how to transform date string from twitter-data into an integer - python

I wanted to transform the date string into an integer so I can classify if tweets were made in the morning, midday or evening.
I transformed f.e. the username and location with the encoder, but it doesn't work for the date.
df['user.name'] = encoder.fit_transform(df['user.name'])
df['user.location'] = encoder.fit_transform(df['user.location'])
do I need to transform it into 'datetime' first?
date format from Twitter-data

I think the best way to do it is to convert the date string into datetime first
new_date = datetime.datetime.strptime(twitter_date_string, '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%fZ')
and then use either
new_date.year
new_date.month
new_date.day
new_date.hour
new_date.minute
new_date.second
to get what you need as an integer.

Related

How can I add a zero to dates in a string so all months are 2 characters? [duplicate]

Using a Python script, I need to read a CVS file where dates are formated as DD/MM/YYYY, and convert them to YYYY-MM-DD before saving this into a SQLite database.
This almost works, but fails because I don't provide time:
from datetime import datetime
lastconnection = datetime.strptime("21/12/2008", "%Y-%m-%d")
#ValueError: time data did not match format: data=21/12/2008 fmt=%Y-%m-%d
print lastconnection
I assume there's a method in the datetime object to perform this conversion very easily, but I can't find an example of how to do it. Thank you.
Your example code is wrong. This works:
import datetime
datetime.datetime.strptime("21/12/2008", "%d/%m/%Y").strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
The call to strptime() parses the first argument according to the format specified in the second, so those two need to match. Then you can call strftime() to format the result into the desired final format.
you first would need to convert string into datetime tuple, and then convert that datetime tuple to string, it would go like this:
lastconnection = datetime.strptime("21/12/2008", "%d/%m/%Y").strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
I am new to programming. I wanted to convert from yyyy-mm-dd to dd/mm/yyyy to print out a date in the format that people in my part of the world use and recognise.
The accepted answer above got me on the right track.
The answer I ended up with to my problem is:
import datetime
today_date = datetime.date.today()
print(today_date)
new_today_date = today_date.strftime("%d/%m/%Y")
print (new_today_date)
The first two lines after the import statement gives today's date in the USA format (2017-01-26). The last two lines convert this to the format recognised in the UK and other countries (26/01/2017).
You can shorten this code, but I left it as is because it is helpful to me as a beginner. I hope this helps other beginner programmers starting out!
Does anyone else else think it's a waste to convert these strings to date/time objects for what is, in the end, a simple text transformation? If you're certain the incoming dates will be valid, you can just use:
>>> ddmmyyyy = "21/12/2008"
>>> yyyymmdd = ddmmyyyy[6:] + "-" + ddmmyyyy[3:5] + "-" + ddmmyyyy[:2]
>>> yyyymmdd
'2008-12-21'
This will almost certainly be faster than the conversion to and from a date.
#case_date= 03/31/2020
#Above is the value stored in case_date in format(mm/dd/yyyy )
demo=case_date.split("/")
new_case_date = demo[1]+"-"+demo[0]+"-"+demo[2]
#new format of date is (dd/mm/yyyy) test by printing it
print(new_case_date)
If you need to convert an entire column (from pandas DataFrame), first convert it (pandas Series) to the datetime format using to_datetime and then use .dt.strftime:
def conv_dates_series(df, col, old_date_format, new_date_format):
df[col] = pd.to_datetime(df[col], format=old_date_format).dt.strftime(new_date_format)
return df
Sample usage:
import pandas as pd
test_df = pd.DataFrame({"Dates": ["1900-01-01", "1999-12-31"]})
old_date_format='%Y-%m-%d'
new_date_format='%d/%m/%Y'
conv_dates_series(test_df, "Dates", old_date_format, new_date_format)
Dates
0 01/01/1900
1 31/12/1999
The most simplest way
While reading the csv file, put an argument parse_dates
df = pd.read_csv("sample.csv", parse_dates=['column_name'])
This will convert the dates of mentioned column to YYYY-MM-DD format
Convert date format DD/MM/YYYY to YYYY-MM-DD according to your question, you can use this:
from datetime import datetime
lastconnection = datetime.strptime("21/12/2008", "%d/%m/%Y").strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
print(lastconnection)
df is your data frame
Dateclm is the column that you want to change
This column should be in DateTime datatype.
df['Dateclm'] = pd.to_datetime(df['Dateclm'])
df.dtypes
#Here is the solution to change the format of the column
df["Dateclm"] = pd.to_datetime(df["Dateclm"]).dt.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
print(df)

Converting a string to Timestamp with Pyspark

I am currently attempting to convert a column "datetime" which has values that are dates/times in string form, and I want to convert the column such that all of the strings are converted to timestamps.
The date/time strings are of the form "10/11/2015 0:41", and I'd like to convert the string to a timestamp of form YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS. At first I attempted to cast the column to timestamp in the following way:
df=df.withColumn("datetime", df["datetime"].cast("timestamp"))
Though when I did so, I received null for every value, which lead me to believe that the input dates needed to be formatted somehow. I have looked into numerous other possible remedies such as to_timestamp(), though this also gives the same null results for all of the values. How can a string of this format be converted into a timestamp?
Any insights or guidance are greatly appreciated.
Try:
import datetime
def to_timestamp(date_string):
return datetime.datetime.strptime(date_string, "%m/%d/%Y %H:%M")
df = df.withColumn("datetime", to_timestamp(df.datetime))
You can use the to_timestamp function. See Datetime Patterns for valid date and time format patterns.
df = df.withColumn('datetime', F.to_timestamp('datetime', 'M/d/y H:m'))
df.show(truncate=False)
You were doing it in the right way, except you missed to add the format ofstring type which is in this case MM/dd/yyyy HH:mm. Here M is used for months and m is used to detect minutes. Having said that, see the code below for reference -
df = spark.createDataFrame([('10/11/2015 0:41',), ('10/11/2013 10:30',), ('12/01/2016 15:56',)], ("String_Timestamp", ))
from pyspark.sql.functions import *
df.withColumn("Timestamp_Format", to_timestamp(col("String_Timestamp"), "MM/dd/yyyy HH:mm")).show(truncate=False)
+----------------+-------------------+
|String_Timestamp| Timestamp_Format|
+----------------+-------------------+
| 10/11/2015 0:41|2015-10-11 00:41:00|
|10/11/2013 10:30|2013-10-11 10:30:00|
|12/01/2016 15:56|2016-12-01 15:56:00|
+----------------+-------------------+

Convert Timestamp to Date only

I've been looking through every thread that I can find, and the only one that is relevant to this type of formatting issue is here, but it's for java...
How parse 2013-03-13T20:59:31+0000 date string to Date
I've got a column with values like 201604 and 201605 that I need to turn into date values like 2016-04-01 and 2016-05-01. To accomplish this, I've done what is below.
#Create Number to build full date
df['DAY_NBR'] = '01'
#Convert Max and Min date to string to do date transformation
df['MAXDT'] = df['MAXDT'].astype(str)
df['MINDT'] = df['MINDT'].astype(str)
#Add the day number to the max date month and year
df['MAXDT'] = df['MAXDT'] + df['DAY_NBR']
#Add the day number to the min date month and year
df['MINDT'] = df['MINDT'] + df['DAY_NBR']
#Convert Max and Min date to integer values
df['MAXDT'] = df['MAXDT'].astype(int)
df['MINDT'] = df['MINDT'].astype(int)
#Convert Max date to datetime
df['MAXDT'] = pd.to_datetime(df['MAXDT'], format='%Y%m%d')
#Convert Min date to datetime
df['MINDT'] = pd.to_datetime(df['MINDT'], format='%Y%m%d')
To be honest, I can work with this output, but it's a little messy because the unique values for the two columns are...
MAXDT Values
['2016-07-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2017-09-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2018-06-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2017-07-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2017-03-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2018-12-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2017-12-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2019-01-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2018-09-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2018-10-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2016-04-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2018-03-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2017-05-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2018-08-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2017-02-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2016-12-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2018-01-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2018-02-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2017-06-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2018-11-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2018-05-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2019-11-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2016-06-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2017-10-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2016-08-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2018-04-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2016-03-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2016-10-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2016-11-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2019-12-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2016-09-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2017-08-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2016-05-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2017-01-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2017-11-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2018-07-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2017-04-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2016-01-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2016-02-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2019-02-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2019-07-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2019-10-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2019-09-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2019-03-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2019-05-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2019-04-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2019-08-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2019-06-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2020-02-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2020-01-01T00:00:00.000000000']
MINDT Values
['2016-04-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2017-07-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2016-02-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2017-01-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2017-02-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2018-12-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2017-08-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2018-04-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2017-10-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2019-01-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2018-05-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2018-09-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2018-10-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2016-01-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2016-03-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2017-11-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2017-05-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2018-07-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2018-06-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2017-12-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2016-10-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2018-02-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2017-06-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2018-08-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2018-03-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2018-11-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2016-08-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2016-06-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2018-01-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2016-07-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2016-11-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2016-09-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2017-04-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2016-05-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2017-09-01T00:00:00.000000000' '2016-12-01T00:00:00.000000000'
'2017-03-01T00:00:00.000000000']
I'm trying to build a loop that runs through these dates, and it works, but I don't want to have an index with all of these irrelevant zeros and a T in it. How can I convert these empty timestamp values to just the date that is in yyyy-mm-dd format?
Thank you!
Unfortunately, I believe Pandas always stores datetime objects as datetime64[ns], meaning the precision has to be like that. Even if you attempt to save as datetime64[D], it will be cast to datetime64[ns].
It's possible to just store these datetime objects as strings instead, but the simplest solution is likely to just strip the extra zeroes when you're looping through them (i.e, using df['MAXDT'].to_numpy().astype('datetime64[D]') and looping through the formatted numpy array), or just reformatting using datetime.

How to format date to 1900's?

I'm preprocessing data and one column represents dates such as '6/1/51'
I'm trying to convert the string to a date object and so far what I have is:
date = row[2].strip()
format = "%m/%d/%y"
datetime_object = datetime.strptime(date, format)
date_object = datetime_object.date()
print(date_object)
print(type(date_object))
The problem I'm facing is changing 2051 to 1951.
I tried writing
format = "%m/%d/19%y"
But it gives me a ValueError.
ValueError: time data '6/1/51' does not match format '%m/%d/19%y'
I couldn't easily find the answer online so I'm asking here. Can anyone please help me with this?
Thanks.
Parse the date without the century using '%m/%d/%y', then:
year_1900 = datetime_object.year - 100
datetime_object = datetime_object.replace(year=year_1900)
You should put conditionals around that so you only do it on dates that are actually in the 1900's, for example anything later than today.

Converting date between DD/MM/YYYY and YYYY-MM-DD?

Using a Python script, I need to read a CVS file where dates are formated as DD/MM/YYYY, and convert them to YYYY-MM-DD before saving this into a SQLite database.
This almost works, but fails because I don't provide time:
from datetime import datetime
lastconnection = datetime.strptime("21/12/2008", "%Y-%m-%d")
#ValueError: time data did not match format: data=21/12/2008 fmt=%Y-%m-%d
print lastconnection
I assume there's a method in the datetime object to perform this conversion very easily, but I can't find an example of how to do it. Thank you.
Your example code is wrong. This works:
import datetime
datetime.datetime.strptime("21/12/2008", "%d/%m/%Y").strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
The call to strptime() parses the first argument according to the format specified in the second, so those two need to match. Then you can call strftime() to format the result into the desired final format.
you first would need to convert string into datetime tuple, and then convert that datetime tuple to string, it would go like this:
lastconnection = datetime.strptime("21/12/2008", "%d/%m/%Y").strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
I am new to programming. I wanted to convert from yyyy-mm-dd to dd/mm/yyyy to print out a date in the format that people in my part of the world use and recognise.
The accepted answer above got me on the right track.
The answer I ended up with to my problem is:
import datetime
today_date = datetime.date.today()
print(today_date)
new_today_date = today_date.strftime("%d/%m/%Y")
print (new_today_date)
The first two lines after the import statement gives today's date in the USA format (2017-01-26). The last two lines convert this to the format recognised in the UK and other countries (26/01/2017).
You can shorten this code, but I left it as is because it is helpful to me as a beginner. I hope this helps other beginner programmers starting out!
Does anyone else else think it's a waste to convert these strings to date/time objects for what is, in the end, a simple text transformation? If you're certain the incoming dates will be valid, you can just use:
>>> ddmmyyyy = "21/12/2008"
>>> yyyymmdd = ddmmyyyy[6:] + "-" + ddmmyyyy[3:5] + "-" + ddmmyyyy[:2]
>>> yyyymmdd
'2008-12-21'
This will almost certainly be faster than the conversion to and from a date.
#case_date= 03/31/2020
#Above is the value stored in case_date in format(mm/dd/yyyy )
demo=case_date.split("/")
new_case_date = demo[1]+"-"+demo[0]+"-"+demo[2]
#new format of date is (dd/mm/yyyy) test by printing it
print(new_case_date)
If you need to convert an entire column (from pandas DataFrame), first convert it (pandas Series) to the datetime format using to_datetime and then use .dt.strftime:
def conv_dates_series(df, col, old_date_format, new_date_format):
df[col] = pd.to_datetime(df[col], format=old_date_format).dt.strftime(new_date_format)
return df
Sample usage:
import pandas as pd
test_df = pd.DataFrame({"Dates": ["1900-01-01", "1999-12-31"]})
old_date_format='%Y-%m-%d'
new_date_format='%d/%m/%Y'
conv_dates_series(test_df, "Dates", old_date_format, new_date_format)
Dates
0 01/01/1900
1 31/12/1999
The most simplest way
While reading the csv file, put an argument parse_dates
df = pd.read_csv("sample.csv", parse_dates=['column_name'])
This will convert the dates of mentioned column to YYYY-MM-DD format
Convert date format DD/MM/YYYY to YYYY-MM-DD according to your question, you can use this:
from datetime import datetime
lastconnection = datetime.strptime("21/12/2008", "%d/%m/%Y").strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
print(lastconnection)
df is your data frame
Dateclm is the column that you want to change
This column should be in DateTime datatype.
df['Dateclm'] = pd.to_datetime(df['Dateclm'])
df.dtypes
#Here is the solution to change the format of the column
df["Dateclm"] = pd.to_datetime(df["Dateclm"]).dt.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
print(df)

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