I am trying to build a Breakout game for python tkinter with different levels. I don't quite understand the self and __init__ functions in this code.
Is there a way to create the game without those functions or replacing them with simpler functions if it's possible? Also, I don't quite understand the + self.radius parts in the code as well.
import tkinter as tk
def new_window():
root1 = tk.Tk()
root1.title('Jeu')
game = Game(root1)
class GameObject(object):
def __init__(self, canvas, item):
self.canvas = canvas
self.item = item
def get_position(self):
return self.canvas.coords(self.item)
def move(self, x, y):
self.canvas.move(self.item, x, y)
def delete(self):
self.canvas.delete(self.item)
class Ball(GameObject):
def __init__(self, canvas, x, y):
self.radius = 10
self.direction = [1, -1]
# increase the below value to increase the speed of ball
self.speed = 5
item = canvas.create_oval(x - self.radius, y - self.radius,
x + self.radius, y + self.radius,
fill='white')
super(Ball, self).__init__(canvas, item)
def update(self):
coords = self.get_position()
width = self.canvas.winfo_width()
if coords[0] <= 0 or coords[2] >= width:
self.direction[0] *= -1
if coords[1] <= 0:
self.direction[1] *= -1
x = self.direction[0] * self.speed
y = self.direction[1] * self.speed
self.move(x, y)
def collide(self, game_objects):
coords = self.get_position()
x = (coords[0] + coords[2]) * 0.5
if len(game_objects) > 1:
self.direction[1] *= -1
elif len(game_objects) == 1:
game_object = game_objects[0]
coords = game_object.get_position()
if x > coords[2]:
self.direction[0] = 1
elif x < coords[0]:
self.direction[0] = -1
else:
self.direction[1] *= -1
for game_object in game_objects:
if isinstance(game_object, Brick):
game_object.hit()
class Paddle(GameObject):
def __init__(self, canvas, x, y):
self.width = 80
self.height = 10
self.ball = None
item = canvas.create_rectangle(x - self.width / 2,
y - self.height / 2,
x + self.width / 2,
y + self.height / 2,
fill='#FFB643')
super(Paddle, self).__init__(canvas, item)
def set_ball(self, ball):
self.ball = ball
def move(self, offset):
coords = self.get_position()
width = self.canvas.winfo_width()
if coords[0] + offset >= 0 and coords[2] + offset <= width:
super(Paddle, self).move(offset, 0)
if self.ball is not None:
self.ball.move(offset, 0)
class Brick(GameObject):
COLORS = {1: '#4535AA', 2: '#ED639E', 3: '#8FE1A2'}
def __init__(self, canvas, x, y, hits):
self.width = 75
self.height = 20
self.hits = hits
color = Brick.COLORS[hits]
item = canvas.create_rectangle(x - self.width / 2,
y - self.height / 2,
x + self.width / 2,
y + self.height / 2,
fill=color, tags='brick')
super(Brick, self).__init__(canvas, item)
def hit(self):
self.hits -= 1
if self.hits == 0:
self.delete()
else:
self.canvas.itemconfig(self.item,
fill=Brick.COLORS[self.hits])
class Game(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, master):
super(Game, self).__init__(master)
self.lives = 3
self.width = 610
self.height = 400
self.canvas = tk.Canvas(self, bg='#D6D1F5',
width=self.width,
height=self.height, )
self.canvas.pack()
self.pack()
self.items = {}
self.ball = None
self.paddle = Paddle(self.canvas, self.width / 2, 326)
self.items[self.paddle.item] = self.paddle
# adding brick with different hit capacities - 3,2 and 1
for x in range(5, self.width - 5, 75):
self.add_brick(x + 37.5, 50, 3)
self.add_brick(x + 37.5, 70, 2)
self.add_brick(x + 37.5, 90, 1)
self.hud = None
self.setup_game()
self.canvas.focus_set()
self.canvas.bind('<Left>',
lambda _: self.paddle.move(-10))
self.canvas.bind('<Right>',
lambda _: self.paddle.move(10))
def setup_game(self):
self.add_ball()
self.update_lives_text()
self.text = self.draw_text(300, 200,
'Press Space to start')
self.canvas.bind('<space>', lambda _: self.start_game())
def add_ball(self):
if self.ball is not None:
self.ball.delete()
paddle_coords = self.paddle.get_position()
x = (paddle_coords[0] + paddle_coords[2]) * 0.5
self.ball = Ball(self.canvas, x, 310)
self.paddle.set_ball(self.ball)
def add_brick(self, x, y, hits):
brick = Brick(self.canvas, x, y, hits)
self.items[brick.item] = brick
def draw_text(self, x, y, text, size='40'):
font = ('Forte', size)
return self.canvas.create_text(x, y, text=text,
font=font)
def update_lives_text(self):
text = 'Lives: %s' % self.lives
if self.hud is None:
self.hud = self.draw_text(50, 20, text, 15)
else:
self.canvas.itemconfig(self.hud, text=text)
def start_game(self):
self.canvas.unbind('<space>')
self.canvas.delete(self.text)
self.paddle.ball = None
self.game_loop()
def game_loop(self):
self.check_collisions()
num_bricks = len(self.canvas.find_withtag('brick'))
if num_bricks == 0:
self.ball.speed = None
self.draw_text(300, 200, 'You win! You the Breaker of Bricks.')
elif self.ball.get_position()[3] >= self.height:
self.ball.speed = None
self.lives -= 1
if self.lives < 0:
self.draw_text(300, 200, 'You Lose! Game Over!')
else:
self.after(1000, self.setup_game)
else:
self.ball.update()
self.after(50, self.game_loop)
def check_collisions(self):
ball_coords = self.ball.get_position()
items = self.canvas.find_overlapping(*ball_coords)
objects = [self.items[x] for x in items if x in self.items]
self.ball.collide(objects)
game.mainloop()
root = tk.Tk()
root.title('Jeu')
game = Game(root)
btn1= tk.Button(root, text='Click me', bd= '5',command=new_window)
Is there a way to create the game without those functions or replacing them with simpler functions if it's possible?
As a proof of concept below a much simpler code of the game for beginners rewritten to get rid of classes as an example that it is possible to write the game without them. You can compare the rewritten code with the original code (link is given in a comment at the beginning of code) to see how it can be done and then rewrite yourself a more complex code:
# https://codingshiksha.com/python/python-3-tkinter-2d-brick-breaker-breakout-game-in-gui-desktop-app-full-project-for-beginners/
from tkinter import Tk, Canvas
import random
import time
tk = Tk()
tk.title("Game")
tk.resizable(0, 0)
tk.wm_attributes("-topmost", 1)
canvas_height = 400
canvas_width = 500
canvas = Canvas(tk, width=canvas_width, height=canvas_height, bd=0, highlightthickness=0)
canvas.pack()
tk.update()
ball_id = canvas.create_oval(10, 10, 25, 25, fill='red')
canvas.move(ball_id, 245, 100)
starts = [-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3]
random.shuffle(starts)
ball_x = starts[0]
ball_y = -3
paddle_id = canvas.create_rectangle(0, 0, 100, 10, fill='blue')
canvas.move(paddle_id, 200, 300)
paddle_x = 0
def draw_ball():
global ball_x, ball_y
canvas.move(ball_id, ball_x, ball_y)
pos = canvas.coords(ball_id)
if pos[1] <= 0:
ball_y = 3
if pos[3] >= canvas_height:
ball_y = -3
if hit_paddle(pos) == True:
ball_y = -3
if pos[0] <= 0:
ball_x = 3
if pos[2] >= canvas_width:
ball_x = -3
def hit_paddle(pos):
paddle_pos = canvas.coords(paddle_id)
if pos[2] >= paddle_pos[0] and pos[0] <= paddle_pos[2]:
if pos[3] >= paddle_pos[1] and pos[3] <= paddle_pos[3]:
return True
return False
def turn_left(evt):
global paddle_x
paddle_x = -2
def turn_right(evt):
global paddle_x
paddle_x = 2
def draw_paddle():
global paddle_x
canvas.move(paddle_id, paddle_x, 0)
pos = canvas.coords(paddle_id)
if pos[0] <= 0:
paddle_x = 0
elif pos[2] >= canvas_width:
paddle_x = 0
canvas.bind_all('<KeyPress-Left>' , turn_left)
canvas.bind_all('<KeyPress-Right>', turn_right)
while True:
draw_ball()
draw_paddle()
tk.update_idletasks()
tk.update()
time.sleep(0.01)
By the way: not always usage of classes makes sense if there is a simpler and sometimes even more intuitive way of achieving the same result.
The init function is a part of a class that is run every time you create an instance of that class. Self makes the variable an attribute to the class, or that it can be accessed in other parts of your code by, for example ball = Ball() print(ball.radius). There is more information here at the documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/classes.html#python-scopes-and-namespaces . If you are using object-oriented programming, there aren't any alternatives to self and init. The only way not to use them would be to not use classes in your code.
The self.radius part of the code is creating a variable representing the size of the ball. This link describes how the different points you set creates the shape of the oval: https://anzeljg.github.io/rin2/book2/2405/docs/tkinter/create_oval.html. The short answer is that self.radius creates the size by spacing out the two points of the oval.
Related
So, yeah I'm a beginner to Tkinter Canvas Games and it's being too difficult for me to code than I thought.
Okk, let's come to the chase, below is my code:
import time
from tkinter import *
from numpy import random
class Paddle:
def __init__(self, Main_Frame):
Main_Frame.title("Paddle")
Main_Frame.geometry("300x300+630+150")
self.Random_X = random.randint(270)
self.Random_Y = random.randint(120)
self.x = 3
self.y = 3
self.Y_Position = 288
self.Can = Canvas(Main_Frame, height = 300, width = 300)
self.Can.pack()
self.paddle = self.Can.create_rectangle(0, 288, 90, 300, fill = "Aqua", outline = "Aqua")
self.ball = self.Can.create_oval(self.Random_X, self.Random_Y, self.Random_X + 20, self.Random_Y + 20, outline = "Red", fill = "Red")
self.Can.bind("<Motion>", self.Move_Paddle)
self.Move_Ball()
def Move_Ball(self):
Ball_x1, Ball_y1, Ball_x2, Ball_y2 = self.Can.coords(self.ball)
if Ball_x2 > 300:
self.x = -self.x
if Ball_y2 > 300:
self.y = -self.y
if Ball_x1 < 0:
self.x = -self.x
if Ball_y2 < 10:
self.y = -self.y
self.Can.moveto(self.ball, self.x, self.y)
Window.after(1, self.Move_Ball)
def Move_Paddle(self, event):
self.X_Position = event.x
self.Can.moveto(self.paddle, self.X_Position, self.Y_Position)
Window = Tk()
Class = Paddle(Window)
Window.mainloop()
So, my problem here is that even after calling the Move_Ball() function, it had no effect on the ball, (okk there is no error occurring though) when I tried to call the function under Move_Paddle() function (before adding the Window.after(1, self.Move_Ball) line), it worked well when I moved the mouse around the Canvas, well, I want it to automatically activate when the Paddle class is called.
I was trying to check the problem in the code by placing the function call in Move_Paddel() (with the Window.after(1, self.Move_Ball) line as in the code), it increased the trouble and insanely increased the speed of the ball.
If anyone could help me with these couple of problems, it would be highly appreciated.
Thanks in advance!
Use move() instead of moveto() method. move() method moves each of the items given by tagOrId in the canvas coordinate space by adding X amount to the x-coordinate of each point associated with the item and y amount to the y-coordinate of each point associated with the item.
Then you may increase the delay in the after() method.
Here is the working code:
import time
from tkinter import *
from numpy import random
class Paddle:
def __init__(self, Main_Frame):
Main_Frame.title("Paddle")
Main_Frame.geometry("300x300+630+150")
self.Random_X = random.randint(270)
self.Random_Y = random.randint(120)
self.x = 3
self.y = 3
self.Y_Position = 288
self.Can = Canvas(Main_Frame, height = 300, width = 300)
self.Can.pack()
self.paddle = self.Can.create_rectangle(0, 288, 90, 300, fill = "Aqua", outline = "Aqua")
self.ball = self.Can.create_oval(self.Random_X, self.Random_Y, self.Random_X + 20, self.Random_Y + 20, outline = "Red", fill = "Red")
self.Can.bind("<Motion>", self.Move_Paddle)
self.Move_Ball()
def Move_Ball(self):
Ball_x1, Ball_y1, Ball_x2, Ball_y2 = self.Can.coords(self.ball)
if Ball_x2 > 300:
self.x = -self.x
if Ball_y2 > 300:
self.y = -self.y
if Ball_x1 < 0:
self.x = -self.x
if Ball_y2 < 10:
self.y = -self.y
self.Can.move(self.ball, self.x, self.y)
Window.after(50 ,self.Move_Ball)
def Move_Paddle(self, event):
self.X_Position = event.x
self.Can.moveto(self.paddle, self.X_Position, self.Y_Position)
Window = Tk()
Class = Paddle(Window)
Window.mainloop()
I rewrote your code and now I think it works as you wished. Red ball slowly goes down:
import time
from tkinter import *
from numpy import random
class Paddle:
def __init__(self, main_frame):
self.root = main_frame
random.seed(int(time.time()))
self.x = random.randint(270)
self.y = random.randint(120)
self.Y_Position = 288
self.Can = Canvas(self.root, height=300, width=300)
self.Can.pack()
self.paddle = self.Can.create_rectangle(0, 288, 90, 300, fill="Aqua", outline="Aqua")
self.ball = self.Can.create_oval(self.x, self.y, self.x + 20, self.y + 20, outline="Red", fill="Red")
self.Can.bind("<Motion>", self.move_paddle)
self.move_ball()
def move_ball(self):
Ball_x1, Ball_y1, Ball_x2, Ball_y2 = self.Can.coords(self.ball)
# if Ball_x2 > 300:
# self.x = -self.x
# if Ball_y2 > 300:
# self.y = -self.y
# if Ball_x2 < 0:
# self.x = 300
if Ball_y2 > 300:
self.y = 0
self.y += 0.1
self.Can.moveto(self.ball, self.x, self.y)
self.root.after(1, self.move_ball)
def move_paddle(self, event):
self.X_Position = event.x
self.Can.moveto(self.paddle, self.X_Position, self.Y_Position)
root = Tk()
root.title("Paddle")
root.geometry("300x300+630+150")
Class = Paddle(root)
root.mainloop()
And please read about PEP8
You should use move() instead of moveto() inside Move_Ball() and after(1, ...) is too frequent so the ball will be moved very fast. Try after(50, ...) instead:
def Move_Ball(self):
...
self.Can.move(self.ball, self.x, self.y)
Window.after(50, self.Move_Ball)
I'm trying to write a program so that a car is drawn moving along the screen, and the up and down arrow keys can change the speed of the car. However, when I press either key, neither command is called. I've tried changing the bind_all and focus lines to self.canvas but that hasn't worked either. How can I fix this?
class racingCar:
def __init__(self):
window = Tk()
window.title("Racing Car")
self.cWidth = 500
self.cHeight = 200
self.canvas = Canvas(window, width = self.cWidth, height = self.cHeight, bg = "white")
self.canvas.pack()
self.x = 0
self.y = self.cHeight
self.drawCar(self.x, self.y)
self.dx = 5
self.sleepTime = 50
self.animate()
window.bind_all("<Up>", self.increaseSpeed)
window.bind_all("<Down>", self.decreaseSpeed)
window.focus()
window.mainloop()
def drawCar(self, x, y):
self.canvas.create_rectangle(x, y - 20, x + 50, y - 10, fill = "yellow", tags = "car")
self.canvas.create_oval(x + 10, y - 10, x + 20, y, fill = "black", tags = "car")
self.canvas.create_oval(x + 30, y - 10, x + 40, y, fill = "black", tags = "car")
self.canvas.create_polygon([x + 10, y - 20, x + 20, y - 30, x + 30, y - 30, x + 40, y - 20], fill = "blue", tags = "car")
def increaseSpeed(self, event):
print("pressed up")
self.dx += 2.5
def decreaseSpeed(self, event):
print("pressed down")
if self.dx > 0:
self.dx -= 2.5
def animate(self):
while not self.dx == 0:
self.canvas.move("car", self.dx, 0)
self.canvas.after(self.sleepTime)
self.canvas.update()
if self.x < self.cWidth + 10:
self.x += self.dx
else:
self.x = -60
self.canvas.delete("car")
self.drawCar(self.x, self.y)
racingCar()
You should not use while or sleep ever in the same thread tkinter is running in.
In this case how you are using after() it is functioning exactly like sleep.
Because tkinter is single threaded those methods will block the mainloop and nothing else can happen until the loop is ended or sleep has ended. The reason your canvas is updated is because you are calling update in the while loop but your events are still being blocked.
To fix this use after() as it is meant for this kind of loop in tkinter.
I have updated your code to use after() and cleaned it up a bit to more closely follow PEP8 style guide. let me know if you have any questions.
import tkinter as tk
class RacingCar(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.title("Racing Car")
self.c_width = 500
self.c_height = 200
self.canvas = tk.Canvas(self, width=self.c_width, height=self.c_height, bg="white")
self.canvas.pack()
self.x = 0
self.y = self.c_height
self.draw_car(self.x, self.y)
self.dx = 5
self.after_time = 50
self.animate()
self.bind("<Up>", self.increase_speed)
self.bind("<Down>", self.decrease_speed)
def draw_car(self, x, y):
self.canvas.create_rectangle(x, y - 20, x + 50, y - 10, fill="yellow", tags="car")
self.canvas.create_oval(x + 10, y - 10, x + 20, y, fill="black", tags="car")
self.canvas.create_oval(x + 30, y - 10, x + 40, y, fill="black", tags="car")
self.canvas.create_polygon([x + 10, y - 20, x + 20, y - 30, x + 30, y - 30, x + 40, y - 20],
fill="blue", tags="car")
def increase_speed(self, _):
print("pressed up")
self.dx += 2.5
def decrease_speed(self, _):
print("pressed down")
if self.dx > 0:
self.dx -= 2.5
def animate(self):
if self.dx != 0:
self.canvas.move("car", self.dx, 0)
if self.x < self.c_width + 10:
self.x += self.dx
else:
self.x = -60
self.canvas.delete("car")
self.draw_car(self.x, self.y)
self.after(self.after_time, self.animate)
RacingCar().mainloop()
I have pretty much everything done for this little game except I can't seem to get the enemy to just aimlessly float around. They spawn at the top of the window but it's rather bland having them stand in line Civil War style. I'm pretty sure it's something to do with class Enemy, but not sure. Any tips on how to get the player and aliens moving around would be appreciated!
import sys, logging, os, random, math, open_color, arcade
#check to make sure we are running the right version of Python
version = (3,7)
assert sys.version_info >= version, "This script requires at least Python {0}.{1}".format(version[0],version[1])
#turn on logging, in case we have to leave ourselves debugging messages
logging.basicConfig(format='[%(filename)s:%(lineno)d] %(message)s', level=logging.DEBUG)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
SCREEN_WIDTH = 800
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 600
MARGIN = 30
SCREEN_TITLE = "Intergalactic slam"
NUM_ENEMIES = 5
STARTING_LOCATION = (400,100)
BULLET_DAMAGE = 10
ENEMY_HP = 10
HIT_SCORE = 10
KILL_SCORE = 100
PLAYER_HP = 100
class Bullet(arcade.Sprite):
def __init__(self, position, velocity, damage):
'''
initializes the bullet
Parameters: position: (x,y) tuple
velocity: (dx, dy) tuple
damage: int (or float)
'''
super().__init__("assets/Player/PNG/Sprites/Missiles/spaceMissiles_012.png", 0.5)
(self.center_x, self.center_y) = position
(self.dx, self.dy) = velocity
self.damage = damage
def update(self):
'''
Moves the bullet
'''
self.center_x += self.dx
self.center_y += self.dy
class Enemy_Bullet(arcade.Sprite):
def __init__(self, position, velocity, damage):
super().__init__("PNG/laserGreen1.png", 0.5)
(self.center_x, self.center_y) = position
(self.dx, self.dy) = velocity
self.damage = damage
def update(self):
self.center_x += self.dx
self.center_y += self.dy
class Player(arcade.Sprite):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__("assets/Player/PNG/Sprites/Ships/spaceShips_005.png", 0.5)
(self.center_x, self.center_y) = STARTING_LOCATION
self.hp = PLAYER_HP
class Enemy(arcade.Sprite):
def __init__(self, position):
'''
initializes an alien enemy
Parameter: position: (x,y) tuple
'''
super().__init__("PNG/shipGreen_manned.png", 0.5)
self.hp = ENEMY_HP
(self.center_x, self.center_y) = position
class Window(arcade.Window):
def __init__(self, width, height, title):
super().__init__(width, height, title)
file_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
os.chdir(file_path)
self.set_mouse_visible(True)
arcade.set_background_color(open_color.black)
self.bullet_list = arcade.SpriteList()
self.enemy_list = arcade.SpriteList()
self.enemy_bullet_list = arcade.SpriteList()
self.player = Player()
self.score = 0
self.win = False
self.lose = False
def setup(self):
'''
Set up enemies
'''
for i in range(NUM_ENEMIES):
x = 120 * (i+1) + 40
y = 500
enemy = Enemy((x,y))
self.enemy_list.append(enemy)
def update(self, delta_time):
self.bullet_list.update()
self.enemy_bullet_list.update()
if (not (self.win or self.lose)):
for e in self.enemy_list:
for b in self.bullet_list:
if (abs(b.center_x - e.center_x) <= e.width / 2 and abs(b.center_y - e.center_y) <= e.height / 2):
self.score += HIT_SCORE
e.hp -= b.damage
b.kill()
if (e.hp <= 0):
e.kill()
self.score += KILL_SCORE
if (len(self.enemy_list) == 0):
self.win = True
if (random.randint(1, 75) == 1):
self.enemy_bullet_list.append(Enemy_Bullet((e.center_x, e.center_y - 15), (0, -10), BULLET_DAMAGE))
for b in self.enemy_bullet_list:
if (abs(b.center_x - self.player.center_x) <= self.player.width / 2 and abs(b.center_y - self.player.center_y) <= self.player.height / 2):
self.player.hp -= b.damage
b.kill()
if (self.player.hp <= 0):
self.lose = True
def on_draw(self):
arcade.start_render()
arcade.draw_text(str(self.score), 20, SCREEN_HEIGHT - 40, open_color.white, 16)
arcade.draw_text("HP: {}".format(self.player.hp), 20, 40, open_color.white, 16)
if (self.player.hp > 0):
self.player.draw()
self.bullet_list.draw()
self.enemy_bullet_list.draw()
self.enemy_list.draw()
if (self.lose):
self.draw_game_loss()
elif (self.win):
self.draw_game_won()
def draw_game_loss(self):
arcade.draw_text(str("LOSER!"), SCREEN_WIDTH / 2 - 90, SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2 - 10, open_color.white, 30)
def draw_game_won(self):
arcade.draw_text(str("WINNER!"), SCREEN_WIDTH / 2 - 90, SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2 - 10, open_color.white, 30)
def on_mouse_motion(self, x, y, dx, dy):
'''
The player moves left and right with the mouse
'''
self.player.center_x = x
def on_mouse_press(self, x, y, button, modifiers):
if button == arcade.MOUSE_BUTTON_LEFT:
x = self.player.center_x
y = self.player.center_y + 15
bullet = Bullet((x,y),(0,10),BULLET_DAMAGE)
self.bullet_list.append(bullet)
def main():
window = Window(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SCREEN_TITLE)
window.setup()
arcade.run()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
You'd want to change the self.center_x and self.center_y of each Enemy on every update, like you're already doing for each Bullet, but make the dx and dy values random in some way. For example:
class Enemy(arcade.Sprite):
def __init__(self, position):
...
(self.center_x, self.center_y) = position
(self.dx, self.dy) = (0, 0)
def update(self):
self.dx += random.random() - 0.5
self.dy += random.random() - 0.5
self.center_x += self.dx
self.center_y += self.dy
Now, this may look more like "twitching wildly" than "floating": many times a second, the thing potentially changes course completely. That's technically random movement, but it's not something a spaceship would do.
If it's too twitchy, make it so that dx and dy change more slowly, for example by dividing the random.random() - 0.5 by a fixed number. If it's too floaty, make it so that every update changes it more.
If you want the enemy to prefer moving down, or towards the player, get out the trigonometry and adjust dx and dy to match.
I'm trying to code a little Jump´n´Run game in tkinter with canvas and so far its working pretty well, but I have a problem that I cant´t wrap my head around.
Look at these three pictures: on the first the collision works fine - I can jump from one paddle to the other.
On the second picture, you can see that whenever I get under the paddle it doesn't fall down and jumping up is also not possible, probably because i have self.y = 0 in the self.brick collision detection. How could I get this working such that even when its under the paddle it bounces off, because that's important, for example when I start to add the second line of paddles.
My Collision code:
def brick_hit(self, pos):
for brick_line in self.bricks:
for brick in brick_line:
brick_pos = self.gamerootCanvas.coords(brick.id)
try:
if pos[3] > brick_pos[1]:
if pos[2] > brick_pos[0] and pos[0] < brick_pos[2]:
return True
except:
continue
return False
My Full code:
def jump_and_run():
gameroot = Toplevel()
gameroot.title("Game Root")
gameroot.resizable(0, 0)
gameroot.wm_attributes("-topmost", 1)
gamerootCanvas = Canvas(gameroot, width=1800, height=800, bd=0, highlightthickness=0)
gameroot_Background = PhotoImage(file="jumpnrunbackground.png")
gamerootCanvas.create_image(500, 250, image=gameroot_Background)
gamerootCanvas.pack()
gamerootCanvas.update()
class Player:
def __init__(self, gamerootCanvas, bricks, color):
self.gamerootCanvas = gamerootCanvas
self.id = gamerootCanvas.create_rectangle(25,25,0,0, fill=color)
self.gamerootCanvas.move(self.id, 5, 650)
self.bricks = bricks
self.x = 0
self.y = 0
self.gravity = 0.1
self.gamerootCanvas_height = gamerootCanvas.winfo_height()
self.gamerootCanvas_width = gamerootCanvas.winfo_width()
self.gamerootCanvas.bind_all("<KeyPress-Right>", self.move_right)
self.gamerootCanvas.bind_all("<KeyRelease-Right>", self.move_right_stop)
self.gamerootCanvas.bind_all("<KeyPress-Left>", self.move_left)
self.gamerootCanvas.bind_all("<KeyRelease-Left>", self.move_left_stop)
self.gamerootCanvas.bind_all("<KeyPress-Up>", self.jump_)
self.gamerootCanvas.bind_all("<KeyRelease-Up>", self.jump_stop)
self.jump_counter = 0
self.move_counter = 0
def move_player(self):
self.gamerootCanvas.move(self.id, self.x, self.y)
pos = self.gamerootCanvas.coords(self.id)
self.y += self.gravity
if pos[0] <= 0:
self.x = 1
elif pos[2] >= self.gamerootCanvas_width:
self.x = -1
elif pos[1] <= 0:
self.y = 1
elif pos[3] >= self.gamerootCanvas_height:
self.y = 0
elif self.brick_hit(pos) == True:
self.y = 0
def move_right(self, evt):
self.x = 2
def move_right_stop(self, evt):
self.x = 0
def move_left(self, evt):
self.x = -2
def move_left_stop(self, evt):
self.x = 0
def jump_(self, evt):
if self.jump_counter < 2:
self.y = -6
self.jump_counter += 2
def jump_stop(self, evt):
self.y = 0
self.jump_counter = 0
def brick_hit(self, pos):
for brick_line in self.bricks:
for brick in brick_line:
brick_pos = self.gamerootCanvas.coords(brick.id)
try:
if pos[3] > brick_pos[1]:
if pos[2] > brick_pos[0] and pos[0] < brick_pos[2]:
return True
except:
continue
return False
class Bricks1:
def __init__(self, gamerootCanvas, color):
self.gamerootCanvas = gamerootCanvas
self.id = gamerootCanvas.create_rectangle(50, 15, 0, 0, fill=color, width=2)
self.gamerootCanvas.move(self.id, 5, 700)
def generate_bricks():
global bricks
bricks = []
for i in range(0, 1):
b = []
for j in range(0, 14):
Bricks_1 = Bricks1(gamerootCanvas, "Blue")
b.append(Bricks_1)
bricks.append(b)
for i in range(0, 1):
for j in range(0, 14):
gamerootCanvas.move(bricks[i][j].id, 158.2 * j, 40 * i)
generate_bricks()
player1 = Player(gamerootCanvas, bricks, "Red")
while True:
gameroot.update_idletasks()
player1.move_player()
gameroot.update()
gameroot.after(5)
play_gameloop_sound()
gameUI.mainloop()
You should offset yourself from the brick to prevent becoming stuck. When resting on a brick, you should also have an altered state to prevent jittering.
I'm trying to make a game like snake, where when you catch/eat the apple and the apple moves to a different spot in tkinter.
But I want to place the "apple", or in this case, a blue triangle, to a random place on the canvas,but the only command I can find is canvas.move(), which moves the widget a certain number of pixels in any direction. This can't fulfill what I need(I think, maybe there is a way around it?). Is there a way to place the blue triangle randomly on the canvas?
from Tkinter import *
import random
import time
class Ball:
def __init__(self, canvas,square):
self.square = square
self.canvas = canvas
self.id = canvas.create_oval(10,10,25,25,fill='red')
self.canvas.move(self.id,245,100)
self.text = self.canvas.create_text(10, 10, text='GAME OVER', font=('Courier', 80))
self.canvas.move(self.text, -7000, -7000)
starts = [-3,-2,-1,1,2,3]
self.x = random.choice(starts)
self.y = -30
def draw(self):
self.canvas.move(self.id,self.x,self.y)
pos = self.canvas.coords(self.id)
if pos[1] <= 0:
self.y = 4
if pos[3] >= self.canvas.winfo_height():
self.y = -4
if self.hit_square(pos) == True:
self.canvas.move(self.text,245,100)
time.sleep(2)
tk.destroy()
if pos[0] <= 0:
self.x = 4
if pos[2] >= self.canvas.winfo_width():
self.x = -4
def hit_square(self, pos):
square_pos = self.canvas.coords(self.square.id)
if pos[2] >= square_pos[0] and pos[0] <= square_pos[2]:
if pos[3] >= square_pos[1] and pos[3] <= square_pos[3]:
return True
return False
def stay(self):
self.x = 0
self.y = 0
class Square:
def __init__(self,canvas):
self.canvas = canvas
self.id = canvas.create_rectangle(15, 15, 30, 30,fill='green')
self.x = 0
self.y = 0
self.canvas.move(self.id, 200, 250)
self.canvas.bind_all('<KeyPress-Left>',self.left)
self.canvas.bind_all('<KeyPress-Right>', self.right)
self.canvas.bind_all('<KeyPress-Up>', self.up)
self.canvas.bind_all('<KeyPress-Down>', self.down)
def draw(self):
self.canvas.move(self.id,self.x,self.y)
pos = self.canvas.coords(self.id)
if pos[0] <= 0:
self.x = 0
elif pos[2] >= self.canvas.winfo_width():
self.x = 0
if pos[1] <= 0:
self.y = 0
elif pos[3] >= self.canvas.winfo_height():
self.y = 0
def left(self, evt):
self.x = -2
self.y = 0
def right(self, evt):
self.x = 2
self.y = 0
def up(self, evt):
self.y = -2
self.x = 0
def down(self, evt):
self.y = 2
self.x = 0
class Triangle:
def __init__(self,canvas,square):
self.canvas = canvas
self.square = square
self.id = self.canvas.create_polygon(26.5,10,20,25,35,25,fill='blue')
self.canvas.move(self.id,random.randint(10,450),random.randint(10,380))
self.score = 0
def draw_score(self):
self.score_show = self.canvas.create_text(450, 20, text='score:' + str(self.score), font=('Arial', 20))
def hit_square(self):
pos = self.canvas.coords(self.id)
square_pos = self.canvas.coords(self.square.id)
if pos[2] >= square_pos[0] and pos[0] <= square_pos[2]:
if pos[3] >= square_pos[1] and pos[3] <= square_pos[3]:
self.teleport(pos)
def teleport(self, pos):
x = self.canvas.winfo_width()-pos[0]-10
y = self.canvas.winfo_height() - pos[1]-10
self.score += 1
self.canvas.move(self.id,)
tk = Tk()
tk.title("Run from the ball!")
tk.resizable(0,0)
tk.wm_attributes('-topmost',1)
canvas = Canvas(tk, width=500,height=400,bd=0,highlightthickness=0)
canvas.pack()
tk.update()
square = Square(canvas)
ball = Ball(canvas, square)
ball1 = Ball(canvas, square)
ball2 = Ball(canvas, square)
ball3 = Ball(canvas, square)
ball4 = Ball(canvas, square)
triangle = Triangle(canvas, square)
x = 0
while x < float('inf'):
ball.draw()
triangle.draw_score()
triangle.hit_square()
if x >= 10:
ball1.draw()
if x >= 20:
ball2.draw()
if x >= 30:
ball3.draw()
if x >= 40:
ball4.draw()
square.draw()
tk.update_idletasks()
tk.update()
time.sleep(0.01)
x += 0.01
Yes, I know that the score function is messed up, and that the one overlaps the zero. Could you guys help me with that too?
Is there a way to place the blue triangle randomly on the canvas?
Yes. the coords method can get you the current coordinates, but it also lets you change the coordinates to whatever you want.
self.canvas.coords(self.id, 36.5, 20, 30, 35, 45, 35)