')).convert()
font = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 32)
text = font.render('Health:', True, BLACK, surface)
textRect = text.get_rect()
textRect.center = (60, 30)
rel_x = x % background.get_rect().width
surface.blit(background, (rel_x - background.get_rect().width, 0))
if rel_x < width:
surface.blit(background, (rel_x, 0))
if player.rect.x >= 560:
x -= 10
elif player.rect.x <= 400:
x += 10
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
main = False
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
player.control(-steps,0)
if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
player.control(steps,0)
if event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
player.control(steps,0)
if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
player.control(-steps,0)
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if not(isJump):
if keys[pygame.K_UP]:
isJump = True
else:
if jumpCount >= -10:
player.rect.y -= (jumpCount * abs(jumpCount)) * 1
jumpCount -= 2
else:
jumpCount = 10
isJump = False
if player.rect.y > width:
go_screen(surface)
surface.blit(text, textRect)
# dt = time since last tick in milliseconds.
dt = clock.tick(60) / 1000
all_sprites.update(dt, enemy_list)
player.update(dt, enemy_list)
enemy_list.update(dt, all_sprites)
all_sprites.draw(surface) #refresh player position
enemy_list.draw(surface)
for e in enemy_list:
e.move()
pygame.display.flip()
settings.py:
import pygame
isJump = False
jumpCount = 10
width = 960
height = 720
FONT_NAME = 'arial'
fps = 40 # frame rate
pygame.display.set_caption('B.S.G.')
surface = pygame.display.set_mode((width, height))
PLAYER_ACC = 0.5
PLAYER_FRICTION = -0.12
PLAYER_GRAV = 0.8
PLAYER_JUMP = 20
PLAYER_LAYER = 2
PLATFORM_LAYER = 1
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
steps = 10 # how fast to move
Sprite1:
import pygame
import sys
import os
import time
from pygame import mixer
from pygame.locals import *
from settings import *
vec = pygame.math.Vector2
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
def showStartScreen(surface):
show = True
while (show == True):
background = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images', 'Starting_scr.png'))
surface.blit(background, (0,0))
pygame.display.flip()
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
show = False
def go_screen(surface):
show = True
while (show == True):
background = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images', 'GO_screen.png'))
surface.blit(background, (0,0))
pygame.display.flip()
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, all_sprites):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
self.movex = 0
self.movey = 0
self.frame = 0
self.health = 100
self.jumping = False
self.images = []
self.imagesleft = []
self.imagesright = []
self.imagesdownl = []
self.imagesdownr = []
self.direction = "right"
self.alpha = (0,0,0)
self.ani = 4 # animation cycles
self.all_sprites = all_sprites
self.add(self.all_sprites)
self.fire_timer = .1
self.bullet_timer = .1
self.pos = vec(40, height - 100)
self.vel = vec(0, 0)
self.counter = 0
for i in range(1,5):
img = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images','hero' + str(i) + '.png')).convert()
img = pygame.transform.rotate(img, -90)
img.convert_alpha()
img.set_colorkey(self.alpha)
self.imagesdownl.append(img)
self.image = self.imagesdownl[0]
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
for i in range(1,5):
img = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images','hero' + str(i) + '.png')).convert()
img = pygame.transform.flip(img, False, True)
img = pygame.transform.rotate(img, -90)
img.convert_alpha()
img.set_colorkey(self.alpha)
self.imagesdownr.append(img)
self.image = self.imagesdownr[0]
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
for i in range(1,5):
img = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images','hero' + str(i) + '.png')).convert()
img = pygame.transform.flip(img, True, False)
img.convert_alpha()
img.set_colorkey(self.alpha)
self.imagesleft.append(img)
self.image = self.imagesleft[0]
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
for i in range(1,5):
img = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images','hero' + str(i) + '.png')).convert()
img.convert_alpha()
img.set_colorkey(self.alpha)
self.imagesright.append(img)
self.image = self.imagesright[0]
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
def control(self,x,y):
'''
control player movement
'''
self.movex += x
self.movey -= y
def update(self, dt, enemy_list):
'''
Update sprite position
'''
self.rect.x = self.rect.x + self.movex
self.rect.y = self.rect.y + self.movey
# moving left
if self.movex < 0:
self.frame += 1
if self.frame > 3*self.ani:
self.frame = 0
self.image = self.imagesleft[self.frame//self.ani]
self.direction = "left"
# moving right
if self.movex > 0:
self.frame += 1
if self.frame > 3*self.ani:
self.frame = 0
self.image = self.imagesright[self.frame//self.ani]
self.direction = "right"
enemy_hit_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, enemy_list, False)
for enemy in enemy_hit_list:
self.health -= 10
if self.direction == "left":
self.rect.x += 100
else:
self.rect.x -= 100
print(self.health)
if self.health <= 0:
distance = 20
speed = 10
if self.counter >= distance and self.counter <= distance*2:
self.rect.y -= speed
self.counter += 1
if self.rect.y < 291:
self.movey = 10
if self.direction == "left":
self.frame += 1
if self.frame > 3*self.ani:
self.frame = 0
self.image = self.imagesdownr[self.frame//self.ani]
if self.direction == "right":
self.frame += 1
if self.frame > 3*self.ani:
self.frame = 0
self.image = self.imagesdownl[self.frame//self.ani]
if self.rect.y > height:
self.kill()
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[pygame.K_SPACE]:
self.bullet_timer -= dt # Subtract the time since the last tick.
if keys[pygame.K_x]:
self.fire_timer -= dt
if self.bullet_timer <= 0:
self.bullet_timer = 100 # Bullet ready.
if keys: # Left mouse button.
# Create a new bullet instance and add it to the groups.
if self.direction == "right":
Bullet([self.rect.x + self.image.get_width(), self.rect.y + self.image.get_height()/2], self.direction, self.all_sprites)
else:
Bullet([self.rect.x, self.rect.y + self.image.get_height()/2], self.direction, self.all_sprites)
self.bullet_timer = .5 # Reset the timer.
if self.fire_timer <= 0:
self.fire_timer = 100
if keys:
if self.direction == "right":
Fire([self.rect.x + 170, self.rect.y + self.image.get_height()/2], self.direction, self.all_sprites)
else:
Fire([self.rect.x - 90, self.rect.y + self.image.get_height()/2], self.direction, self.all_sprites)
self.fire_timer = .1
class Enemy(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
'''
Spawn an enemy
'''
def __init__(self, enemy_list):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
self.movex = 0
self.movey = 0
self.health = 50
self.frame = 0
self.alpha = (0,0,0)
self.ani = 2 # animation cycles
self.enemy_list = enemy_list
self.add(self.enemy_list)
self.counter = 0 # counter variable
self.imagesleft = []
self.imagesright = []
for i in range(1,17):
img = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images','Bot' + str(i) + '.png')).convert()
img.convert_alpha()
img.set_colorkey(self.alpha)
self.imagesleft.append(img)
self.image = self.imagesleft[0]
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
for i in range(1,17):
img = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images','Bot' + str(i) + '.png')).convert()
img = pygame.transform.flip(img, True, False)
img.convert_alpha()
img.set_colorkey(self.alpha)
self.imagesright.append(img)
self.image = self.imagesright[0]
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
def move(self):
'''
enemy movement
'''
distance = 30
speed = 10
if self.counter >= 0 and self.counter <= distance:
self.rect.x += speed
self.frame += 1
if self.frame > 15*self.ani:
self.frame = 0
self.image = self.imagesright[self.frame//self.ani]
elif self.counter >= distance and self.counter <= distance*2:
self.rect.x -= speed
self.frame += 1
if self.frame > 15*self.ani:
self.frame = 0
self.image = self.imagesleft[self.frame//self.ani]
else:
self.counter = 0
self.counter += 1
def update(self, dt, all_sprites):
self.rect.x = self.rect.x + self.movex
self.rect.y = self.rect.y + self.movey
bullet_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, all_sprites, True)
for bullets in bullet_list:
self.health -= 10
print(self.health)
if self.health <= 0:
img = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images','E_dead.png')).convert()
img.convert_alpha()
img.set_colorkey(self.alpha)
self.image = img
distance = 5
speed = 10
if self.counter >= 0 and self.counter <= distance:
self.rect.x += speed
elif self.counter >= distance and self.counter <= distance*2:
self.rect.x -= speed
else:
self.counter = 0
self.counter += 1
self.movey = -20
if self.rect.y < -50:
self.kill()
class Bullet(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
IMAGE = None
FLIPPED_IMAGE = None
def __init__(self, pos, direction, *sprite_groups):
super().__init__(*sprite_groups)
# cache images
if not Bullet.IMAGE:
Bullet.IMAGE = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images','fireball.png'))
Bullet.FLIPPED_IMAGE = pygame.transform.flip(Bullet.IMAGE, True, False)
if direction == "right":
self.vel = pygame.math.Vector2(750, 0)
self.image = Bullet.IMAGE
else:
self.vel = pygame.math.Vector2(-750, 0)
self.image = Bullet.FLIPPED_IMAGE
self.pos = pygame.math.Vector2(pos)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center=pos)
def update(self, dt, enemy_list):
# Add the velocity to the position vector to move the sprite
self.pos += self.vel * dt
self.rect.center = self.pos # Update the rect pos.
if not pygame.display.get_surface().get_rect().colliderect(self.rect):
self.kill()
class Fire(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
IMAGE = None
FLIPPED_IMAGE = None
def __init__(self, pos, direction, *sprite_groups):
super().__init__(*sprite_groups)
# cache images
if not Fire.IMAGE:
Fire.IMAGE = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images','fire_drag.png'))
Fire.FLIPPED_IMAGE = pygame.transform.flip(Fire.IMAGE, True, False)
if direction == "right":
self.image = Fire.IMAGE
self.vel = pygame.math.Vector2(0, 0)
else:
self.image = Fire.FLIPPED_IMAGE
self.vel = pygame.math.Vector2(0, 0)
self.pos = pygame.math.Vector2(pos)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center=pos)
def update(self, dt, enemy_list):
self.too = True
self.pos += self.vel * dt
self.rect.center = self.pos # Update the rect pos.
if self.too == True:
self.kill()
Thanks again!
Player.control just set the moving direction of the player, but it doesn't move the player, so it is completely useless to omit the call of plyer.control(). You have to prevent and limit the movement of the player in the method update:
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
# [...]
def update(self, dt, enemy_list):
self.rect.x += self.movex
self.rect.y += self.movey
if self.rect.left < 0:
self.rect.left = 0
elif self.rect.right > width:
self.rect.right = width
if self.rect.top < 0:
self.rect.top = 0
elif self.rect.bottom > height:
self.rect.bottom = height
# [...]

Pygame - getting a sprite to cycle through images in a class, and assign a hitbox

TLDR; Code is below
I'm so done with pygame I'm just so confused,
like I guess I am learning more about classes, and loops and everything but, I think we bit off more than we can chew in this school project for just a few days of working on together (in-person). Going to school for Full Stacks Dev, and this is the first project they have us doing and I learn a lot from you on stackoverflow, but you give complex answers and we get them working but I guess i'm learning a lot about debugging.
Anyways, reason for so many pygame related questions for sure don't wanna be a pygame expert...
Zombie Code:
import pygame
import random
import math
# import fighting_game
# Player = player()
class ZombieEnemy(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
# zwalkRight = [pygame.image.load('images/zombiestandright1.png'), pygame.image.load('images/ztep.png'), pygame.image.load('imageszombiestandright1.png'), pygame.image.load('images/zombiestandright1.png')]
# zwalkLeft = [(pygame.image.load('images/zombiestandleft.png'), pygame.image.load('images/ztepleft.png'), pygame.image.load('images/zombiestandleft.png'), pygame.image.load('images/ztep2.png')]
def __init__(self, x=300, y=360):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
self.image = pygame.image.load('images/zombie.png')
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.rect.center = (x, y)
self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)
def move_towards_player(self, player):
# Find direction vector (dx, dy) between enemy and player.
dx, dy = player.rect.x - self.rect.x, player.rect.y - self.rect.y
dist = math.hypot (dx, dy)
dx, dy = dx / dist, dy / dist # Normalize
# Move along this normalized vector towards the player
self.rect.x += dx * 10
self.rect.y += dy * 0
Main Code:
import pygame
import math
import random
from Zombie import *
# from pygame.locals import *
pygame.init()
win = pygame.display.set_mode((900,567))
pygame.display.set_caption("Power Rangers ZOMBIES")
walkRight = [pygame.image.load('images/walk1.png'), pygame.image.load('images/walk2.png'), pygame.image.load('images/walk3.png'), pygame.image.load('images/walk4.png'), pygame.image.load('images/walk5.png'), pygame.image.load('images/walk6.png')]
walkLeft = [pygame.image.load('images/leftwalk2.png'), pygame.image.load('images/leftwalk3.png'), pygame.image.load('images/leftwalk4.png'), pygame.image.load('images/leftwalk5.png'), pygame.image.load('images/leftwalk6.png'), pygame.image.load('images/leftwalk7.png')]
bg = pygame.image.load('images/background.png')
char = pygame.image.load('images/standingstill.png')
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self,x,y,width,height):
self.image = pygame.Surface((144,200))
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.width = width
self.height = height
self.vel = 0
self.isJump = False
self.left = False
self.right = False
self.walkCount = 0
self.jumpCount = 10
self.rect.x = x
self.rect.y = y
def draw(self, win):
if self.walkCount + 1 >= 18:
self.walkCount = 0
if self.left:
win.blit(walkLeft[self.walkCount//3], (self.x,self.y))
self.walkCount += 1
elif self.right:
win.blit(walkRight[self.walkCount//3], (self.x,self.y))
self.walkCount +=1
else:
win.blit(char, (self.x,self.y))
class Background(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, image_file, location):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) #call Sprite initializer
self.image = pygame.image.load('images/background.png')
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.rect.left, self.rect.top = location
BackGround = Background('images/background.png', [0,0])
# def redrawGameWindow():
# win.blit(bg, (0,0))
# man.draw(win)
# pygame.display.update()
all_zombies = pygame.sprite.Group()
#mainloop
man = Player(100, 340, 40, 60)
run = True
for i in range( 50 ):
new_x = random.randrange( 0, 10000) # random x-position
# new_y = random.randrange( 0, ) # random y-position
z = ZombieEnemy(new_x)
all_zombies.add(z) # create, and add to group
z.move_towards_player(man)
#####
while run:
clock.tick(27)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT] and man.x > man.vel:
BackGround.rect.left = BackGround.rect.left + int(10)
man.x -= man.vel
man.left = True
man.right = False
elif keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]: #and man.x < 500 - man.width - man.vel:
BackGround.rect.left = BackGround.rect.left - int(10)
man.x += man.vel
man.right = True
man.left = False
else:
man.right = False
man.left = False
man.walkCount = 0
if not(man.isJump):
if keys[pygame.K_SPACE]:
man.isJump = True
man.right = False
man.left = False
man.walkCount = 0
else:
if man.jumpCount >= -10:
neg = 1
if man.jumpCount < 0:
neg = -1
man.y -= (man.jumpCount ** 2) * 0.5 * neg
man.jumpCount -= 1
else:
man.isJump = False
man.jumpCount = 10
# redrawGameWindow()
for zombie in all_zombies:
zombie.move_towards_player(man)
win.blit(BackGround.image, BackGround.rect)
all_zombies.update()
man.draw(win)
all_zombies.draw(win)
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.quit()
The player (man) is a Sprite and the all the zombies are in the Group all_zombies.
Use pygame.sprite.spritecollide() to finde collisions between a zombie and the player. e.g.:
if pygame.sprite.spritecollide(man, all_zombies, False):
print("hit")
To make that work you have to track the position oft the player in the .rect attribute., because that is used by pygame.sprite.spritecollide to finde the collisions.
You don't need the attributes .x and .y at all. e.g.:
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self,x,y,width,height):
# [...]
self.rect.x = x
self.rect.y = y
def draw(self, win):
if self.walkCount + 1 >= 18:
self.walkCount = 0
if self.left:
win.blit(walkLeft[self.walkCount//3], (self.rect.x,self.rect.y))
self.walkCount += 1
elif self.right:
win.blit(walkRight[self.walkCount//3], (self.rect.x,self.rect.y))
self.walkCount +=1
else:
win.blit(char, (self.rect.x,self.rect.y))
while run:
# [...]
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT] and man.rect.x > man.vel:
BackGround.rect.left = BackGround.rect.left + int(10)
man.rect.x -= man.vel
man.left = True
man.right = False
elif keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]: #and man.x < 500 - man.width - man.vel:
BackGround.rect.left = BackGround.rect.left - int(10)
man.rect.x += man.vel
man.right = True
man.left = False
else:
man.right = False
man.left = False
man.walkCount = 0

Player jumps only once using player.jump in pygame

I am trying to make my player jump (from this tutorial https://opensource.com/article/19/12/jumping-python-platformer-game) but it only jumps once when you press key_up or key "w". And when I look at the output produced in the terminal while I am running the game.py file I see that it was printed jump several times in the terminal.
game.py:
import pygame
import sys
import os
'''
Objects
'''
class Platform(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
# x location, y location, img width, img height, img file
def __init__(self,xloc,yloc,imgw,imgh,img):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
self.image = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images',img)).convert()
self.image.convert_alpha()
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.rect.y = yloc
self.rect.x = xloc
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
'''
Spawn a player
'''
def __init__(self):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
self.movex = 0
self.movey = 0
self.frame = 0
self.health = 10
# gravity variables here
self.collide_delta = 0
self.jump_delta = 6
self.score = 1
self.images = []
for i in range(1,9):
img = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images','spr' + str(i) + '.png')).convert()
img.convert_alpha()
img.set_colorkey(ALPHA)
self.images.append(img)
self.image = self.images[0]
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
def jump(self,platform_list):
self.jump_delta = 0
def gravity(self):
self.movey += 3.2 # how fast player falls
if self.movey >= 15:
self.movey = 6
if self.rect.bottom > worldy and self.movey >= 0: # <-- uses bottom
self.movey = 0
self.rect.bottom = worldy # <-- uses bottom
def control(self,x,y):
'''
control player movement
'''
self.movex += x
self.movey += y
def update(self):
'''
Update sprite position
'''
plat_hit_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, plat_list, False)
for p in plat_hit_list:
self.collide_delta = 0 # stop jumping
self.movey = 0
if self.rect.y > p.rect.y:
self.rect.y = p.rect.y+ty
else:
self.rect.y = p.rect.y-ty
if self.collide_delta < 6 and self.jump_delta < 6:
self.jump_delta = 6*2
self.movey -= 33 # how high to jump
self.collide_delta += 6
self.jump_delta += 6
self.rect.x = self.rect.x + self.movex
self.rect.y = self.rect.y + self.movey
# moving left
if self.movex < 0:
self.frame += 1
if self.frame > ani*3:
self.frame = 0
self.image = self.images[self.frame//ani]
# moving right
if self.movex > 0:
self.frame += 1
if self.frame > ani*3:
self.frame = 0
self.image = self.images[(self.frame//ani)+4]
# collisions
enemy_hit_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, enemy_list, False)
for enemy in enemy_hit_list:
self.health -= 1
print(self.health)
plat_hit_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, plat_list, False)
for p in plat_hit_list:
self.rect.bottom = p.rect.top
ground_hit_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, ground_list, False)
for g in ground_hit_list:
self.movey = 0
self.rect.y = worldy-ty-ty
self.collide_delta = 0 # stop jumping
if self.rect.y > g.rect.y:
self.health -= 1
print(self.health)
class Enemy(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
'''
Spawn an enemy
'''
def __init__(self,x,y,img):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
self.image = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images',img))
#self.image.convert_alpha()
#self.image.set_colorkey(ALPHA)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.rect.x = x
self.rect.y = y
self.counter = 0
def move(self):
'''
enemy movement
'''
distance = 80
speed = 8
if self.counter >= 0 and self.counter <= distance:
self.rect.x += speed
elif self.counter >= distance and self.counter <= distance*2:
self.rect.x -= speed
else:
self.counter = 0
self.counter += 1
class Level():
def bad(lvl,eloc):
if lvl == 1:
enemy = Enemy(eloc[0],eloc[1],'yeti.png') # spawn enemy
enemy_list = pygame.sprite.Group() # create enemy group
enemy_list.add(enemy) # add enemy to group
if lvl == 2:
print("Level " + str(lvl) )
return enemy_list
def loot(lvl,lloc):
print(lvl)
def ground(lvl,gloc,tx,ty):
ground_list = pygame.sprite.Group()
i=0
if lvl == 1:
while i < len(gloc):
ground = Platform(gloc[i],worldy-ty,tx,ty,'ground.png')
ground_list.add(ground)
i=i+1
if lvl == 2:
print("Level " + str(lvl) )
return ground_list
def platform(lvl,tx,ty):
plat_list = pygame.sprite.Group()
ploc = []
i=0
if lvl == 1:
ploc.append((0,worldy-ty-128,3))
ploc.append((300,worldy-ty-256,3))
ploc.append((500,worldy-ty-128,4))
while i < len(ploc):
j=0
while j <= ploc[i][2]:
plat = Platform((ploc[i][0]+(j*tx)),ploc[i][1],tx,ty,'ground.png')
plat_list.add(plat)
j=j+1
print('run' + str(i) + str(ploc[i]))
i=i+1
if lvl == 2:
print("Level " + str(lvl) )
return plat_list
'''
Setup
'''
worldx = 960
worldy = 720
fps = 40 # frame rate
ani = 4 # animation cycles
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
pygame.init()
main = True
BLUE = (25,25,200)
BLACK = (23,23,23 )
WHITE = (254,254,254)
ALPHA = (0,255,0)
world = pygame.display.set_mode([worldx,worldy])
backdrop = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images','stage.png')).convert()
backdropbox = world.get_rect()
player = Player() # spawn player
player.rect.x = 0
player.rect.y = 0
player_list = pygame.sprite.Group()
player_list.add(player)
steps = 10 # how fast to move
eloc = []
eloc = [200,20]
gloc = []
#gloc = [0,630,64,630,128,630,192,630,256,630,320,630,384,630]
tx = 64 #tile size
ty = 64 #tile size
i=0
while i <= (worldx/tx)+tx:
gloc.append(i*tx)
i=i+1
enemy_list = Level.bad( 1, eloc )
ground_list = Level.ground( 1,gloc,tx,ty )
plat_list = Level.platform( 1,tx,ty )
'''
Main loop
'''
while main == True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit(); sys.exit()
main = False
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT or event.key == ord('a'):
print("LEFT")
player.control(-steps,0)
if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT or event.key == ord('d'):
print("RIGHT")
player.control(steps,0)
if event.key == pygame.K_UP or event.key == ord('w'):
print('jump')
if event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT or event.key == ord('a'):
player.control(steps,0)
if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT or event.key == ord('d'):
player.control(-steps,0)
if event.key == pygame.K_UP or event.key == ord('w'):
player.jump(plat_list)
if event.key == ord('q'):
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
main = False
world.blit(backdrop, backdropbox)
player.gravity() # check gravity
player.update()
player_list.draw(world)
enemy_list.draw(world)
ground_list.draw(world)
plat_list.draw(world)
for e in enemy_list:
e.move()
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(fps)
The original images are from here https://opengameart.org/sites/default/files/opp2_sprites.zip but I have separated in imgur for easy explanation:
content folder images:
For enemy (sprit) is yeti.png:
For background is stage.png: https://imgur.com/YyiEJ0q
and the image of the player: spr.png:
To do a jump, self.collide_delta and self.jump_delta have to be less than 6. See your code:
if self.collide_delta < 6 and self.jump_delta < 6:
self.jump_delta = 6*2
The issue is that self.collide_delta is not set 0, when the player hits a platform:
(in the 2nd case)
plat_hit_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, plat_list, False)
for p in plat_hit_list:
self.rect.bottom = p.rect.top
self.collide_delta = 0 # <----- this is missing

pygame spritesheet sprite animation

I am trying to make a walking animation for my sprite (4 directional) by using 4 different sprite sheets (Movement up, down, left and right). As well as this, I would like to replace the coloured square with the image/s but am unsure as how I am supposed to do this. Below is the main.py game file:
import pygame as pg
import sys
from settings import *
from os import path
from sprites import *
from tilemap import *
class Spritesheet:
def __init__(self, filename, cols, rows):
self.sheet = pg.image.load(filename)
self.cols = cols #no. of columns in spritesheet
self.rows = rows #no. of rows
self.totalCellCount = cols*rows
self.rect=self.sheet.get_rect()
w = self.cellWidth = self.rect.width / cols
h = self.cellHeight = self.rect.height / rows
hw, hh = self.cellCenter = (w / 2, h / 2)
self.cells = list([(index % cols * w, index // cols * h, w, h) for index in range(self.totalCellCount)])
self.handle = list([
(0, 0), (-hw, 0), (-w, 0),
(0, -hh), (-hw, -hh), (-w, -hh),
(0, -h), (-hw, -h), (-w, -h),])
def draw(self, surface, cellIndex, x, y, handle = 0):
surface.blit(self.sheet, (x + self.handle[handle][0], y + self.handle[handle][1]), self.cells[cellIndex])
CENTER_HANDLE = 4
index = 0
class Game:
def __init__(self):
pg.init()
self.screen=pg.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pg.display.set_caption(TITLE)
self.clock = pg.time.Clock()
pg.key.set_repeat(500, 100)
self.load_data()
def load_data(self):
game_folder = path.dirname(__file__)
img_folder = path.join(game_folder, 'img')
self.map= Map(path.join(game_folder, 'map.txt'))
def new(self):
# initialize all variables and do all the setup for a new game
self.all_sprites = pg.sprite.Group()
self.walls = pg.sprite.Group()
self.player1group = pg.sprite.Group()
self.player2group = pg.sprite.Group()
for row, tiles in enumerate(self.map.data):
for col, tile in enumerate(tiles):
if tile == '1':
Wall(self, col, row)
if tile =='P':
self.player = Civilian(self, col, row)
if tile =='T':
self.player2 = Thief(self, col, row)
def run(self):
# game loop - set self.playing = False to end the game
self.playing = True
while self.playing:
self.dt = self.clock.tick(FPS) / 1000
self.events()
self.update()
self.draw()
def quit(self):
pg.quit() #Calls the quit function, game window closes
sys.exit()
def update(self):
# update portion of the game loop
self.all_sprites.update() #All sprite attributes, position etc are updated
def draw_grid(self):
for x in range(0, WIDTH, TILESIZE):
pg.draw.line(self.screen, LIGHTGREY, (x, 0), (x, HEIGHT))
for y in range(0, HEIGHT, TILESIZE):
pg.draw.line(self.screen, LIGHTGREY, (0, y), (WIDTH, y))
def draw(self):
self.screen.fill(BGCOLOR)
self.draw_grid()
self.all_sprites.draw(self.screen)
pg.display.flip()
def events(self):
# catch all events here
for event in pg.event.get():
if event.type == pg.QUIT:
self.quit()
if event.type == pg.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pg.K_ESCAPE:
self.quit()
def show_start_screen(self):
pass
def show_go_screen(self):
pass
# create the game object
g = Game()
g.show_start_screen()
while True:
g.new()
g.run()
g.show_go_screen()
Here is the sprites.py file, cont. sprite classes
import pygame as pg
from settings import *
vec = pg.math.Vector2
class Civilian(pg.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, game, x, y):
self.groups = game.all_sprites, game.player1group
pg.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self, self.groups)
self.game = game
self.image = pg.Surface((TILESIZE, TILESIZE))
self.image.fill(YELLOW)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.vel = vec(0, 0)
self.pos = vec(x, y) * TILESIZE
def get_keys(self):
self.vel= vec(0, 0)
keys = pg.key.get_pressed()
if keys[pg.K_a]: # Const. subtracts player speed from velocity (E.g. Moves sprite to the left)
self.vel.x= -PLAYER_SPEED
if keys[pg.K_d]: # Const. adds player speed value to velocity (E.g. Moves sprite to the right)
self.vel.x= PLAYER_SPEED
if keys[pg.K_w]: # Const. subtracts player speed value from y velocity (Moves player upwards; opposite)
self.vel.y= -PLAYER_SPEED
if keys[pg.K_s]: # Const. adds player speed value to y velocity (Moves player downwards; opposite)
self.vel.y= PLAYER_SPEED
if self.vel.x != 0 and self.vel.y != 0: # Offsetting increased vecocity when moving diagonally (Has both x and y velocity)
self.vel *= 0.7071
def collide_with_player2(self, dir, ifColliding):
if dir == 'x':
collides = pg.sprite.spritecollide(self, self.game.player2group, False)
if collides:
if self.vel.x > 0:
self.pos.x = collides[0].rect.left - self.rect.width
if self.vel.x < 0:
self.pos.x = collides[0].rect.right
self.vel.x = 0
self.rect.x = self.pos.x
print("collide x")
self.ifColliding = True
if dir == 'y':
collides = pg.sprite.spritecollide(self, self.game.player2group, False)
if collides:
if self.vel.y > 0:
self.pos.y = collides[0].rect.top - self.rect.height
if self.vel.y < 0:
self.pos.y = collides[0].rect.bottom
self.vel.y = 0
self.rect.y = self.pos.y
print("collide y")
self.ifColliding = True
def collide_with_walls(self, dir):
if dir == 'x':
collides = pg.sprite.spritecollide(self, self.game.walls, False)
if collides:
if self.vel.x > 0:
self.pos.x = collides[0].rect.left - self.rect.width
if self.vel.x < 0:
self.pos.x = collides[0].rect.right
self.vel.x = 0
self.rect.x = self.pos.x
if dir == 'y':
collides = pg.sprite.spritecollide(self, self.game.walls, False)
if collides:
if self.vel.y > 0:
self.pos.y = collides[0].rect.top - self.rect.height
if self.vel.y < 0:
self.pos.y = collides[0].rect.bottom
self.vel.y = 0
self.rect.y = self.pos.y
def update(self):
self.ifColliding = False
self.get_keys()
self.pos += self.vel * self.game.dt
self.rect.x = self.pos.x
self.collide_with_walls('x'), self.collide_with_player2('x', self.ifColliding)
self.rect.y = self.pos.y
self.collide_with_walls('y'), self.collide_with_player2('y', self.ifColliding)
if self.ifColliding == True:
Thief.health -= COL_DAMAGE
print(Thief.health)
class Thief(pg.sprite.Sprite):
health = 100
def __init__(self, game, x, y):
self.groups = game.all_sprites, game.player2group
pg.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self, self.groups)
self.game = game
self.image = pg.Surface((TILESIZE, TILESIZE))
self.image.fill(RED)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.vel = vec(0, 0)
self.pos = vec(x, y) * TILESIZE
s = Spritesheet("spritesheet_thief.png", 9, 4)
def get_keys(self):
self.vel = vec(0, 0)
keys = pg.key.get_pressed()
if keys[pg.K_LEFT]: # Const. subtracts player speed from velocity (E.g. Moves sprite to the left)
self.vel.x= -PLAYER_SPEED
elif keys[pg.K_RIGHT]: # Const. adds player speed value to velocity (E.g. Moves sprite to the right)
self.vel.x= PLAYER_SPEED
elif keys[pg.K_UP]: # Const. subtracts player speed value from y velocity (Moves player upwards; opposite)
self.vel.y= -PLAYER_SPEED
elif keys[pg.K_DOWN]: # Const. adds player speed value to y velocity (Moves player downwards; opposite)
self.vel.y= PLAYER_SPEED
elif self.vel.x != 0 and self.vel.y != 0: # Offsetting increased vecocity when moving diagonally (Has both x and y velocity)
self.vel *= 0.7071
def collide_with_player1(self, dir, ifColliding):
if dir == 'x':
collides = pg.sprite.spritecollide(self, self.game.player1group, False)
if collides:
if self.vel.x > 0:
self.pos.x = collides[0].rect.left - self.rect.width
if self.vel.x < 0:
self.pos.x = collides[0].rect.right
self.vel.x = 0
self.rect.x = self.pos.x
print("collide x")
self.ifColliding = True
if dir == 'y':
collides = pg.sprite.spritecollide(self, self.game.player1group, False)
if collides:
if self.vel.y > 0:
self.pos.y = collides[0].rect.top - self.rect.height
if self.vel.y < 0:
self.pos.y = collides[0].rect.bottom
self.vel.y = 0
self.rect.y = self.pos.y
print("collide y")
self.ifColliding = True
def collide_with_walls(self, dir):
if dir == 'x':
collides = pg.sprite.spritecollide(self, self.game.walls, False)
if collides:
if self.vel.x > 0:
self.pos.x = collides[0].rect.left - self.rect.width
if self.vel.x < 0:
self.pos.x = collides[0].rect.right
self.vel.x = 0
self.rect.x = self.pos.x
if dir == 'y':
collides = pg.sprite.spritecollide(self, self.game.walls, False)
if collides:
if self.vel.y > 0:
self.pos.y = collides[0].rect.top - self.rect.height
if self.vel.y < 0:
self.pos.y = collides[0].rect.bottom
self.vel.y = 0
self.rect.y = self.pos.y
def update(self):
s.draw(self.game.screen, index % s.totalCellCount, HW, HH, CENTER_HANDLE)
index += 1
self.ifColliding = False
self.get_keys()
self.pos += self.vel * self.game.dt
self.rect.x = self.pos.x
self.collide_with_walls('x'), self.collide_with_player1('x', self.ifColliding)
self.rect.y = self.pos.y
self.collide_with_walls('y'), self.collide_with_player1('y', self.ifColliding)
if Thief.health <= 0:
self.kill()
class Wall(pg.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, game, x, y):
self.groups = game.all_sprites, game.walls
pg.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self, self.groups)
self.game = game
self.image = pg.Surface((TILESIZE, TILESIZE))
self.image.fill(GREEN)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.rect.x = x * TILESIZE
self.rect.y = y * TILESIZE
Hoping to run through a row of cells within the sprite sheet depending on the direction the sprite is moving in and set that as the sprite image (Giving the illusion that the player sprite is animated)
Any help would be appreciated, sorry if the Question is confusing, first time using the site and not too good at coding at the current stage.
Load four images as
self.image_up = pygame.image.load(...)
self.image_down = pygame.image.load(...)
self.image_left = pygame.image.load(...)
self.image_right = pygame.image.load(...)
and later when you need it replace
self.image = self.image_up
or
self.image = self.image_down
etc.
If you have all positions in one file then you can use pygame.Surface.subsurface to cut off part of image and create new one
spritesheet = pygame.image.load(...)
self.image_up = spritesheet.subsurface( Rect(0,0,10,10) )
self.image_down = spritesheet.subsurface( Rect(...) )
self.image_left = spritesheet.subsurface( Rect(...) )
self.image_right = spritesheet.subsurface( Rect(...) )
My simple example (with all positions in one file) on GitHub: pygame-spritesheet
Use left/right arrows to move object and it will use different image.

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