This question already has answers here:
Pygame window not responding after a few seconds
(3 answers)
Closed 12 months ago.
I have the following code to demonstrate my problem:
import pygame
import random
import time
def randPoint(w,h):
p = int(random.random()*w),int(random.random()*h)
return p
width=1000
height=1000
screenColor=(0,0,0)
lineColor=(255,255,255)
pygame.init()
screen=pygame.display.set_mode((width,height))
count = 0
while True:
screen.fill(screenColor)
start = randPoint(width,height)
end = randPoint(width,height)
pygame.draw.line(screen, (255, 255, 255), start, end)
pygame.display.flip()
print(count)
count += 1
time.sleep(0.05)
After about 100 frames the pygame window freezes although the console continues to print new frame counts. What am I missing here?
You'll need to call the pygame.event.get() method within the while loop:
while True:
pygame.event.get()
screen.fill(screenColor)
start = randPoint(width,height)
end = randPoint(width,height)
pygame.draw.line(screen, (255, 255, 255), start, end)
pygame.display.flip()
print(count)
count += 1
time.sleep(0.05)
The above stops the program from freezing, but if you want the X button to work on the window, allowing it to close upon command, simply add this for loop:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
You have to handle the events in the application loop. See pygame.event.get() respectively pygame.event.pump():
For each frame of your game, you will need to make some sort of call to the event queue. This ensures your program can internally interact with the rest of the operating system.
If you don't handle the events, the application stops responding.
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
running = True
while running:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
screen.fill(screenColor)
start = randPoint(width,height)
end = randPoint(width,height)
pygame.draw.line(screen, (255, 255, 255), start, end)
pygame.display.flip()
print(count)
count += 1
clock.tick(20)
The typical PyGame application loop has to:
limit the frames per second to limit CPU usage with pygame.time.Clock.tick
handle the events by calling either pygame.event.pump() or pygame.event.get().
update the game states and positions of objects dependent on the input events and time (respectively frames)
clear the entire display or draw the background
draw the entire scene (blit all the objects)
update the display by calling either pygame.display.update() or pygame.display.flip()
Related
While I've been using time.wait in my code since I began learning Python and Pygame, I've been wondering if there are any other ways to do it and what are the advantages and disadvantages of each approach. For example, Pygame also has a pygame.time.wait. What's the difference between python's wait and pygame's wait functions? Which one is better? And are there other ways to wait some time besides using these two functions?
For animation / cooldowns, etc: If you want to 'wait', but still have code running you use: pygame.time.get_ticks
class Unit():
def __init__(self):
self.last = pygame.time.get_ticks()
self.cooldown = 300
def fire(self):
# fire gun, only if cooldown has been 0.3 seconds since last
now = pygame.time.get_ticks()
if now - self.last >= self.cooldown:
self.last = now
spawn_bullet()
For Python in general, you will want to look at the sleep library.
For Pygame, however, using pygame.time.delay() will pause for a given number of milliseconds based on the CPU clock for more accuracy (as opposed to pygame.time.wait).
If you just wait for some time, you can use pygame.time.wait or pygame.time.delay. However, if you want to display a message and then wait some time, you need to update the display beforehand. The display is updated only if either pygame.display.update() or pygame.display.flip()
is called. See pygame.display.flip():
This will update the contents of the entire display.
Further you've to handles the events with pygame.event.pump(), before the update of the display becomes visible in the window. See pygame.event.pump():
For each frame of your game, you will need to make some sort of call to the event queue. This ensures your program can internally interact with the rest of the operating system.
This all means that you have to call pygame.display.flip() and pygame.event.pump() before pygame.time.delay() or pygame.time.wait():
screen.blit(text, (x, y))
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.event.pump()
pygame.time.delay(delay * 1000) # 1 second == 1000 milliseconds
See also Why doesn't PyGame draw in the window before the delay or sleep?
In any case, this is not the way to wait or delay something in a typical application. The game does not respond while you wait. Use pygame.time.get_ticks() to measure the time.
For instance if you want to show a message on the display, get the current time and calculate the point in time after that the message has to disappear. Display the message as long as the current time is below the calculated time:
message_end_time = 0
run = True
while run:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
# [...]
current_time = pygame.time.get_ticks()
if something_has_happened:
message_surf = font.render('Important message!', True, (255, 0, 0))
message_end_time = pygame.time.get_ticks() + 3000 # display for 3 seconds
window.fill(0)
# [...]
if current_time < message_end_time:
window.blit(message_surf, (x, y))
pygame.display.flip()
See also How do I stop more than 1 bullet firing at once?
Minimal example: repl.it/#Rabbid76/PyGame-MessageDelay
import pygame
pygame.init()
font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 50)
text = font.render('press key or mouse', True, (255, 0, 0))
window = pygame.display.set_mode((500, 200))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
message_end_time = pygame.time.get_ticks() + 3000
run = True
while run:
clock.tick(60)
current_time = pygame.time.get_ticks()
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
text = font.render(pygame.key.name(event.key) + ' pressed', True, (255, 0, 0))
message_end_time = pygame.time.get_ticks() + 2000
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
text = font.render('button ' + str(event.button) + ' pressed', True, (255, 0, 0))
message_end_time = pygame.time.get_ticks() + 2000
window.fill(0)
if current_time < message_end_time:
window.blit(text, text.get_rect(center = window.get_rect().center))
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.quit()
exit()
While I've been using time.wait in my code since I began learning Python and Pygame, I've been wondering if there are any other ways to do it and what are the advantages and disadvantages of each approach. For example, Pygame also has a pygame.time.wait. What's the difference between python's wait and pygame's wait functions? Which one is better? And are there other ways to wait some time besides using these two functions?
For animation / cooldowns, etc: If you want to 'wait', but still have code running you use: pygame.time.get_ticks
class Unit():
def __init__(self):
self.last = pygame.time.get_ticks()
self.cooldown = 300
def fire(self):
# fire gun, only if cooldown has been 0.3 seconds since last
now = pygame.time.get_ticks()
if now - self.last >= self.cooldown:
self.last = now
spawn_bullet()
For Python in general, you will want to look at the sleep library.
For Pygame, however, using pygame.time.delay() will pause for a given number of milliseconds based on the CPU clock for more accuracy (as opposed to pygame.time.wait).
If you just wait for some time, you can use pygame.time.wait or pygame.time.delay. However, if you want to display a message and then wait some time, you need to update the display beforehand. The display is updated only if either pygame.display.update() or pygame.display.flip()
is called. See pygame.display.flip():
This will update the contents of the entire display.
Further you've to handles the events with pygame.event.pump(), before the update of the display becomes visible in the window. See pygame.event.pump():
For each frame of your game, you will need to make some sort of call to the event queue. This ensures your program can internally interact with the rest of the operating system.
This all means that you have to call pygame.display.flip() and pygame.event.pump() before pygame.time.delay() or pygame.time.wait():
screen.blit(text, (x, y))
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.event.pump()
pygame.time.delay(delay * 1000) # 1 second == 1000 milliseconds
See also Why doesn't PyGame draw in the window before the delay or sleep?
In any case, this is not the way to wait or delay something in a typical application. The game does not respond while you wait. Use pygame.time.get_ticks() to measure the time.
For instance if you want to show a message on the display, get the current time and calculate the point in time after that the message has to disappear. Display the message as long as the current time is below the calculated time:
message_end_time = 0
run = True
while run:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
# [...]
current_time = pygame.time.get_ticks()
if something_has_happened:
message_surf = font.render('Important message!', True, (255, 0, 0))
message_end_time = pygame.time.get_ticks() + 3000 # display for 3 seconds
window.fill(0)
# [...]
if current_time < message_end_time:
window.blit(message_surf, (x, y))
pygame.display.flip()
See also How do I stop more than 1 bullet firing at once?
Minimal example: repl.it/#Rabbid76/PyGame-MessageDelay
import pygame
pygame.init()
font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 50)
text = font.render('press key or mouse', True, (255, 0, 0))
window = pygame.display.set_mode((500, 200))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
message_end_time = pygame.time.get_ticks() + 3000
run = True
while run:
clock.tick(60)
current_time = pygame.time.get_ticks()
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
text = font.render(pygame.key.name(event.key) + ' pressed', True, (255, 0, 0))
message_end_time = pygame.time.get_ticks() + 2000
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
text = font.render('button ' + str(event.button) + ' pressed', True, (255, 0, 0))
message_end_time = pygame.time.get_ticks() + 2000
window.fill(0)
if current_time < message_end_time:
window.blit(text, text.get_rect(center = window.get_rect().center))
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.quit()
exit()
While I've been using time.wait in my code since I began learning Python and Pygame, I've been wondering if there are any other ways to do it and what are the advantages and disadvantages of each approach. For example, Pygame also has a pygame.time.wait. What's the difference between python's wait and pygame's wait functions? Which one is better? And are there other ways to wait some time besides using these two functions?
For animation / cooldowns, etc: If you want to 'wait', but still have code running you use: pygame.time.get_ticks
class Unit():
def __init__(self):
self.last = pygame.time.get_ticks()
self.cooldown = 300
def fire(self):
# fire gun, only if cooldown has been 0.3 seconds since last
now = pygame.time.get_ticks()
if now - self.last >= self.cooldown:
self.last = now
spawn_bullet()
For Python in general, you will want to look at the sleep library.
For Pygame, however, using pygame.time.delay() will pause for a given number of milliseconds based on the CPU clock for more accuracy (as opposed to pygame.time.wait).
If you just wait for some time, you can use pygame.time.wait or pygame.time.delay. However, if you want to display a message and then wait some time, you need to update the display beforehand. The display is updated only if either pygame.display.update() or pygame.display.flip()
is called. See pygame.display.flip():
This will update the contents of the entire display.
Further you've to handles the events with pygame.event.pump(), before the update of the display becomes visible in the window. See pygame.event.pump():
For each frame of your game, you will need to make some sort of call to the event queue. This ensures your program can internally interact with the rest of the operating system.
This all means that you have to call pygame.display.flip() and pygame.event.pump() before pygame.time.delay() or pygame.time.wait():
screen.blit(text, (x, y))
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.event.pump()
pygame.time.delay(delay * 1000) # 1 second == 1000 milliseconds
See also Why doesn't PyGame draw in the window before the delay or sleep?
In any case, this is not the way to wait or delay something in a typical application. The game does not respond while you wait. Use pygame.time.get_ticks() to measure the time.
For instance if you want to show a message on the display, get the current time and calculate the point in time after that the message has to disappear. Display the message as long as the current time is below the calculated time:
message_end_time = 0
run = True
while run:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
# [...]
current_time = pygame.time.get_ticks()
if something_has_happened:
message_surf = font.render('Important message!', True, (255, 0, 0))
message_end_time = pygame.time.get_ticks() + 3000 # display for 3 seconds
window.fill(0)
# [...]
if current_time < message_end_time:
window.blit(message_surf, (x, y))
pygame.display.flip()
See also How do I stop more than 1 bullet firing at once?
Minimal example: repl.it/#Rabbid76/PyGame-MessageDelay
import pygame
pygame.init()
font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 50)
text = font.render('press key or mouse', True, (255, 0, 0))
window = pygame.display.set_mode((500, 200))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
message_end_time = pygame.time.get_ticks() + 3000
run = True
while run:
clock.tick(60)
current_time = pygame.time.get_ticks()
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
text = font.render(pygame.key.name(event.key) + ' pressed', True, (255, 0, 0))
message_end_time = pygame.time.get_ticks() + 2000
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
text = font.render('button ' + str(event.button) + ' pressed', True, (255, 0, 0))
message_end_time = pygame.time.get_ticks() + 2000
window.fill(0)
if current_time < message_end_time:
window.blit(text, text.get_rect(center = window.get_rect().center))
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.quit()
exit()
I wanted to do something after a period of time. On stack overflow I found a question that helps solve that, (Link) but when I run the program the code works, however it goes away after a millisecond. Whereas I want it to stay there after the amount of time I want it to wait. In this case for a test run I am blitting some text onto the screen. Here is the code:
import pygame
# Importing the modules module.
pygame.init()
# Initializes Pygame
SCREEN_WIDTH = 800
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 600
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))
# Sets the screen to pygame looks and not normal python looks.
pygame.display.set_caption("Test Run")
# Changes the title
# Heading
headingfont = pygame.font.Font('Bouncy-PERSONAL_USE_ONLY.otf', 45)
headingX = 230
headingY = 10
class Other():
def show_heading():
Heading = headingfont.render("Health Run!", True, (255, 255, 255))
screen.blit(Heading, (headingX, headingY))
pygame.time.set_timer(pygame.USEREVENT, 100)
running = True
while running:
screen.fill((0,0,0))
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
if event.type == pygame.USEREVENT:
Other.show_heading()
#Update Display
pygame.display.update()
If you want to draw the text permanently, you need to draw it in the application loop. Set a Boolean variable "draw_text" when the timer event occurs. Draw the text depending on draw_text in the application loop:
draw_text = False
running = True
while running:
screen.fill((0,0,0))
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
if event.type == pygame.USEREVENT:
draw_text = True
if draw_text:
Other.show_heading()
#Update Display
pygame.display.update()
For more information about timers and timer events, see Spawning multiple instances of the same object concurrently in python, How can I show explosion image when collision happens? or Adding a particle effect to my clicker game and many more.
This question already has answers here:
Why doesn't PyGame draw in the window before the delay or sleep?
(1 answer)
How to wait some time in pygame?
(3 answers)
Closed 2 years ago.
I was trying to use pygame to create a script that upon clicking run. The window changes the colours of the screen to blue, grey, red with one second delays between them, and then exit out of that loop and then run the game as per normal being the print("cycle done") code. Unfortunately what happens is that the window opens, hangs for around 3 seconds and then shows a red screen, rather than going through each of the colours.
import pygame as pg
running = True
calibration = False
pg.init()
screen = pg.display.set_mode((600, 400))
screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
clock = pg.time.Clock()
timer = 0
white = (255, 255, 255)
black = (0, 0, 0)
red = (255, 0, 0)
green = (0, 255, 0)
blue = (0, 0, 255)
while running:
for event in pg.event.get():
if event.type == pg.QUIT:
running = False
if not calibration:
pg.time.wait(1000)
screen.fill(blue)
pg.display.flip()
pg.time.wait(1000)
screen.fill(green)
pg.display.flip()
pg.time.wait(1000)
screen.fill(red)
pg.display.flip()
calibration = True
print(calibration)
print("cycle done")
clock.tick(60)
If you just wait for some time, you can use pygame.time.wait or pygame.time.delay. However, if you want to display a message and then wait some time, you need to update the display beforehand. The display is updated only if either pygame.display.update() or pygame.display.flip()
is called. See pygame.display.flip():
This will update the contents of the entire display.
Further you've to handles the events with pygame.event.pump(), before the update of the display becomes visible in the window. See pygame.event.pump():
For each frame of your game, you will need to make some sort of call to the event queue. This ensures your program can internally interact with the rest of the operating system.
This all means that you have to call pygame.display.flip() and pygame.event.pump() before pygame.time.wait():
while running:
for event in pg.event.get():
if event.type == pg.QUIT:
running = False
if not calibration:
pygame.event.pump()
pg.time.wait(1000)
screen.fill(blue)
pg.display.flip()
pygame.event.pump()
pg.time.wait(1000)
screen.fill(green)
pg.display.flip()
pygame.event.pump()
pg.time.wait(1000)
screen.fill(red)
pg.display.flip()
pygame.event.pump()
pg.time.wait(1000)
calibration = True
print(calibration)
print("cycle done")
clock.tick(60)