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Sharepoint API how to read file havin only sharing link to it

I'm using python office365 library to access sharepoint documents. I don't know how to access file via API that have been shared with me by sharing link. I need to get this file content and if possible metadata (last modify date). Could anyone help?
The user that I'm using have no access to this sharepoint folder other than a sharing link to a single file.
I tried many variations of normal file access API, bot by hand and by office365 library. I couldnt find a way to access a file when I have only sharing link to it.
My sharing link looks like that:
https://[redacted].sharepoint.com/:x:/s/[redacted]/dir1/dir2/ESd0HkNNSbJMhQFavQsr9-4BNHC2rHSWsnbs3zRdjtZsC3g so there is not really a filename here and I cannot read via API content of any folder per se because I have an error Attempted to perform an unathorized operation.. Authentication goes fine (when i mistake password I get different error).

According to my research and testing, you can use the following Rest API to read file (get file content):
https://xxxx.sharepoint.com/sites/xxx/_api/web/GetFolderByServerRelativeUrl('/sites/xxx/Library_Name/Folder Name')/Files('Document.docx')/$value
If you want to get last modify date, you can use the following Rest API to get the Modified field：
https://xxxx.sharepoint.com/sites/xxx/_api/web/lists/getbytitle('test_library')/Items?$select=Modified

Dump data from python cron job to google spreadsheets

I am creating a CSV which contains the report as a result of a cronjob. I want to share this CSV via Google spreadsheets - the report itself is versioned, so I would just dump the CSV contents into the same worksheet in the same spreadsheet each and every single time.
I have found gspread which looked very promising but unfortunately gives me NoValidUrlKeyFound Errors. The Python example for interacting with the Spreadsheets API v4 (to be found here) requires interactivity because of the OAuth flow.
Can someone point me in the right direction? Ideally I would just do:
client = spreadsheet.client(credential_file)
client.open_spreadheet(url_or_something).open_worksheet(0).dump(csv)
print("Done")

I have found the answer in a Github issue:
Using gspread, follow the official guide to receive an oauth token. You will end up with a JSON file holding the credentials.
In order to access a spreadsheet with these credentials however, you need to share the spreadsheet with the account represented by them. In the JSON file there is a property client_email. Share the document with that e-mail address and voila, you'll be able to open it!

Take data from private google spreadsheet

I have a Google Spreadsheet which I'm sharing with several person. I want to built a script to search for some rows and take cells values and process a program locally afterwards. I was thinking going with python, as it seems Google provide a good API for it.
Have someone an example on how to connect to Google Spreadsheet ? I read the api, but I don't get how does the OAuth 2.0 thing works...
Many thanks :)

To perform read and write operations on a Google Spreadsheet, OAuth 2.0 will not be necessary. As shown in these samples for reading as well as writing to a Google Spreadsheet, in order to be able to access the SpreadSheet you must include the username-password of the related account in your in your code. And then using them in the following manner (as shown in the writing sample) to access the Spreadsheet:
spr_client = gdata.spreadsheet.service.SpreadsheetsService()
spr_client.email = email
spr_client.password = password
spr_client.source = 'Example Spreadsheet Writing Application'
spr_client.ProgrammaticLogin()
Also, do remember to import gdata.spreadsheet.service and any other related library that you might need for your code. And if you're new, this would also be a good place to start. Hope this helps!

Trigger python code from Google spreadsheets?

In excel you can create user defined functions with python using pyxll. I have been moving to Google spreadsheets and using their Google app script, but the libraries are so much bigger and better in python, I wish there was a way to build user defined functions using python from Google spreadsheets. There are ways to interact python with Google sheets like gspread. Is there a way to run python on Google app engine then get sheet to trigger that code? What other ways is there to trigger python code from Google spreadsheets?

You should create a webservice in GAE which then can be called using Google Apps Script UrlFetch class.
This is how I usually do to integrate a third party app with Apps Script App.
In a Spreadsheet container script you can create a code like
function myFunction(){
//your code
//Call the webservice
var response = UrlFetchApp.fetch('my_webservice_url', {payload:'...', method:'POST'});
Logger.log(response.getContentText());
// your code based on response
}
Above code can be triggered by a time driven trigger in Apps Script based on some conditions

Deploy your python code as a cloud function:
https://cloud.google.com/functions/docs/writing/http.
Then call your function with URL Fetch as shown above.

One way is to have some code that reads the spreadsheet all the time, then runs some other code when a condition is met.
Without GAE, you could use the following code:
#http://code.google.com/p/gdata-python-client/downloads/list
import gdata.spreadsheet.service as s
spreadsheet_key = 'spreadsheetkey'# https://docs.google.com/spreadsheet/ccc?key=<spreadsheet key>&usp=sharing#gid=0
worksheet_key = 'od6' #first tab
gd_client = s.SpreadsheetsService(spreadsheet_key, worksheet_key)
gd_client.email = 'user#gmail.com'
gd_client.password = 'password'
gd_client.ProgrammaticLogin()
list_feed = gd_client.GetListFeed(spreadsheet_key, worksheet_key)
for entry in list_feed.entry:
#read cell values and then do something if the condition is met
If you wanted to have the spreadsheet run code in a GAE app, then you could publish the spreadsheet and construct the URL of the spreadsheet (JSON) like this: https://spreadsheets.google.com/feeds/list/(spreadsheetkey)/od6/public/values?alt=json
This address can be accessed via the app, the cell values can be read, and some code can be triggered.
The approach is the same with both ideas: some code monitors the spreadsheet and when some condition is met, some other code is triggered. I'm not sure how you could run the code (in a GAE app, say) when the condition is met purely from the Google Spreadsheet.

Using Python, how can I read plain text from a Google Doc?

I am attempting to read the raw text/content of a Google Doc (just a plain document, not a spreadsheet or presentation) from within a Python script, but so far have had little success.
Here's what I've tried:
import gdata.docs.service
client = gdata.docs.service.DocsService()
client.ClientLogin('email', 'password')
q = gdata.docs.service.DocumentQuery()
q.AddNamedFolder('email', 'Folder Name')
feed = client.Query(q.ToUri())
doc = feed.entry[0] # extract one of the documents
However, this variable doc, which is of type gdata.docs.DocumentListEntry, doesn't seem to contain any content, just meta information about the document.
Am I doing something wrong here? Can somebody point me in the right direction? Thank you!

UPDATE (Mar 2019) Good news! The Google Docs REST API is now available. More info about it from my SO answer to a similar question, but to get you going, here's the official Python "quickstart" sample showing you how to get the title of a Google Doc in plain text.
Both the Apps Script and Drive REST API solutions originally answered below are still valid and are alternate ways to get the contents of a Google Doc. (The Drive API works on both Python 2 & 3, but Apps Script is JavaScript-only.)
Bottom-line: if you want to download the entire Doc in plain text, the Drive API solution is best. If you want to programmatically CRUD different parts of a Doc, then you must use either the Docs API or Apps Script.
(Feb 2017) The code in the OP and the only other answer are both now out-of-date as ClientLogin authentication was deprecated back in 2012(!), and GData APIs are the previous generation of Google APIs. While not all GData APIs have been deprecated, all newer Google APIs do not use the Google Data protocol.
There isn't a REST API available (at this time) for Google Docs documents, although there is an "API-like" service provided by Google Apps Script, the JavaScript-in-the-cloud solution which provides programmatic access to Google Docs (via its DocumentService object), including Docs add-ons.
To read plain text from a Google Doc, considered file-level access, you would use the Google Drive API instead. Examples of using the Drive API:
Exporting a Google Sheet as CSV (blog post)
"Poor man's plain text to PDF" converter (blog post) (*)
(*) - TL;DR: upload plain text file to Drive, import/convert to Google Docs format, then export that Doc as PDF. Post above uses Drive API v2; this follow-up post describes migrating it to Drive API v3, and here's a developer video combining both "poor man's converter" posts.
The solution to the OP is to perform similar operations as what you see in both posts above but ensure you're using the text/plain export MIMEtype. For other import/export formats to/from Drive, see this related question SO answer as well as the downloading files from Drive docs page. Here's some pseudocode that searches for Google Docs documents called "Hello World" in my Drive folder and displays the contents of the first matching file found on-screen (assuming DRIVE is your API service endpoint):
from __future__ import print_function
NAME = 'Hello World'
MIME = 'text/plain'
# using Drive API v3; if using v2, change 'pageSize' to 'maxResults',
# 'name=' to 'title=', and ".get('files')" to ".get('items')"
res = DRIVE.files().list(q="name='%s'" % NAME, pageSize=1).execute().get('files')
if res:
fileID = res[0]['id'] # 1st matching "Hello World" name
res = DRIVE.files().export(fileId=fileID, mimeType=MIME).execute()
if res:
print(res.decode('utf-8')) # decode bytes for Py3; NOP for Py2
If you need more than this, see these videos on how to setup using Google APIs, OAuth2 authorization, and creating a Drive service endpoint to list your Drive files, plus a corresponding blog post for all three.
To learn more about how to use Google APIs with Python in general, check out my blog as well as a variety of Google developer videos (series 1 and series 2) I'm producing.

A DocumentQuery doesn't return you all the documents with their contents—that would take forever. It just returns a list of documents, with metadata about each. (Actually, IIRC you can get a preview page this way, so if your document is only one page that might be enough…)
You then need to download the content in a separate request. The content element has a type (the MIME type) and a src (the URL to the actual data). You can just download that src, and parse it. However, you can override the default type by adding an exportFormat parameter, so you don't need to do any parsing.
See the section Downloading documents and files in the docs, which has an example showing how to download a document and specify a format. (It's in .NET rather than Python, and it uses HTML rather than plain text, but you should be able to figure it out.)